BIS_water stds.pdf

INDIAN STANDARDS ON DRINKING WATER QUALITY

BIS presentation for INDO-US Digital Video Conferencing on Water Standards

Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), erstwhile ISI, works under the aegis of Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, Govt. of India.

It is governed by Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986 and Rules and Regulations framed there under.

BIS has been entrusted the job of formulation of National Standards under an Act of Parliament.

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

STANDARD FORMULATION PROCEDURE

Standards are formulated through Technical Committees / Division councils.Interests Represented in Technical Committees

ManufacturersConsumersTechnologistsRegulatorsR & D Institutions

Consensus principle as per ISO/IEC Guide.Documents sent for wide circulation for public comments before finalization.

INDIAN STANDARDS ON DRINKING WATER QUALITY

IS 10500:1991* Indian Standard - Drinking water –Specification (First Revision)

IS 13428:2005 Indian Standard - Packaged natural mineral water – Specification (Second Revision)

IS 14543:2004 Indian Standard - Packaged drinking water (other than packaged natural mineral water) – Specification (First Revision)

* IS 10500 is currently under second revision.

DEFINITIONSDRINKING WATER

Water from any potable water source including public drinking water supply systems.

DEFINITIONS

Packaged drinking water means water derived from surface water or underground water or sea water which is subjected to hereinunder specified treatments, namely,

decantation, filtration, combination of filtration, aerations, filtration with membrane filter depth filter, cartridge filter, activated carbon filtration, demineralization, remineralization, reverse osmosis and packed after disinfecting the water to a level that shall not lead to any harmful contamination in the drinking water by means of chemical agents or physical methods to reduce the number of microorganisms to a level beyond scientifically accepted level for food safety or its suitability: Cont…

DEFINITIONSPACKAGED DRINKING WATER (OTHER THAN

PACKAGED NATURAL MINERAL WATER)

DEFINITIONS

Provided that sea water, before being subjected to the above treatments, shall be subjected to desalination and related processes. It shall be filled in sealed containers of various compositions, forms and capacities that is suitable for direct consumption without further treatment. In case remineralization is a part of the treatment process, the ingredients used shall be food grade quality and conform to the requirements of the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954 and the Rules framed thereunder.’

DEFINITIONSPACKAGED DRINKING WATER (OTHER THAN

PACKAGED NATURAL MINERAL WATER)

DEFINITIONS

Water clearly distinguishable from ordinary drinking water because:it is obtained directly from natural or drilled sources from underground water-bearing strata for which all possible precautions should be taken within the protected perimeters to avoid any pollution of, or external influence on, the chemical and physical qualities;it is characterized by its content of certain mineral salts and their relative proportions and the presence of trace elements or of other constituents;

Cont…….

DEFINITIONSPACKAGED NATURAL MINERAL WATER

DEFINITIONS

of the constancy of its composition and the stability of its discharge and its temperature, due account being taken of the cycles of minor natural fluctuations;it is collected under conditions which guarantee the original microbiological purity and chemical composition of essential components;it is packaged close to the point of emergence of the source with particular hygienic precautions; andit is not subjected to any treatment other than those permitted by this standard.

DEFINITIONSPACKAGED NATURAL MINERAL WATER

Naturally carbonated natural mineral waterNon-carbonated natural mineral waterDecarbonated natural mineral waterNatural mineral water fortified with carbon dioxide from the source.Carbonated natural mineral water

TYPES OF NATURAL MINERAL WATERTYPES OF NATURAL MINERAL WATER

Treatments permitted include separation from unstable constituents, such as compounds containing iron, manganese, sulphur or arsenic, by recantation and/or simple filtration up to 0.5 microns, if necessary, accelerated by previous aeration.The treatments may only be carried out on condition that the mineral content of the water is not modified in its essential constituents, which give the water its properties.The transport of natural mineral waters in bulk containers for packaging or for any other process before packaging is prohibited.

TREATMENT AND HANDLINGpermitted for NATURAL MINERAL WATER

This standard was originally published in 1998. In preparing this standard, assistance had been derived from the following:

a) Manual on water supply and treatment (third edition), 1991, prepared by the expert committee constituted under the Ministry of Urban Development, New Delhi.

b) Codex Code of practice for collecting, processing and marketing of natural mineral waters (CAC/RCP 33- 1985).

c) EEC Directive, 80/778/EEC relating to the quality of water intended for human consumption.

The first revision has been undertaken to incorporate six amendments along with the technological developments, check listfor hygienic requirements and consumer requirements.

IS 14543:2004Indian Standard - Packaged drinking water (other than packaged

natural mineral water) – Specification (First Revision)

This standard was published in 1992. In preparing this standard, assistance had been derived from EEC Directive, 80/778/EEC relating to the quality of water intended for human consumption.

It was subsequently revised in 1998 to align with the revised Codex Standard for natural mineral water and to include hygienic practices in line with Codex (CAC/RCP 33- 1985) ‘Code of practice for collecting, processing and marketing of natural mineral waters’.

The second revision has been undertaken to incorporate five amendments along with the technological developments, check list for hygienic requirements, and consumer requirements.

IS 13428:2005Indian Standard - Packaged natural mineral water) – Specification

(Second Revision)

SCOPE

IS 14543:2004 IS 13428:2005

This standard prescribes the requirements and methods of sampling and test for packaged drinking water (other than natural mineral water) offered for sale in packaged form.

This standard prescribes the requirements and methods of sampling and test for natural mineral waters offered for sale in packaged form for human consumption.

NOTE – It does not apply to natural mineral water sold or used for other purposes.

SCOPE

Characteristic IS 14543:2004 IS 13428 :2005

Escherichia coli (or thermotolerant bacteria) absent in 250 ml sample

absent in 250 ml sample

Coliform bacteria absent in 250 ml sample


Faecal streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus absent in 250 ml sample


Sulphite reducing anaerobes absent in 50 ml sample


Pseudomonas aeruginosa absent in 250 ml sample


Cont…….

MICROBIOLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS


Characteristic IS 14543:2004 IS 13428:2005

Aerobic Microbial Count -at 20 to 22°C in 72 h

- at 37°C in 24 h

shall not exceed 100 per ml

shall not exceed 20 per ml

--NS--

Yeast and Mould absent in 250 ml sample


Salmonella and Shigella absent in 250 ml sample


Vibrio cholera and V. parahaemolyticus absent in 250 ml sample




Colour, true colour units, Max 2 2

Odour Agreeable Agreeable

Taste Agreeable Agreeable

Turbidity, NTU, Max 2 2

Total dissolved solids, mg/l 500 150 TO 700

pH value 6.5 TO 8.5 6.5 TO 8.5

ORGANOLEPTIC & PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS


Barium (as Ba), mg/l, Max 1.0 1.0

Copper (as Cu), mg/l, Max 0.05 1.0

Iron (as Fe), mg/l, Max 0.1 --NS--

Manganese (as Mn), mg/l, Max 0.1 2.0

Nitrate (as NO3), mg/l, Max 45 50

Nitrite (as NO2), mg/l, Max 0.02 0.02

Fluoride (as F), mg/l, Max 1.0 1.0

Zinc (as Zn), mg/l, Max 5 5

Silver (as Ag), mg/l, Max 0.01 0.01

Aluminium (as Al), mg/l, Max 0.03 --NS--

Cont…….

GENERAL PARAMETERS CONCERNING SUBSTANCES UNDESIRABLE IN

EXCESSIVE AMOUNTS


Chloride (as Cl), mg/l, Max 200 200

Selenium (as Se), mg/l, Max 0.01 0.05

Sulphate (as SO4), mg/l, Max 200 200

Alkalinity (as HCO3), mg/l, Max 200 75 to 400

Calcium (as Ca), mg/l, Max 75 100

Magnesium (as Mg), mg/l, Max 30 50

Sodium (as Na), mg/l, Max 200 150

Residual free chlorine, mg/l, Max 0.2 --NS--

Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH), mg/l, Max Absent Absent

Mineral Oil, mg/l, Max Absent Absent

GENERAL PARAMETERS CONCERNING SUBSTANCES UNDESIRABLE IN EXCESSIVE AMOUNTS

Cont…….


EXCESSIVE AMOUNTS

GENERAL PARAMETERS CONCERNING SUBSTANCES UNDESIRABLE IN EXCESSIVE AMOUNTS


Anionic surface active agents (as MBAS), mg/l, Max

0.2 Not detectable

Sulphide (as H2S), mg/l, Max 0.05 0.05Antimony (as Sb), mg/l, Max 0.005 0.005Borate (as B), mg/l, Max 5 5


EXCESSIVE AMOUNTS

PARAMETERS CONCERNING TOXIC SUBSTANCES


Mercury (as Hg), mg/l, Max 0.001 0.001

Cadmium (as Cd), mg/l, Max 0.01 0.003Arsenic (as As), mg/l, Max 0.05 0.05Cyanide (as CN), mg/l, Max Absent AbsentLead (as Pb), mg/l, Max 0.01 0.01Chromium (as Cr), mg/l, Max 0.05 0.05Nickel (as Ni), mg/l, Max 0.02 0.02Polychlorinated biphenyle (PCB) Not detectable Not detectablePolynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons Not detectable Not detectable




Alpha emitters, Bq/l, Max 0.1 0.1

Beta emitters, Bq/l, Max 1 1

PARAMETERS CONCERNING RADIO ACTIVE RESIDUES

IS 14543:2004 IS 13428:2005

The maximum limit of the pesticide residues for pesticides as given in Annex D shall be as follows:

Residues of pesticides for pesticides as given in Annex N shall be below the detectable limitsParametersParameters LimitsLimits

Pesticide residues considered individually

Not more than 0.0001 mg/1

Total pesticide residue

Not more than 0.0005 mg/1

Cont…….

PESTICIDE RESIDUES LIMITS

Test MethodsSl. No. Name of PesticideUSEPA AOAC

11 DDT (o,p & p,p- isomers of DDT, DDE & DDD)

508 990.06

22 g-HCH (Lindane) 508 990.06

33 a, b & d -HCH 508 990.06

44 Endosulfan (a, b andSulphate)

508 990.06

55 Monocrotophos 8141A -

66 Ethion 1657A -

77 Chlorpyrifos 525.2, 8141A -

88 Phorate (Phorate and its oxygen analogue i.e. phorate sulphoxide and phorate sulphone)

8141A -

Cont…….

ANNEX D OF IS 14543:2004 AND ANNEX N OF IS 13428:2005

ANNEX D OF IS 14543:2004 AND ANNEX D OF IS 14543:2004 AND ANNEX N OF IS 13428:2005ANNEX N OF IS 13428:2005

99 2,4-D 515.1 -1010 Butachlor 525.2, 8141A -1111 Isoproturon 5321212 Alachor 525.2, 507 -1313 Atrazine 525.2, 8141A -1414 Methyl Parathion ( Methyl

Parathion and its oxygen analogue i.e. methyl-paraoxon )

8141A ISO 10695

1515 Malathion ( Malathion and its oxygen analogue i.e. malaoxon )

8141A

1616 Aldrin and dieldrin 525.2 990.06

ANNEX D OF IS 14543:2004 AND ANNEX N OF IS 13428:2005

IS 14543:2004 and 13428:2005 prescribes hygienic practices for collection, processing, handling, packaging and marketing of source water and also give a checklist for good hygienic practices and food safety system for packaged water processing units and packaged natural mineral water processing units respectively.

HYGIENIC CONDITIONS

Packaged drinking water and natural mineral water shall be packed in clean, hygienic, colorless, transparent and tamperproof bottles/containers, made of polyethylene (PE) conforming to IS 10146 or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) conforming to IS 10151 or polypropylene conforming to IS 10910 or polyalkylene terephthalate (PET and PBT) conforming to IS 12252 or polycarbonate conforming to IS 14971 or polystyrene conforming to IS 10142 or sterile glass bottles suitable for preventing possible adulteration or contamination of the water or polyethylene bags conforming to IS 15609. Plastic containers shall be conforming to IS 15410.

All packaging materials of plastic origin shall pass the overall migration and colour migration limits as laid down in the relevant Indian Standards for products for respective packaging material when tested as per method given in IS 9845

PACKING

No claims concerning medicinal (preventative, alleviative or curative) effects shall be made in respect of the properties of the product covered by the standard. Claims of other beneficial effects related to the health of the consumer shall not be made.The name of the locality, hamlet or specified place may not form part of the brand name unless it refers to a packaged drinking water collected processed at the place designated by that brand name.The use of any statement or of any pictorial device which may create confusion in the mind of the public or in any way mislead the public about the nature, origin, composition and properties of drinking water is prohibited.

LABELLING PROHIBITIONS

Packaged Drinking Water and Packaged Natural Mineral Water are under

mandatory BIS certification as per the PFA Rules, 1955 administered by

Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India.

This standard was originally published in 1983 with the objective of assessing the quality of water resources, and to check the effectiveness of water treatment and supply by the concerned authorities.

IS 10500:1991Indian Standard – Drinking water – Specification (First Revision)

a) International Standards for Drinking Water issued by World Health Organization, 1984 Geneva;

b) Manual of Standards of Quality for Drinking Water Supplies. Indian Council of Medical Research, 1971, New Delhi; and

c) Manual on Water Supply and Treatment ( third revision ), Ministry of Urban Development, 1989, New Delhi.

In the formulation of this standard, assistance has been derived from the following publications:

The first revision was undertaken to take into account the update information available about the nature and effect of various contaminants as also the new techniques for identifying and determining their concentration and the first revision was published in 1991.



SCOPE

The standard prescribes the requirements for the essential and desirable characteristics required to be tested for ascertaining the suitability of water for drinking purpose.

SCOPE

The standard mentions the desirable limit and indicates its background. It is recommended that the ‘Desirable limit’ is to be implemented. Values in excess of those mentioned under ‘Desirable’ render the water not acceptable, but still may be tolerated in the absence of alternative source but up to the limit indicated under ‘Permissible limit in the absence of alternate source’ above which the sources will have to rejected.

REQUIREMENTS

Sl. No.

Substance or Characteristic Requirement (Desirable Limit)

Permissible limit in the Absence of Alternate source

1 Colour, Hazen units, Max 5 25

2 Odour Unobjectionable -

3 Taste Agreeable -

4 Turbidity, NTU, Max 5 10

5 Dissolved solids, mg/l, Max 500 2000

6 pH value 6.5 to 8.5 No relaxation

7 Total hardness (as CaCO3), mg/l, Max

300 600

ORGANOLEPTIC & PHYSICAL REQUIREMENTS

Sl. No.



1 Copper (as Cu), mg/l, Max 0.05 1.5

2 Iron (as Fe), mg/l, Max 0.3 1.0

3 Manganese (as Mn), mg/l, Max 0.1 0.3

4 Nitrate (as NO3)mg/l, Max

45 No relaxation

5 Fluoride (as F) mg/l, Max 1.0 1.5

6 Zinc (as Zn), mg/l, Max 5 15

7 Aluminium (as Al), mg/l, Max 0.03 0.2

8 Chlorides (as Cl), mg/l, Max 250 1000


EXCESSIVE AMOUNTS

Cont…….

Sl. No.



9 Selenium (as Se), mg/l, Max 0.01 No relaxation

10 Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l, Max 200 400(May be extended upto 400 provided that Mg does not exceed 30)

11 Alkalinity, mg/l, Max 200 600

12 Calcium (as Ca),mg/l, Max

75 200

13 Magnesium (as Mg), mg/l, Max 30 100

14 Residual, Free chlorine, mg/l, Min

0.2(To be applicable only when water is chlorinated. When protection against viral infection is required, it should be Min0.5 mg/l)

-


EXCESSIVE AMOUNTS

Cont…….

Sl. No.



15 Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH) mg/l, Max

0.001 0.002

16 Mineral Oil, mg/l, Max 0.01 0.03

17 Anionic detergents (as MBAS), mg/l, Max

0.2 1.0

18 Boron (as B), mg/l, Max 1 5


EXCESSIVE AMOUNTS

Sl. No.

Substance or Characteristic

Requirement (Desirable Limit)


1 Mercury (as Hg), mg/l, Max

0.001 No relaxation

2 Cadmium (as Cd), mg/l, Max

0.01 No relaxation

3 Arsenic (as As), mg/l, Max 0.01 No relaxation

4 Cyanide (as CN), mg/l, Max

0.05 No relaxation

5 Lead (as Pb), mg/l, Max 0.05 No relaxation

6 Chromium (as Cr6+), mg/l, Max

0.05 No relaxation

7 Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (as PAH), mg/l, Max

NS † NS †

8 Pesticides mg/l Max Absent 0.001


Sl. No.

Substance or Characteristic

Requirement (Desirable Limit)


1 Radioactive materials

a) Alpha emitters Bq/l, Max

- 0.1

b) Beta emitterspci/l, Max

- 1

PARAMETERS CONCERNING RADIO ACTIVE RESIDUES

WATER IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Through out any year, 95% of samples should not contain any coliform organism in 100 ml;No sample should contain E. coli in 100 ml;No sample should contain more than 10 coliform organisms per 100 ml; andColiform organisms should not be detectable in 100 ml of any two consecutive samples.

UNPIPED WATER SUPPLIES

Bacteriologically, the Objective should be to reduce the coliform count to less than 10 per 100 ml, but more importantly to ensurethe absence of faecal coliform organisms.

BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER

10500:1991 has a section on Virological Examination of Drinking Water but it does not specify any limit for viruses in Drinking Water

VIROLOGICAL QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER

CURRENT STATUS OF IS 10500

The standard is presently under second revision which has been undertaken to upgrade the requirements of the standard and align with the internationally available specifications on Drinking Water.

CURRENT STATUS OF IS 10500

EU Directives relating to the quality of water intended for human consumption (80/778/EEC) and Council Directive 98/83/EC.USEPA standard – National primary drinking water standard. EPA 816-F-02-013 dated July, 2002.WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality. 3rd

Edition, 2004Manual on Water supply and treatment, third edition

– revised and updated May 1999, Ministry of Urban Development, New Delhi.

DOCUMENTS BEING CONSIDERED IN THE SECOND REVISION

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