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Bit ManagementJohn Watkinson

David Felland

Jim Kutzner

QG San Francisco Public Television Quality Workshop

John WatkinsonJohn Watkinson is an international consultant in audio, video and data recording. He is a Fellow of the AES, a member of the British Computer Society and a chartered information systems practitioner. He presents lectures, seminars, conference papers and training courses worldwide. He is the author of the Kraszna-Krausz award winning “MPEG-2” book; The Art of Digital Audio; An Introduction to Digital Video; The Art of Sound Reproduction; An Introduction to Digital Audio; TV Fundamentals and Audio for Television. He is also co-author, with Francis Rumsey, of The Digital Interface Handbook, and contributor to the Loudspeaker and Headphone Handbook, 3rd edition.

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Bit Management How compression works and how it doesn't

work

Efficient things to do in a compressed environment

Signal formats that work with compression and multi-resolution and those that don't

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Bit Management Why less can be more

Why compression is not a production tool

Bringing generation loss back to the digital domain

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OTA Bit Management New impacts on your transport stream

Better coding efficiency in new HD encoders○ Claims of 10-15% improvement realized○ Potential for two 720p HD services in one

transport stream – or other servicesMore SD services from which to chooseMobile DTVFixed and Mobile DTV Data Services

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Sampling of Current Practice Surveyed the ETAC

1-3 OTA servicesDifferent services plans among all membersFocus on HD + national/local SD services

HD rates range from 10 - 17 Mb/s

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HD SD1 SD2 SD3 SD4 PSIP Data

#13 11 6 - - - 180k 128k

#14 10 3 3 - - 150k 1M+

300k

ETAC Members’ OTA

Pink = Stat Mux Pool

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DTV Spectrum Usage:ETAC Member #1

~15 Mbps

~3 Mbps

150 kbps128 kbps

• HD program

• PSIP• SD program

• Data/Ancillary

19

.4 M

b/s

DT

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DTV Spectrum Usage:ETAC Member #2

~12 Mbps

~2.5 Mbps250 kbps

1Mbps+128 kbps

• HD program

• PSIP

• SD program

• Data/Ancillary

~2.5 Mbps • SD program

19

.4 M

b/s

DT

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ETAC Member #1:One Mobile Service (Mixed)

~13.5 Mbps

19

.4 M

b/s

DT

V T

ran

sp

ort

S

tre

am

~2.5 Mbps

150 kbps128 kbps

• HD program

• PSIP• SD program

• Data/Ancillary~2 Mbps • Mobile program

Sta

t M

ux

Po

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ETAC Member #2:One Mobile Service (Mixed)

~11 Mbps

~2 Mbps250 kbps

1Mbps+128 kbps

• HD program

• PSIP• SD program

• Data/Ancillary

~2 Mbps • SD program

19

.4 M

b/s

DT

V T

ran

sp

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~2 Mbps • Mobile program

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DTV Spectrum Usage:ETAC Member #14

~10 Mbps

~3 Mbps

150 kbps

1Mbps

• HD program

• PSIP• SD program

• Data/Ancillary

~3 Mbps • SD program

19

.4 M

b/s

DT

V T

ran

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OTA Bit Management Options for broadcasters

Reduced horizontal resolution (1440 vs 1920)Noise reduction of both HD and SD720p vs. 1080i☺☺

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Video Examples

San Francisco Public Television Quality Workshop

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Questions?

San Francisco Public Television Quality Workshop