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SULIT 2 4551/11. The following information are features of an organelle in a cell.
Maklumat berikut adalah tentang ciri-ciri dalam suatu sel.
Spherical or oblong/ Berbentuk sfera atau bujur
Smooth outer membrane and folded inner layerMembran luar licin dan membran dalam berlipat-lipat
Which of the following organelles has feature as stated above?Antara organel berikut yang manakah mempunyai ciri-ciri seperti di atas?
A vacuole C chloroplastvakuol kloroplas
B nucleus D mitochondrianukleus mitokondria
2. Diagram 1 shows the structure of a plant cell.Rajah 1 menunjukkan struktur satu sel tumbuhan.
Diagram 1/ Rajah 1
Which of the following is true about X?Antara yang berikut, yang manakah benar tentang X?
A semi permeable membrane C fully permeablemembran separa telap telap sepenuhnya
B elastic D rigidkenyal tegar
3. Diagram 2 shows an animal cell.Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu sel haiwan.
Diagram 2Rajah 2
SULIT 3 4551/1
Which of the following is the main function of structure P?Antara yang berikut, yang manakah fungsi utama struktur P?
A control all cell activitiesmengawal semua aktiviti sel
B carries out photosynthesismenjalankan fotosintesis
C contains sugar and dissolved mineralsmengandungi gula dan mineral terlarut
D generates energy from the oxidation of foodmenjana tenaga daripada pengoksidaan makanan
4. Diagram 3 shows the cell organization in multicellular organism.Rajah 3 menunjukkan organisasi sel dalam organisma multisel.
Cell R Organ System OrganismSel Organ Sistem Organisma
Diagram 3/ Rajah 3
Which part of the body can be represented by R?Apakah bahagian badan yang boleh diwakili oleh R?
A pancreas B esophagus C blood D plateletpankreas esofagus darah platlet
5. Diagram 4 shows a human body cell.Gambarajah 4 menunjukkan satu sel badan manusia.
Diagram 4Rajah 4
SULIT 4 4551/1
Name the Z process as shown in Diagram 4 that release out the carbon dioxide from the body cell into the blood vessel.Namakan proses Z dalam Rajah 4 yang menyingkirkan gas karbon dioksida dari sel badan ke dalamsaluran darah.
A osmosis C facilitated diffusionosmosis resapan berbantu
B simple diffusion D active transportresapan ringkas pengangkutan aktif
6. A plant cell is immersed in distilled water. Which of the following is true about the movement of water molecules in the early stage?Satu sel tumbuhan telah direndam dalam air suling. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah benartentang pergerakan molekul air di peringkat awal?
A the rate of water molecules entering the cell is higher than that exiting the cellkadar molekul air masuk ke dalam sel adalah lebih tinggi daripada keluar dari sel
B the rate of water molecules exiting the cell is higher than entering the cellkadar molekul air keluar dari sel adalah lebih tinggi daripada masuk ke dalam sel
C no water molecules are entering or exiting the celltiada molekul air masuk ke dalam atau keluar dari sel
D the rate of water molecules entering and exiting the cell is the samekadar molekul air masuk ke dalam dan keluar dari sel adalah sama
7. Diagram 5 shows the materials and apparatus used in an experiment. The Visking tube is filled with 50 cm3 of distilled water. Both ends of the visking tube are tied with strings.Rajah 5 menunjukkan bahan dan radas yang digunakan dalam suatu eksperimen. Tiub visking diisi dengan 50 cm
3 air suling. Kedua-dua hujung tiub visking diikat dengan tali.
Diagram 5/ Rajah 5
SULIT 5 4551/1
Which of the following statement is the result of the experiment after 60 minutes?Antara pernyataan berikut, manakah yang memberikan keputusan eksperimen selepas 60 minit?
A the sucrose solution level in the beaker fallsaras larutan sukrosa di dalam bikar menurun
B the distilled water level in the capillary tube risesaras air suling di dalam tiub kapilari meningkat
C the visking tube becomes soft and loosentiub visking menjadi lembut dan longgar
D the visking tube become firmtiub visking menjadi segah
8. Diagram 6 is a graph showing the result of an experiment to determine the concentration of the cell sap of erythrocyte cells.Rajah 6 ialah graf yang menunjukkan hasil eksperimen untuk menentukan kepekatan sap sel eritrosit.
Diagram 6Rajah 6
Which of the following represent the conditions of the erythrocyte cells at T point.Antara berikut yang manakah menunjukkan keadaan sel eritrosit pada titik T.
A B C D
SULIT 6 4551/1
Solution XLarutan X
Solution YLarutan Y
Solution ZLarutan Z
IsotonicIsotonik
HypotonicHipotonik
HypertonicHipertonik
HypotonicHipotonik
HypertonicHipertonik
IsotonicIsotonik
HypertonicHipertonik
HypertonicHipertonik
IsotonicIsotonik
HypotonicHipotonik
HypotonicHipotonik
HypertonicHipertonik
9. When a freshwater Amoeba was placed in solution X, its contractile vacuole contraction rate was found to be 3 times per minute. The Amoeba was then transferred to solution Y and the contractile vacuole contraction rate was found to be 6 times per minute. Finally, it was transferred to solution Z and the contractile vacuole contraction was found to be 0 times per minute.Apabila sejenis Amoeba air tawar dimasukkan ke dalam larutan X, didapati kadar pengecutan vakuol mengecutnya ialah 3 kali setiap satu minit. Amoeba tersebut kemudiannya dipindahkan ke larutan Y dan didapati kadar pengecutan vakuol mengecutnya ialah 6 kali setiap satu minit. Akhirnya, ia dipindahkan ke larutan Z dan didapati kadar pengecutan vakuol mengecutnya ialah 0 kali setiap satu minit.
Relative to the concentration of the Amoeba’s cytoplasmic contents, solutions X, Y and Z areDibandingkan dengan kepekatan kandungan sitoplasma Amoeba tersebut ,larutan X, Y dan Z adalah
A
B
C
D
10 Diagram 7 shows the breaking down of a complex molecule by an enzyme. Which of the molecules A, B, C or D represents the substrate?Rajah 7 menunjukkan proses penguraian molekul kompleks oleh enzim. Antara molekul A, B, C atauD yang manakah mewakili substrat?
Diagram 7/ Rajah 7
11 The vitamin that functions as a coenzyme in cell respiration isVitamin yang berfungsi sebagai koenzim dalam respirasi sel ialah
A vitamin A B vitamin B C vitamin C D vitamin K
SULIT 7 4551/1
12 Diagram 8 is a graph which shows the relationship between the rate of reaction and the substrate concentration when factor Y is varied.Rajah 8 ialah graf yang menunjukkan perhubungan antara kadar tindakbalas kepekatan substratapabila faktor Y diubah.
Diagram 8/Rajah 8
What is factor Y?Apakah faktor Y?
A pH C inhibitorpH perencat
B time D enzyme concentrationmasa kepekatan enzim
13 Diagram 9 shows the rate of enzyme hydrolysis reactions, R and S in the human body.Rajah 9 menunjukkan kadar tindakbalas enzim hidrolisis R dan S dalam badan manusia.
Diagram 9/Rajah 9
SULIT 8 4551/1
Enzyme R/ Enzim R Enzyme S/ Enzim SSecreted in the stomachDirembes di dalam perut
Secreted into the duodenumDirembes ke dalam duodenum
The active site changes at pH more than4Tapak aktif berubah pada pH lebih daripada 4
The active site changes at pH more than7Tapak aktif berubah pada pH lebih daripada 7
R is trypsinR ialah tripsin
S is lipaseS ialah lipase
Synthesized in the rough endoplasmicreticulumDisintesiskan dalam jalinan endoplasma kasar
Synthesized in the smooth endoplasmicreticulumDisintesiskan dalam jalinan endoplasma licin
Which of the following is true about enzymes R and S?Antara berikut, yang manakah adalah benar tentang enzim R dan S?
A
B
C
D
14 Diagram 10 shows four shirts labeled P, Q, R and S with similar starch stains.Rajah 10 menunjukkan empat baju berlabel P, Q, R dan S dengan kotoran kanji yang sama.
Diagram 10/ Rajah 10
The four shirts are washed in an enzyme-containing detergent at different temperatures. Which of the following statements is true about the activities?Keempat-empat baju tersebut dibasuh dalam serbuk pencuci yang mengandungi enzim pada suhu yang berlainan. Yang manakah antara pernyataan berikut adalah benar tentang aktiviti tersebut?
A the detergent contains lipase and proteaseserbuk pencuci tersebut mengandungi lipase dan protease
B the temperature for washing shirt S is the highestsuhu basuhan baju S ialah yang tertinggi
C the temperature for washing shirt P is 300C while for shirt S is 400Csuhu basuhan baju P ialah 30
0C manakala baju S ialah 40
0C
D the removal of stains involves physical process onlypenanggalan kotoran melibatkan proses fizikal sahaja
SULIT 9 4551/1
Stage X/Peringkat X Stage Y/Peringkat YThe chromosomes start to shorten and thickenKromosom mula menebal danmemendek
The chromosomes form chromatids which move to the opposite poles of the cell Kromosom membentuk kromatid yang bergerak menuju ke kutub bertentangan dalam sel
The chromosomes have replicatedKromosom telah bereplikasi
The chromosomes start to elongate and not clearly visibleKromosom mula memanjang dan tidak jelas kelihatan
The chromosomes are at the equator planeKromosom berada di satahkhatulistiwa
The chromosomes are at the opposite poles in the cellKromosom berada pada kutub bertentangandalam sel
The chromosomes form twin chromatidsKromosom membentuk kromatidkembar
The homologous chromosomes are pairedKromosom homolog berpasangan
15 Diagram 11 shows the phases in the cell division.Rajah 11 menunjukkan fasa semasa pembahagian sel.
Prophase X Anaphase Y
Diagram 11/ Rajah 11
Which of the following statements is true about the chromosomes at stage X and Y?Antara pernyataan yang berikut, yang manakah benar tentang kromosom pada peringkat X dan Y?
A
B
C
D
16 The diploid chromosomal number of a cat is 38. If one of the homologous chromosome pairs does not separate during Meiosis I, how many chromosomes can be found in the gametes? Nombor kromosom diploid bagi seekor kucing ialah 38.Jika satu daripad pasangan kromosom homolog tidak terpisah semasa Meiosis I, berapakah bilangan kromosom yang mungkin didapatipada gamet?
A 18 B 19 C 37 D 38
17 If cells undergo mitosis repeatedly without undergoing cytokinesis, what will the result be?Sekiranya sel-sel menjalani mitosis berulangkali tanpa sitokinesis, apakah keputusan yang akan diperolehi?
A the cells will not be able to duplicate DNA / sel-sel tidak akan boleh menyalin DNA
B the number of chromosome will decrease/ bilangan kromosom akan berkurang
C the cells will contain many nuclei/ sel-sel akan mengandungi banyak nukleus
D the cells will lack nuclei / sel-sel tidak akan mengandungi nukleus.
SULIT 10 4551/1
Enzyme/Enzim Function/Fungsi
Rennin/ Renin Clots milk/mengentalkan susu
Pepsin Emulsifies milk/mengemulsikan susu
Trypsin/Tripsin Digest fat/mencernakan lemak
Erepsin Hydrolyses fat/menghidrolisiskan lemak
18 Which process occurs only in a liver cell?Proses manakah yang berlaku hanya di dalam sel hati?
A synthesis of new protoplasmsintesis protoplasma baru
C repair of damaged tissuesmembaiki tisu yang rosak
B synthesis of bilesintesis hempedu
D synthesis of plasma membranesintesis membran plasma
19 Diagram 12 shows a lamb suffering from a disease.Rajah 12 menunjukkan seekor kambing biri-biri yang menghidap sejenis penyakit.
Diagram 12/ Rajah 12
The lamb suffers the disease because lack ofKambing biri-biri itu menghidap penyakit tersebut kerana kekurangan
A carbohydrate B calcium C fibre D vitaminkarbohidrat kalsium serabut vitamin
20 Which of the following is true about the enzyme and its function?Antara yang berikut, yang manakah benar tentang jenis enzim dan fungsinya?
A
B
C
D
SULIT 11 4551/1
21 Table 1 shows the nutrient content in 100 g of various type of food.Jadual 1 menunjukkan kandungan nutrien dalam 100 g bagi beberapa jenis makanan.
FoodMakanan
Nutrient contentKandungan makanan
Protein/gProtein /g
Lipid/gLipid/g
Carbohydrate/gKarbohidrat/g
Calcium/mgKalsium/mg
Iron/mgFerum/mg
White breadRoti putih
8.0 1.7 54.3 100 1.7
Apple/Epal 0.3 0 12.0 4 0.3Butter/Mentega 0.5 82.5 0 15 0.1
Rice/Nasi 6.2 1.0 86.8 4 0.4Eggs/Telur 12.3 10.9 0 56 2.1
Table 1/Jadual 1
A student bleeds and fractured his bone during school sport practice.Based on Table 1, which types of food are suitable for the student for fast recovery?
Seorang murid mengalami luka dan patah tulang semasa menjalani latihan sukan.Berdasarkan Jadual 1, jenis makanan yang manakah sesuai diambil oleh murid itu supaya cepat sembuh?
A apple, rice, butter C eggs, apple, butterepal, nasi, mentega telur, epal, mentega
B white bread, eggs, rice D white bread, butter, appleroti putih, telur, nasi roti putih, mentega, epal
22 Diagram 13 shows the set up of an experiment to determine the calorific value ofa cashew nut.When 0.4 g of cashew nut is completely burnt, the temperature of water rises up from 30°C to 70°C. What is the energy value of the cashew nut?
Rajah 13 menunjukkan susunan radas eksperimen untuk menentukan nilai kalori bagi kacang gajus. Apabila 0.4 g kacang gajus dibakar sepenuhnya,suhu air meningkat daripada 30
0C kepada 70
0C.
Apakah nilai tenaga bagi kacang gajus tersebut ?( Specific heat capacity of water is 4.2 Jg °C / Muatan Haba Tentu Air = 4.2 Jg
0 C )
Diagram 13/ Rajah 13
A 1.4 kJg−¹ B 3.4 kJg−¹ C. 8.4 kJg−¹ D. 76.2 kJg−¹
SULIT 12 4551/1
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X YOxygen/oksigen Carbon dioxide/karbon dioksidaCarbon dioxide/karbon dioksida Oxygen/ oksigenOxygen/ oksigen Water/ airWater / air Oxygen/ oksigen
23 The following equation shows the process that takes place in the muscle cell of an athlete while doing the vigorous activity.Persamaan berikut menunjukkan proses yang berlaku dalam sel otot seorang atlet semasamelakukan aktiviti cergas.
Glucose R + energy
Glukosa R + tenaga
What is R?Apakah R?
A carbon dioxidekarbon dioksida
B lactic acidasid laktik
C ethanoletanol
D Waterair
24 Diagram 14 shows parts of the tracheal system of insects.Rajah 14 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada sistem trakea pada serangga.
Diagram 14/ Rajah 14
What are substances X and Y?Apakah bahan X dan Y?
A B C D
25 Diagram 15 shows a model of the lungs.Rajah 15 menunjukkan model peparu.
Diagram 15/ Rajah 15
SULIT 13 4551/1
P QVolume increases/Isipadu bertambah Expand/ MengembangVolume decreases/Isipadu berkurang Contract/MengecutPressure increases/Tekanan bertambah Expand/MengembangPressure decreases/Tekanan berkurang Contract/Mengecut
4551/2 © 2010 Hak Cipta JPM [Lihat sebelahSULIT
What will happen in P and in Q when the string is pulled downwards?Apakah yang berlaku di P dan Q semasa tali ditarik ke bawah?
A B C D
26 The following information shows the results of an experiment to determine the oxygen content in exhaled air using J-tube.Maklumat berikut menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen untuk menentukan kandungan oksigen di dalam udara hembusan dengan menggunakan tiub-J.
Length of exhaled air columPanjang turus udara hembusan = 15.0 cm
Length of exhaled air column after treatment with potassium hydroxidePanjang turus udara hembusan selepas dirawatdengan kalium hidroksida
= 13.9 cm
Length of exhaled air column after treatment with potassium pyrogallatePanjang turus udara hembusan selepas dirawatdengan kalium pirogalat
= 11.2 cm
The percentage of oxygen content in the exhaled air isPeratus kandungan oksigen dalam udara hembusan ialah
A 7.3 % B 18.0 % C 25.3.0% D 27.0 %
27 Diagram 16 shows part of the nitrogen cycle.Rajah 16 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada kitar nitrogen.
Diagram 16/ Rajah 16
SULIT 14 4551/1
4551/2 © 2010 Hak Cipta JPM [Lihat sebelahSULIT
The process is
Proses tersebut ialah
Name bacteria X.Namakan bakteria X.
A rhizobium B lactobacillus C nitrobacter D nitrosomonas
28 The following information is related to a process occurring in an ecosystem.Maklumat berikut adalah berkaitan dengan proses yang berlaku dalam suatu ekosistem.
The pioneer species is replaced by a new species which is more adapted to the habitat.Spesies perintis diganti oleh spesies baru yang lebih mengadaptasi dengan habitat.
The process occurs gradually over a long period of time.Proses berlaku beransur-ansur pada jangka masa yang panjang.
The process ends with a climax community.Proses berakhir dengan komuniti klimaks.
A colonisation C competitionkolonisasi persaingan
B succession D evolutionsesaran evolusi
29 Diagram 17 shows the distribution of mangroves at a river mouth.Rajah 17 menunjukkan taburan tumbuhan paya bakau di muara sungai.
Diagram 17Rajah 17
Which zone A, B, C and D is colonised by Sonneratia sp.?Antara zon A, B, C dan D yang manakah dikoloni oleh Sonneratia sp.?
SULIT 15 4551/1
4551/2 © 2010 Hak Cipta JPM [Lihat sebelahSULIT
30 A student tried to estimate the population of snails in his school garden. He caught andmarks 150 snails before releasing them back to the same garden. After 5 days, he caught 87 snails and found that 35 of them were unmarked. What is the estimated population of the snails in the garden?
Seorang pelajar cuba membuat anggaran populasi siput dalam taman sekolahnya. Dia menangkap dan menanda 150 siput sebelum melepaskan semula siput tersebut ke dalam taman yang sama. Selepas 5 hari, dia menangkap 87 siput dan mendapati 35 ekor daripadanya tidak bertanda. Apakah anggaran populasi siput dalam taman itu?
A. 20 B 90 C. 250 D 373
31 What is “biochemical oxygen demand ” (BOD)?Apakah maksud ” keperluan oksigen biokimia ” (BOD)?
A indicator of the amount of a water pollutantpenunjuk jumlah bahan pencemar dalam air
B indicator to measure the level of water pollutionpenunjuk untuk mengukur tahap pencemaran air
C the quantity of oxygen used by an aquatic organismkuantiti oksigen yang digunakan oleh suatu organisma akuatik
D the quantity of oxygen produced by an aquatic organismkuantiti oksigen yang dihasilkan oleh suatu organisma akuatik
32 Diagram 18 is a graph to show the relationship between the atmospheric gas Xconcentration and the temperature change from year 1992 to 2008.Rajah 18 ialah satu graf yang menunjukkan hubungan antara kepekatan gas X di atmosfera dan perubahan suhu dari tahun 1992 hingga 2008.
Diagram 18/ Rajah 18
SULIT 16 4551/1
4551/2 © 2010 Hak Cipta JPM [Lihat sebelahSULIT
What could be gas X?Apakah kemungkinan gas X?
A carbon monoxide C carbon dioxidekarbon monoksida karbon dioksida
B sulphur dioxide D chlorofluorocarbonsulfur dioksida kloroflorokarbon
33 Table 2 shows the result of an experiment to compare the quality of water from two areas, Rand S.Jadual 2 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen untuk membandingkan kualiti air dari dua kawasan Rdan S.
Water sampleSampel air
Time taken for methylene blue to be decolourised / minutesMasa diambil untuk pelunturan warna metilena biru / minit
Area RKawasan R
45
Area SKawasan S
22
Table 2Jadual 2
Which of the following statements explain the result of the experiment?Antara pernyataan berikut, yang manakah menerangkan keputusan eksperimen itu?
I Water sample from area R is more polluted than area SSampel air dari kawasan R lebih tercemar dari kawasan S
II Water sample from area R has lower B.O.D value than area SSampel air dari kawasan R mempunyai nilai B.O.D yang lebih rendah dari kawasan S
III Water sample from area R has less microorganism than area SSampel air dari kawasan R mempunyai bilangan mikroorganisma yang kurang dari kawasan S
IV Water sample with higher B.O.D value causes slow decolourisation of methylene blueSampel air yang mempunyai nilai B.O.D yang lebih tinggi menyebabkan pelunturan warna metilena biru perlahan
A I and III C II and IVI dan III II dan IV
B II and III D III and IVII dan III III dan IV
SULIT 17 4551/1
Diagram 19
4551/2 © 2010 Hak Cipta JPM [Lihat sebelahSULIT
34 The following steps are carried out to reduce damage to the environment.Langkah-langkah berikut dilaksanakan untuk mengurangkan kemusnahan terhadap alam sekitar.
I Replanting treesMenanam semula pokok
II Sharing transportBerkongsi kenderaan
III Reducing the usage of fossil fuelMengurangkan penggunaan bahan api fosil
IV Reducing the leftover of industrial solid wasteMengurangkan pembuangan sisa pepejal industry
Which of the following steps can help to reduce the problem of global warming?Antara langkah-langkah yang berikut, yang manakah boleh membantu mengurangkan masalah pemanasan global?
A I, II and III C I, III and IVI, II dan III I, III dan IV
B I, II and IV D II, III and IVI, II dan IV II, III dan IV
35 Diagram 19 shows a human heart.Rajah 19 menunjukkan jantung manusia.
Diagram 19/Rajah 19
The blood vessel U is theSalur darah U ialah
A aorta C pulmonary arteryaorta arteri pulmonari
B coronary artery D posterior vena cavaarteri koronari vena kava posterior
SULIT 18 4551/1
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36 Which of the following substances cause fibrinogen to change to fibrin?Antara bahan berikut, yang manakah menyebabkan fibrinogen bertukar kepada fibrin?
A vitamin K C calcium ionvitamin K ion kalsium
B thrombin D thrombokinasetrombin trombokinase
37 A gardener experiences non-stop bleeding after hurting his foot while gardening. What will happen if his blood is unable to clot?Seorang pekebun mengalami pendarahan tidak berhenti setelah kakinya tercedera semasaberkebun.Apakah akan terjadi jika darahnya tidak dapat membeku?
A Blood pressure decreases C The rate of heart beat increasesTekanan darah menurun Kadar denyutan jantung bertambah
B Blood capillaries enlarge D The rate of respiration increasesKapilari darah membesar Kadar respirasi bertambah
38 Diagram 20 shows the result of the ringing bark experiment of a plant stem .Rajah 20 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen satu batang pokok yang telah digelangkan.
Diagram 20/ Rajah 20
Which of the following tissue actually has been taken out from the ringing stem?Tisu yang manakah berikut telah disingkirkan daripada batang pokok yang digelangkan ?
A B C D
SULIT 19 4551/1
Diagram 22/ Rajah 22
4551/2 © 2010 Hak Cipta JPM [Lihat sebelahSULIT
39 Diagram 21 shows the level of antibodies in a patient’s blood after being immunised.Rajah 21 menunjukkan tahap antibodi dalam darah seorang pesakit setelah imunisasi.
Diagram 21/ Rajah 21
Which of the following is true about the immunity shown?Yang manakah antara yang berikut adalah benar tentang keimunan yang ditunjukkan?
I It provides temporary protection/ Ia memberikan perlindungan sementara
II The antiserum is injected into the patient’s body/ Antiserum tersebut disuntik ke dalam badan pesakit
III It provides immediate immunity against the disease/ Ia memberi immuniti yang serta- merta terhadap penyakit
IV White blood cells are stimulated to produce antibodies/Sel-sel darah putih dirangsangkan untuk menghasilkan antibodi
A II and III only C II, III and IV onlyII dan III sahaja II, III dan IV sahaja
B I, II and III only D I, II, III and IVI, II dan III sahaja I, II, III dan IV
40 Diagram 22 shows parts of the human skeletal system.Rajah 22 menunjukkan sebahagian daripada sistem rangka manusia
SULIT 20 4551/1
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What is X?Apakah X?
A ulnaulna
B scapulaskapula
C humerushumerus
D clavicleklavikel
41 Which of the following are parts of the axial skeleton in human?Antara berikut, yang manakah bahagian rangka aksial pada manusia?
A skull and clavicle/tengkorak dan klavikel
B pectoral girdle and pelvic girdle/lengkungan pektoral dan lengkungan pelvik
C pectoral girdle and rib cage/lengkungan pektoral dan tulang rusuk
D skull and vertebral column/tengkorak dan turus vertebra
42 P, Q, R and S in Diagram 23 are vertebrae found along the spine.P, Q, R dan S dalam Rajah 23 adalah vertebra yang terdapat di sepanjang tulang belakang.
Diagram 23/Rajah 23
Which of the following shows the correct arrangement of the vertebrae in the spine? Antara berikut, yang manakah menunjukkan susunan vertebra yang betul pada tulang belakang?
A R, S, P, Q C Q, R, S, P
B P, Q, R, S D S, P, R, Q
43 Diagram 24 shows a pair of breast muscles of two birds .The major pectoralis muscle of birdP is normal while the major pectoralis muscle of bird Q is abnormal.Rajah 24 menunjukkan pasangan otot dada dua ekor burung. Otot pektoralis major burung P adalah normal manakala otot pektoralis major burung Q adalah tidak normal.
Diagram 24/Rajah 24
SULIT 22 4551/1
DiseasePenyakit
CausesSebab
OsteoarthritisOsteoartritis
Thinning of the intervertebral discPenipisan cakera di antara vertebra
Rheumatoid arthritisArtritis reumatoid
Inflammation of the synovial membraneRadang membran sinovial
GoutGout
Uric acidAsid urik
Muscle crampKekejangan otot
Electrolyte imbalanceKetidakseimbangan elektrolit
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What is the effect of the abnormality on bird Q?Apakah kesan daripada ketidaknormalan itu pada burung Q?
A it can fly higheria boleh terbang lebih tinggi
B the upward movement of the wings is weakerpergerakan sayapnya ke atas lebih lemah
C the upward and downward movements of the wings are more rapid while flyingpergerakan sayapnya ke atas dan ke bawah lebih kerap semasa terbang
D the downward movement of the wings is weakerpergerakan sayapnya ke bawah lebih lemah
44 A middle age man has painful joints. Doctor diagnoses it as a type of arthritis and it is caused by his high protein diet. Name the disease and what causes the joint to be painful?
Seorang lelaki pertengahan umur mengalami sakit sendi. Doktor mendapati ia adalah sejenis arthritis dan disebabkan oleh pengambilan protein yang tinggi. Namakan penyakit tersebut dan punca yang menyebabkan sendi itu sakit?
A
B
C
D
SULIT 22 4551/1
4551/2 © 2010 Hak Cipta JPM [Lihat sebelahSULIT
STRUKTUR
1. Diagram 1.1 (a) and 1.1(b) shows the direction of a fish tail and the condition ofmuscle R in the fish tissue.
Rajah 1.1(a) dan 1.1 (b) menunjukkan arah pergerakan ekor ikan dan keadaan otot R yang terdapat dalam tisu ikan.
Diagram 1.1(a) Diagram 1.1(b)Rajah 1.1(a) Rajah 1.1(b)
Based on Diagram 1.1(a) and Diagram 1.1(b) ,Berdasarkan Rajah 1.1(a) dan Rajah 1.1(b),
(a) (i) name muscle R.namakan otot R.
…………………………………………………………........…………………………………………..[1 mark]
(ii) state one characteristic of muscle Rnyatakan satu ciri otot R
………………………………………………………….........…………………………………………..[1 mark]
4(a)(i)
1
4(a)(ii)
1
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SULIT 11 4551/2
forExaminer’s
(b) Explain the action of muscle R that enable fish to swim.Terangkan tindakan otot R yang membolehkan ikan berenang.
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……………........…………………………………………………………………………………………..[3 marks]
(c) Diagram 1.2 shows another fish that is injured in its dorsal fin.Rajah 1.2 menunjukkan seekor ikan lain yang tercedera sirip dorsalnya.
Diagram 1.2Rajah 1.2
Explain how this injury affects its movement.Terangkan bagaimana kecederaan ini menjejaskan pergerakan ikan tersebut.
……………………………………………………………………………….....………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………….....………………………..
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[2 marks]
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Use
4(b)
3
4(c)
2
SULIT 12 4551/2 for Examiner’s
Use
(d) Diagram 1.3 shows locomotion in a grasshopper.Rajah 1.3 menunjukkan pergerakan seekor belalang.
Diagram 1.3Rajah 1.3
(i) Based on Diagram 1.3, explain how the extensor and flexor muscles help the grasshopper in jumping.Berdasarkan Rajah 1.3, terangkan bagaimana otot ekstensor dan fleksor kaki belalang membolehkan belalang melompat.
.......……………………………………………………………………………………..................…
..……………………………………………………………………............................……………..
.……………………………………………………………….............………………………………..
…….…………………………………………………………...............………………………………..
4(d)(i)
(2 marks)2
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SULIT 13 4551/2for
Examiner’s Use
(ii) The flexor muscle of the grasshopper in Diagram 1.3 is injured.Explain how this condition affects the jumping of the grasshopper.
Otot fleksor kaki belakang belalang seperti dalam rajah 1.3 telah tercedera.Berdasarkan Rajah 1.3 dan maklumat yang diberikan, terangkan bagaimana keadaan ini mempengaruhi lompatan belalang tersebut.
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..………………………………………………...............…………………………………………..
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….………………………………………………...........…………………………………………..(3 marks)
4(d)(ii)
26. B27. C28. B29. B30. D31. C32. C33. B34. A35. B36. B37. A38. C39. B40. C41. D42. D43. D44. C
JAWAPAN
B i o l o g i 1 A n s w e r P e p e r i k s aa n S e l a r a s 1 (Ting.5)
1. D2. C3. A4. D5. B6. A7. C8. B9. D10. B11. B12. D13. A14. C15. C16. A17. C18. B19. D20. A21. B22. C23. B24. A25. A
ItemNum.
Answer Marks Remark
1(a)(i)
(a)(ii)
Able to name muscle R
A n s w e r :
Myotome
Able to state one characteristic of muscle R
A n s w e r :
When the muscles on one side contract, those on the other side relax
1
1
1
1
(b) Able to explain the action of muscle R that enable fish to swim.
S a m p l e A n s w er s :
P1 When the muscles on one side contract, those on the other side relax
P2 The body bends toward the side ofmyotome muscle that contract
P3 Alternating waves of contraction and relaxation pass down from head to tail
1
1
1 3
(c) Able to explain how the injury affect its movement.
S a m p l e a n s w er s :
Become unstable in water leading to Yawing (side way movement) and Rolling (transverse plane movement)
11 2
ItemNum.
Answer Marks Remark
(d) Able to explain how the leg muscles help the grasshopper in jumping
P1 In the position at rest (flexor muscle contracts), the hind leg folded in the Z-shaped/ poised for a jump
P2 When extensor muscle contracts (the flexor muscle relaxes), the hind leg jerk backward, grasshopper jump
1
1 2