bls_1188-15_1956.pdf

Occupational Wage Survey

CHICAGO, ILLINOISAPRIL 1956

BLS Bulletin No. 1188-15

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Claguo, Commissioner

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Occupational Wage Survey

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS

APRIL 1956

Bulletin No. 11188-15

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary

BUREAU O F LABOR STATISTICS

Ew an Clagua, Commissioner

June 1956

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Price 25 cents


ContentsPage

In trod u ction ------------------------------------------ .-------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 1Wage trends for selected occupational g r o u p s _______________________________________________________________ 3

Tables:

1. Establishm ents and w orkers within scope of s u r v e y ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 22. Indexes of standard weekly salaries for o ffice c le r ica l and average straight-tim e

hourly earnings for selected plant occupational groups, and percent of in creasefor se lected periods _______________________________________________________________________________ 3

A: Occupational earnings * -A - 1: O ffice occupations __________________________ ____________________________________________________ 5A - 2: P ro fess ion a l and technical o ccu p a tion s_______________________________________________________ 9A -3 : Maintenance and power plant occupations ______________________________________________________ 10A -4 : Custodial and m aterial m ovem ent occupations _______________________________________________ 11

B: Establishm ent practices and supplem entary wage provisions * -B - l : Shift differential provisions _____________________________________________________________________ 13B -2 : Minimum entrance rates for women office w o r k e r s ________________________________________ 14B -3 : Scheduled weekly hours _________________________________________________________________________ 15B -4 : Paid holidays _____________ __________________________________________________________ ___________ 15B -5 : Paid vacations __________________________________________________________________________________ 16B -6 : Health, insurance, and pension plans _______________________________________ >_________________ 18

Appendix: Job descriptions ___________________________________________________________________________________ 19

* NOTE: S im ilar tabulations for m ost of these item s are available in the C hicago area reports for A p ril 1951, March 1952, M arch 1953, M arch 1954, and A pril 1955. The 1954 report also provides tabulations of wage structure ch a ra cter istics , labor-m anagem ent agreem ents, and overtim e pay provisions. The 1955 report also included data on frequency of wage payments, and pay provisions for holidays falling on nonworkdays. A d irectory indicating date of study and the p rice o f the reports, as well as reports for other m ajor areas, is available upon request.

Current reports on occupational earnings and supplem entary wage p ractices in the Chicago area are a lso available for m achinery industries (February 1956), industrial chem icals (August 1955), w om en s and m isses d resses (August 1955), hotels (July 1955), power laundries and dry clean ers (June 1955), o ffice building serv ice (July 1955), and contract cleaning serv ice (July 1955). Union sca les, indicative of prevailing pay leve ls , are available for the following trades or industries: Building construction, printing, lo ca l transit operating em ployees, and m otortruck d r ivers .

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The Community Wage Survey Program

The Bureau of Labor Statistics regularly conducts areawide wage surveys in a number o f im portant industrial cen ters. The studies, made from late fa ll to early spring, relate to occupational earnings and related supplem entary benefits. A prelim inary report is available on com pletion o f the study in each area, usually in the month follow ing the payroll period studied. This bulletin provides additional data not included in the earlier report. A consolidated analytical bulletin sum m arizing the results of all o f the y e a r 1 s surveys is issued after co m pletion o f the final area bulletin for the current round of su rveys.


Occupational Wage Survey - Chicago, III *

Introduction

The C hicago area is one of severa l im portant industrial cen ters in which the Departm ent of L abor1 s Bureau o f Labor Statistics has conducted surveys of occupational earnings and related wage ben efits on an areaw ide b a s is . In each area , data are obtained by person a l v is its o f Bureau fie ld agents to representative establishm ents within six broad industry d iv is ion s : Manufacturing; transportation (excluding ra ilroa d s), com m unication , and other public u tilities; w holesale trade; reta il trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and s e r v ic e s . M ajor industry groups excluded from these studies, besides ra ilroa d s , are governm ent operations and the construction and extractive industries . E stablishm ents having few er than a p rescr ib ed number o f w ork ers are om itted a lso because they furnish insufficient em ploym ent in the o c cu pations studied to w arrant in clusion . 1 W herever p oss ib le , separate tabulations a re prov ided fo r each of the broad industry d iv is ion s .

T hese su rveys a re conducted on a sam ple basis because o f the u nn ecessary cos t involved in surveying a ll establishm ents, and to insure prom pt publication o f resu lts . To obtain appropriate a ccu ra cy at m in im um cost, a grea ter p rop ortion o f large than of sm all establishm ents is studied. In com bining the data, how ever, a ll establishm ents are given th e ir appropriate w eight. E stim ates based on the establishm ents studied are presen ted , th ere fo re , as relating to all establishm ents in the industry grouping and a rea , * 1 2 except fo r those below the m inim um size studied.O ccupations and Earnings

The occupations se lected fo r study are com m on to a variety o f m anufacturing and nonm anufacturing industries. Occupational c la s s if i cation is based on a u n iform set o f job descrip tions designed to take account o f inter establishm ent variation in duties within the sam e job (see appendix fo r listing o f these d escrip tion s). Earnings data are presen ted (in the A -s e r ie s tab les) fo r the follow ing types o f occu p a tions: (a) O ffice c le r ic a l ; (b) p ro fess ion a l and technical; (c ) m aintenance and pow erplant; and (d) custodial and m ateria l m ovem ent.

Data are shown fo r fu ll-tim e w ork ers, i . e . , those h ired to w ork a regu lar w eekly schedule in the given occupational c la ss ifica tion . E arnings data exclude prem ium pay for overtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holidays, and late sh ifts. Nonproduction bonuses are ex cluded a lso , but c o s t -o f- l iv in g bonuses and incentive earnings are in cluded. Where w eekly hours are reported , as fo r o ffice c le r ic a l o c cupations, re fe ren ce is to the w ork schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) fo r which stra ight-tim e sa laries are paid; average w eekly earnings fo r these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half d o lla r .

* This rep ort was prepared in the B ureau^ regional o ffice in C h icago , 111., by W oodrow C . Linn, under the d irection o f G eorge E. V otava, R egional Wage and Industrial R elations Analyst.

1 See table 1 fo r m in im u m -size establishm ent cov ered .2 The tabulation o f m inim um entrance rates fo r w om en o ffice

w ork ers re la tes only to the p rov is ion s in establishm ents studied.

O ccupational em ploym ent estim ates represen t the total in all establishm ents within the scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed. B ecause o f d iffe ren ces in occupational structure among e s tablishm ents, the estim ates o f occupational em ploym ent obtained from the sam ple o f establishm ents studied serve only to indicate the relative im portance o f the job s studied. These d iffe ren ces in occupational structure do not m ateria lly a ffect the a ccu ra cy o f the earnings data.

E stablishm ent P ra c tice s and Supplem entary Wage P rov is ion s

Inform ation is presented a lso (in the B -s e r ie s tables) on se lected establishm ent p ra ctice s and supplem entary benefits as they relate to o ffice and plant w ork ers . The term o ffice w o r k e r s ," as used in this bulletin, includes a ll o ffice c le r ic a l em ployees and excludes adm in istrative, executive, p ro fess ion a l, and tech n ica l personnel. "Plant w ork ers" include w orking forem en and all nonsuperv isory w orkers (including leadm en and tra in ees) engaged in nonoffice functions. A dm in istra tive , executive, p ro fess ion a l, and techn ical em ployees, and fo r c e - account construction em ployees who are u tilized as a separate work fo rce are excluded. C a feteria w ork ers and routem en are excluded in m anufacturing industries , but are included as plant w orkers in nonmanufacturing industries .

Shift d ifferentia l data (table B - l ) are lim ited to manufacturing industries . This in form ation is presented both in term s of (a) establishm ent p o licy , 3 presented in term s of total plant w orker em ploym ent, and (b) e ffective p ra ctice , p resented on the basis o f w orkers actually em ployed on the specified shift at the tim e of the survey. In establishm entshaving varied d ifferen tia ls , the amount applying to a m ajority was used o r , if no amount applied to a m ajority , the c lass ifica tion "o th er" was used.

M inimum entrance rates (table B -2 ) relate only to the establishm ents v isited . They are presented on an establishm ent, rather than on an em ploym ent b a s is . Scheduled hours; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are treated statistica lly on the basis that these are applicable to a ll plant or o ffice w ork ers if a m ajority o f such w ork ers are e lig ib le or may eventually qualify fo r the p ra ctices l is t e d .4 B ecause o f rounding, sums of individual item s in these tabulations do not n e ce ssa r ily equal totals.

The sum m ary o f vacation plans is lim ited to form al arran gem ents, excluding in form al plans w hereby tim e o ff with pay is granted at the d iscre tion of the em ployer. Separate estim ates are provided

3 An establishm ent was con sid ered as having a p o licy if it meteither of the follow ing conditions: ( l ) O perated late shifts at the tim eo f the survey, or (2) had form a l p rov is ion s coverin g late shifts.

4 Scheduled w eekly hours fo r o ffice w ork ers (first section of table B -3 ) are presented in term s of the p roportion o f women o ffice w ork ers em ployed in o ff ice s with the indicated w eekly hours fo r women w ork ers .

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2accord in g to em ployer p ra ctice in com puting vacation paym ents, such as tim e paym ents, percen t of annual earnings, or fla t-su m am ounts. H ow ever, in the tabulations o f vacation allow ances by years o f se rv ice , payments not on a tim e b a sis w ere converted ; fo r exam ple, a payment o f 2 percent of annual earnings was con sid ered as the equivalent o f 1 week*s pay.

Data are presen ted fo r a ll health, insurance, and pension plans fo r which at least a part o f the cost is borne by the em ployer, excepting only lega l requ irem ents such as workm en*s com pensation and socia l secu rity . Such plans include those underw ritten by a com m erc ia l insurance com pany and those provided through a union fund or paid d irectly by the em ployer out o f current operating funds or from a fund set aside fo r this pu rpose . Death benefits a re included as a fo rm of life insurance.

S ickness and accident insurance is lim ited to that type o f in surance under which predeterm ined cash paym ents a re made d irectly to the insured on a w eekly or monthly basis during illn ess o r accident d isability . Inform ation is presented fo r a ll such plans to which the em ployer con tributes. H ow ever, in New Y ork and New J ersey , which have enacted tem porary d isability insurance law s which requ ire em p loyer contributions, 5 plans are included only if the em ployer ( l ) con tributes m ore than is lega lly requ ired , o r (2) prov ides the em ployee

with benefits which exceed the requ irem ents o f the law . Tabulations o f paid s ick -lea ve plans are lim ited to fo rm a l plans which prov ide full pay or a proportion o f the w orker*s pay during absence fro m w ork because of illn ess . Separate tabulations are p rov ided a ccord in g to ( l ) plans which provide full pay and no waiting p er iod , and (2) plans providing either partial pay or a waiting p er iod . In addition to the presentation o f the p roportions of w ork ers who a re prov ided sick n ess and accident insurance o r paid s ick leave , an unduplicated total is shown of w orkers who rece ive either o r both types o f benefit.

Catastrophe insurance, som etim es re fe r re d to as extended m edica l insurance, includes those plans which are designed to p ro tect em ployees in case of sickness and in jury involving expenses beyond the norm al coverage o f hospitalization, m ed ica l, and su rg ica l p lans. M edica l insurance re fe rs to plans provid ing fo r com plete o r partia l paym ent o f doctors* fe e s . Such plans m ay be underw ritten by com m erc ia l in surance com panies or nonprofit organ izations o r they m ay be s e lf - insured . Tabulations o f retirem ent pension plans a re lim ited to those plans that provide monthly paym ents fo r the rem ainder o f the w orker*s life .

5 The tem porary d isability law s in C a liforn ia and Rhode Islanddo not require em ployer contributions.

Table 1: Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Chicago, 111. , by major industry division, April 1956

Minimum - size Number of establishments Workers in establishments

Industry division establishment Within scope of study

StudiedWithin scope of study Studied

in scope of study 2 Total 3 Office Plant T otal3

All divisions ____________________________________________ 3, 067 427 1,086,600 223,000 693, 500 516,330

Manufacturing ___________________________________________ 101 1, 306 165 634,500 89,300 463 ,400 273,220Nonmanufacturing _______________________________________

Transportation (excluding railroads),- 1,761 262 452,100 133,700 230,100 243, 110

communication,and other public utilities4 ______ 101 122 32 86,400 21,100 47,300 68,490Wholesale trade ________________________________ ..____ 51 579 59 79,700 23,500 36,400 17,630Retail trade ___________________________________________ 101 207 49 135,900 25,100 96,200 97,910Finance, insurance, and real estate _____________ 51 364 51 78,400 49 ,400 5 8 ,800 34,910Services6 ____________________________________________ 51 489 71 71,700 14,600 41,400 24,170

1 The Chicago Area (Cook County). The "workers within scope of study" estimates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size andcomposition of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other area employment indexesto measure employment trends or levels since (1) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the pay periodstudied, and (2) small establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey.

2 Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the m inim um-size limitation. All outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade,finance, auto repair service, and motion-picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment.

3 Includes executive, technical, professional, and other workers excluded from the separate office and plant categories.4 Also excludes taxicabs, and services incidental to water transportation. Chicago*s transit system is municipally operated and, therefore, excluded by definition

from the scope of the studies.5 Estimate relates to real estate establishments only.6 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and

engineering and architectural services.


3Wage Trends fo r S elected Occupational Groups

Tabulated below are indexes of sa laries of wom en o ffice c l e r i ca l w o rk e rs , and o f average earnings of se lected plant w orker groups.

F o r o ff ice c le r ic a l w ork ers , the indexes relate to average w eek ly sa la r ies fo r n orm al hours of w ork , that is , the standard w ork schedule fo r which stra igh t-tim e sa laries are paid. F or plant w orker groups, the indexes m easu re changes in straight-tim e hourly earnings, excluding prem ium pay fo r overtim e and for w ork on w eekends, h o lidays, and late sh ifts . The indexes are based on data fo r se lected key occupations and include m ost of the num erica lly im portant jobs within each group. E ighteen job s w ere included in the o ffice c le r ic a l index; 10 sk illed m aintenance jobs and 3 unskilled jobs w ere included in the plant w ork er indexes. See footnotes to table 2.

A verage w eekly sa la r ies or average hourly earnings w ere com puted fo r each of the se lected occupations. The average sa laries o r hourly earnings w ere then m ultiplied by the average o f M arch 1953 and M arch 1954 em ploym ent in the job . These weighted earnings fo r individual occupations w ere then added to obtain an aggregate fo r each occupational group. F in a lly , the ratio of these group aggregates fo r a given year to the aggregate fo r the base period (survey month, winter 1952-53) was com puted and the resu lt m ultiplied by the base year index (100) to get the index fo r the given year.

The indexes m easu re p rin cipa lly the e ffects of ( l ) general sa lary and wage changes; (2) m erit or other in crea ses in pay r e ce ived by individual w ork ers while in the sam e job ; and (3) labor turnover or fo rce expansion or reduction . A fo r c e expansion might in crea se the p roportion o f low er paid w orkers in a sp ec ific o ccu pation and resu lt in a drop in the index, w hereas a reduction in the proportion o f low er paid w orkers would have the opposite e ffect. The indexes a re a lso a ffected by shifts in the proportion of w orkers em ployed by establishm ents with different pay le v e ls . F or exam ple, the m ovem ent of a high-paying establishm ent out of an area could cause the index to drop, even though no change in rates o ccu rred in other area establishm ents.

The use o f constant em ploym ent weights elim inates the effects o f changes in the proportion of w orkers represented in each job in cluded in the index. Nor a re the indexes influenced by changes in standard w ork schedules or in prem ium pay fo r overtim e, since they are based on pay fo r stra ight-tim e hours.

Indexes fo r the p eriod 1952 to 1955 fo r w orkers in 17 m ajor labor m ark ets , appeared in BLS Bull. 1172, W ages and Related B enefits, 17 Labor M arkets, 1954-55.

Table 2: Indexes of standard weekly salaries for office clerical1 and average straight-time hourly earnings for selected plant occupational groups 2in Chicago, 111. , April 1955 and April 1956 and percent of increase for selected periods

Industry and occupational group

Indexes(March 1953 = 100) Percent increases from

April1956

April1955

April 1955 to

April 1956

March 1954 to

April 1955

March 1953 to

March 1954

March 1952 to

March 1953

March 1952 to

April 1956

All industries:Office clerical (women) _ __ __ __ __ __ __ 114.3 109. 5 4 .3 3 .6 5 .8 5 .7 2 0 .7Skilled maintenance (m en )___________________________ 115. 5 109.8 5. 1 3 .3 6.3 6. 5 23.0Unskilled plant (men) __ __ ________ _____ __ _ 114.4 109. 4 4 .6 3 .5 5 .7 4 .9 20.0

Manufacturing:Office clerical (women) _ _ ______ 114.4 109.8 4 .2 3 .4 6.2 5 .2 20.3Skilled maintenance (m en )_____________ ______ __ _ 115.4 109.0 5 .8 3.1 5 .8 6. 1 2 2 .4Unskilled plant (men) _____ ____________ _____ _ _ 113.0 107. 6 5 .0 2 .7 4 .8 6 .6 20 .5

1 Based on data for the following jobs: 2 Based on data for the following jobs:

Office clerical (women):B illers, machine (billing machine)Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A and BComptometer operatorsClerks, file , class A and BClerks, orderC lerks, payrollKey-punch operatorsOffice girlsSecretariesStenographers, general Switchboard operators Switchboard operator-receptionists Tabulating-machine operators Transcribing-machine operators, general Typists, class A and B

Skilled maintenance (men): Carpenters Electricians Machinists MechanicsMechanics, automotive Millwrights Painters Pipefitters Sheet-metal workers Tool and die makers

Unskilled plant (men):Janitors, porters, and cleaners Laborers, material handling Watchmen


5A i Occupational Earnings

Table A-l: Office Occupations(Average straight-tim e w eekly hours and earnings 1 for se lected occupations studied on an area basis

in C hicago, III., by industry d iv ision , A p ril 1956)

Sex, occu pation , and industry d iv ision Numberof. workers

Avibaos NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNJNGS OF

Weeklyhours

(Standard)Weeklyearnings

(Standard)Under$40. 00

$40 .00

andunder45 .00

$45 .00

50.00

$50.00

55.00

$55.00

60 .00

$60 .00

65 .00

$65 .00

70 .00

$70 .00

75 .00

$75 .00

80 .00

$80 .00

85 .00

$8 5 .00

9 0 .00

$90 .00

95 .00

$95 .00

100.00

$100.00

105.00

$105.00

110.00

$110.00

115.00

$115.00

120.00

$120.00

andover

M en$

C lerk s , accounting, c la ss A 2 ,683 39.5 87.50 _ _ _ 5 28 158 178 406 367 454 375 301 161 152 30 23 45M anufacturing ___ 1, 156 39 .5 89.06 - - - - - 2 29 24 187 2T52~ 154 177 TW -------TT -------78 ------- jj- 3 ------37N onm anufacturing _ 1,527 39.5 86.00 - - _ - 5 26 129 154 219 165 300 200 105 82 74 15 20 33

P u blic u tilit ie s* _ _ __ 158 39.0 92.50 - - _ _ - _ 13 19 11 21 20 11 10 16 6 12 3 16Whole sale t r a d e ___________________________________ _ 578 40 .0 88.00 - - _ _ 4 - 22 67 70 94 93 46 80 46 27 2 13 14R etail t r a d e _________________________________________ 178 39.5 84.00 - - - - _ 7 14 33 11 10 60 6 12 4 18 1 2 _Finance ** __________________________________________ 541 39.0 83.50 - - - - - 12 75 12 120 37 120 128 3 7 22 - 2 3

C le rk s , accounting, c la ss B _____________________________ 1,340 39 .5 69.00 . _ 25 105 146 301 161 154 188 110 88 29 18 15 _ _ _M a n u factu rin g__________________________________________ 571 39.0 76.00 - - 1 12 10 63 69 65 142 85 70" 29 14 11 - - _ _N onm anufacturing _____________________________________ 769 39 .5 63.50 - - 24 93 136 238 92 89 46 25 18 - 4 4 _ _ _ -

W holesale t r a d e ______ : 233 40 .0 68.00 _ _ _ 31 3 76 15 46 24 20 17 _ 1 _ _ _ _ _R etail trade ........ 105 39.5 67.50 - - 12 16 24 8 18 15 4 1 - 3 4 - - - -

C le rk s , o r d e r _________;____________________________________ 1,770 39 .5 86.00 _ _ 2 15 88 136 149 155 330 240 159 146 108 175 26 18 23M anufacturing 521 39.0 83.50 - - - - - 53 32 53 6 l ....80 "93 57 23 31 6 25 _ 7N onm anufacturing _ ,lllir.,. 1,249 40 .0 87.00 - - _ 2 15 35 104 96 94 250 147 102 123 77 169 1 18 16

W holesale trade _ __ 1,094 40 .0 88.00 - - - - 13 32 74 94 65 199 123 100 123 67 169 1 18 16

C lerk s , p a yro ll ___ 428 39.0 82.50 _ _ 1 7 20 27 64 78 62 60 45 33 10 3 9 8 1M a n u fa ctu r in g__________________________________________ 364 59: 0 " s i : 6o " _ _ _ 1 --------5- --------JT 10 w~ u r ------?4 ------ 77 24 ------ TT 16 -------- r -------- T _ -N onm anufacturing ________ 124 39.5 80.50 - - - * 2 14 17 16 18 18 5 21 2 - 1 1 8 1

O ffice boys _ . . .. _ ____ ..... 1,857 39.0 52.00 13 298 451 526 260 198 83 6 10 4 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _M a n u factu rin g_________________________________________ " 56 3'9:0 -31756"' i r ~ TGT TT4 TUT ....I IT ------27 ------ rT_ _ -------- 5- --------r - --------g_ _ _ _ _ _ _N onm anufacturing _ _ ... . . 1,207 38 .5 52.00 5 192 307 319 138 171 64 6 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

P u blic u t ilit ie s* n o 39 .5 58.50 _ > 1 1 15 27 47 9 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _W holesale trade 207 39 .5 51.00 _ 4 79 75 30 11 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Finance * * ___________________________________ _______ 572 38.5 52.50 5 119 140 139 47 68 44 5 5 _ - _ _ _ _ _S erv ices _____________ .______________________________ 225 37 .5 49.50 - 61 49 57 22 35 1 - - - - - - - - - - -

Tabulating-m achine op era tors 1,721 39 .0 77.50 1 20 100 2 12 187 270 176 197 219 197 85 26 23 5 . 3M a n u factu rin g___________ _____ _____ ___________ 860 "39 .0 r s ;o o _ _ -------- -----3----- ------s i r w r ------52 ""1 5 5 ------5o ------ ---- 172 _ m 36 -------- 5- 14 -------- r _ -------2N onm anufacturing _____ T . _ 861 39.0 77.0 0 _ . _ 16 40 129 105 115 96 106 97 76 49 20 9 2 _ 1

P u blic u t ilit ie s* _ ...... 152 39 .5 83. 50 _ _ _ _ 3 4 19 13 18 19 33 14 25 1 2 _ . 1W holesale t r a d e ____ _____ ___ 146 40 .5 81.00 _ - _ _ 11 6 11 34 7 16 11 25 12 12 _ 1 . _Finance * * ----------- --------- . . _______ ____________ 400 38 .5 73.50 - - - 4 23 102 59 39 53 45 33 31 3 1 6 1 - -

W om en

B ille r s , m achine (b illing m ach ine) . 1,256 39.5 61.00 _ 1 22 217 404 201 166 169 50 15 11 _ _ _ _ _ _ _M anufacturing ... ........ 593 46 .0 60.00 - - - 96 JUT~ ------55- s i r ------71" ------37 13 2 - - - - - _N onm anufacturing _____________________________________ 663 39.0 62.00 _ 1 22 127 95 156 116 118 17 2 9 - _ _ _ _ _

P u blic u tilit ie s* 150 4 0 .0 65.50 _ _ _ _ 15 65 43 23 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _W holesale trade _ 350 39.0 63.00 - - 4 65 45 80 53 84 15 - 4 - - - - - - -

B il le r s , m achine (bookkeeping m achine ) _______________ 392 39.0 61.00 _ 11 23 40 86 128 27 51 26 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _N on m an u factu rin g_____ _ _ . .... ___ 342 39.0 66. 50 - 11 23 40 75 117 24 26 26 - - - - - - - - -

R etail trade ______ _____ _ r ___ 106 40 .0 54.00 - 11 17 24 33 15 6 - " - - - - - - - -

B ookkeeping-m ach ine o p e ra to rs , c la ss A ..... ..... 856 38.5 73.50 _ _ _ 1 8 71 193 161 277 84 48 11 2 _ _ _ _M anufacturing _ _____ __ .... . . ___ 286 39 .6 74.00 - - - 1 4 10 54 49 119 16 2? - - - - - - -N onm anufacturing ________ _ .... _ , 576 38 .5 73.50 - - - - 4 61 139 112 158 68 21 11 2 - - - - -

W holesale trade _ ... 269 39 .5 73.00 4 87 63 . 82 30 3

See footnote at end o f tab le.* T ran sportation (excluding ra ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilit ies . O ccupational Wage Survey, C h icago, III., A p ril 1956** F inan ce, in su ran ce , and rea l esta te . U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Bureau of Labor Statistics


6(A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earn ings1 for se lected occupations studied on an area basis in C h icago, III. , by industry d iv ision , A p ril 1956)

Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued

Average N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E I V I N G S T R A I G H T -T I M E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F N u m b er $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $

Sex, occupation , and industry d iv ision o fw orkers

W e e k lyh ours

W e e k lyearn ings

Under$

40 .0 0and

4 5 .00 50.00 55.00 60 .00 65.00 70.00 75 .00 80.00 8 5 .0 0 90 .00 95 .0 0 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00(S ta n da rd ) (Standard) under * * ~ ~ ~ - - - - - and40 .00 45 .0 0 50.00 55.00 60 .00 65 .00 70.00 75.00 80 .00 85.00 90 .0 0 95 .0 0 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 ov er

W omen - Continued

B ookkeeping-m achine o p era tors , c la ss B 3.572 3 8 .5$62.00 58 128 371 738 1053 612 306 230 46 30

M anufacturin g_________________________________________ "1 ,1 1 7 " i r TT 66 .60 _ r r ------ 29" 7R T n r ZFTr 27T 2T T R tr r r z r _ _ _ - _ - _Nonmanufacturing __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 ,455 38 .5 60.50 - 47 99 325 638 792 333 94 90 35 2 - - - - - - -

W holesale trade _ _ 340 39 .0 63 .50 _ - 4 24 42 177 36 12 43 _ 2 _ - _ - _ - _R etail trade _ ..... . 274 40 .0 59.50 - 1 30 35 63 65 51 27 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _F in an ce** .............. . _ ... . .. . 1,663 38 .0 59.50 46 57 247 501 512 201 30 34 35 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

' 129 39 .0 61 .50 8 18 14 30 43 16 _ _

C lerks, accounting, c la ss A _ 2 ,173 39 .0 76 .00 21 61 232 409 380 354 258 140 172 89 38 12 2 3 2Manufacturing _ _ ............ _ __ _ ?08 3975" 77.60 - - - - 2 58 n r n r 136 W ------- 53 69 29 1 --------- 9- - 2 -Nonmanufacturing _____________________________________ 1,465 39 .0 75.50 _ - - 21 59 174 277 252 218 161 95 103 60 37 3 2 1 2

W holesale trade ... .. ..... _ _ _ ......... 464 39 .5 79.50 _ - - 22 24 42 84 79 78 41 10 50 34 _ _ _Retail trade ___ . ........ _ __ 212 4 0 .0 77.00 _ 2 2 21 31 40 25 19 36 32 1 2 1 _Finance * * _____________ _________ ___________________ 372 38 .0 72 .00 - - - 11 63 99 70 65 33 8 22 1 - - -

C lerks, accounting, c la ss B __ _ _ 5. 566 39 .0 61.00 4 59 393 1675 1175 861 361 251 174 65 4 1 _ _ _ _Manufacturing ... . 7 ,711r 39.6 64 .50 _ -------- 5 ------TT 2TTT 363 335" 345 141 136 TEE" 32 3 1 _ _ _ _ _Nonmanufacturing ___________________________________ _ 3,856 39 .0 59.50 4 51 366 865 780 837 516 220 115 68 33 1 - - _ _ _

P ublic utilities * ___________________________________ 240 39 .5 62.00 _ 2 8 26 30 90 41 43 - - - - - - - _ - -W holesale trade ___________________________________ 1,052 39 .5 62 .00 _ - 16 179 203 275 186 105 70 14 4 - - - - _ - -Retail trade 808 39 .5 57.00 _ 10 69 269 207 122 81 26 21 1 2 _ _ _ _ _ _Finance * * __________________________________________ 1,402 38 .0 58.00 4 39 262 287 266 278 165 33 16 26 26 - - - - - _ .S erv ices ... . ..... . . .... 354 38 .0 60 .00 _ _ 11 104 74 72 43 13 8 27 1 1 _ _ _ _ _

C lerks, f ile , c la ss A _________ __ ______________ _____ 1,482 39 .0 61.00 106 244 383 313 251 50 72 49 8 5 1Manufacturing . _ ... .... ... . ............. ... - 6 ?J 3975" 66. SO" _ _ r r RE -----R 5 n r 154 ------ZE~ r r -------- r ------ S -------- TT _ _ _Nonmanufacturing ... _ ...... . . .. . __ 829 38 .5 61.00 _ 85 98 239 183 97 24 53 44 2 3 1 _ _ _ _

W holesale trade . _ _ _ _ 152 39 .5 60.50 _ _ 10 14 45 40 31 4 4 4 _ _ _ - _ _ _ _F in an ce** _ .......... ........... . . . . . . . . . ... 543 38 .5 61 .00 _ _ 66 64 158 126 51 13 27 37 _ _ 1 _ _ _ _

C lerks, f ile , c la ss B ________ _ ______ ______ _____ ____ 5,762 39 .0 51.00 51 722 1903 1751 857 360 87 16 11 4Manufacturing ._ ...... . 1,581 39 .0 52.50 8 83 466 561 338 103 52 16 18 _ 4 _ _ * -Nonmanufacturing ____________________________________ 4, 181 38 .5 50.00 43 639 1497 1190 519 257 35 - 1 - - - - - - - - -

W holesale trade ............. ..... . _ 734 39 .5 53.50 _ 24 200 240 150 105 15 _ _ _ _ _ _ *R etail trade . .... __ ._ .. 444 4 0 .0 50.00 20 69 124 106 76 49 _ _ _ _ _ _ _

2 ,255 38 .0 48 .50 23 511 911 592 178 39 1 - - - - - - - - - - -S erv ices __ .... . ... . . .. 341 39 .0 50.50 _ 20 129 142 28 18 3 _ 1 _ - _ _ * _ -

C lerks, o rd er _________________ ________ ________ ___ 2 .025 39 .5 61.50 2 27 191 294 539 361 195 138 132 62 50 17 17Manufacturing ________________________________________ 823 3 9 :3 " 63.96"1 - - W ...135" 197 IW nrcr 70 46 65 - 13 13 - - - - -Nonmanufacturing ____________________________________ 1,202 3 9 .5 60.00 2 27 151 189 342 171 95 68 92 7 50 4 4 - - - - -

W holesale trade _ _ _ _ ____ 599 39 .5 64 .50 - - 2 70 160 116 83 44 66 4 46 4 4 - - - - -R etail t r a d e ________________________________________ 527 40 .0 54.00 2 27 145 97 180 45 6 2 18 1 4 - - - - "

C lerks, payroll ___________________________________________ 2 .496 39 .0 68 .50 9 26 125 282 471 590 342 244 219 102 67 11 6 2 _ - _Manufacturing ... ... ................... ..... 1 ,454 39 .5 68.60 _ 7 n ~ 44 nnr- 260 w r 174 R E " 143 4$ 33' 2 _ _ _ _Nonmanufactur ing ................ ......... ............. 1,042 39 .0 69 .00 - 2 13 81 94 211 185 168 104 76 57 34 9 6 2 - - -

W holesale t r a d e ____________________________________ 250 39 .0 70 .00 _ _ _ 28 16 35 41 44 31 34 4 15 2 - - - - -Retail trade _ _ ___ ... ___ 268 40 .0 67.00 _ 2 7 26 36 46 40 38 30 6 35 2 _ _ _ _ _Finance * * __________________________________________ 189 37.5 70 .50 _ 1 16 11 24 53 40 9 7 13 11 - 4 - - - -S erv ices ._ ........ 148 38 .5 68 .00 5 9 23 31 27 18 2 21 3 6 1 2

See footnote at end of table.* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities,** Finance, insurance, and real estate.


7(A verage straight-tim e w eekly hours and earnings 1 for se lected occupations studied on an area basis in C h icago, III. , by industry d iv ision , A p ril 1956;

Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued

Sex, occupation , and industry d iv isionN u m b erofw orkers

Average N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E I V I N G S T R A I G H T -T I M E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F

W eek lyhours

(Standard)

W eek lyearnings

(Standard)

Under$40 .00

$40 .00

andunder45 .00

$45.00

50.00

$50.00

55.00

$55.00

60 .00

$60 .00

65.00

$65 .00

70.00

$70.00

75 .00

$75 .00

8 0 .00

$80 .00

85 .00

$85 .00

90 .00

S90 .00

95 .00

$95.00

100.00

$100.00

105.00

$105.00

110.00

$110.00

115.00

$115.00

120.00

$120.00andover

W om en - Continued

C om ptom eter op era tors . . . . . . ... _ _ 3.819 39 .5$65.50 19 65 271 523 920 953 636 246 78 107 1

M a n u factu rin g__________________________________________ 1,475 39 .5 67.00 - _ 12 66 181 319 356 283 176 58 23 1 _Nonm anufacturing _ . . . ...... ........... 2 ,344 39 .5 64.00 - 19 53 205 342 601 597 353 70 20 84 _ _ _ _

P u blic utilitie s * _ _ . . ____ __ 129 39 .5 67.50 _ _ 2 9 14 19 31 28 16 10 _ _ _W holesale trade _ _ .... 649 39.5 65.50 _ _ 2 32 56 189 220 114 22 10 4 _R etail trade _ . .__ _ 915 39 .5 63.50 _ 7 46 106 160 225 184 88 19 _ 80 _ _ _ _ _F in a n ce** .. . . . 206 38.0 61.00 . 12 3 26 34 75 45 7 4 _ _ _S erv ices . . . ... ____ 445 40 .0 64.50 " - - 32 78 93 117 116 9 - - - - - - - - -

D uplicating-m ach ine op era tors (m im eographo r ditto) _ _ 458 39.0 56.50 - 26 74 134 68 73 45 20 15 2 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _

M anufacturing ......... . . . 2 W 5970 56. 50 - 15 43 8o 45 52 32 8 5 _ _ _ _ _ _Nonm anufacturing _ 178 39.0 57.00 - 11 31 54 23 21 13 12 10 2 1 - - - - - - -

K ey-punch operators 3.674 39.0 63.50 10 91 355 635 1069 767 473 190 72 9 3M anufacturing _ .......... 1,731 39 .0 64.00 - 4 17 115 333 426 555" 257 104" 41 _ _ _ _ _ _ _Nonm anufacturing 1,943 39.0 62.50 _ 6 74 240 302 643 333 216 86 31 9 3 _ _ _

P u blic u tilities * _ . ___ 198 39 .5 67.00 7 2 12 56 58 34 21 2 4 2 _ _ _Retail trade __ 276 39 .5 59.00 _ _ 6 84 36 100 39 8 2 _ 1 _ _ _ _ _Finance ** ______ 926 38 .5 61.00 - 6 55 119 208 338 112 52 32 4 - - - - - - -

O ffice g ir ls .......... . 1,233 39 .0 51.50 16 130 368 374 184 115 34 2 10M an u factu rin g__________________________________________ 414 39.6 " '5 2 .5 0 ~ 16 20 nra~ - '1 2 8 1------57 W~ n 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Nonm anufacturing 819 39 .5 51.50 _ 110 260 246 97 77 19 . 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ _

W holesale trade 214 39 .5 54.00 _ 5 44 64 46 55 > _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Finance ** _ ___ 391 39 .5 49.50 82 148 122 17 4 18 - - - - - - - -

S ecre ta r ies _ . _ . ..... ....... ... 10.253 39 .0 78.50 7 83 162 756 1319 1468 2201 1482 963 836 372 314 132 29 64 65M anufacturing 7472... - "J 9 .0 T 5 75T T - - 2 ------TT ------23 183 WS~ 630 9T 5" ~ ~ w r 555 449 ' 159 T95" ------w ------ZT 34 M rsNonm anufacturing _ . . . . 5,781 38 .5 77.00 - _ 5 50 139 573 821 838 1286 802 497 387 103 120 72 8 30 50

P u blic u tilit ie s* ................................... 439 40 .0 84.00 _ _ 1 1 25 35 25 26 95 48 50 28 28 20 37 3 17W holesale trade . . ______ 990 39 .0 79.00 - - - 10 1 72 76 160 259 171 99 81 6 39 8 4 4Retail trade . _ r __ 1,444 40 .0 74.50 - - 4 19 60 134 221 253 343 206 120 62 9 2 _ _ 2 9Finance ** 1,814 38.5 76.00 _ _ _ 5 20 237 303 291 354 231 165 111 38 35 19 1 4S erv ices _ 1,094 37 .0 78.00 - - 15 33 95 196 108 235 146 63 105 22 24 8 4 20 20

Stenograp hersr general _ 10.118 39 .0 66.50 . 26 113 645 1445 2417 2107 1529 1007 525 253 26 20 4 1M anufacturing ________ ... , 5 ,083 39 .6 6t.o6 _ - 2o 229 714 1121 1142 813 629 268 115 TT ----TT1 1 _ _ _ _Nonm anufacturing 5,035 38 .5 65. 50 _ 26 93 416 731 1296 965 716 378 257 138 7 8 3 1 _ _

P u blic u t ilit ie s* . 472 39 .5 72.50 - _ 2 18 32 58 69 107 84 45 47 3 3 3 1 _ _ _W holesale trade _ _ 1,209 39 .5 67.00 _ 23 - 99 46 278 311 230 144 60 14 3 1 _ _ _ _Retail trade __ 418 40 .0 59.50 _ 3 15 76 143 100 40 19 11 11 _ _ _ _ _ _F in a n ce** 2,145 37 .5 63.50 _ _ 74 198 385 648 420 211 111 66 32 _ _ _ _ _ _ _S erv ices ___ 791 37.0 67.00 - - 2 25 125 212 125 149 28 86 34 1 4 - - - - -

Stenographers, techn ica l 588 39.0 73.00 4 37 80 69 200 82 59 22 13 12 6 4

See footnote at end of table.* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities** Finance, insurance, and real estate.


8(A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings 1 for se lected occupations studied on an area basis in Chicago, H I., by industry d iv ision , A p ril 1956)

Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued

Sex, occupation , and industry d iv isionNumber

ofworkers

Average NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

Weeklyhours

(Standard)Weeklyearnings

(Standard)Under$40.00

$4 0 .0 0

andunder4 5 .0 0

45 .00

50.00

50.00

55.00

55.00

60 .00

1 0 .0 0

65 .00

I s . 00

70.00

70.00

75.00

^ 5 .0 0

80.00

1 0 .0 0

85.00

i s . 00

90 .00

1 0 .0 0

95 .00

i s . 00

100 .00

fo o .o o

105.00

fo s .o o

110.00

f io .o o

115.00

?15.00

120.00

?20.00andover

W om en - Continued

Switchboard operators _______ __________________________ 1,978 39 .5$62.50 12 304 195 327 358 291 180 179 83 26 17 4 1 1

M anufacturin g_________________________________________ " 503 w :s~ 67.00 - - ------------ 19 85 109 101 77 90 12 6 1 - - - - - _Nonmanufacturing _ _ 1,475 3 9 .5 61.00 - 12 303 176 242 249 190 103 89 71 18 16 - 4 1 - 1 -

Pu blic utilities * _ 173 40 .0 68.50 - - - 26 14 17 41 19 21 33 1 - - - 1 - - -W holesale trade __ 242 39 .5 67.00 _ _ - 1 40 57 82 14 8 36 4 - - _ - _ - _R etail trade............................................................................ 209 40 .0 57.50 _ 11 22 52 49 38 16 10 1 - 10 - - _ - _ - _Finance ** _ _ 314 38.0 64 .50 _ 1 21 38 47 87 25 38 38 2 _ 13 _ 4 _ _ . _S erv ices ------------------------------------------------------------------- 537 4 0 .5 55.00 - 260 59 92 50 26 22 21 * 3 3 - 1 ~

Switchboard op era tor -re cep tion ists _ __ 2.008 39.0 62.00 81 162 450 606 374 241 53 19 21 1M anufacturing _________________ __ ___ _____ __ __ l ,0 l 6 39 .0 63 .50 - - l l 32 id 1 39l 204 162 30 - 5 - - - - - _ -N onm anufacturing__ __ ___ ________ __ _____ 992 39 .0 61.00 - - 70 130 269 215 170 79 23 19 16 - - 1 - - - -

W holesale trade ___________________________________ 474 39 .5 61.50 - - 43 45 78 147 109 38 4 - 10 - - - - - - _F in an ce** 204 37 .5 57.00 _ _ 17 66 60 41 20 _ - . _ - _ - _ _ _S erv ices __ _____ ____ __ __ __ __ _ __ __ 110 38 .5 65.00 " 8 43 8 9 21 7 10 4 ~ -

Tabulating-m achine operators _____ __________________ 821 38 .5 71.00 6 17 85 164 116 164 101 79 51 34 4Nonmanufacturing ______ __ ___________ __ __ 407 39 .5 70.50 * 6 17 39 54 69 46 55 8 29 4

' '

T ran scrib ing-m ach ine op era tors , general ____________ 1,880 39.0 63.50 52 109 441 535 331 230 126 38 8 3 6 1Manufacturing _ _______ ____ __ __________________ 899 39 .5 67750 ' - - - 39 "" 2 35 296 132 TZT~ 44 20 2 " Z 6 - 1 - - -Nonmanufacturing _ _ _ _ _ 981 38.5 63.50 - - 52 70 206 239 199 108 82 18 6 1 - - - - - -

W holesale trade ________ _________________________ 264 39 .0 62.00 - - 20 11 78 57 58 32 4 - 4 - - - _ - - -Finance ** __________ ____________________________ 404 38.0 62.50 27 29 93 122 67 34 26 4 2

'- " "

T ypists, c la ss A ___ _ _ 4, 364 39 .0 65.00 33 160 625 1640 832 645 240 135 51 2 1Manufacturing _ ___ '2 ;1 8 9 -J 9 7 5 - ~ T 5 7 W _ - 1 71 26T"1 "773 - 45-9 " " T 60 w r

------r r ------ r^ - - -------- r - - - - -Nonmanufacturing 2, 175 38.5 64. 50 - - 32 89 356 867 373 285 71 64 36 2 - - - - - -

Public u tilit ie s* 175 40 .0 69.50 - - - - 27 31 34 20 31 25 7 - - - - - - -W holesale trade _ 307 39 .5 68.50 _ _ _ _ 22 56 102 100 13 12 _ 2 - - _ _ _ _Finance ** _ 1,190 37.5 62.00 _ _ 31 66 193 623 154 111 8 4 - - _ - . - _ _S erv ices _ 272 39 .0 65.00 ~ 10 54 101 28 39 17 20 3 - * - "

Typists, c la ss B _ ___ , 10,813 39 .0 55.50 1 200 1466 3485 3279 1719 484 123 33 23Manufacturing _ _ . 4'*T5S | "7975" ..56.TO - 24 ...271 1~TS7y 1532 ?95 TZ0~ 48 17 14 - - - - - - - _Nonmanufacturing ........ . . . . . . 6 ,555 38 .5 54.50 1 176 1195 2148 1747 924 264 75 16 9 - - - - - - - -

W holesale trade 1,337 39 .0 55.50 _ 18 217 466 287 220 105 14 10 - - - - - _ _ - _R etail trade __ _____ _ . ___ .. _ 912 40 .0 52.50 1 71 240 253 185 151 10 1 _ _ - , _ _ _Finance ** ________ ______ _ _ _ _ _ 3,087 38 .0 54.00 _ 68 523 1115 1030 296 40 15 - _ _ - _ - _ _ - S e r v ic e s _____________ 915 38 .5 57.00 19 91 247 192 234 76 41 6 9

Hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities.** Finance, insurance, and real estate.


9(Average straight-tim e w eekly hours and earnings 1 fo r se lected occupations studied on an area basis in C hicago, 111., by industry d iv ision , A p ril 1956)

Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations

Sex, occupation , and industry d iv isionN u m b er

ofw orkers

Average N U M B E R O P W O R K E R S R E C E I V I N G S T R A I G H T -T I M E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F

W eek lyh ours

(Standard)

W eek lyearnings

(Standard)

Under

to . 00

$60 .00andunder

65 .00

$65 .00

70. 00

70. 00

75 .00

75 .00

80 .00

s80.00

85.00

$85 .00

90 .0 0

$90 .00

9 5 .00

$95.00

100.00

$100.00

105.00

$105.00

110.00

$110.00

115.00

$115.00

120.00

$120.00

125.00

s125.00

130.00

$130.00

135.00

$135.00

140.00

S140.00

145.00

$145.00

150.00

$150.00

160.00

s160.00

170.00

s170.00

andover

Men

$D raftsm en, leader _______________ _______ 648 39.5 130.50 - - - - 2 1 3 9 - 21 10 21 n o 56 105 45 70 65 45 61 13 11

D raftsm en, sen ior __________________ 2, 865 39 .5 106.00 8 31 39 246 201 278 302 351 343 170 222 247 106 131 67 82 39 1 1M anufacturing ________________________ 1, 938 4 0 .0 103. 50 - - 2 13 26 220 174 194 237 259 215 83 123 175 41 88 37 38 13 - ------ j - iNonm anufacturing ____________________ 927 39.5 111.00 6 18 13 26 27 84 65 92 128 87 99 72 65 43 30 44 26 1

D raftsm en, ju n ior _______ 1,705 39.5 78.00 42 145 161 269 428 271 153 71 91 56 9 1 5 3 _ _ _ _ _ 1M anufacturing ________________________ 1,400 39.5 76. 50 36 135 148 254 373 213 80 39 65 43 6 1 5 2 - - - - - - - :N onm anufacturing ____________________ 305 39.5 83.50 6 10 13 15 55 58 73 32 26 13 3 1 " ~ :

T r a ce rs ---------------------------------------------------- 294 4 0 .0 63 .00 2 87 76 113 12 4 2 . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

W omen

N u rses, in d u s tr ia l(r e g is te re d )__________ 699 39.5 79.50 1 9 91 111 160 162 75 47 16 26 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ . _M anufacturing ________ __ ________ t t i r 39.5 79. 50 - 5 76 92 119 144 58 37 14 23 - - - - - - - - - - -N onm anufacturing_____________________ 131 39.5 78. 50 1 4 15 19 41 18 17 10 2 3 1

1 H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r w hich em ployees rece ive their regular stra igh t-tim e sa laries and the earnings corresp on d to these w eekly h ours.2 W orkers w ere d istributed as fo llow s: 11 at $45 to $50; 29 at $50 to $55 ; and 47 at $55 to $60 .

O ccupational Wage Survey, Chicago, 111., A p ril 1956 U .S . DEPARTMENT OF LABOR



10

Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations

(A verage hourly earnings 1 fo r men in se lected occupations studied on an area basis in C h icago, 111. , by industry d iv ision , A p ril 1956)

Occupation and industry d iv isionN u m b er

o fw orkers

A vera gehou rly

earn ings

N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E I V I N G S T R A I G H T -T I M E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S O F

Under$1. 70

$1.70and

under1.80

$1.80

1.90

$1.90

2.0 0

$2.0 0

2 .1 0

$2 .1 0

2 .2 0

$2 .2 0

2. 30

$2 .30

2 .4 0

$2 .4 0

2 .5 0

$2 .50

_L ^ o_

$2 .60

2 .70

$2 .70

_2J L

$2 .80

2 ,90

$2 .90

-3i_Q0....

$3 .00

3 .10

$3. 10

3 .2 0

$3.20

3 .30

$3. 30

3 .4 0

$3.40

.3.50

$3. 50

3, 60

$3 .60

3 .70

$3.70and

over

C arpenters, m aintenance ______________________ 1,248$2 .58 1 19 59 34 161 147 74 176 126 67 29 13 9 17 4 305 4 3

manufacturing ________________________________ 803 2 .36 - - 15 52 20 140 115 65 T6T ~ m r 49 27 10 1 14 1 12 - - - - -E lectric ian s , maintenance _ _ _ _ _ 3,276 2 .6 5 _ 2 4 12 67 152 225 270 436 394 677 225 222 104 14 49 70 21 310 19 3 _

M anufacturin g____ _ 2 ,514 2755 _ 2 4 7 56 130 2T2~1 269 344 384 59d 1 201 137 10 14 20 70 7 3 3 - --------r 3 _Nonmanufacturing _ _ _ 762 2.98 - - - 5 11 22 13 1 92 10 79 24 85 94 - 29 - 14 265 18 - -

Engineers, stationary ___________________________ 2,057 2 .6 1 10 31 34 36 96 20 150 215 136 170 120 62 760 95 42 30 18 15 2 _ _ 15Manufacturing 1,031 t ; 5? - 6 1 35 88 17 TOT 164 93 1 06 88 16 218 17 41 30 3 _ 2 _ - _N onm anufacturing____________________________ 1,026 2.71 10 25 33 1 8 3 46 51 43 62 32 46 542 78 1 _ 15 15 - _ 15

Retail trade ________________________________ 268 2 .7 5 - - - - 2 - 30 6 6 2 4 39 102 77 _ - - _ _ - _ _Finance * * __________________________________ 311 2.8 8 - - - - . 2 - - - - - 1 306 1 1 - - - - - - -

F irem en, stationary b o iler _ 1,057 2 .13 88 100 87 91 80 184 65 43 126 129 60 _ _ 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing _ _ 760 2 . 0'S 84 97 77 84 49 174 36 2 44 52 57 _ - 4 - - - - _ _ - _Nonmanufacturing 297 2 .3 4 4 3 10 7 31 10 29 41 82 77 3 - - - - - - - - - - -

H elpers, trades, m aintenance__________________ 2,277 1.99 58 82 428 743 573 164 105 2 1 22 31 _ 4 44 1 _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing _ _ _ _ 1,846 1.97 54 76 403 683 445 34 60 10 22 9 - 4 44 1 - 1 - _ _ - _ _Nonmanufacturing _ ... ............... . _. _ 431 2 .09 4 6 25 60 128 130 45 11 - 22 - - - - - - - - - - - -

M achine-tool op era tors , t o o lr o o m _____________ 2 ,490 2 .48 - - 18 12 57 226 155 309 573 295 442 145 184 53 9 6 6 _ _ _ _ -Manufacturing _________________________________ 2 ,490 2 .48 - - 18 12 57 226 155 3o9 573 295 442" 1'45 154 53 9 6 6" - - - - -

M achinists, maintenance _ _ 2,967 2 .6 1 _ _ _ 10 78 62 222 306 258 677 394 283 272 84 76 24 27 165 17 4 6 2Manufacturing 2,787 2.6 6 - 10 78 59 2T T H T5T " 254 665 516" "273 266 83 6 24 24 165 17 4 6 2

M echanics, autom otive (m aintenance) _ _ 1 ,864 2 .48 21 17 29 27 22 77 1 12 145 158 570 429 255 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing _ . __ . ........ " 382 2.8 8 - - - 3 4 36 60 93 99 86 8 - _ - - - - - - - _ .Nonmanufacturing ____________________________ 1,482 2.51 2 1 17 29 24 18 42 52 52 59 490 421 255 2 - - - - - - - _ _

Public u tilities * __________________________ 1,045 2 .50 21 17 29 21 10 36 30 19 11 367 229 255 - _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _Retail trade _____ . 245 2 .50 - - - 3 8 6 3 29 31 36 127 - 2 - - - - - - - - -

M echanics, m aintenance ........................ .... 3,481 2 .37 _ 9 4 235 206 540 458 384 525 454 250 213 163 22 17 _ _ 1 _ _ _Manufacturing ..... _____ ________ 8 ,024 2 .36 - 7 _ 2 2 o F5TT 462 416 136 473 448 235 183 43 22 17 - - - - - _ _Nonmanufacturing ____________________________ 457 2 .4 4 - 2 4 15 46 78 40 48 52 6 15 30 120 - - - 1 - - - -

M illwrights __ _ . . _ _ 2 ,078 2 .4 4 _ 16 84 60 63 147 390 626 427 93 120 12 5 _ 32 3 _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing ...... _ ... 2 ,0 1 2 2 .44 - - 16 84 6o 63 146 396 566 425 92 120 it 5 - 32 1 - - - - -

O iler 8 _ ... _ _ 1,199 1.99 63 81 154 345 27 3 136 60 25 60 1 _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing _________________________________ 1 , 1 0 2 1.96 ----- 57" ~~TT 164 ' 116 273 136 20 1 1 26 - - - - - - - - - - - _ _N onm anufacturing_____________ _______________ 97 2 .28 2 2 5 - 40 12 34 1 1 - * - - - * -

P ainters, maintenance . . . . _ . _ 1,002 2 .59 _ _ 45 7 84 108 116 82 43 97 61 12 21 5 _ 193 124 1 3 _ _Manufacturing _ 5UB 2 .3 5 - 16 7 82 68 86 72 35 62 33 l2 15 1 - 15 - 1 3 - -

P ipefitters , m aintenance________________________ 1,334 2 .54 _ _ _ 38 23 78 109 173 249 160 181 76 98 23 21 65 16 24 _ _ _ _Manufacturing _________________________________ 1,205 2 .49 - - - 38 23 76 107 173 T ? o " 155 180 71 55 23 - 64 - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing 129 2 .9 5 - - - - 2 2 - 9 5 1 5 43 - 21 1 16 24 - - -

P lum bers, m aintenance __ .............. ........... 120 2 .79 _ 1 _ _ 1 11 7 6 14 3 4 . 13 9 12 18 19 2 _ _ _ _Sheet-m etal w ork ers , m a in ten a n ce____________ 449 2 .5 5 _ . _ _ 8 19 39 24 65 98 79 56 55 1 l 2 _ 1 _ . 1 _

Manufacturing . _ . 2 .5 5 - - - - 8 1? 39 23 62 95 6? 54 35 1 1 - - 1 - - r~ -Tool and die m akers _ _ _ .... . 4 .247 2 .79 _ _ _ _ 22 64 159 259 242 644 785 547 509 457 407 142 8 1 1 _ _

Manufacturing _ __ _ 4 ,247 2 .79 ~ - 22 64 159 259 242 644 785 547 509 457 407 142 8 1 1 ~

1 Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for w ork on w eekends, holidays, and late sh ifts. * Transportation (excluding ra ilroa d s ), com m unication , and other public utilities.** Finance, insurance, and rea l estate.

Occupational Wage Survey, Chicago, III. , April 1956U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR



11

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations(Average hourly earnings 1 fo r se lected occupations 2 studied on an area basis

in C h icago, 111., by industry d iv ision , A p ril 1956)

O ccupation and industry d iv isionNumberofworker*

Averagehourly

earnings

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF

Under$1.00

$1. 00 and

under 1. 10

$1. 10

1 .20

$1. 20

$1. 30

1 .40

$1. 40

1, 50

$1. 50

1. 60

$1. 60

1. 70

$1 .70

l l 80

$1. 80

1.90

$1. 90

2 .00

$2 .00

2. 10

$2. 10

2. 20

$2. 20

2. 30

$2. 30

2. 40

$2. 40

2. 50

$2. 50

2. 60

$2. 60andover

E levator o p era tors , p assen ger (men) __ __ 2, 127$1. 89 26 112 104 11 3 28 10 14 120 32 1643 22 2

N onm anufacturing-------------------------------------------- 2,03d 1. 88 - 26 112 i w 11 2 28 - 5 112 22 1584 22 2 - - - -F in a n ce** ---------------------------- ---------- 1,637 1. 99 - - - - 4 - - 102 12 1499 18 2 - - - -

E levator o p era tors , passenger (women) ______ 421 1. 18 3 50 73 58 185 11 26 2 12 4 . _ _ _ . _ . _ _N onm anufacturing ------- __ __ __ 506 1. 16 50 73 58 185 10 25 1 4 - - - - - - - - - -

R etail t r a d e ------------------------------------------------- 148 1. 17 5 51 31 33 8 19 1 - - - - - - - - - -

Guards _____ __ __ __ __ ________ 2,894 1. 81 _ _ 30 29 121 280 284 300 282 345 307 278 420 216 1 1 . _M anufacturing . . . . ~ r r # r 1.85 - - -

--------14 131 194 255 230 273 207 192 225 200 1 1 - -

N onm anufacturing_____________________________ 965 1. 74 - - 30 23 107 149 90 45 52 72 100 86 195 16 - - - -F in a n c e * * ---------------------------------------------------- 573 1. 71 - 18 23 97 86 44 11 28 51 45 65 104 1 - - - -

Jan itors, p o r te rs , and clea n ers ( m e n )_____ 13.799 1. 63 126 391 871 788 875 1162 1761 1862 1457 1705 2058 302 150 112 24 150 4 1M an u factu rin g_________________________________ ' 8 , l3 l 1.66 8 107 96 306 4l0 777 1 3 ?S 1653 1 2 7 8 1464 275 83 144 nr 2 n o - -N onm anufacturing_____________________________ 5,668 1. 59 118 284 775 482 465 385 413 209 229 221 1783 237 6 4 22 30 4 1

P u blic u tilities * ............................................... 595 1.70 - 20 14 26 40 51 54 26 46 86 220 11 1 - - - -W holesale t r a d e ___________________________ 594 1. 53 - 10 57 41 57 64 104 85 123 33 10 1 - 4 5 - - -R eta il t r a d e ________________________________ 1, 529 1. 33 25 127 338 304 199 219 91 89 48 55 18 1 1 - 14 - - -F in an ce** _. _. ._ __ __ _ _ _ 1,720 1.94 - - 6 12 70 22 7 7 9 17 1334 224 4 - 3 - 4 1S e r v i c e s ------------------------------------------------------- 1. 230 1. 39 93 127 360 99 99 29 157 2 3 30 201 - - - - 30 * -

Jan itors, p o r te rs , and clea n ers (wom en) _____ 4, 749 1.47 . 25 152 210 185 228 231 3382 161 100 42 3 _ 30 . _ _ .M anufacturing _ ____ ____ _. _ 745 1.49 - 35 63 65 97 64 133 147 96 42 3 - - - - - - -N onm anufacturing_____________________________ 4. 004 1.47 25 117 147 120 131 167 3249 14 4 - - - - 30 - - - -

Pu blic u tilities * _____ _ _____________ 109 1.47 - - 1 2 14 23 69 - - - - - - - - - - -R etail t r a d e ------------------------------------------------ 336 1. 24 25 34 97 51 51 49 26 2 1 - - - - - - - - -F in a n ce** ____ __ _ ______ _ 2,923 1. 50 - 1 4 27 12 86 2782 10 1 - - - - - - - - -S erv ices __ _. ._ . __ __ _______ 544 1.47 - 40 35 35 24 8 372 - " - - - 30 - - - '

L a b o re rs , m ateria l h a n d lin g ___________________ 22,737 1. 78 9 72 214 570 922 1060 2424 3233 2979 3745 1716 4504 647 436 147 31 13 15M anufacturing . _____ _ 12,491 1. 73 - - 79 270 608 666 1 5 0 3 2124 2419 2433 872 858 344 28 0 58 31 3 5Non m an u factu rin g_____________________________ 10,246 1. 83 9 72 135 300 314 394 821 1109 560 1312 844 3808 303 156 89 - 10 10

P ublic utilities * ___________________________ 2,780 2.07 - - - - - 5 8 8 2 9 ' 13 2500 159 31 25 - 10 10W holesale trade _ __ . . __ . . . 4 ,614 1.79 - 18 10 137 148 267 202 811 388 1056 325 1096 33 59 64 - - -R etail t r a d e -------------------------------------------------- 2,780 1. 67 9 54 125 163 133 112 6 11 284 168 245 487 212 111 66 - " - -

O rder f il le r s _ . __ __ __ . . . . . . 7, 576 1. 78 30 157 82 211 252 290 464 976 997 1072 1368 853 495 244 15 51 19 _M anufacturing _ --------- ------- _ ~ x w ~ 1. 79 - ---------2 ------- * -------50 ----- 27 ------ 55 302 .."471 T H ---- " 415 ' ~ m 252 51 90 15 43 ' r -N onm anufacturing--------------------------------------- ___ 4,625 1. 78 30 155 78 161 225 202 162 505 224 657 1049 571 444 154 - 8 - -

W holesale trade ___________________________ 3, 273 1.77 30 110 67 142 43 127 33 429 214 536 972 410 142 18 - -P a ck e rs , shipping (men) __ ___ _ ____________ 6,621 1. 72 . 17 116 346 280 391 807 902 862 1066 1241 328 75 18 9 21 30 112

M anufacturing _ ________ . . _____ _. . . ___ 4,093 1. 78 - 11 11 93 168 222 465 494 692 792 558 233 55 17 9 21 30 112N on m an u factu rin g___ _________ . ____ ___ 2, 528 1. 64 - 6 105 253 112 169 342 408 170 274 573 95 20 1 - - - -

W holesale trade ___________________________ 1,987 1. 67 - - 85 179 43 120 235 364 134 204 528 95 - - - - - -R etail t r a d e -------------------------------------------------- 508 1. 55 - 6 14 74 56 47 107 39 36 70 38 - 20 1 - - - -

P a ck e rs , shipping (wom en) ______________________ 2,479 1. 55 18 61 326 139 184 358 184 243 460 249 256 . . - - 1 - .M anufacturing . ----------------------- ._ ___ _ 1,995 1. 58 - 30 246 98 124 297 163 113 ~ 450 247 216 - - - - 1 - -N onm anufacturing___ . ____ __ ___ 484 1.44 18 31 80 41 60 61 21 130 - 2 40 - - - - - - -

R eceiv in g c le rk s _ _ __ _____ _____ _ . 1,746 1.95 . 3 4 25 39 29 56 86 178 215 245 382 177 162 100 11 17 17M an u factu rin g_________________________________ 827 2. 01 - - - - 8 - 2 19 86 125 146 202 101 73 26 7 15 17N onm anufacturing 919 1.90 - 3 4 25 31 29 54 67 92 90 99 180 76 89 74 4 2 -

W holesale trade ____ _ _ 424 2. 00 - - - - - 2 29 38 29 16 30 140 68 - 72 - - -R etail trade __ __ _____ ___ ________ _ 470 1. 85 3 16 26 22 25 27 63 74 69 40 8 89 2 4 2

See footnotes at end of table.* Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities,** Finance, insurance, and real estate.

Occupational Wage Survey, Chicago, 111. , April 1956U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR



12

Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued(A verage hourly earnings 1 for se lected occu p a tion s1 2 3 studied on an area basis

in C h icago, 111. , by industry d iv ision , A p ril 1956)

O ccupation and industry d iv isionNumber

ofworkers

Averagehourlyearnings

NUMBER OF WORKEBS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF

Under$1.00

$1.00 and

under 1.10

$1. 10

1. 20

$1.20

1.30

$1 .30

1 .40

$1.40

1.50

$1. 50

1. 60

$1.60

1.70

$1.70

1. 80

$1. 80

1 .90

$1.90

2. 00

$2. 00

2. 10

$2. 10

2. 20

$2. 20

2. 30

$2. 30

2. 40

$2. 40

2. 50

$2. 50

2. 60

$2. 60 and over

Shipping c le rk s ______ _ ___ _____ 1, 550$2. 00 3 13 14 50 61 107 141 168 157 243 297 99 48 59 37 53

M anufacturin g____ ___ __ ------ _ ------- 84$ 2. 10 - - - - - - lO 37 71 82 TUB 146 138 93 -------TT~ 59 ------ 43 .N onm anufacturing__ - ------- _ ---------- 705 1. 87 - - 3 13 14 50 51 70 70 86 49 97 159 6 26 - 1 10

W holesale t r a d e _________ __________________ 511 1.91 - - - - - 43 43 58 23 68 34 83 125 - 24 - - 10R etail trade _ ___________ _ . ___ 170 1. 75 * - 3 13 14 7 8 12 43 18 13 12 21 4 1 1 -

Shipping and rece iv in g c le rk s _____ __ _ __ _ 1,280 1.95 _ 3 3 _ 5 l 67 109 199 76 280 167 182 51 55 13 35 34M anufacturing____ __ ___ _ _ _ __ __ W~ 1. 92 - - - - - - 40 85 123 44 ~ 240 36 11 16 44 1 31 28N onm anufacturing_____________________________ 581 1.99 - 3 3 - 5 1 27 24 76 32 40 131 171 35 11 12 4 6

W holesale trade _ _____ __ ______ ___ 384 2 .05 - ~ 14 10 23 - 33 117 155 21 1 6 4

T ru ck d riv ers4 __ _ _ ______ __ 12,446 2. 27 _ _ _ _ 1 1 44 21 24 32 78 388 3972 2504 2881 1396 1099 5Manufacturing _ _ .......... __ x n r 2 .T T - - - - - - ------ 6 n r ~ TT3----- ----- n ~ m 7T6---- 2T7 TUB u n -N onm anufacturing_________ _______________ 10,252 2. 25 - - - - 1 1 38 11 14 6 66 202 3562 2238 2644 1296 168 5

Public utilities * ____________________________ 5,495 2. 24 - - - - - - - 4 4 - - 18 2013 1646 1654 134 22 -W holesale trade __ _____ __ __ ___ 2 ,624 2. 28 _ - _ - - - 23 _ - - 13 174 742 410 362 900 - -Retail t r a d e -------------------------------------------------- 1,945 2. 29 - - * - 14 6 10 - 13 3 676 182 628 262 146 5

T ru ck d rivers , light (under l 1/* t o n s )________ 1,812 2. 28 _ _ _ _ ! 1 44 11 14 7 12 231 657 32 4 9 789 _M anufacturin g______________________________ 979 2. 43 - - - - - - 6 - - 7 12 112 51 2 - - 789 -N onm anufacturing__________________________ 833 2. 09 - - 1 1 38 11 14 - 119 606 30 4 9 - -

T ru ck d rivers , m edium ( 1 V2 to andincluding 4 t o n s )____________________________ 3, 889 2. 20 - - - - - - - 10 10 25 66 154 2177 456 598 253 135 5

M anufacturin g___ __ _ 7ITT" 2. 23 - - - - - - - 10 id 19 - 74 259 52 142 3 135 -N onm anufacturing___ _____ _ _____ __ 3, 185 2. 20 - - - - - - - - - 6 66 80 1918 404 456 250 - 5

Public utilities * ________________________ 1,594 2. 16 - - - - - - - - - - - 1225 194 175 - - -W holesale trade _ _ __ ___ _ 1, 336 2. 24 - ' - - - - - 13 74 544 210 260 235 -

T ru ck d rivers , heavy (over 4 tons,traile r type) , __________________. ________ 4 ,684 2. 31 - - - - - - - - - - - 3 481 1406 2051 592 151 -

M anufacturing _ ___________ _ __ 261 2. 32 - - - - - - - - - - - 32 78 58 88 5 -N onm anufacturing________ _________________ 4,423 2. 31 - - - - - - - - - - - 3 449 1328 1993 504 146 -

Public utilities * ____ __ _ _ _ __ _ 2 ,874 2. 29 - - - - - - - - - - - - 50 1292 1474 58 - -Retail t r a d e ___ ____ _____ _ _ ______ 961 2. 32 - - * - ~ 3 289 36 451 36 146

T ru ck d rivers , heavy (over 4 tons, ~

other than tra iler t y p e )______________________ 1,948 2. 30 - - - - - - - - - - - - 599 555 228 542 24 -N onm anufacturing---------------------------------------- T . 772.. 2. 50 " - " 437 191 533 It "

T ru ck ers , pow er (forklift) ______________________ 4, 184 1.97 _ _ _ _ 31 11 129 186 606 355 822 1259 374 88 80 237 6 _M anufacturing____ __ _ _ _____ 5, 568 ~T7U5 - - - - 24 9 128 178 586 34(3 714 lo 5 i TUB 46 76 2TB - -N onm anufacturing___________ ______ ____ _ 616 2. 05 - - - - 7 2 1 8 20 15 108 208 176 42 4 19 6 -

R etail trade _ _____ _ _ 217 2. 07 - - - 7 2 1 8 9 4 3 7 176 - - - - -

T ru ck ers, pow er (other than fo r k l i f t )__ _ __ 1, 104 1 .94 _ _ _ _ _ 42 39 39 234 53 280 198 168 1 _ 46 4Manufacturing __ __ _____ __ _____ _ __ _ 1,003 1. 92 ' - - - - 42 38 39 231 45 280 198 80 - - 46 - 4

W a tch m en _______ ^ . - _ 4, 842 1. 28 73 2693 95 170 348 239 315 181 307 220 66 4 4 18 7 7 49 10 _Manufacturing 1,359 1. 60 - 36 38 70 -~2S6 117 155 121 270 131 48 30 14 7 7 49 _ -Nonmanufacturing _.T .................._ 3 ,483 1. 15 73 2657 57 100 82 122 160 60 37 89 18 14 4 - - _ 10 -

Retail trade 308 1. 36 36 30 42 41 64 63 23 9

1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, holidays, and late sh ifts.2 Data lim ited to m en w ork ers except w here otherw ise indicated.3 A ll w ork ers w ere at $ 0 .9 0 to $1.4 Includes all d r iv ers regard less o f s ize and type o f truck operated.* T ransportation (excluding ra ilroa d s), com m unication , and other public utilities.


13

B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions

Table B-l: Shift Differential Provisions' 1 2

P ercen t o f m anufacturing plant w o rk ers

Shift d ifferential

(a)In establishm ents having form al prov is ion s fo r

lb)A ctually working on

Second shift w ork

Third o r other shift w ork Second shift

Third o r other shift

Total __ __ ____ ___________ _____ ____ ____________ 9 2 .3 8 1 .6 19.2 6 .5

With shift pay d iffe ren tia l___________________________________ 91 .2 8 0 .5 18.8 6 .4

U niform cents (per hour) ________________________________ 48 .7 36 .6 10.4 3 .6

Under 5 c e n ts __________________________________________ .6 .6 .1 . 15 cents __________________________________ ______ ... 4 .9 . 7 1.1 -6 cents __________________ ___________ ______________ _ 7 .3 - 1.8 -7 or 7 V2 cents _______________________________________ _ 2 .8 .8 .7 .28 or 8 V2 cents _ ____ ______ ______ _________ 1.8 .6 .5 t9 cents _ ____________________________________ _________ 4 .4 10.5 .6 1.710 cents __ ______ ______ __________ ______ 18.9 11.3 3 .4 .811 c e n t s _________________________________ ____ - . 6 - t12 or 12Vs cents _______________________________________ .8 2 .0 .3 .213 c e n t s _____________________________________ ____ .9 .9 .2 -14 or I4 V2 cents _______________________________________ .5 .7 .2 . 115 cents ____ ____ ___ ____ _ _ _ 1.9 6 .2 .4 .3Over 15 c e n ts . ___ . . . __ _ 3 .9 1.7 1.1 . 1

Uniform percentage ______________________________________ 39.9 36.8 7 .8 2 .0

5 percent _ _ ___ 8 .1 .7 1.9 -7 p e r c e n t ____________ _____________________ ________ . 5 .8 . 1 . 17 V2 percent __________________________________ _____ - 2 .1 - . 18 percent ________________________________________ .7 - t -10 p e r c e n t__________________ _________________________ 28 .8 27 .2 5 .5 1 .412V2 p e r c e n t_______ _______________ ___________________ 1.3 1.3 .2 t15 percent _ ___________ ______________________________ .5 4 .7 .1 .4

Other l_____________________________________________________ 2 .5 7 .1 .6 .9

No shift pay d iffe r e n t ia l_____________________________________ 1.1 1.1 .4 t

1 Shift d ifferential data are presented in term s o f (a) establishm ent p o licy , and (b) w ork ers actually em ployed on late shifts at the time o f the survey. An establishm ent was con sid ered as having a po licy if it m et either o f the follow ing con ditions: (1) O perated late shifts at the tim e o f the survey, or (2) had form al prov is ion s coverin g late sh ifts.

2 Includes such provisions as full pay for redu ced hours plus cents or percentage d ifferen tia l, t L ess than 0 .05 percent.

Occupational Wage Survey, Chicago, 111., April 1956U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR



Table B-2: Minimum Entrance Rates for Women Office Workers1

Number o f establishm ents with specified m inim um hiring rate in Number o f establishm ents with sp ec ified m inim um hiring rate in

M inimum rate (weekly sa lary) A ll

industries

M anufacturing N onmanuf actur ing M anufacturing Nonm anufacturing

B ased on staridard w eekly hours 2 o f A llIndustrie s

B ased on standard w eekly h o u r s 2 of

A llschedules 40

A llschedules 37 y , 40

A llschedules 40

A llschedu les 37 lU 40

Establishm ents s tu d ie d _____ ________________ ______________ 427 165 X X X 262 X X X X X X 427 165 X X X 262 X X X X X X

FOR INEXPERIENCED TYPIi5TS FOR OTHER INEXPERIENCED CL E R IC A L WORKERS

Establishm ents having a specified m inim um ______________ 235 103 82 132 20 83 252 101 79 151 23 95

Under $3 5 .0 0 ____________ _________ _____________________ 1 1 1 1$35 .00 and under $3 7 .5 0 _ 2 - - 2 - 2 2 - - 2 _ 2$37 .50 and under $4 0 .0 0 _________________________________ - - - - - - 2 - - 2 1 -$40 .00 and under $4 2 .5 0 _________________________________ 15 5 4 10 - 8 27 9 6 18 1 14$42 .50 and under $45 .0 0 _ _ _ 13 2 2 11 1 6 20 5 4 15 1 10$45 .00 and under $4 7 .5 0 _ __ ___ _ 38 16 13 22 6 9 59 22 15 37 7 19$4 7 .5 0 and under $50 .0 0 54 21 14 33 6 19 43 17 12 26 4 14$5 0 .0 0 and under $ 5 2 .5 0 _________________________________ 49 25 20 24 1 19 44 19 16 25 5 17$52 .50 and under $55 .00 23 13 9 10 3 5 20 13 10 7 1 6$55 .00 and under $57 .5 0 __ ____ _______________ _ __ 18 8 7 10 1 9 16 6 6 10 _ 8$57 .5 0 and under $60 .0 0 _ _ 6 5 5 1 1 - 4 3 3 1 1 _$60 .00 and under $62 .5 0 _________________________________ 10 4 4 6 1 4 8 3 3 5 1 4$62 .5 0 and under $65 .00 1 1 1 - - - 1 1 1 - - -$65 .00 and under $67 .50 - - - - - - 2 1 1 1 1 -$67 .50 and under $ 7 0 .0 0 3 2 2 1 - 1 2 2 2 - _ _$70 .00 and over _ _ 2 1 1 1 - 1 1 " " 1 1

Establishm ents having no sp ecified m inim um ____ __ _ __ 91 42 X X X 49 X X X X X X 106 38 X X X 68 X X X X X X

Establishm ents w hich tim e sa la r ies . Data are presented for a il w orkw eeks com bin ed , and for the m ost com m on w orkw eeks reported .

O ccupational Wage Survey, C h icago, I I I ., A p ril 1956 U .S . D EPARTM EN T O F LABOR

Bureau o f L abor Statistics


15

Table B-3: Scheduled Weekly Hours

P E R C E N T O F O F F IC E ^ W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D I N - P E R C E N T O F P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D I N

W eekly hoursA ll

industries ManufacturingPublic

utilities *Wholesale

trade Retail trade F in a n ce Services ^ 2 industries2 Manufacturing Public utilities *Wholesale

trade Retail trade Services

A ll w ork ers ... _ - 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 10 0 1 00 100 100

Under 3 5 hours __________________________________ t t 935 hours _ _ _ .. . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 t 6 t 5 10 t t _ _ _ 4O ver 3 5 and under 367* hours _________________ t _ t t _ _ _3 6 7 4 h o u r s ________________________________________ 3 t _ 3 t 8 t t 3 _ _ _ tO ver 367* and under 37 72 hours _______________ 3 5 _ _ t 5 t _ _ _ 337 72 hours .................... 14 14 3 10 5 29 13 3 4 _ tOver 37 72 and under 387* hours ______________ 3 _ _ t _ 11 3 t _ _ _ t387* hours 8 13 t t _ 10 9 t t _ f _O ver 387* and under 40 h o u r s _________________ t t _ 4 3 _ _40 hours __ _ .... ___ . __ 63 64 95 76 93 31 42 78 77 100 84 78 62O ver 40 and under 44 h o u r s ____________________ t t t t t - t t - - t 3 _44 hour s __________________________________________ t t _ t 3 t _ 3 12O ver 44 and under 48 h o u r s ____________________ t _ _ t t _ 4 5 _ 10 5 _48 hours _ ... ....... . t t - - t 5 3 _ _ 11 12O ver 48 h o u r s ____________________________________ " " 4 5 3 - 5

* Data re la te to w om en w ork ers only.Includes data for rea l estate in addition to those industry div isions shown separately ,

t L e ss than 2 .5 p ercen t.* Tran sportation (excluding ra ilroa d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities .** F inan ce, in surance , and rea l estate.

Table B-4: Paid Holidays1

P E R C E N T O F O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D I N P E R C E N T O F P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D I N

Item A llindustries M anufacturing

P u b licu tilities*

W holesaletrade R etail trade F in a n ce ** Services

A llindustries2 M an u facturin g

P u b lic ^ utilities *

W holesaletrade R eta il trade Services

A ll w ork ers . , . .... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100W orkers in estab lishm ents providing

paid holidays ._ ........... 99t

99 100 100 99 98 100+

97 99 97 100t

96 83L ess than 6 holidays t 7 4 7 596 holidays _____ ____ 56 68 13 69 97 26 65 61 61 30 7 5 82 23

Full days only _____ 49+

57+

12 62 97 18 59 53t

50t

30 72 82 23P lus 1 naif day _ . ._ 5 t 4 tP lus 2 half days . ... .... ............... 4 10 t t _ t 1 l l _ t _ tPlus 3 half days ............. . . . ... - t

f4

P lus 6 half days 37 holidays ... ......... .......... . 22 25 63 25 t 8 22 21 25 42 18 6 t

Full days only __ _ 21 24 63 25 t 5 17 21 24 42 18 6 ttP lus 1 half d a y ____________________________ t t - - 3 - t

+t - - -P lus 6 half days + _ _ _ _ 4 _ _ t

tt

8 holidays ... .... .... J 6 tt

4 tt

17 3 6 8 5 ttFull days only ............. ..... 5 6 4 6 3 6 8 3P lus 1 half day t 6 _

Plus 2 half days _ _ t . _ . t - 3 _ t - - t _ _Plus 3 half days _ t . _ - t _ _ _ _ _9 holidays i t 23 t 4 6 t

t26 t

tFull days only .. ..... _ _ ... ... .......... 3 23_ 3 6 _ 26

P lus 1 or 2 half d a y s _____________________ t l - t t _ _ _10 holidays _ ... ............. t - t 3 - t - - f - -Full days only . .......... t+

t t-j-

t t

Plus 1 half day __ __ _~11 holidays _ _ ... . _ ..... . ___ 9 . _ _ _ 40 3 t

ttt

_ t+Full days o n l y _____________________________ 8 - - - - 37 - .

P lus 1 half d a y ____________________________ t - - - - _ 3 i - _ _Plus 2 half days t - - - - 3 - - - - _ _ _

W orkers in estab lishm ents providingno paid holidays .... .... .............. t _ _ t t _ 3 t 3 _ 4 17

1 E stim ates re la te to fu ll-day holidays provided annually, as in e a r lie r studies. These and those who re ce iv e 1 or m ore half holidays in addition.

2 Includes data for rea l estate in addition to those industry d ivisions shown separately , f L e ss than 2 .5 p ercen t.* Tran sportation (excluding ra ilroa d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilities .** F inan ce, in su ran ce , and rea l estate.

are further divided between w ork ers who rece iv e m ere ly the indicated number o f fu ll-day holidays,

O ccupational Wage Survey, C h icago, 111. , - A pril 1956 U .S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

Bureau o f Labor StatisticsDigitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

16

Table B-& Paid Vacations

P E R C E N T O F O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D I N P E R C E N T O F P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN

Vacation p o licyAll

industries Manufacturing Public . utilities *Wholesale

trade Retail trade Finance ServicesAH

industries 1 Manufacturing Public utilities Wholesale

trade Retail trade Services

A ll w ork ers __ ------- __ ___ ____ _____ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

METHOD OF PAYM ENT

W orkers in establishm ents providing paidvacations __ --------------- __ ------- 99 100 100 100 100 99 100 99 100 100 2 98 100 96

L en gth -o f-tim e p a y m en t___________ __ 99 99 100 100 96 99 100 92 90 100 98 95 93P ercentage paym ent _ ______ _____ __ t t - - 4 - - 6 7 - - 5 -F la t-su m p a y m en t_____ __ ___ _____ ____ - - - - - - - t - - - - 3Other _____________________ __________________ _ . - - - - - - t 3 - - - -

W orkers in establishm ents providing no paidv a ca t io n s______ _____ __ _____ __ ___ t t t t 4

AMOUNT OF VACATION PAY

A fter 1 year o f se rv ice

Under 1 w e e k ____________________________________ . _ _ _ t t _ _ _ 31 week _ __________ ___ ___________ __ _ 20 15 9 25 69 3 28 77 83 63 61 62 84O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s _______________________ t t _ _ - - - t t - - - -2 weeks __ __ _____ __ __ __ __ __ _ 78 81 91 74 31 97 64 16 9 37 34 38 8O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ------- t _ _ t . - t T t . t - -3 w e e k s ________ _ __ _ __ __ __ ___ t t - - 7 3 5 * - t

A fter 2 years o f s e rv ice

Under 1 week __ _____ __ ______ ___ __ _ _ _ _ _ . t _ _ - _ 31 week _ ___ ________ _ ______ ___ _____ t 4 t 3 t - t 41 52 25 29 9 35O ver 1 and under 2 weeks ___ __ t t _ t _ . 7 9 _ 5 _ 62 weeks ____ _____________________ _______ 94 90 98 94 99 99 86 47 33 75 62 91 51O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s ______ _____ __ t - - t - - 3 t t - t - -3 w e e k s ___ ___ ____ __ __ __ _____ __ 3 5 - - 9 4 6 ~ * t

A fter 3 years o f se rv ice

Under 1 w e e k __________ __ _ __ __ __ _______ _ _ _ _ _ t _ _ _ 31 week _ ----------------------- ---- ----- __ __ __ __ t t - t t - t 21 28 - 13 7 3O ver 1 and under 2 weeks ________ __ __ t t _ - - - 9 12 - 3 - 62 weeks _______ ______________ _____________ 95 92 100 99 99 99 74 65 51 100 81 93 83O ver 2 and under 3 weeks _____ ___ ______ - t t - t . - 3 t t - t - _

4 5 22 4 6 t

See footnotes at end o f table. O ccupational Wage Survey, C h icago, 111., A p ril 195$* T ransportation (excluding ra ilroa d s ), com m u nication , and other public u tilit ies . U .S . DEPARTM EN T OF LABO RFinance, insurance , and rea l estate. B ureau o f L a bor S tatistics

NOTE: In the tabulations o f vacation allow ances by years o f s e rv ice , payments other than "length o f t im e ,"such as percentage o f annual earnings o r fla t-su m paym ents, w ere converted to an equivalent tim e b a s is ; fo r exam ple, a paym ent o f 2 percent o f annual earnings was con sidered as 1 w e e k 's pay.


17

Table B-5: Paid Vacations > Continued 1 2

V acation p o licyPERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN

Allindustries Manufacturing Public * utilities *Wholesale

trade Retail trade Finance ** Services All i industries Manufacturing Public * utilities Wholesaletrade Retail trade Services

A ll w o r k e r s _____ ________ ________ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

AMOUNT OF VACATION PA Y - Continued

A fter 5 yea rs o f s e rv ice

1 week _ _____ __________ __ ______ ____ _ t _ _ _ t _ t t t _ _ t 3O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s ___ _____ _____ - _ _ - t t - _ _2 weeks _ _ __ 90 89 100 94 95 87 72 89 88 100 95 84 92O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks _________ ____ __ 5 5 _ 3 t 10 3 4 4 _ 3 6 _3 w eeks __ _____ _____ ________ ________ __ 5 6 _ 3 t 3 24 6 7 _ t 8 t4 weeks and o v e r ______________ ________ - - - - - - t - - t


Under 2 w e e k s ____________________________________ t _ _ _ t _ t t t _ _ t 32 weeks ___________________ _______ ______________ _ 62 62 81 77 62 49 53 61 58 75 76 59 90O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ________ __ __ __ _ 8 5 16 3 3 16 t 12 13 20 4 83 weeks __ __ ____________ __ __ __ 28 30 t 17 35 35 41 25 28 5 17 30 34 weeks and o v e r _____ ___ ______ ___ _____ _ t 3 3 - - 5 t - ~ t - t


Under 2 w eeks ------------------------------------------------------- t _ _ t - - t t - - t 32 w e e k s ___________________________________________ 14 10 9 24 12 10 48 16 10 t 24 20 82O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s ----------------------------------- t t - t - t t t t - t - -3 w e e k s __________________________________________ - 80 85 75 72 88 85 44 79 86 79 72 78 11O ver 3 and under 4 w e e k s ----------------------------------- t - 16 - - - - t t 20 - - -4 w eeks and o v e r ------------------------------------------------- 3 3 3 3 7 t t t t

A fter 20 years o f s e rv ice

Under 2 w e e k s ______________ ____ _________ t _ _ _ t _ - t t - - t 32 w eeks ------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 9 9 24 11 10 46 15 9 t 22 18 78O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s ----------------------------------- t _ - t - t t t t - t - -3 w e e k s ------------------------------------------------------------------- 75 82 74 66 74 75 46 73 82 59 68 63 15O ver 3 and under 4 w e e k s ----------------------------------- t t - - - t - t t - "4 w eeks and o v e r ________________________________ 10 7 17 8 15 11 7 8 4 41 7 16 t


t _ _ _ t _ . t t - - t 32 w eeks ------------------------------------------------------------------- 13 9 9 23 11 7 43 15 9 t 20 18 78O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s ___ __ ------- t - - t - - t t t - t ~ 3 w eeks ----- -- _ __ - ~ 56 69 63 50 12 58 46 60 69 52 58 37 15O ver 3 and under 4 w e e k s ---------- ----------- t t - - - t - t t - - * 4 w eeks and o v e r _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ ------ 31 22 28 25 76 34 11 22 18 48 19 42 t

1 Includes data fo r rea l estate in addition to those industry d iv isions shown separately .2 A pproxim ately 2 p ercen t w ere in establishm ents that did not provide paid vacations until after 2 years o f s e rv ice , f L ess than 2. 5 percen t.* T ran sportation (excluding ra ilroa d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilities .F inance, in su ran ce , and rea l estate.


18

Table B-6: Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans

P E R C E N T O F O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D I N | P E R C E N T O F P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN

Type o f plan A llindustries M anufacturing

P u b licu tili t ie s*

W holesaletrade R eta il trade F i n a n o e * * Services

A ll ! industries M an u facturin g

P u b lic utilities *

W h olesa letrad e R eta il trade S ervices

A ll w ork ers _____________________________________ 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

W orkers in establishm ents providing:

L ife insurance ______________________________ 93 97 96 91 82 97 71 92 97 96 87 77 86A ccidental death and dism em berm ent

insurance __________________________________ 42 53 18 58 24 40 21 47 54 29 51 32 26Sickness and accident insurance

o r sick leave or b o th 1 2 ____________________ 75 84 95 67 83 58 46 87 92 96 66 74 76Sickness and accident insurance ______ 44 67 30 38 23 27 18 73 84 47 53 49 72Sick leave (full Day and no

waiting p er iod ) _________________________ 35 39 35 44 5 40 25 5 t 33 21 3 10Sick leave (partial pay or

waiting p er iod ) _________________________ 16 9 49 4 59 t 10 14 11 38 7 29 tH ospitalization insurance __________________ 79 88 42 82 79 84 60 86 91 56 78 80 87Surgical insurance _________________________ 78 87 41 81 68 88 62 83 90 56 76 66 80M edica l insurance __________________________ 51 59 18 58 21 65 40 55 60 26 51 38 70Catastrophe insurance ___________________ _ 17 9 16 7 39 30 7 7 5 20 5 11 5Retirem ent pension _________________________ 73 77 92 68 64 73 38 64 69 85 55 53 22No health, insurance, or pension

plan ________________________________________ 3 t t 4 13 t 9 3 2 2 8 7 9

1 Includes data fo r real estate in addition to those industry d iv isions shown separately.2 Unduplicated total o f w ork ers receiv in g sick leave o r sickness and accident insurance shown separately below, f L ess than 2. 5 percent.* Transportation (excluding ra ilroa d s), com m unication , and other public utilities.** Finance, insurance, and real estate.

O ccupational Wage Survey, C h icago, 111. , A p ril 1956 U .S . D EPARTM EN T OF LABOR

Bureau o f L abor S tatistics


Appendix* Job Descriptions 19

The prim ary purpose of preparing job descrip tion s fo r the B ureau s wage surveys is to a s s is t its fie ld staff in class ify ing into appropriate occupations w orkers who are em ployed under a va riety o f payro ll titles and different w ork arrangem ents from establishm ent to establishm ent and from area to area . This is essentia l in ord er to p erm it the grouping o f occupational wage rates representing com parable job content. B ecause o f this em phasis on inter establishm ent and in terarea com parability of occupational content, the B ureau s job descrip tion s m ay d iffer s ig n ificantly from those in use in individual establishm ents or those prepared fo r other p u rp oses . In applying these job descrip tion s, the B ureau 's fie ld representatives are instructed to exclude w ork ing su p e rv iso rs , apprentices, lea rn ers , beg inners, tra inees, handicapped w ork ers , p a rt-t im e , tem p ora ry , and probationary w ork ers .

O f f i c e

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR - ContinuedB ILL E R , MACHINE

P rep a res statem ents, b ills , and invoices on a m achine other than an ord in ary o r e le ctrom a tic typew riter. May a lso keep re cord s as to billings or shipping ch arges or p erform other c le r ic a l w ork in cidental to b illing op era tion s. F or wage study pu rposes, b il le r s , m ach ine, a re c la ss ifie d by type o f m achine, as fo llow s:

B ille r , m achine (billing m ach ine) - Uses a sp ec ia l billing m achine (M oon H opkins, E lliott F ish er, B urroughs, e tc . , which are com bination typing and adding m achines) to p repare b ills and in vo ices from cu s to m e rs ' purchase o rd e rs , internally p repared o r d e r s , shipping m em oranda , etc . Usually involves application o f p redeterm ined d iscounts and shipping charges and entry of n e ce ssa ry exten sion s, which m ay or m ay not be com puted on the b illing m ach ine, and totals which are autom atically accum ulated by m ach ine. The operation usually involves a large num ber of carbon cop ies o f the b ill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold m ach ine.

B ille r , m achine (bookkeeping m ach ine) - Uses a bookkeeping m achine (Sundstrand, lElliott F ish er , Remington Rand, e tc . , which m ay o r m ay not have typew riter keyboard) to prepare cu sto m e rs ' b ills as part o f the accounts rece ivab le operation. G enerally involves the sim ultaneous entry o f figures on cu stom ers ' ledger r e co rd . The m achine autom atically accum ulates figures on a num ber o f v e r t ica l colum ns and com putes and usually prints autom atica lly the debit o r cred it ba lan ces. Does not involve a know ledge o f bookkeeping. W orks from uniform and standard types of sa les and cred it s lip s .

BOOKKEEPING-M ACHINE OPE RA TO R

O perates a bookkeeping m achine (Remington Rand, E lliott F ish e r , Sundstrand, B urroughs, National Cash R egister, with o r w ithout a typew riter keyboard) to keep a re cord o f business transactions.

C lass A - Keeps a set o f re cord s requ iring a knowledge of and experien ce in ba sic bookkeeping prin cip les and fam iliarity with the structure of the particu lar accounting system used. D eterm ines p rop er re co rd s and distribution of debit and cred it item s to be used in each phase of the w ork . May p repare consolidated rep orts , balance sheets, and other re co rd s by hand.

C lass B - Keeps a re co rd of one or m ore phases or sections of a set of re co rd s usually requ iring little knowledge o f basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, cu s to m e rs ' accounts (not including a sim ple type o f billing described under b il le r , m achine), co st d istribution , expense distribution, in ventory con tro l, e tc . M ay check or a ss is t in preparation of tria l balances and prepare con tro l sheets fo r the accounting department.

CLERK , ACCOUNTINGC lass A - Under gen

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