bls_1285-1_1960.pdf

Occupational Wage Survey

MANCHESTER, NEW HAMPSHIREAUGUST 1960

Bulletin No. 1285-1

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional Offices _________[ New England Region18 Oliver Street

| Boston 10, Mass. Liberty 2-2115_______


Occupational Wage Survey

MANCHESTER, NEW HAMPSHIRE

AUGUST 1960

Bulletin No. 1285-1

October 1960

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABORJames P. Mitchell, Secretary

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. Price 20 cents


Preface

T h e C o m m u n ity W a g e S u r v e y P r o g r a m

T h e B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t i c s r e g u la r ly c o n d u c ts a r e a w id e w a g e s u r v e y s in a n u m b e r o f im p o r t a n t in d u s t r ia l c e n t e r s . T h e s t u d ie s , m a d e f r o m la t e f a l l to e a r ly s p r in g , r e la t e to o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s a n d r e la t e d s u p p le m e n t a r y b e n e f i t s . A p r e l i m i n a r y r e p o r t is a v a i la b le o n c o m p le t io n o f th e s tu d y in e a c h a r e a , u s u a l ly in th e m o n th fo l l o w in g th e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d . T h is b u l le t in p r o v id e s a d d it io n a l d a ta n o t in c lu d e d in th e e a r l i e r r e p o r t . A c o n s o l id a t e d a n a ly t i c a l b u l le t in s u m m a r iz in g th e r e s u l t s o f a l l o f th e y e a r 's s u r v e y s is i s s u e d a f t e r c o m p le t i o n o f th e f in a l a r e a b u l le t in f o r th e c u r r e n t r o u n d o f s u r v e y s .

T h is r e p o r t w a s p r e p a r e d in th e B u r e a u 's r e g io n a l o f f i c e in B o s t o n , M a s s . , b y L e o E p s t e in , u n d e r th e d i r e c t io n o f P a u l V . M u lk e r n , R e g io n a l W a g e an d I n d u s t r ia l R e la t io n s A n a ly s t .

Contents

I n t r o d u c t i o n __

P a g e

1

T a b l e s :

1. E s t a b l is h m e n t s an d w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y ______________ 2

A : O c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s :*A - 1. O f f i c e o c c u p a t io n s ___________________________________A - 2 . P r o f e s s i o n a l an d t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s ________A - 3. M a in t e n a n c e an d p o w e r p la n t o c c u p a t i o n s ______A - 4 . C u s t o d ia l an d m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t io n s

B : E s t a b l is h m e n t p r a c t i c e s an d s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g ep r o v i s i o n s : *

B - l . S h ift d i f f e r e n t ia l s _________________________________B - 2 . M in im u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r w o m e n

o f f i c e w o r k e r s ________B - 3 . S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r sB - 4 . P a id h o l i d a y s ____________B - 5 . P a id v a c a t io n s _______________________________________________________ 10B -6 . H e a lth , in s u r a n c e , an d p e n s io n p la n s ________________________ 12

A p p e n d ix : O c c u p a t io n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s ____________________________________________ 13

* N O T E : S im i la r t a b u la t io n s f o r t h e s e a n d o t h e r i t e m s a r e a v a i la b le in the r e p o r t s f o r s u r v e y s in o t h e r m a jo r a r e a s . A d i r e c t o r y in d ic a t in g d a te o f s tu d y an d the p r i c e o f the r e p o r t s is a v a i la b le u p on r e q u e s t .

U n ion s c a l e s , in d ic a t iv e o f p r e v a i l in g p a y l e v e l s , a r e a l s o a v a i la b le f o r s e v e n s e l e c t e d b u ild in g t r a d e s in th e M a n c h e s t e r a r e a .

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Occupational Wage SurveyManchester, N.H.

Introduction

This area is one of several important industrial centers in which the U.S Department o f L a b o r 's Bureau of Labor Statistics has conducted surveys of occupational earnings and related wage benefits on an areawide basis. In this area, data were obtained by personal visits of Bureau field econom ists to representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation ,1comm unication, and other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and se rv ices . M ajor in dustry groups excluded from these studies are government operations and the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having few er than a p rescribed number o f workers are omitted also because they furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to w arrant inclusion. Wherever possib le, separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions.

These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishm ents. To obtain appropriate accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of sm all establishments is studied. In combining the data, however, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. Estim ates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as r e lating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, ex cept for those below the minimum size studied.

Occupations and Earnings

The occupations selected for study are com m on to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational c la s sification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of interestablishm ent variation in duties within the same job . (See appendix for listing of these descriptions.) Earnings data are presented (in the A -se r ie s tables) fo r the following types o f occupations: (a) O ffice c le r ica l; (b) professional and technical; (c) maintenance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and m aterial movement.

Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for fu ll-tim e w orkers, i. e . , those hired to work a regular weekly schedule in the given occupational classification . Earnings data exclude premium pay for overtim e and fo r work on weekends, holidays, and

1 Railroads, form erly excluded from the scope of these studies, were included in all o f the areas studied since July 1959, except Baltim ore, Buffalo, Cleveland, and Seattle. Railroads are now in cluded in the scope o f all labor-m arket wage surveys.

late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded also, but c o s t -o f- living bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, as for office c ler ica l occupations, reference is to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-tim e salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar.

Average earnings of men and women are presented separately for selected occupations in which both sexes are com m only em ployed. D ifferences in pay levels o f men and women in these occupations are largely due to (1) differences in the distribution of the sexes among industries and establishments; (2) differences in specific duties perform ed, although the occupations are appropriately class ified within the same survey job description; and (3) differences in length of se rv ice or m erit review when individual salaries are adjusted on this basis. Longer average service of men would result in higher average pay when both sexes are employed within the same rate range. Job descriptions used in classifying em ployees in these surveys are usually m ore generalized than those used in individual establishments to allow for minor differences among establishments in specific duties perform ed.

Occupational employment estim ates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actually surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishments, the estim ates of occupational employment obtained from the sample o f establishments studied serve only to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occu pational structure do not m aterially affect the accuracy of the earnings data.

Establishment P ractices and Supplementary Wage Provisions

Information is presented also (in the B -ser ie s tables) on se lected establishment practices and supplementary benefits as they r e late to office and plant w orkers. The term "offite w orkers, " as used in this bulletin, includes working supervisors and nonsupervisory workers perform ing c ler ica l or related functions, and excludes administrative, executive, and professional personnel. "Plant w orkers" include working forem en and all nonsupervisory workers (including lead- men and trainees) engaged in nonoffice functions. Adm inistrative, executive, and professional em ployees, and force-accoun t construction em ployees who are utilized as a separate work force are excluded. Cafeteria workers and routemen are excluded in manufacturing industries, but are included as plant workers in nonmanufacturing industries.


2Table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Manchester, N. H. , 1 by major industry division, 2 August I960

Industry division

Minimum employment in establish

ments in scope of study

Number of establishments Workers in establishments

Within scope of

study 3Studied

Within scope of study Studied

Total4 Office Plant Total4

A ll divisions _________________ _______________________________ 51 104 62 23, 380 2, 250 18, 950 17,470

Manufacturing __________________________________________________ 51 63 36 17,970 910 15, 890 13,450Nonmanufacturing _ ------------------------------------------------------------------ 51 41 26 5,410 1, 340 3, 060 4, 020

Transportation, communication, and otherpublic utilities 5 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 51 10 10 2 , 010 410 1,090 2 , 010

Wholesale tra d e_________________________ _^________________ 51 7 3 760 (*) (?) 340Retail trade ----------- ---------------- ---------------------------------------- 51 14 7 1, 490 (?) (?) 810Finance, insurance, and real estate _____ __ 51 7 4 910 ( ) (?) 700Services 7 __ __ ___ __ __ ------ _ __ 51 3 2 240 ( 6) ( 6) 160

1 The Manchester Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (Manchester City and Goffstown town in Hillsborough County). The "workers within scope of study" estimates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other area employment indexes to measure employment trends or levels since (1) planning of wage surveys requires the use of e s tablishment data compiled considerably in advance of the payroll period studied, and (2) small establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey.

2 The 1957 revised edition of the Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments by industry division. Major changes from the earlier edition (used in the Bureau's labor market wage surveys conducted prior to July 1958) are the transfer of milk pasteurization plants and ready-mixed concrete establishments from trade (wholesale or retail) to manufacturing, and the transfer of radio and television broadcasting from services to the transportation, communication, and other public utilities division.

3 Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the m inim um -size limitation. A ll outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, fi nance, auto repair service, and motion-picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment.

4 Includes executive, professional, and other workers excluded from the separate office and plant categories.5 Taxicabs and services incidental to water transportation were excluded.4 This industry division is represented in estimates for "a ll industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the series A and B tables. Separate presentation of data for this divi

sion is not made for one or more of the following reasons: (1) Employment in the division is too sm all to provide enough data to merit separate study, (2) the sample was not designed initially to permit separate presentation, (3) reponse was insufficient or inadequate to permit separate presentation, (4) there is possibility of disclosure of individual establishment data.

7 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and engineering and architectural services.


Shift differential data (table B - l ) are lim ited to manufacturing industries. This inform ation is presented both in terms of (a) establishment p o licy ,2 presented in term s of total plant worker em ployment, and (b) effective practice, presented on the basis of workers actually employed on the specified shift at the time of the survey. In establishments having varied differentials, the amount applying to a m ajority was used o r , if no amount applied to a m ajority, the c la s sification "other" was used. In establishments in which some late- shift hours are paid at norm al rates, a differential was recorded only if it applied to a m ajority o f the shift hours.

Minimum entrance rates (table B -2) relate only to the establishments visited. They are presented on an establishment, rather than on an employment basis. Paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are treated statistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office workers if a m ajority of such w orkers are eligible or may eventually qualify for the practices listed . Scheduled hours are treated statistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office workers if a m ajority are co v e re d .3 Because of rounding, sums of individual items in these tabulations may not equal totals.

The firs t part of the paid holidays table presents the number of whole and half holidays actually provided. The second part com bines whole and half holidays to show total holiday tim e.

The summary of vacation plans is lim ited to form al arrangements, excluding inform al plans whereby time off with pay is granted at the d iscretion of the em ployer. Separate estim ates are provided according to em ployer practice in computing vacation payments, such as time payments, percent of annual earnings, or flat-sum amounts. However, in the tabulations of vacation allowances, payments not on a time basis were converted; for example, a payment o f 2 percent o f annual earnings was considered as the equivalent o f 1 w eek 's pay.

2 An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either o f the following conditions: (1) Operated late shifts at the time o f the survey, or (2) had form al provisions covering late shifts.

3 Scheduled weekly hours for o ffice workers (first section o f table B -3) in surveys made p rior to July 1957 were presented in term s of the proportion o f women o ffice w orkers employed in offices with the indicated weekly hours for women w orkers.

3

Data are presented for all health, insurance, and pension plans for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the em ployer, excepting only legal requirements such as workm en's compensation, socia l security, and railroad retirem ent. Such plans include those underwritten by a com m ercia l insurance company and those provided through a union fund or paid d irectly by the em ployer out of current operating funds or from a fund set aside fo r this purpose. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance.

Sickness and accident insurance is limited- to that type o f insurance under which predeterm ined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident disability. Information is presented for all such plans to which the em ployer contributes. However, in New York and New Jersey , which have enacted tem porary disability insurance laws which require em ployer contributions,4 plans are included only if the em ployer (1) con tributes m ore than is legally required, or (2) provides the employee with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick -leave plans are lim ited to form al plans 5 which provide full pay or a proportion of the w orker's pay during absence from work because of illn ess. Separate tabulations are provided according to (1) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans providing either partial pay or a waiting period. In addition to the presentation of the proportions o f w orkers who are provided sickness and accident insurance or paid sick leave, an unduplicated total is shown of workers who receive either or both types of benefits.

Catastrophe insurance, som etim es referred to as, extended m edical insurance, includes those plans which are designed to protect em ployees in case of sickness and injury involving expenses beyond the norm al coverage of hospitalization, m edical, and surgical plans. Medical insurance re fers to plans providing for com plete or partial payment of d octors ' fe e s . Such plans may be underwritten by com m ercial insurance companies or nonprofit organizations or they may be self-insured . Tabulations of retirem ent pension plans are lim ited to those plans that provide monthly payments for the remainder o f the w ork er 's life .

4 The tem porary disability laws in C alifornia and Rhode Island do not require em ployer contributions.

5 An establishment was considered as having a form al plan if it established at least the minimum number of days o f sick leave that could be expected by each em ployee. Such a plan need not be written, but inform al sick -leave allowances, determ ined on an individual basis, were excluded.


4A* Occupational Earnings

Table A-l. Office Occupations

(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, M anchester, N. H. , August I960)

Sex, occupation, and industry divisionNumber

ofworker*

Amass NUMBER OF WORXSB8 RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

Weekly hour* 1 (Steaderd)Weeklyearnings1

(Standard)

$40. 00

and under 45. 00

S45. 00

50. 00

$50. 00

55. 00

S55. 00

60. 00

*60. 00

65. 00

*65. 00

70. 00

$70.00

75.00

*75. 00

80. 00

*80. 00

85. 00

*85.00

90. 00

*90. 00

95. 00

*95.00

100.00

fo o .o o

105.00

f 05.00

110.00

110.00

115.00

)15.00

120.00

^20.00

125.00

^25.00

130.00

Men

Clerks, p a y ro ll_______________________________________ 15 40. 5 $60. 50 _ _ 9 1 _ _ 1 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Tabulating-machine operators, class B _____________ 19 40. 0 63. 00 _ _ _ 6 5 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .

Women

B illers , machine (billing m achine) __________________ 16 40. 0 53. 00 1 3 5 6 1 - - _ _ . _ _ _ _ - _ _

B illers , machine (bookkeeping m achine) ____________ 35 38. 5 58. 50 1 8 4 8 5 3 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . .

Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B ____________ 35 40. 0 58. 50_ 6 4 3 17 3 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ . . .

Manufacturing --------------------------------------------------------- 40. 0 6 l. 00 - 2 - 1 l l 3 2 - - - - - - - - _ . _Nonmanufacturing__________________________________ 16 40. 0 55. 00 - 4 4 2 6 - " - - - " - - - - - - -

C lerks, accounting, class A _________________________ 126 39. 0 68.50 - - 13 15 31 12 9 23 16 4 2 _ 1 _ _ _ _ _M anufacturing...................................... ............................... 27 40. 0 70.50 - - 5 2 5 2 1 1 7 i. 1 - 1 - - - - -Nonmanufacturing __________________________________ 99 38.5 67. 50 - - 8 13 26 10 8 22 9 2 1 - - - - - - -

Public u tilities2 ________________________________ 30 39. , 79. 00 - - ~ ~ - 4 18 5 2 1 - - - - -

C lerks, accounting, class B __________________________ 186 39. 0 53. 00 16 59 46 27 20 3 13 2 . - _ _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing ______________________________________ 35 40 0 51.50 6 10 8 4 4 - 1 2 - - - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing__________________________________ 151 38. 5 53. 50 10 49 38 23 16 3 12 - - - - - - - - - - -

Public utilities 2 __________________________ ______ 67 38.5 57. 00 - 15 18 10 11 3 10 - * - - - - - * -C lerks, file, class B __________________________________ 50 39. 0 47. 00 14 27 2 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

Nonmanufacturing __________________________________ 39 36. 5 47. 00 ~ n 21 7 - " - - - - -C lerks, p a y ro ll________________________________________ 118 40. 0 56. 50 n 23 28 14 12 14 3 11 1 - 1 - _ _ _ _ _

M anufacturing______________________________________ "98 40. 0 54. 50 u 22 27 10 10 13 1 i - - l - ' - - - - -Nonmanufacturing__________________________________ 20 39.5 67. 50 - 1 1 4 2 1 2 8 1 " - " -

Comptometer o p e ra to rs_______________________________ 32 40. 0 50. 50 4 5 16 7 _ - - - - - - - - - _ - _ _

Keypunch op erators____________________________________ 58 39.5 51. 50 4 22 19 5 6 _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

S ecreta r ies_____________________________________________ 106 40. 0 71. 50 _ 2 7 9 17 13 21 8 8 H 6 2 _ _ _ _ _ 2Manufacturing ............................................................... ...... 58 40. 0 68. 00 - 2 5 7 10 10 6 6 3 5 1 - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing __________________________________ 48 39.5 75.50 - - 2 2 7 3 15 2 5 6 3 1 - " - - 2

Stenographers, general ______________ _________________ 71 39. 0 59.50 1 4 13 15 21 11 3 3 - - - - - - - _ _ _Nonmanufacturing _________________________________ 59 39. 0 59.50 1 3 12 13 14 10 3 3 ~ " - _ " -

Switchboard operators _________________________________ 26 39. 5 56. 50 3 2 5 6 4 6 - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _Nonmanufacturing _________________________________ 15 39.5 58. 00 3 1 - 2 3 6 - - - - - -

Switchboard operator-receptionists ________________ 25 39.5 53. 50 2 5 9 3 4 l 1 - - - - - - - - . _ _M anufacturing______________________________________ 19 39.5 53. 00 2 4 7 2 2 l 1 - - " - " - - -

Transcribing-m achine operators, general ___________ 20 39.5 52. 50 4 4 6 1 2 3 _ - _ . _ _ . _ _ _ _ _

Typists, class A ___________________ :____ H.--____ _____ 32 39.0 55. 50 _ . 17 11 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ .Typists, class B _________________________ ____ ________ 101 39. 0 50. 00 22 26 29 17 5 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

M anufacturing___________________________________ ___ 20 39.5 48. 50 5 6 7 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing_________________________ _________ 81 39. 0 50. 50 17 20 22 16 4 2 - - - - - - - - - - - -

Public utilities 2 ......................................... .................. 24 40. 0 55. 00 " 2 8 12 2 '

1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.2 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities.


5Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations

(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Manchester, N.H. , August I960)

A v u u a a NUMBER o r WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

Sex, occupation, and industry division Numberofworkers

W eeklyhours 1

(Standard)

W eekly , earnings 1

(Standard)

$65. 00

and under 70. 00

f70. 00

75.00

$75. 00

80; 00

$80. 00

85. 00

$85. 00

90. 00

S90. 00

95. 00

S95. 00

100.00

$100.00

105.00

$105.00

110.00

$110.00

115.00

s115.00

120.00

$120.00

125.00

S125.00

130.00

S130.00

135.00

S135.00

140.00

$140.00

145.00

$145.00

150.00

Men

Draftsmen, s e n io r ------------------------- ------------------------------ 35 40. 0 $ 103.00 1 3 4 2 7 2 3 2 3 4 2 2

1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.

Table A-3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations

(Average straight-time hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an a fea basis by industry division, Manchester, N. H. , August I960)

NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF

Occupation and industry division NumberofworkersAverage hourly earnings 1 *1.00 and

under 1. 10

$1. 10

1.20

$1.20

1. 30

V 301.40

$1.40

1. 50

$1. 50

1. 60

$1. 60

1.70

$1.70

1. 80

$1. 80

1.90

1.90

2. 00

$2. 00

2. 10

$ .2. 10

2.20

1 .2 0

2. 30

$2. 30

2 .40

2.40

2.50

1 .5 0

2. 60

1 . 60

2.70

1. 70

2. 80

1 .80 '

2. 90

$2. 90

3. 00

*3. 00

3. 10

S. 103.20

Carpenters, maintenance _____________________- 17 $2 . 13 . _ _ . 1 1 6 3 1 . 2 _ _ _ . _ 3 _M anufacturing___ __________________________ 15 2. 10 - 1 1 6 3 1 - " " - - - 3 -

E lectricians, maintenance ____________________ 25 1.96 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 12 1 7 _ - - _ - 2 - - - - -Manufacturing _ ----- ------------------------------------- 25 ' 1.96 - - - - " - 3 12 1 7 - " 2 - -

Firem en, stationary boiler ----------------------------- 28 1.52 . _ 3 7 _ 6 6 6M anufacturing______________________________ 24 1.51 " - 3 7 4 6 4

H elpers, trades, maintenance ________________ 40 1.58 _ _ 5 2 _ 4 27 2M anufacturing--------- ------------------------------------- 36 1. 57 " - 5 2 " 4 23 2 - -

M achinists, m aintenance______________________ 27 2. 03 _ _ - _ _ - - 1 8 5 7 1 2 2 _ - 1 _ _ _ _M anufacturing______________________________ 27 2. 03 - - - - - - "

------ j -------5~ 5 7 ----- j 2 - 2 - " 1 - "

Mechanics, automotive (m aintenance)------------- 52 2. 14 - - - - - - - - 9 4 7 16 5 8 2 1 - * - - - -Nonmanufacturing ___ ___________________ 47 2. 14 - - - - - - - - 9 4 4 16 5 6 - 1 - - - - - -

Public utilities * ------------ ----------------------- 47 2. 14 - - - - - 9 4 4 16 5 8 - 1 " "

Mechanics, maintenance ---------------------------------- 49 2. 10 _ _ _ _ _ 8 19 1 2 1 3 8__ _ 1 - 3. - - - 3M anufacturing----------------------- ---------------------- 49 2. 10 " - - " 8 19 1 2 1 3 r ~ - 1 3 - - ~ 3

O ilers __________________________________________ 26 1. 33 2 6 _ 7 9 _ 1 _ 1 _ _ _ . _ _ - - - _ - - -Manufacturing ------------------------------------------- ----- 25 I . 33 2 6 " 7 9 1 1 *

Excludes premium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Transportation, communication, and other public utilities.


6Table A-4. Custodial and Material Movement Occupations

(Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Manchester, N. H. , August I960)

NUMBER OF WORKEBS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF

Occupation1 and industry division Numberof Avengehourly 2 Under $1. 00 *1.10 *1. 20 *1.30 $1. 40 *L. 50 60 *1.70 *1. 80 *1.90 *2. 00 *2.10 *2. 20 *2.30 *2. 40 *2. 50 *2. 60workers earnings $1. 00

andtinder - - - - - - - - - - - - - and1. 10 1. 20 1. 30 1. 40 1. 50 1. 60 1. 70 1. 80 1. 90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2. 30 2. 40 2. 50 2. 60 over

Janitors, porters, and cleaners _____________ 119$1. 35 1 22 15 18 15 7 22 2 4 5 8

Manufacturing _____________________________ 70 1. 30 - 18 11 6 13 2 12 - 4 4 - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------- 49 1. 42 1 4 4 12 2

5 10 2 1 8 "

Laborers, m aterial handling ------------------------- 203 1. 52 11 15 33 20 40 30 10 13 4 . . . 17 10Manufacturing --------------- ------------ -------- 96 1. 40 - - 7 22 8 32 20 6 1 - - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------- 107 1. 62 " 11 8 11 12 8 10 4 12 4 17 10 '

Order fillers ________ _________________________ 78 1. 51 6 2 9 5 33 9 12 2Manufacturing ----------- ---- ------------------------- 36 1. 40 - ------- 5 2 7 1 19 1 " " " " - - -

Packers, shipping (m e n )_____________________ 96 1. 61 6 3 7 26 10 10 5 25 . . 2 2Manufacturing ------------------- --------------------- 96 1.61 - 6 3 7 26 10 10 5 25 " 2 _ - - 2

Packers, shipping (women) --------------------------- 42 1. 37 _ 2 4 15 10 2 4 . 2 j 2 _ . .M anufacturing------------------------------------------------ 42 1. 37 - 2 4 15 10 2 4 - 2 1 2 - - - -

Receiving clerks _______________________________ 32 1. 67 _ _ 3 4 _ 3 5 4 4 1 _ 1 _ 5 2 _ . _M anufacturing--------------------------------- _ __ 15 1. 77 - - - 1 - - 2 4 3 1 - 1 - 3 - - - -Nonmanufacturing ______________________ 17 1. 57 3 3 3 3 1 " ~ 2 2 _

Shipping clerks ___ ______ ____ __ _ ___ 26 1. 78 _ _ _ _ 6 5 2 _ 1 1 3 _ 2 3 _ _ 3 _Manufacturing _____________ ___ ______ _ 16 1.92 " " 3 2 1 1 3 " 3 _ 3 _

Shipping and receiving c le r k s _________________ 26 1. 75 . . 1 2 3 _ 5 3 _ 4 1 2 3 _ _ . . 2M anufacturing------------------------------------------------ 21 1. 68 " - 1 3

5 3 " 4 2 3 " "

T ru ck d rivers3 ----------- ------- -------------- 135 2. 02 1 2 5 8 23 20 2 1 4 8 61Manufacturing ______________________________ 47 1. 82 - - - - 2 3 2 5 20 2 1 - 4 8 - - - -Nonmanufacturing___________________________ 88 2. 13 " " 1 2 6 18 " 61 "

Truckdrivers, medium(1V* to and including 4 tons) _______________ 19 1.96 - - - - - 3 1 4 1 - 1 _ - - 9 _ - -

Truckdrivers, heavy(over 4 tons, trailer type) ___ _______ 56 2. 11 - - - - - - - 1 19 - - - 4 8 24 - - -

M anufacturing------------------------------------------- 32 1.92 - - - - - 1 19 - _ 4 8 - - "Truckers, power (forklift) _____________________ 44 1. 81 _ _ _ _ 4 8 _ 10 2 5 _ 2 _ _ 13 . _ .

Watchmen ---------------------------------- ---- _ _____ 46 1. 27 14 4 4 3 13 7 1Manufacturing _______ _____ _ _ 44 1. 28 14 4 2 3 13 7

1 Data lim ited to men w orkers except where otherwise indicated.2 Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.3 Includes all d rivers regardless of size and type of truck operated.


7B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions

Table B-1. Shift Differentials

(Shift d iffe re n t ia ls o f m anufacturin g plant w o rk e rs by type and am ount, M an ch ester , N. H. , August I960)

P e rce n t o f m anufacturin g plant w o rk e rs ----

Shift d iffe re n t ia lIn estab lish m en ts having fo rm a l

p ro v is io n s 1 fo r ---- A ctu a lly w ork ing on

Second shift w ork

T h ird or other sh ift w ork Second shift

T h ird o r other sh ift

53. 3 42. 5 10. 5 5. 9

W ith sh ift pay d iffe re n tia l _______________________ 34. 8 39. 8 6. 4 5. 9

U n iform cen ts (p er hour) ____________________ 28.6 35. 4 5. 3 5. 7

4 cen ts _ ___________ ______________________ 3. 9 _ 1. 0 .5 cen ts ---------------------------------------------------------- 17. 1 - 3. 0 -7 cen ts ---------------------------------------------------------- - 15. 2 - 4. 4l l!z cen ts --------------------------------------------------- - 2. 6 - . 18 cen ts _______ ,______________________________ - 1. 9 - ( 2 )10 cen ts ------------------------------------------------------- 5. 0 14. 6 . 4 1. 1I 2 V2 c e n t s ____________________ ____________ 1. 5 _ . 3 _2 1 V3 cents __________________________________ 1. 1 1. 1 . 5 -

U n iform p ercen ta g e __________________________ 6. 2 4. 4 1. 2 . 2

5 p e r ce n t ___________________________________ 4. 4 _ 1. 110 p e r ce n t ___________ .._____________________ 1. 8 4. 4 . 1 . 2

No sh ift pay d i f f e r e n t ia l_________________________ 18. 5 2. 6 4. 1 -

1 In clu des esta b lish m en ts cu rre n tly op eratin g late sh ifts , and esta b lish m en ts w ith fo rm a l p ro v is io n s co v e r in g late sh ifts even though they w e re not cu rre n tly operatin g late sh ifts .

2 L e s s than 0. 05 p ercen t.


8Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers

(D istribution o f establishm ents studied in a ll industries and in industry d iv ision s by m inim um entrance sa lary for se lected ca teg or ies o f in experien ced w om ep o ffice w ork ers , M anchester, N. H. , August i960)

Inexperienced typists Other in experien ced c le r ic a l w ork ers 2

M inim um w eekly sa lary 1A ll

industries

M anufacturing N onmanufacturing

A llindustries

M anufacturing N onmanufacturing

Based on standard w eekly h o u r s 3 of B ased on standard w eekly h o u r s 3 of

A llschedule s 40

A llschedules 40

A llschedules 40

A llschedules 371/ 2 40

E stablishm ents studied ________ ___ ______________________ 62 36 kxx 26 X X X 62 36 X X X 26 xxx xxx

E stablishm ents having a specified m in im u m ---------------- 21 13 13 8 4 41 21 21 20 4 12

$ 37. 50 and under $40 . 00 _____________________________ _ _ - _ - 1 - - 1 1 -$ 40. 00 and under $ 4 2 .5 0 _____________________________ 4 4 4 - - 16 9 9 7 - 7$ 42. 50 and unde r $ 4 5 .0 0 ,_________________ ___________ 3 2 2 1 - 5 3 3 2 1 -$45 . 00 and under $ 4 7 .5 0 -------- ----------------------------------- 7 2 2 5 2 11 5 5 6 2 2$ 4 7 .5 0 and under $ 50 .00 _____________________________ 1 - - 1 1 3 - - 3 2$ 5 0 .0 0 and under $ 5 2 .5 0 _____________________________ 5 5 5 - - 3 3 3 - - -$ 52. 50 and over ------- -------------------------------------------- ----- 1 - 1 1 2 1 1 1 1

E stablishm ents having no specified m inim um _________ 5 3 X X X 2 X X X 7 3 X X X 4 xxx xxxE stablishm ents w hich did not em ploy w ork ers

in this c a t e g o r y _________ __________________________ ,___ 36 20 Kxx 16 X X X 14 12 Xxx 2 X X X xxx

1 Low est sa lary rate form a lly estab lished fo r h iring inexperien ced w ork ers fo r typing or other c le r ic a l jo b s ,2 R ates app licable to m essen g ers , o ffice g ir ls , or s im ilar su b cle r ica l job s are not con sid ered .3 H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek for w hich em ployees re ce iv e their regular stra igh t-tim e sa la r ies . Data are presented fo r a ll W orkweeks com bined, and fo r the m ost com m on w orkw eeks reported .

Table B-3. Scheduled Weekly Hpurs(P ercen t d istribution o f o ffice and plant w ork ers in all industries and in industry d iv isions by scheduled w eekly hours

of f ir s t -s h ift w ork ers , M anchester, N .H , August 1960)

W e e k l y h o u r s

OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS

All industries * Manufacturing Public Utilities 2 All industries 3 Manufacturing Pdblic utilities 2

A l l w o r k e r s __ _ ________ 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 JJM1 ^

3 5 h o u r s _ _ ____ * _ __ _ (4 ) 1 - 1 1 _

3 7 V2 h o u r s _________ 1 9 2 4 8 3 2 193 8 3/ 4 h o u r s rI _ ------ - , . _ 1 6 - - - - -3 9 3/ 4 h o u r s 4 - - - - -4 0 h o u r s , ......... ............... . . ......... . , - 5 8 9 7 5 2 71 7 6 3 84 4 h o u r s T,______ _ - - - 3 4 -4 4 h o u r s _ ................, -------- ----,------- - - - 5 6 -4 5 h o u r s .... # ...................... ............... 1 - - 5 1 43O v e r 4 5 a n d u n d e r 4 8 h o u r s - - - 6 4 -4 8 h o u r s _______ _ _ ____ , (4) 6 6

1 Includes data for w h olesa le trade; reta il trade; finance, insurance , and rea l estate; and se rv ice s in addition to those industry d iv ision s Shown separately .2 T ran sportation , com m u nication , and other public u tilit ies .3 Includes data for w holesa le trade, retail trade, rea l estate, and se rv ice s in addition to those industry d iv ision s shown separately .4 L ess than 0 .5 percen t.


9Table B-4. Paid Holidays

(P ercen t d istribution o f o ffice and plant w ork ers in all industries and in industry d iv isions by num ber o f paid holidays provided annually, M anchester, N .H ., August I960)

ItemOFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS

All industries 1 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities 2

A ll w ork ers ------------------------------- *----------------------- 100 100 100 100 100 100

W orkers in establishm ents providing= I

paid holidays --------------------------- *------------------- 98 100 100 98 100 100W orkers in establishm ents providing

no paid h o lid a y s_____ ___. . ___ ___ 2 " 2

N u m b er o f d a y s

4 holidays _ __ ----- _ . 4 55 h o l id a y s ------ ---------- ------- --------------.. 6 14 - 6 7 -6 holidays _ ---------- ----------_ 15 30 1 27 30 96 holidays plus 1 half day _ 1 3 - 2 2 -6 holidays plus 2 half days __ 1 3 - 3 3 -7 holidays _ ____ _____ 9 22 2 29 34 58 holidays ______ . . . . . . - - - 9 11 -8 holidays plus 1 half d a y ---------------------------------- 1 3 - 1 1 -8 holidays plus 2 half d a y s _________________ __ (4) 1 - 2 2 -9 h o lid a y s____________ _ ___ _____________________ 19 16 12 7 3 3810 holidays _______ _________ _________________ 43 9 81 5 - 4310 holidays plus 1 half d a y . . .__________________ 1 - 5 (4) - 510 holidays plus 2 half days . ___ . . . . _ 1 - - 1 - -11 h o lid a y s .._______ _^_______ _____ . . ___ _ - - - 2 - -11 holidays plus 1 half d a y . _________________ 2 " " ~

Total h o lid a y time *

11V* d a y s ---------------------------- __ ------------ 2 - - - - -11 o r m ore d a y s _______________________________ 2 - - 3 - -lOYz o r m ore days . . ______ 3 . 5 3 - 510 o r m ore days _____ _______ r r - 46 9 85 7 - 489 o r m ore days ___ . . . __ 65 26 97 16 6 868l/ i o r m ore days _. ----------------- ___ 66 28 97 17 7 $68 o r m ore days ______ _________ _ 66 28 97 27 18 867 o r m ore days ____. . . .__. . . ___ _. _ 76 54 99 58 55 916% o r m ore d a y s____ . . . . . . . _. . . ___ 78 56 99 60 58 916 o r m ore days ____________________ ___________ 92 86 100 88 88 1005 o r m ore d a y s ------- - ----- ------- ,------- ------ 98 100 100 94 95 1004 o r m ore days _____ ___ ______,_____ 98 100 100 98 100 100

1 Includes data fo r w holesale trade; re ta il trade; finance, insurance, and rea l estate; and se rv ice s in addition to those industry d iv isions shown separately .2 Tran sportation , com m u nication , and other public u tilit ies .3 Includes data fo r w holesale trade, reta il trade, rea l estate, and se rv ice s in addition to those industry d iv ision s shown separately .4 L ess than 0 .5 percen t.5 A ll com binations o f fu ll and half days that add to the sam e amount are com bin ed; fo r exam ple, the proportion o f w ork ers rece iv in g a total o f 7 days includes those with 7 fu ll days and

no half days, 6 fu ll days and 2 half days, 5 fu ll days and 4 half days, and so on . P rop ortion s w ere then cum ulated.


10

Table B-5. Taid Vacations(P ercen t d istribution o f o ffice and plant w ork ers in a ll industries and in industry d iv isions

by vacation pay p rov is ion s , M anchester, N. H. , August I960)

V acation p o licyOFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS

All industries 1 Manufacturing Public utilities2 All industries3 Manufacturing Public utilities2

A ll w ork ers _____________________ ________________ 100 100 100 100 100 100

Method off payment

W orkers in establishm ents providingpaid v a c a t io n s ------------------------------------------------- 100 100 100 100 100 100

L en gth -o f-tim e paym ent ____________________ 95 88 100 51 42 100P ercentage p a y m en t_________________________ 4 11 - 47 57 -F la t-su m paym ent ------------------------------------- ( 4) 1 - 2 2 -Other ________________________________________ - - - - - -

W orkers in establishm ents providingno paid vacations _____________________________ " " "

Amount off vacation p ay 5

A fter 6 months o f se rv ice

Under 1 w eek ______ __________ _____________ 12 19 56 671 week ------------------------------------------------------------------- 38 56 35 7 3 24O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ---------------------------------- 17 2 - - - -2 w eeks _________________________________________ 13 " 48 1 ~ 19

A fter 1 year o f se rv ice

Under 1 w e e k __ __________________ ________ __ (4) 1 _ 2 2 _1 w eek ____________________________________ ___ 25 42 16 89 94 48O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ---------------------------------- _ - _ 1 1 -2 w eeks _______________________________________ 74 57 84 8 3 52

A fter 2 yea rs o f se rv ice

Under 1 w eek ------------------------------------------------- ( 4) 1 2 21 w eek ------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 29 14 85 92 43O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s _________ _______ 2 3 2 2 2 42 w eeks __________________________________________ 82 67 84 11 4 52


Under 1 w eek _________________________ _ (4) 1 _ 2 2 _1 w e e k _____________ _________________________ 11 19 11 62 64 43O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ---------------------------- 5 12 - 25 29 -2 w eeks ----------------------------------------------------------------- 84 68 89 12 4 57

See footnotes at end o f table.


11

Table B-5. Paid Vacdtions-Continued

(P ercen t distribution o f o ffice and plant w ork ers in a ll industries and industry d iv ision s, by vacation pay p rov is ion s , M anchester, N. H. , August I960)

Vacation p o licyOFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS

All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities 2

Amount of vacation p a y 5 Continued


Under 1 w eek __________ ___________________ (4) 1 _ 2 21 week _____ ____________________________________ (4) - - 4 1 _O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ______________________ (4) 1 _ 2 2 _2 w eeks ________________________________________ 92 9 4 100 90 9 3 100O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks -------------------------- __ 4 _ - _ _ _3 w eeks ___ _____________ ______________________ 4 4 - 2 2 -

A fter 10 y ea rs o f s e rv ice

Under 1 w eek ---------- ------- --------------- ------- ( 4) 1 . 2 21 w eek ----------- ------------------------------ ------------- ( 4) - - 4 1 _O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ----- --------------- ( 4) 1 _ 2 2 _2 w e e k s ________ ______ __________________________ 72 8 9 64 8 5 9 2 67O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ______________________ 5 3 - 1 1 _3 w eeks ----------------------------------------------------------------- 22 7 36 6 2 33

A fter 15 yea rs o f s e rv ice

1 week ................... . . ............ ........ ( 4) _ . 4 1O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ____ __ _________ 1 2 _ 3 4 _2 w eeks ___________________________________________ 43 86 3 77 86 _3 w eeks ______ _________ ____________________ 55 10 97 14 7 1004 w eeks ___________________________________________ 1 3 - 1 1 "


1 w eek __ _ _____ _____ __ _ ____ ( 4) _ _ 4 1O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ------------------------------ 2 _ 3 4 _2 w eeks ___ __ _________________________________ 4 3 86 3 77 86 -3 w eeks _____ ____________________________________ 54 10 9 2 14 7 864 w eeks ----------------------------------------------------------------- 2 3 6 2 1 14


1 w eek ___ _____ _____ __ ___________ __ (4) _ _ 4 1 _O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ______________________ 1 2 - 3 4 _2 w eeks __________________________________________ 4 3 86 3 77 86 _3 w eeks ----------------------------------------------------------------- 4 8 10 61 12 7 674 w eeks ---------- ---------------------------------- ---------- 8 3 36 3 1 3 3

1 Includes data fo r w holesale trade; reta il trade; finance, insurance, and rea l estate; and se rv ice s in addition to those industry d iv ision s shown separately .T ransportation , com m unication , and other public utilities.

3 Includes data for w holesale trade, re ta il trade, rea l estate, and se rv ice s in addition to those industry d iv isions shown separately .4 L ess than 0. 5 percent.5 P eriod s o f s e rv ice w ere a rb itra rily ch osen and do not n ece ssa r ily r e fle c t the individual prov is ion s fo r p ro g re ss io n s . F or exam ple, the changes in proportion s indicated at 10 y e a rs ' s e r v

ice include changes in p rov ision s o ccu rrin g between 5 and 10 years.


12

Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans

(P ercen t o f o ffice and plant w ork ers in all industries and in industry d iv isions em ployed in establishm ents providing health, insurance, o r pension b en e fits , M anchester, N .H ., August I960)

OFFICE WORKERS | PLANT WORKERS

Type o f benefitAll industrial Manufacturing Publio utilities 2 1 All industries3 Manufacturing Public utilities 2

A ll w ork ers _ _ 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0

W ork ers in establishm ents providing:L ife insurance 7 9 6 0 9 8 6 9 6 8 9 6A ccidental death and dism em berm ent

6 6 7 4 9 4 6 0 6 1 9 0Sickness and accident insurance o r

s ick leave o r both4 8 7 8 4 9 5 7 4 7 8 8 8

S i r k n p a s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e ............. _ 4 8 8 0 4 1 6 8 7 4 5 5Sick leave (full pay and no

w a it in g p e r i o d ) 61 3 0 8 4 4 1 1 4Sick leave (partial pay or

(5)waiting period) ^-r,........ ......... 1 3 2 1 9

H ospitalization insurance _ 8 2 9 0 5 2 9 1 9 5 8 1S u r g i c a l i n s u r a n c e _ 8 4 9 5 5 2 9 2 9 6 8 1M edical insurance 5 7 6 9 5 2 7 9 81 81Catastrophe insurance . ___ 4 1 4 3 2 4 2 2 3R etirem ent pension .._T------------------------- 5 8 2 5 8 7 4 4 4 6 4 9No health, insurance, or pension plan _ __ 3 1

1 Includes data for w holesa le trad e ; reta il trade; finance, insurance , and rea l estate; and se rv ice s in addition to those industry d iv ision s shown separately .2 Tran sportation , com m u nication , and other public u tilit ies .3 Includes data for w holesa le trade, reta il trade, real estate, and s e rv ice s in addition to those industry d iv ision s shown separately .4 0nduplicated total o f w ork ers rece iv in g s ick leave or s ick n ess and accident insurance shown separately below . S ick -lea ve plans are lim ited to those w hich defin itely establish at least

the m inim um num ber o f d a y s ' pay that can be expected by each em ployee . In form al s ick -le a v e allow ances determ ined on an individual basis a re excluded .5 L ess than 0 .5 p ercen t.


13

Appendix: Occupational Descriptions

The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureaus wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau s field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers.

OFFICE

BILLER, MACHINE BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR

Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows:

Biller, machine (billing machine) U ses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc ., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from customers purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.

Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, e tc ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers* bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers ledger record. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips.

Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions.

Class A Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand.

Class B Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic bookkeeping* Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers* accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, inventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.

CLERK, ACCOUNTING

Class A Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a complete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establishment s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts


14

CLERK, ACCOUNTING Continued

payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting and closing journal entries; may direct c lass B accounting clerks.

Class B Under supervision, performs one or more routine accounting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routin ? account- ingwork is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers.

CLERK, FILE

Class A In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes correspondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or may supervise others in filing and locating material in the file s . May perform incidental clerical duties.

Class B Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been classified or which is easily identifiable, or locates or assists in locating material in files. May perform incidental clerical duties.

CLERK, ORDER

Receives customers'orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders.

CLERK, PAYROLL

Computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary data bn the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine.

COMPTOMETER OPERATOR

Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathematical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comptometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties.

DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO)

Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material.

KEYPUNCH OPERATOR

Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsibilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical keypunch machine, following written information on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating device attached to machine. May keep files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others.

OFFICE BOY OR GIRL

Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work.


SECRETARY

Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior.

STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL

Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator).STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL

Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work.SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR

Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office ca lls . May record toll calls and take m essages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator-receptionist.

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST

In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single position or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker's time while at switchboard.

15

TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR

Class A Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical accounting machines, typically including such machines as the tabulator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs complete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex reports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations and day-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators.

Class B Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical accounting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wiring from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabulations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine.

Class C Operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs, or repetitive operations.

TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL

Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general.


16

TYPIST

Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail.

Class / l Performs one or more o f the following: Typing material in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc-

P R O F E S S IO N A L

DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR(Assistant draftsman)

Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by draftsman or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman.

DRAFTSMAN, LEADER

Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in preparation of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their vork; performing more difficult problems. May assist subordinates di ing emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature.

DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR

Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc ., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those

TYPIST-Continued

tuation, etc ., of technical or unusual words or foreign language material; planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances.

Class B Performs one or more o f the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, etc .; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly.

AND T E C H N IC A L

DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Continued

involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specifications; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting.

NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)

A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel.

TRACER

Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple drawings and do simple lettering.


M AINTEN AN CE

CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE

Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE

Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, distribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, layout, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

ENGINEER, STATIONARY

Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigeration, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintainingequipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded.

17

D P O W E R P L A N T

FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER

Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment.

HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE

A ssists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning working area, machine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding materials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: Insome trades the helper is confined to supplying, lifting, and holding materials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis.

MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM

Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of precision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; making necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification.

MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE

Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Interpreting written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of machinist s handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and


18

MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE Continued

operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinist s work normally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE)

Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an e s tablishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in disassembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE

Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines.MILLWRIGHT

Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout

MILLWRIGHT Continuedare required. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations relating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the millwright s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

OILER

Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing surfaces of mechanical equipment of an establishment.

PAINTER, MAINTENANCE

Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an establishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface peculiarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, o ils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE

Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe required; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded.


19

PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE

Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber s snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE

Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheet- metal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blueprints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assembling; installing sheet- metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

TOOL AND DIE MAKER

(Diemaker; jig maker; toolmaker* fixture maker; gauge maker)

Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most o f the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications; using a variety of tool and die maker s handtools and precision measuring instruments, understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processes. In general, the tool and die maker s work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification.

C U ST O D IA L AND M A T E R IA L MOVEMENT

ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER

Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded.

GUARDPerforms routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour,

maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. Includes gate- men who are stationed at gale and check on identity o f employees and other persons entering.JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER

(Sweeper; charwoman; janitress)

Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial

JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER Continued

or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded.

LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING

(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper)

A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more o f the following: Loading and unloading various materials and merchandise on or


20

LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING Continued

from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded.

ORDER FILLER

(Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman)

F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, customers orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties.

PACKER, SHIPPING

Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded.

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK

Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is responsible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments; maintaining necessary records and files.

SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Continued

For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows:

Receiving clerkShipping clerkShipping and receiving clerk

TRUCKDRIVER

Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport materials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of establishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail establishments and customers houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded.

For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.)

Truckdriver (combination o f sizes listed separately) Truckdriver, light (under 1% tons)Truckdriver, medium (1% to and including 4 tons)Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type)Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)

TRUCKER, POWER

Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment.

For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follow s:

Trucker, power (forklift)Trucker, power (other than forklift)

WATCHMAN

Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry.

U S. G O V E R N M E N T P R IN T IN G O F F IC E : 1960 0 567803


Occupational Wage Surveys

Occupational wage surveys will be conducted in the 82 major labor markets listed below during late I960 and early 1961. Bulletins, when available, may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C., or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover.

A summary bulletin containing data for 80 labor markets, combined with additional analysis, will be issued early in 1962.

Akron, Ohio Bull. 1285-AlbanySchenectadyTroy, N.Y. Bull. 1285- Albuquerque, N. Mex. Bull. 1285- AllentownBethlehemEaston,

Pa.-N .J . Bull. 1285- Atlanta, Ga. Bull. 1285- Baltimore, Md. Bull. 1285- BeaumontPort Arthur, Tex. Bull. 1285- Birmingham, Ala. Bull. 1285-

Boise, Idaho Bull. 1285- Boston, Mass. Bull. 1285- Buffalo, N.Y, Bull. 1285- Burlington, Vt. Bull. 1285- Canton, Ohio Bull. 1285- Charleston, W. Va. Bull. 1285- Charlotte, N.C. Bull. 1285- Chattanooga, Tenn.Ga. Bull. 1285- Chicago, 111. Bull. 1285-

Cincinnati, OhioKy.-Bull. 1285- Cleveland, Ohio Bull. 1285- Columbus, Ohio Bull. 1285- Dallas, Tex. Bull. 1285- DavenportRock IslandMoline, Iowa111.

Bull. 1285-Day ton, Ohio Bull. 1285- Denver, Colo. Bull. 1285- Des Moines, Iowa Bull. 1285- Detroit, Mich. Bull. 1285- Fort Worth, Tex. Bull. 1285-

Green Bay, Wis. Bull. 1285-2Greenville, S.C. Bull. 1285-Houston, Tex. Bull. 1285-Indianapolis, Ind.-Bull. 1285-Jackson, Miss. Bull. 1285-Jacksonville, Fla. Bull. 1285-Kansas City, Mo.Kans. Bull. 1285-LawrenceHaverhill, Mass.N.H. Bull. 1285-Little RockNorth Little Rock, Ark. Buil. 1285-

Los AngelesLong Beach, Calif. Bull. 1285 Louisville, Ky.Ind. Bull. 1285- Lubbock, Tex. Bull. 1285"Manchester, N.H. Buil. 1285-1Memphis, Tenn.-Bull. 1285-Miami, Fla. Bull. 1285-Milwaukee, Wis. Bull. 1285-MinneapolisSt. Paul, Minn. Bull. 1285-MuskegonMuskegon Heights, Mich. Bull. 1285-

Newark and Jersey City, N.J. Bull. 1285-New Haven, Conn. Bull. 1285-New Orleans, La. Bull. 1285-New York, N.Y. Bull. 1285-NorfolkPortsmouth and Newport News

Hampton, Va.-Bull. 1285- Oklahoma City, Okla. Bull. 1285- Omaha, Nebr,Iowa Bull. 1285- PatersonCliftonPassaic, N.J. Bull. 1285- Philadelphia, Pa. Bull. 1285- Phoenix, Ariz. Bull. 1285-

Pittsburgh, Pa. Bull. 1285-Portland,. Maine Bull. 1285-Portland, Oreg.Wash. Bull. 1285-ProvidencePawtucket, R .I.Mass. Bull. 1285-Raleigh, N.C. Bull. 1285-Richmond, Va. Bull. 1285-Rockford, 111. Bull. 1285-St. Louis, M o.-Ill. Bull. 1285-Salt Lake City, Utah Bull. 1285-

San Antonio, Tex. Bull. 1285- San BernardinoRiversideOntario,

Calif. Bull. 1285-San FranciscoOakland, Calif.i^Bull. 1285- Savannah, Ga. Bull. 1285- Scranton, Pa. Bull. 1285- Seattle, Wash.-Bull. 1285*Sioux Falls, S. Dak. Bull. 1285- South Bend, Ind. Bull. 1285-

Spokane, Wash.-Bull. 1285- Toledo, Ohio Bull. 1285- Trenton, N.J. Bull. 1285- Washington, D.C.Md.Va. Bull. 1285- Waterbury, Conn. Bull. 1285- Waterloo, Iowa Bull. 1285- Wichita, Kans. Bull. 1285- Wilmington, Dei.N.J. Bull. 1285- Worcester, Mass. Bull. 1285- York, Pa. Bull. 1285-

An asterisk preceding a labor market indicates the availability and price of the bulletin. Please do not order copies in advance*


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