BBP-1
Bloodborne Pathogens
Training for School Staff
Insert Nurse Name,
Credentials Here
Insert Organization Here
This presentation was adapted from the Ohio Department of Health, School and Adolescent Health’s
Bloodborne Pathogens Training for School Staff presentation.
Note
BBP-2
The information contained in this presentation represents a
compilation of best practice standards and policies that are
consistent with the Ohio Revise Code and OSHA regulations.
It is important to note that each local board of education has
the authority to develop school policies and procedures
specific to its school district
Contact Information:
BBP-3
Contact the Lorain
County General Health
District
p. 440-322-6367
M-F 8:00 – 4:30 pm
•Juli Foor, RN, BSN [email protected]
•Janine Trottier, RN, BSN [email protected]
BBP-4
Training Objectives
Provide a basic understanding of:
1. Bloodborne pathogens (BBP)
2. Common modes of transmission of BBP
3. Methods to prevent transmission of BBP
4. Information to help school staff maintain
compliance with the BBP standard
BBP-5
Purpose of BBP Training
School required to identify possible at-
risk staff
Educating staff who could be in
contact with BBP
Site specific exposure plans-coaches,
custodians, high risk students….
It’s extremely important that you understand and
can access our school’s Exposure Control Plan!
OSHA (Occupational Safety & Health Administration)
Federal Agency
Covers private sector employees including private
schools
Ohio PERRP (Public Employee Risk Reduction Program)
Ohio Bureau of Worker’s Compensation
Covers public sector employees including public
schools
BBP-6
Regulatory Authority
BBP-7
What are Bloodborne
Pathogens?
Disease-causing viruses, bacteria and other
microorganisms carried in the bloodstream
Most common BBP are:
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
• Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
• Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
• Syphilis
BBP-8
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
Means “inflammation of the liver”
Most infectious bloodborne hazard
Can survive outside the body for up to a
week
Vaccination for HBV is available and
effective
HBV Transmission
Contact with HBV body fluids
Unprotected sex with multiple partners
Sharing needle/injecting drug use
Infected mother to baby during birth
Sharps/needle sticks
BBP-9
BBP-10
HBV Symptoms
Possible symptoms of HBV:
Flu-like symptoms (fever, fatigue, loss appetite, aches and pains, nausea and vomiting)
Abdomen Pain
Skin and whites of eyes turn yellow (jaundice)
Dark urine (like cola or tea)
Clay color stools
Some people have no symptoms at all!
BBP-11
Hepatitis B Vaccine
Must be offered free to all staff at risk of occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM)
At-risk staff should be notified by the district
Series of three injections over seven months
If declining vaccine, staff must sign declination statement
BBP-12
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
Long-term effects include chronic
liver disease and death
No treatment or vaccine is
available
Virus does not survive well out of
the body
HCV Transmission
Injecting drug use
Hemodialysis (long term)
Blood transfusion or organ transplant before
1992
Mother to baby (delivery and breast feeding)
Needle sticks
Sexual exposure (rarely)
BBP-13
BBP-14
HCV Symptoms
Symptoms are similar to HBV
Pain on right side of abdomen
Jaundice
Fatigue
Appetite loss
Nausea
Dark-colored urine
Pale stools
BBP-15
Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV)
Attacks immune system and causes AIDS
AIDS is the second-leading cause of
death among 25-44 year olds
No cure, no vaccine available
HIV Transmission
unprotected sex or sharing needles
(most common)
Mother to baby during pregnancy or
delivery
Breast feeding
BBP-16
BBP-17
HIV Symptoms
Flu-like symptoms
Night sweats or fever
Weight loss
Fatigue
Swollen glands
Can develop AIDS-related illnesses including neurological problems and cancer
A person with HIV may carry the virus for 10 years or more without developing symptoms.
What is Syphilis
Bacterial Infection
Can be treated with antibiotics
Fragile, surviving only briefly on
surface
Transmitted sexually
4 different stages
BBP-18
Stages of Syphilis
Primary
Chancre sore
Contagious
Secondary
Body rash
Not contagious if
treated
BBP-19
Latent No symptoms
Not contagious
Tertiary Effect heart, eyes,
brain, nervous
system, bones,
MR/DD…
Damage is
permanent
BBP-20
Transmission of BBP
1. Blood/OPIM entering open cuts, wounds or skin abrasions
2. Blood/OPIM splashing into eyes, nose or mouth area (mucous membranes)
Transmitted when there’s direct contact with
blood or OPIM of an infected person
BBP-21
Exposure Control Plan
Identification of at-risk staff
Identification of at-risk jobs and tasks
Vaccination program
Work practice controls
Use of personal protective equipment
Post exposure incident procedure
The plan must be accessible!
Bloodborne
Pathogen
Exposure
Control
Plan
BBP-22
Potential Risk of Exposure
Jobs: 1.School nurses
2.Coaches & athletic
trainers
3.Custodians
4. Secretaries
Tasks: 1. Illness/injury care
2.Caring for sports
injuries
3. Cleaning up bloody
waste
4. Performing first aid
BBP-23
Work Practice Controls
Methods that reduce chance of exposure
Universal precautions
Hand washing
Engineering control (such as sharps containers)
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) must be
used when risk remains
BBP-24
Universal Precautions
Assist in prevention of contact with
blood and OPIM
First line of defense against exposure
risks to BBP
Treat ALL human blood as if it’s infectious
Standard Precautions
Apply when possibility of contact with blood
or OPIM
Apply to the following even if blood is not
visible:
Feces
Urine
Sweat
Nasal secretions
Vomit
BBP-25
BBP-26
Hand Washing
Wash hands before
Eating
Wash hands after
Any contact with blood, body fluids or
soiled objects
Using the toilet
Assisting with personal hygiene
This is the single most important technique for
preventing the spread of infectious diseases.
BBP-27
Hand Washing Technique
http://www.co.la-
crosse.wi.us/Health/Environmental/docs/HandWsh.htm
1.Use soap & water to
wash hands when
available
2.Always use soap &
water if hands are
visibly soiled
BBP-28
Alcohol-based Hand Sanitizers
Procedure:
1. Apply to palm of one hand
2. Rub hands together
3. Rub the product over all
surfaces of hands and
fingers until hands are dry
Remember: If hands are visibly soiled, wash with soap & water!
BBP-29
Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE)
Specialized clothing or equipment that provides protection against infectious material
Gloves
Gowns
Eye protection
Resuscitation devices
BBP-30
PPE in Schools
Employer ensures all employees use
appropriate PPE
Provided at no cost to staff
Must be accessible
Type of PPE is determined by task
BBP-31
PPE Guidelines: Gloves
Wear during possible exposure with potentially infectious materials
Check gloves before use
Remove contaminated gloves before leaving work area
Wash hands after removing gloves
Never reuse disposable gloves
Types include vinyl, latex, neoprene or utility gloves
BBP-32
Glove Removal Demonstration
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3
Step 4 Step 5
University of Maryland Environmental Safety
BBP-33
Disposing of Sharps
Discard all contaminated sharps in designated container
Containers found where sharps are used
Disposal regulated by Ohio EPA
BBP-34
Signs and Labels
Biohazard Sign: warns that container holds blood or OPIM
Staff responsible for disposal will be informed of district policy
Waste such as bloody tissues can be disposed of in plastic-lined trash cans
Do not need biohazard label
BBP-35
Clean Up and
Decontamination
Some commercial solutions will effectively
disinfect surfaces and equipment Look for “tuberculocidal agent that kills hepatitis B
virus”
Store cleaners according to label instructions
Household chlorine bleach Solution must be made fresh every 24 hours
Use a 10% bleach solution
BBP-36
Cleaning Blood Spills
All surfaces and equipment must be decontaminated with appropriate cleaning solution
Take your time and be careful
Avoid splashing contaminated fluids
Wear appropriate PPE
BBP-37
Apply gloves
Absorb spill
Apply 10% bleach solution or approved disinfectant
Let solution sit for appropriate time
Bleach solution = 15 minutes Follow label on other products
Blood Spill Cleaning
Process
BBP-38
Exposure Incident
A specific incident that results in blood or OPIM entering the skin
Enters through non-intact skin or mucous membranes
Eyes
Nose
Mouth
Genital/anal tissue
BBP-39
Exposure Incident Procedure
1. Immediately Wash exposed area with soap & water Flush splashes to nose, mouth or skin with water Irrigate eyes with water or saline
2. Report incident according to your district plan
3. District will provide for additional medical evaluation and treatment, if needed
BBP-40
BBP Training Requirements
Must be completed:
Annually
Any time your job duties change and put you at
higher risk of exposure
If received training within past year, only
updates are required
Questions BBP-41
BBP-42
References
OSHA BBP Safety & Health Topics http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/bloodbornepathogens/index.html
OSHA BBP Training Regulations http://www.osha-slc.gov/OshStd_data/1910_1030.html
Ohio Public Employment Risk Reduction Program
http://www.colostate.edu/Orgs/safefood/NEWSLTR/v8n3s06.html US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
http://www.cdc.gov
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2006) Atkinson, W., Hamborsky, J., & Wolfe, S. (Eds.) Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, 9th Ed., Public Health Foundation: Washington, DC.
BBP-43
Resources
School District Exposure Plan OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard (Standard – 29
CFR 1910.1030) http://www.osha.gov Ohio Revised Code – Public Employee Risk Reduction
Program http://www.perrp.gov Champion, C. (2005). Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne
Pathogens: Implementing OSHA Standards in a School Setting. National Association of School Nurses, Inc: Castle Rock, CO.
American Academy of Pediatrics (2006) In: Pickering, LK, (Ed.) Red
Book: 2003 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, 27th Ed. American Academy of Pediatrics: Elk Grove Village, IL.