Bitumen Emultion as Soil Stabiliser

8/17/2019 Bitumen Emultion as Soil Stabiliser

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SEMINAR ON “STUDY OFBITUMEN EMULSION AS A SOIL

STABILISER”

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Geotechnical Aspect of Pavement

• Important role in road planning de!igning "on!tr#"ting

and maintaining $or a d#ra%le and "o!t e$$e"ti&e pa&ement

• Ma'or tran!it mode

•Di$$erent !oil! in India• laterite %la"( "otton mo#ntain red !oil all#&ial !oil de!ert !oil

!aline al(aline !oil and peat !oil depo!it!

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Geotechnical Aspect of Pavement (cont.)

• Soil propertie! dominate t)e de!ign• !ti$$ne!! and*or !trengt) o$ t)e #n%o#nd material! +i,e, t)e

"o)e!ion and $ri"tion angle $rom tria-ial te!t!. are not needed $or

de!ign

• Strengt) indi"e! li(e t)e /ali$ornia Bearing Ratio +/BR.• Re"entl0 dire"t !ti$$ne!! te!ting &ia t)e re!ilient mod#l#! +MR.

• !trengt) and !ti$$ne!! are #!#all0 "lo!el0 "orrelated in mo!t

geomaterial!

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Geotechnical Aspect of Pavement (cont.)

• Soil propertie! dominate t)e $ail#re o$ per$orman"e• moi!t#re*drainage $ree1e*t)a2 and "ontamination +material $rom

one la0er intermi-ing 2it) anot)er.

• /ompre!!i%ilit0

• t)ermal "ra"(ing lo2 !(id re!i!tan"e and ot)er! T)e in$l#en"e$a"tor! on t)e!e ot)er di!tre!!e! i! generall0 3#ite !mall

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4eote")ni"al 5ropertie! &! Fail#re! o$ pa&ement

Insuff. Base

Stiffness /

Strenth

Insuff.

Su!ra"e

Stiffness /

Strenth

#oisture /

$rainae

Pro!lems

%ree&e / 'ha Sellin ontamination *rosion Spatial

+aria!ilit,

%atiue

rac-in

6 6 6 6 6

uttin 6 6 6 6 6

orruations 6

Bumps 6 6 6

$epressions 6 6 6 6 6

Potholes 6 6 6

ouhness 6 6 6 6 6 6 6


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Sensitivit, of Pavement $esin to Geotechnical

%actors

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Sensitivit, of Pavement $esin to Geotechnical

%actors (cont.)


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Appro-imate pa&ement "o!t $or &ar0ing !#%grade !#pport

"ondition! +B,7andre.


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Soil Improvement

• Di$$erent lo"ation! re3#ire di$$erent treatment a""ording to

t)e intended geote")ni"al propertie!,

• Impro&ed propertie! !a&e lot! o$ e$$ort! in "on!tr#"tion

"o!t o$ "on!tr#"tion and maintenan"e o$ pa&ement,

• !in"e t)e era o$ Romanian rep#%li"


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!5ectives of Soil Sta!ili&ation

• A! a "on!tr#"tion plat$orm to dr0 &er0 2et !oil! and

$a"ilitate "ompa"tion o$ t)e #pper la0er!8$or t)i! "a!e t)e

!ta%ili1ed !oil i! #!#all0 not "on!idered a! a !tr#"t#ral

la0er in t)e pa&ement de!ign pro"e!!,

• To !trengt)en a 2ea( !oil and re!tri"t t)e &ol#me ")ange

potential o$ a )ig)l0 pla!ti" or "ompre!!i%le !oil8$or t)i!

"a!e t)e modi$ied !oil i! #!#all0 gi&en !ome !tr#"t#ral

&al#e or "redit in t)e pa&ement de!ign pro"e!!,

• To red#"e moi!t#re !#!"epti%ilit0 o$ $ine grain !oil!,

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Sta%ili!ation Met)od! $or pa&ement! +$rom Rolling! and Rolling!

9::;.#etho" Soil *ffect emar-s

Blen"in Moderatel0 pla!ti" None Too di$$i"#lt to mi-

Ot)er! Impro&e gradation

Red#"e pla!ti"it0

Red#"e %rea(age

7ime 5la!ti" Dr0ing Rapid

Immediate !trengt) gain Rapid

Red#"e pla!ti"it0 Rapid

/oar!en te-t#re Rapid

Long8term po11olani" "ementing Slo2

/oar!e 2it) $ine! Same a! 2it) pla!ti" !oil! Dependent on 3#antit0 o$ pla!ti" $ine!

Nonpla!ti" None

ement 5la!ti" Similar to lime Le!! prono#n"ed

/ementing o$ grain!


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haracteristics of Sta!ili&e" Soils

• Impro&ed !trengt) and !ti$$ne!!

• Red#"ed "ompre!!i%ilit0 and !2elling potential

• Re!i!tan"e to entering o$ 2ater or )0drop)o%i" propertie!

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4#ide $or !ele"tion o$ admi-t#re !ta%ili1ation

met)od+!. +A#!troad! 9::>.

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Bitumen sta!ili&ation

• a!p)alt8!ta%ili1ed !oil! are #!ed $or %a!e and !#%%a!e

"on!tr#"tion• !and8%it#men 2)i") prod#"e! !trengt) in "o)e!ionle!! !oil! !#")

a! "lean !and! or a"t! a! a %inder or "ementing agent

• !oil8%it#men 2)i") !ta%ili1e! t)e moi!t#re "ontent o$ "o)e!i&e $ine8grained !oil!

• !and8gra&el %it#men 2)i") pro&ide! "o)e!i&e !trengt) and

2aterproo$! pit8r#n gra&ell0 !oil! 2it) in)erent $ri"tional !trengt)

• Note?8 Treatment o$ !oil! "ontaining $ine! in e-"e!! o$ @ i! not

re"ommended

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C)at i! di$$erent in %it#men !ta%ili!ation

• 2aterproo$ing and ad)e!ion

• 7ol#me &! 2ater "ontent 8 !oil agglomerate! are "oated

2it) a!p)alt t)at pre&ent! or !lo2!

• Strengt) &! 2ater "ontent 8 in"rea!e! !)ear !trengt) %0

in"rea!ing "o)e!ion

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t)ree %a!i" t0pe! o$ %it#mino#!8!ta%ili1ed !oil!

• Sand bitumen

• Gravel or crushed aggregate bitumen

• Bitumen lime

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t0pe! o$ %it#mino#! material! &! t)e !oil

gradation• Open8graded aggregate,

• Rapid8 and medi#m8"#ring li3#id a!p)alt! R/8@ R/8> and M/8,

• Medi#m8!etting a!p)alt em#l!ion MS8@ and /MS8@,

• Cell8graded aggregate 2it) little or no material pa!!ing t)e ,G

mm +No, @. !ie&e,• Rapid and medi#m8"#ring li3#id a!p)alt! R/8@ R/8> M/8@ and

M/8>,

• Slo28"#ring li3#id a!p)alt! S/8@ and S/8>,

• Medi#m8!etting and !lo28!etting a!p)alt em#l!ion! MS8@ /MS8@ SS89

and /SS89,

• Aggregate 2it) a "on!idera%le per"entage o$ $ine aggregate! and

material pa!!ing t)e ,G mm +No, @. !ie&e,• Medi#m8"#ring li3#id a!p)alt M/8@ and M/8>,

• Slo28"#ring li3#id a!p)alt! S/8@ and S/8>

• Slo28!etting a!p)alt em#l!ion! SS89 SS89) /SS89 and /SS8l),

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Re"ommended gradation! $or %it#mino#!8!ta%ili1ed

!#%grade material! +Hoint Department! o$ t)e Arm0

and Air For"e 9::.,

Sieve Si&e Percent Passin

8mm (38in.) 9

4.8mm (94) 89

0668:m (936) >89

8:m (9266) @8

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Sta!ili&ation ith 7ime8ement an" 7ime8

Bitumen

• /om%ination

• "la0 area! or )ig) pla!ti" !oil!

• Lime to !ta%ili1e pla!ti"it0 and %it#men a! a primar0

!ta%ili1er

• Al!o a! anti !triping agent

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Bitumen *mulsion

• C)at i! em#l!ion

• lo2 &i!"o!it0

• good penetration and !preading "apa"it0

• anioni" or "ationi"• rapid !etting +RS. medi#m !etting +MS. and !lo2 !etting

+SS.

• En&ironmental parameter! o&er "#t %a"(

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A"mi;ture $esinDe!ign o$ admi-t#re! ta(e! on a !imilar pro"e!! regardle!! o$ t)e admi-t#re

t0pe,

Step 1. /la!!i$0 !oil to %e !ta%ili1ed,• + J ,G mm 8 No, @ !ie&e J ,@ mm 8 No, Sie&e 5I et",.

• Step 2. 5repare trial mi-e! 2it) &ar0ing "ontent,• Lime? Sele"t lo2e!t 2it) p< K 9@, in 9 )o#r

• /ement? U!e ta%le to e!timate "ement "ontent re3#irement!

• A!p)alt? U!e e3#ation ta%le in Appendi- F to e!timate t)e 3#antit0 o$ "#t%a"( a!p)alt

• Step 3. De&elop moi!t#re8den!it0 relation!)ip $or initial de!ign,• Step 4. 5repare tripli"ate !ample! and "#re !pe"imen! at target den!it0,

• U!e optim#m 2ater "ontent and initial admi-t#re @ and

• Step . Determine inde- !trengt),• Lime and /ement? Determine #n"on$ined "ompre!!i&e !trengt) +ASTM D 9@.

• A!p)alt? Determine Mar!)all !ta%ilit0

• Step 0. Determine re!ilient mod#l#! $or optim#m per"ent admi-t#re,• 5er$orm te!t or e!timate #!ing "orrelation! +See /)apter .

• Step . /ond#"t $ree1e8t)a2 te!t! +Regional a! re3#ired.,• +For /ement /FA L8/8FA.

• Step . Sele"t to a")ie&e minim#m de!ign !trengt) and F8T d#ra%ilit0,

•Step . Add , 8 9 to "ompen!ate $or non8#ni$orm mi-ing,

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#etho"s of mi;in

• In !it#• /omparati&el0 e"onomi"al t)an o$$ !it#

• O$$ !it#• Additional Tran!port "o!t

• 5roper mi-ing

• Uni$orm "oating

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Ad&an"ed Mi-ing 5ro"e!! +in8!it#.

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/on&entional appli"ation o$ %it#men !ta%ili!er

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/a!e St#d0

/a!e A?

Normal a&aila%le te!ted !oil i! #!ed $orte!ting

/a!e

B ?

Normal a&aila%le !oil te!ted 2it) MS

em#l!ion added/a!e/?

Normal a&aila%le !oil te!ted 2it) MSem#l!ion and @ "ement added

/a!eD ? Normal a&aila%le !oil! te!ted mi-ing 2it) o$ em#l!ion and @ o$ "ement added and2ait )o#r %e$ore te!ting

2

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Modi$ied pro"tor te!t "ompari!on grap)

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2


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Determination o$ optim#m %it#men "ontent

2

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/BR &al#e! /ompari!on /)art

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Summar, of the case Stu",

• From t)i! !t#d0 it i! "lear t)at t)ere i! a "on!idera%le

impro&ement in /ali$ornia Bearing Ratio +/BR. o$ !#%8grade

d#e to #!e o$ MS %it#men em#l!ion i$ proper mi-ing i! done,

• It i! !een t)at it %e!t re!#lt! are o%tained i$ t)e !oil em#l!ion

mi- i! le$t $or a%o#t $i&e and )al$ )o#r! a$ter mi-ing,• In ea") !tate o$ "ondition it 2a! $o#nd t)at /BR &al#e )a!

in"rea!ed "on!e"#ti&el0 $rom /a!e A to /a!e D,

• In t)i! parti"#lar e-perimental !t#d0 /BR &al#e )a!

in"rea!ed #p to $i$t0 per"ent o$ t)e #nmodi$ied !oil /BR,• O%!er&ing it! e"onomi" "o!t and 3#alit0 o$ !ta%ili1ation

impro&ement it i! "lear t)at t)i! t0pe o$ !ta%ili1ation ma0 %e

appli"a%le in gra&el !oil road or in !)o#lder portion o$

)ig)2a0!,

2

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Summar, of the eport

• Drainage propertie! 2eat)er "ondition! "ompre!!i%ilit0 !2elling and

!)rin(age potential are !#") parameter! to %e "on!idered a! a part o$

d#ra%ilit0 and per$orman"e o$ t)e pa&ement !tr#"t#re,

• Bit#men pre&ent! 2ater $rom entering into "ompa"ted la0er and pro&ide! 2it)

an impermea%le la0er o$ "ompa"ted !oil to t)e %a!e "o#r!e o$ t)e pa&ement,

• Bit#men a"t a! a %inder impro&ing !ta%ilit0 and !trengt) o$ !oil gi&ing )ig)er/BR &al#e 2)i") )a&e little !en!iti&it0 to t)e moi!t#re atta"(,

• Bit#men li(e lime and "ement i! not !#!"epti%le $or t)e lea")ing a"tion and

remain! in t)e !oil $or longer period gi&ing d#ra%ilit0 to t)e pa&ement

!tr#"t#re,

• Bit#men em#l!ion i! to %e pre$erred o&er "#t%a"( $rom en&ironmental point o$

&ie2,

• Ot)er additi&e! are ")eaper in India t)an %it#men, From "o!t "on!ideration

#!e o$ %it#men i! not at all e"onomi"al #!ed a! a la!t re!o#r"e o$

!ta%ili!ation i$ ot)er! 2a0! o$ t)e !oil !ta%ili!ation $ail!,

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Bitumen Emultion as Soil Stabiliser

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