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Biomass combustion plants
Examples in Germany and United Kingdom
C. Hahn, C. Ludwig, P. Werner
BiWaRE – Biomass and Waste for Renewable Energy
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Power generationHeat generation Combined heat and power generation
Purposes
SizesUp to 15 kW household sector – water and room heating
Up to 1 MW commercial business-
Firing systems:
Underfeed firing, shaft furnance
Higher than 1 MW: mostly combined heat and power generation
- higher than 100 MW are not effective
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Biomass fuel
Residual and wasteCereal straw
•Foliage plant residuals
•Wood and animal wastes
•Residual wood
•Organic wastes from household
•Industrial wastes
Cultivated biomass for combustion purposes
Energy plantations
e.g. Fast growing wood,rape
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Types of fuel used
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Examples of Biomass combustion plants
Pfaffenhofen
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Wood combustion plant Melle Buer
Purpose: heating system of school buildingsFuel: wood chips from local forestry
and biodiesel (stand-by)In operation since: 2001Operated by: OVE Energie GmbH & Co. KGInvestment costs: 383.000 €Capacity: 2 * 450 kWAnnual Heat generation: 800 MWh/a
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E-1
Cyclon with induced draught fan
Boiler with underfeed furnaceand continuously variable cinder outlet
Ash drain
P-10
Cleaned fumes
Storage wihScrew conveyor
Cinder outlet
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Biomass heat and power plant PfaffenhofenManufacturer: Babcock and Wilcox Vølund ApS
Operated by:Biomasse Heizkraftwerk GmbH
In operation since: 1991
Maximum capacity: 23.5 MW heat capacity
6 MW electricity
200 000 MWh/a heat
42 000 MWh/a electricity
Fuel utilised:untreated fresh wood chips and remaining wood from saw mills, water content up to 60%
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E-5
E-1
E-2
E-4
E-7
V-1
Storage and conveyor Boiler with moving grate stoker firing
Electricity and heat
multicyclone Electrostaticprecipitator condenser
Cleaned fumes
Filter ashFly ashBoiler ashCinder outlet
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Biomass combustion plant Gmünden
Purpose: heating system for two schools and one swim hall
fuel utilised: wood chips
In operation since: 2001
In peak period demand: natural gas
Investment costs: 1.013.300 €
Capacity
wood chips: 650 kW
natural gas: 1.750 kW
Annual capacity
wood chips: 2550 MWh/a
natural gas: 150 MWh/a
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Cinder outlet Flue ash
Cleaned fumes
Boiler with underfeed furnaceand continuously variable cinder outlet
Storage wihScrew conveyor Electrostatic filter
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Straw combustion plant Schkölen
Purpose: community heating system for the small city of Schkölen
Fuel: gramineous biomass
-Straw is pressed into oblong bales
-Bales are pushed continiously into the combustion chamber (cigar burner)
Generated heat power: 3,15 MW
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Straw combustion plant Schkölen
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Glanford
EyeThetford
Ely
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Biomass combustion plant GlanfordOperated by: EPRProject company: Fibrogen ltdManifacturers
boiler: Aalborg Boilers A/Sturbine: NEI-Allen
In operation since: November 1993recommission: May 2000
Process type: conventional moving grateboiler and steam cyclone
Types of substrate: Poultry litter meat and bonemeal
Maximum capacity: 13,5 MWInvestment costs: 24 000 000 £
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Biomass combustion plant Thetford Operated by: Fibrothetford LtdManifacturersboiler: Forster Wheeler Ltd Canadaturbine: Ansaldo Energia SpAGrate system supplier: Detroit Stoker Inc.In operation since: june 1999Fuel handling system supplier: BirtlyEngineering plcProcess type: conventional moving grateboiler and steam cycloneType of substrate: Poultry litter, chicken litter, feather and other agricultural residuesTroughput of substrate: 420 000 Mg litter/aInvestment costs: 56 000 000 £
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Biomass combustion plant Eye
Operated by: Fibrothetford LtdManifacturersboiler: Aalborg boilersturbine: NE-Allen In operation since: july 1992Process type: conventional moving grateboiler and steam cycloneType of substrate: Poultry litter, horse bedding,feathers Maximum capacity: 12,7 MWTroughput of substrate: 160 000 Mg litter/aInvestment costs: 22 000 000 £
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Biomass combustion plant Ely
Operated by: EPR Ely and Cinergy Global PowerManifacturers:FLS MiljoIn operation since: December 2000Process type: vibrating gate with conventional steam cycleType of substrate: Oil seed rape and miscantuhus,cereal straw, up to 10 % natural gas
Maximum capacity: 39 MW, 270 GWh/aTroughput of substrate: 200 000 Mg litter/aInvestment costs: 66 000 000 £
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