bls_1285-23_1961.pdf

Occupational Wage Survey

FO R T W O R T H , T E X A SNOVEMBER 1960

Bulletin No. 1285-23

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, SecretaryBUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

Ewan Clagua, Commissionar

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

O ccu p atio n a l W age S u rv e y

F O R T W O R T H , T E X A S

NOVEMBER 1960

Bulletin No. 1285-23January 1961

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Arthur J. Goldberg, SecretaryBUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS

Ewan Clagua, Commissioner

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. Price 25 cents


P r e fa c e

T h e C o m m u n ity W age S u r v e y P r o g r a m

T he B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a t is t ic s r e g u la r ly co n d u cts a re a w id e w ag e s u r v e y s in a n u m b e r o f im p o rta n t in d u s tr ia l c e n te r s . T he s tu d ie s , m ad e fro m la te f a l l to e a r ly s p rin g , r e la te to o ccu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and r e la te d s u p p le m e n ta ry b e n e fits . A p r e l im in a r y re p o r t is a v a ila b le on c o m p le tio n o f the stu d y in e a ch a r e a , u s u a lly in the m on th fo llo w in g the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu d ied . T h is b u lle tin p ro v id e s a d d itio n a l d ata not in c lu d e d in the e a r l ie r r e p o rt . A c o n so lid a te d a n a ly tic a l b u lle tin s u m m a riz in g the r e s u lts of a ll o f the y e a r 's s u r v e y s is is s u e d a ft e r c o m p le tio n of the f in a l a r e a b u lle tin fo r the c u r r e n t round of s u r v e y s .

T h is r e p o r t w as p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 's re g io n a l o ffic e in A tla n ta , G a. , b y D on ald M . C r u s e , u n d er the d ir e c t io n o f L o u is B . W o ytych , A s s is t a n t R e g io n a l D i r e c to r fo r W ages and In d u s tr ia l R e la tio n s .

C on ten ts

P a g e

In tro d u ctio n _____________________________________________________ 1W age tre n d s fo r s e le c te d o ccu p a tio n a l gro u p s ______________________ 4

T a b le s :

1. E s ta b lis h m e n ts and w o r k e r s w ith in s co p e o f s u r v e y __________ 32. P e r c e n ts o f chan ge in s ta n d a rd w e e k ly s a la r ie s and s t r a ig h t -

tim e h o u r ly e a rn in g s fo r s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n a l g r o u p s _______ 3

A : O ccu p a tio n a l e a r n in g s : *A - 1. O ffic e o ccu p a tio n s ___________________________________ 5A - 2. P r o f e s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s ________________ 7A - 3. M a in te n a n ce and p o w e rp la n t o c c u p a t io n s _______________ 8A - 4 . C u sto d ia l and m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t o ccu p a tio n s _________ 9

B: E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p le m e n ta ry w age p r o v is io n s : *

B - l . S h ift d if fe r e n t ia ls ___________________________________ 11B -2 . M in im u m e n tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r w om en o ffic e

w o r k e r s ___________________________________________ 12B -3 . S ch ed u led w e e k ly h o u rs ______________________________ 12B -4 . P a id h o l id a y s _______________________________________ 13B - 5 . P a id v a c a tio n s ______________________________________ 14B -6 . H ealth , in s u ra n c e , and p e n sio n p l a n s _________________ 16

A pp en d ix: O c cu p a tio n a l d e s c r ip t io n s ________________________________ 17

* N O T E : S im ila r ta b u la tio n s fo r m o s t o f th e se ite m s a r ea v a ila b le in the F o r t W orth a r e a re p o r t fo r N o v e m b e r 1959, as w e ll as in s im i la r re p o r ts fo r the o th e r m a jo r a r e a s . A d ir e c t o r y in d ica tin g date of s tu d y and the p r ic e o f the r e p o r ts , is a v a ila b le upon re q u e s t.

i i i


O c c u p a t io n a l W a g e S u rv e y Fort W orth , T e x .

Introduction

T h is a r e a is one of s e v e r a l im p o rta n t in d u s tr ia l c e n te rs in w h ich the U. S. D e p a rtm en t o f L a b o r *s B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta t is t ic s has con ducted s u r v e y s o f o ccu p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and r e la te d w age b e n e fits on an a re a w id e b a s is . In th is a r e a , data w e r e o b tain ed b y p e r s o n a l v is i t s o f B u re a u f ie ld e c o n o m is ts to r e p r e s e n ta t iv e e sta b lish m e n ts w ith in s ix b ro a d in d u s try d iv is io n s : M a n u fa ctu rin g ; t r a n s p o r t a t io n ,1co m m u n ica tio n , and o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t ie s ; w h o le s a le tra d e ; r e t a i l tra d e ; fin a n ce , in s u ra n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s . M a jo r in d u s try g ro u p s e x c lu d e d fro m th e se s tu d ies a r e g o v e rn m e n t o p e ra tio n s and the co n stru c tio n and e x tr a c t iv e in d u s tr ie s . E s ta b lis h m e n ts h avin g fe w e r than a p r e s c r ib e d n u m b er o f w o r k e r s a r e o m itte d a ls o b e c a u s e th e y fu r n is h in s u ff ic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the o ccu p a tio n s stu d ied to w a r ra n t in c lu s io n . W h e r e v e r p o s s ib le , s e p a r a te tab u la tio n s a r e p ro v id e d fo r e a c h o f the b ro a d in d u s try d iv is io n s .

T h e se s u r v e y s a r e co n d u cted on a s a m p le b a s is b e c a u s e of the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in s u r v e y in g a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts . To obtain a p p ro p ria te a c c u r a c y at m in im u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p ro p o rtio n of la r g e than o f s m a ll e s ta b lish m e n ts is stu d ied . In co m b in in g the d a ta , h o w e v e r , a l l e s ta b lish m e n ts a r e g iv e n th e ir a p p ro p ria te w eig h t. E s t im a te s b a se d on the e sta b lish m e n ts stu d ied a r e p re s e n te d , t h e r e fo r e , as r e la tin g to a l l e s ta b lish m e n ts in the in d u s try gro u p in g and a r e a , e x ce p t fo r th o se b e lo w the m in im u m s iz e stu d ied .

O ccupations and Earnings

T he o ccu p a tio n s s e le c te d fo r stu d y a r e com m on to a v a r ie t y o f m a n u fa ctu rin g and n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s . O ccu p a tio n a l c l a s s if ic a t io n is b a se d on a u n ifo rm s e t o f jo b d e s c r ip tio n s d e sig n e d to tak e a cco u n t o f in te re s ta b lis h m e n t v a r ia t io n in d u ties w ith in the sa m e jo b . (See ap p en dix fo r l is t in g o f th e se d e s c r ip t io n s .) E a rn in g s d ata a r e p re s e n te d (in the A - s e r ie s ta b le s) fo r the fo llo w in g ty p e s o f o c c u p a tio n s: (a) O ffic e c le r ic a l ; (b) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (c) m a in te n an ce and p o w e rp la n t; and (d) c u s to d ia l and m a te r ia l m o ve m e n t.

O ccu p a tio n a l em p lo y m e n t and e a rn in g s d ata a r e show n fo r fu l l- t im e w o r k e r s , i . e . , th o se h ir e d to w o rk a r e g u la r w e e k ly s c h e d u le in the g iv e n o ccu p a tio n a l c la s s if ic a t io n . E a rn in g s d ata e x c lu d e p re m iu m p a y fo r o v e rt im e and fo r w o rk on w ee k en d s , h o lid a y s , and

1 R a ilr o a d s , f o r m e r ly e x c lu d ed fro m the s co p e o f th e se s tu d ie s , w e r e in clu d ed in a l l o f the a r e a s stu d ied s in c e J u ly 1959, e x ce p t B a lt im o r e , B u ffa lo , C le v e la n d , and S e a tt le . R a ilro a d s a r e now in clu d ed in the sco p e o f a l l la b o r - m a r k e t w age s u r v e y s .

la te s h ifts . N on production b o n u ses a r e e xc lu d ed a ls o , but c o s t - o f- liv in g b o n u ses and in ce n tiv e e a rn in g s a r e in clu d ed . W h ere w e e k ly h o u rs a r e re p o rte d , as fo r o ffic e c le r ic a l o ccu p a tio n s , r e fe r e n c e is to the w o rk sch e d u le s (rounded to the n e a r e s t h a lf hour) fo r w hich s tr a ig h t- t im e s a la r ie s a re paid; a v e ra g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s fo r th e se o ccu p a tio n s h ave b een rounded to the n e a r e s t h a lf d o lla r .

A v e r a g e e a rn in g s o f m en and w om en a re p re s e n te d s e p a r a te ly fo r s e le c te d o ccu p a tio n s in w h ich both s e x e s a r e co m m o n ly em p lo yed . D iffe r e n c e s in p a y le v e ls of m en and w om en in th e se o ccu p a tio n s a r e la r g e ly due to (1) d if fe r e n c e s in the d is tr ib u tio n o f the s e x e s am ong in d u s tr ie s and e sta b lish m e n ts ; (2) d if fe r e n c e s in s p e c if ic d u ties p e r fo rm e d , a lth ou gh the o ccu p a tio n s a r e a p p ro p r ia te ly c la s s i f ie d w ith in the sa m e s u r v e y jo b d e sc r ip tio n ; and (3) d if fe r e n c e s in len g th of s e r v ic e o r m e r it r e v ie w w hen in d iv id u a l s a la r ie s a r e ad ju ste d on th is b a s is . L o n g e r a v e ra g e s e r v ic e of m en w ould r e s u lt in h ig h e r a v e r a g e p a y w hen both s e x e s a r e em p lo y ed w ith in the sa m e ra te ra n g e . Job d e s c r ip tio n s u sed in c la s s ify in g e m p lo y e e s in th e se s u r v e y s a re u s u a l ly m o re g e n e r a liz e d than th o se u sed in in d iv id u a l e s ta b lish m e n ts to a llo w fo r m in o r d if fe r e n c e s am ong e sta b lish m e n ts in s p e c if ic d uties p e r fo r m e d .

O ccu p atio n al e m p lo ym en t e st im a te s r e p r e s e n t the to ta l in a ll e s ta b lish m e n ts w ith in the sco p e o f the stu d y and not the n u m b er a c tu a l ly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d if fe r e n c e s in o ccu p a tio n a l s tr u c tu r e am ong e sta b lis h m e n ts , the e st im a te s of o ccu p a tio n a l e m p lo y m en t obtain ed fro m the sa m p le of e s ta b lish m e n ts stu d ied s e r v e on ly to in d ica te the r e la t iv e im p o rta n ce o f the jo b s stu d ied . T h e se d if fe r e n c e s in o c c u p a tio n a l s tr u c tu r e do not m a te r ia l ly a ffe c t the a c c u r a c y o f the e a r n in gs data.

E s ta b lis h m e n t P r a c t ic e s and S u p p lem e n ta ry W age P r o v is io n s

In fo rm a tio n is p re s e n te d a ls o (in the B - s e r ie s ta b le s ) on s e le c te d e sta b lish m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p le m e n ta ry b e n e fits a s th e y r e la te to o ffic e and p lan t w o r k e r s . T he te r m o f fic e w o r k e r s , as u se d in th is b u lle tin , in c lu d e s w o rk in g s u p e r v is o r s and n o n s u p e r v is o ry w o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g c l e r ic a l o r r e la te d fu n ctio n s, and e x c lu d e s a d m in is t r a t iv e , e x e c u tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l p e r s o n n e l. P la n t w o r k e r s " in clu d e w o rk in g fo re m e n and a l l n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (in cludin g le a d - m en and tra in e e s ) en g ag ed in n o n o ffice fu n ctio n s. A d m in is tr a t iv e , e x e c u tiv e , and p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s , and fo r c e -a c c o u n t co n stru ctio n e m p lo y e e s who a r e u t il iz e d a s a s e p a ra te w o rk fo r c e a r e e xc lu d ed . C a fe te r ia w o r k e rs and ro u tem en a re e x c lu d e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s , but a r e in clu d ed as p lan t w o r k e r s in n o n m an u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s .


2S h ift d if fe r e n t ia l data (tab le B - l ) a r e lim ite d to m a n u fa ctu rin g

in d u s tr ie s . T h is in fo rm a tio n is p re s e n te d both in te r m s o f (a) e s t a b lis h m e n t p o l i c y ,2 p re s e n te d in te r m s o f to ta l p lan t w o r k e r e m p lo y m en t, and (b) e ffe c tiv e p r a c t ic e , p re s e n te d on the b a s is o f w o r k e r s a c tu a lly em p lo y ed on the s p e c if ie d sh ift at the t im e o f the s u r v e y . In e sta b lish m e n ts havin g v a r ie d d if fe r e n t ia ls , the am ount a p p ly in g to a m a jo r ity w as u se d o r , i f no am ount a p p lied to a m a jo r ity , the c l a s s if ic a t io n " o th e r 1' w as u se d . In e sta b lish m e n ts in w h ich so m e la te - s h ift h o u rs a r e p aid at n o rm a l r a te s , a d if fe r e n t ia l w as re c o rd e d o n ly i f it a p p lied to a m a o r it y of the s h ift h o u rs .

M in im um e n tra n ce r a te s (tab le B -2 ) r e la te o n ly to the e s t a b lish m e n ts v is ite d . T h e y a re p re s e n te d on an e sta b lish m e n t, ra th e r than on an e m p lo y m en t b a s is . P a id h o lid a y s; p a id v a c a tio n s ; and h e alth , in su ra n c e , and p en sio n p lan s a r e tre a te d s t a t is t ic a l ly on the b a s is th at th e se a r e a p p lica b le to a ll p lan t o r o ffic e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r i t y o f su ch w o r k e r s a r e e lig ib le o r m a y e v e n tu a lly q u a lify fo r the p r a c t ic e s lis te d . Sch ed u led h o u rs a r e tre a te d s t a t is t ic a l ly on the b a s is th at th e se a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll p lan t o r o ffic e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r ity a r e c o v e re d . 3 B e c a u s e o f rounding, su m s of in d iv id u a l ite m s in th e se tab u latio n s m a y not equ al to ta ls .

The f i r s t p a r t of the p aid h o lid a y s ta b le p r e s e n ts the n u m b e r o f w hole and h a lf h o lid a y s a c tu a lly p ro v id e d . The seco n d p a r t co m b in es w hole and h a lf h o lid a y s to show to ta l h o lid a y t im e .

The s u m m a ry of v a ca tio n p lan s is lim ite d to fo r m a l a r r a n g e m e n ts , exc lu d in g in fo r m a l p lan s w h e re b y tim e o ff w ith p a y is g ran ted at the d is c r e t io n o f the e m p lo y e r . S e p a ra te e s t im a te s a r e p ro v id e d a c c o rd in g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t ic e in com p uting v a c a tio n p a y m e n ts , su ch as tim e p a y m e n ts , p e r c e n t o f annual e a r n in g s , o r f la t - s u m am o u n ts. H o w ev er, in the tab u latio n s o f v a c a tio n a llo w a n c e s , p ay m e n ts not on a tim e b a s is w e r e c o n v e rte d ; fo r e x a m p le , a p aym en t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f annual e a rn in g s w as c o n sid e re d a s the e q u iv a len t of 1 w e e k 's p ay .

2 A n e sta b lish m e n t w as c o n sid e re d a s h a vin g a p o lic y i f it m et e ith e r o f the fo llo w in g co n d itio n s; (1) O p e ra ted la te s h ifts at the tim e o f the s u r v e y , o r (2) had fo r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te s h ifts .3 S ch ed u led w e e k ly h o u rs fo r o ffic e w o r k e r s ( f ir s t s e c tio n of ta b le B -3 ) in s u r v e y s m ade p r io r to J u ly 1957 w e r e p re s e n te d in te r m s o f the p ro p o rtio n o f w om en o ffic e w o r k e r s e m p lo y ed in o ffic e s w ith the in d ica te d w e e k ly h o u rs fo r w om en w o r k e r s .

D a ta a r e p re s e n te d fo r a ll h e a lth , in s u ra n c e , and p en sio n p lan s fo r w h ich at le a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t is b o rn e b y the e m p lo y e r , e x ce p tin g on ly le g a l re q u ir e m e n ts su ch as w o r k m e n 's co m p en sa tio n , s o c ia l s e c u r it y , and r a ilr o a d re t ire m e n t. Such p lan s in c lu d e th o se u n d e rw ritte n by a c o m m e r c ia l in su ra n c e co m p an y and th o se p ro v id e d th rou gh a union fund o r p a id d ir e c t ly b y the e m p lo y e r out o f c u r re n t o p e ra tin g funds o r fro m a fund s e t a s id e fo r th is p u rp o s e . D eath b e n e fits a r e in clu d ed as a fo rm o f l i fe in s u ra n c e .

S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in su ra n c e is lim ite d to that typ e o f in s u ra n c e u n d er w h ich p re d e te rm in e d c a s h p ay m e n ts a r e m ad e d ir e c t ly to the in su re d on a w e e k ly o r m o n th ly b a s is d u rin g i l ln e s s o r a c c id e n t d is a b ility . In fo rm a tio n is p re se n te d fo r a l l su ch p lan s to w h ich the e m p lo y e r c o n tr ib u te s . H o w ev er , in N ew Y o r k and N ew J e r s e y , w h ich h ave e n a cted te m p o r a r y d is a b ility in su ra n c e la w s w h ich r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n tr ib u tio n s ,4 p lan s a r e in clu d ed o n ly i f the e m p lo y e r (1) c o n tr ib u te s m o re than is le g a l ly re q u ir e d , o r (2) p ro v id e s the e m p lo y e e w ith b e n e fits w h ich e x c e e d the re q u ir e m e n ts o f the la w . T ab u latio n s of p aid s ic k - le a v e p lan s a r e lim ite d to fo r m a l p lan s 5 w h ich p ro v id e fu ll p ay o r a p ro p o rtio n o f the w o r k e r 's p a y d u rin g a b se n ce fro m w o rk b e c a u s e of i l ln e s s . S e p a ra te tab u latio n s a r e p ro v id e d a c c o rd in g to (1) .plans w h ich p ro v id e fu ll p a y and no w a itin g p e r io d , and (2) p lan s p ro v id in g e ith e r p a r t ia l p ay o r a w a itin g p e r io d . In ad d ition to the p re se n ta tio n o f the p ro p o rtio n s of w o r k e r s who a r e p ro v id e d s ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in su ra n c e o r p a id s ic k le a v e , an u n d u p licated to ta l is show n o f w o r k e r s who r e c e iv e e ith e r o r both ty p e s o f b e n e fits .

C a ta stro p h e in su ra n c e , s o m e tim e s r e f e r r e d to as exten d ed m e d ic a l in su ra n c e , in c lu d e s th o se p lan s w h ich a r e d e sig n e d to p r o te c t e m p lo y e e s in c a s e of s ic k n e s s and in ju r y in v o lv in g e x p e n s e s beyond the n o rm a l c o v e r a g e of h o s p ita liz a tio n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l p la n s . M e d ic a l in su ra n c e r e f e r s to p lan s p ro v id in g fo r co m p lete o r p a r t ia l p ay m en t of d o c t o r s 1 fe e s . Such p lan s m a y be u n d e rw ritte n b y c o m m e r c ia l in su ra n c e co m p an ies o r n o n p ro fit o rg a n iz a tio n s o r th e y m a y be s e lf - in s u r e d . T ab u latio n s o f r e t ir e m e n t p e n sio n p la n s a r e lim ite d to th o se p lan s that p ro v id e m o n th ly p a y m e n ts fo r the re m a in d e r o f the w o r k e r 's l i fe .

4 T he te m p o r a r y d is a b ili ty la w s in C a lifo r n ia and R hode Is la n d do not r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n tr ib u tio n s .5 A n e sta b lish m e n t w as c o n s id e re d as h a vin g a fo r m a l p la n i f it e s ta b lis h e d at le a s t the m in im u m n u m b e r o f d a y s o f s ic k le a v e th at could be e x p e c te d by e a c h e m p lo y e e . Such a p lan n eed not be w ritte n , but in fo r m a l s ic k - le a v e a llo w a n c e s , d e te rm in e d on an in d iv id u a l b a s is , w e r e e x c lu d e d .


3Table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Fort Worth, Tex. by major industry division, 2 November I960

Minimum Number of establishments Workers in establishments

Industry divisionemployment in establish W ithin Within scope of study Studied

ments in scope of study

scope of study 3

StudiedTotal 4 Office Plant Total 4

All divisions _________________________________________ __ ___ 50 356 122 84, 900 15, 000 51,100 60, 080

Manufacturing ------------------------------------------------- ------------- 50 131 48 45, 500 6, 400 28, 500 36, 050Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------- -----------------------

Transportation, communication, and other50 225 74 39, 400 8, 600 22, 600 24, 030

public utilities 5 ------------------------------------------------------------ 50 33 19 12, 200 2, 000 6, 600 11, 120Wholesale trade ------------------------ ----------------------- ---------- 50 47 10 4, 900 (6) (!) 1, 300Retail trade ------------------------------------------------ -------------------- 50 80 24 15, 400 ( ) (!) 8, 310Finance, insurance, and real estate --------------- ------- 50 34 10 3, 800 (*) (!) 1, 910Services7 --------------------------------------------------- ------------ __ 50 31 1.1 3, 100 (6) (6) 1, 390

1 The Fort Worth Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (Johnson and Tarrant Counties). The "workers within scope of study" estimates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other area employment indexes to measure employment trends or levels since (1) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled considerably in advance of the payroll period studied, and, (2) small establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey.

2 The 1957 revised edition of the Standard Industrial Classification Manual was used in classifying establishments by industry division. Major changes from the earlier edition (used in the Bureau's labor market wage surveys conducted prior to July 1958) are the transfer of milk pasteurization plants and ready-mixed concrete establishments from trade (wholesale or retail) to manufacturing, and the transfer of radio and television broadcasting from services to the transportation, communication, and other public utilities division.

3 Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the minimum-size limitation. All outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair service, and motion-picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment.

4 Includes executive, professional, and other workers excluded from the separate office and plant categories.5 Taxicabs and services incidental to water transportation were excluded.6 This industry division is represented in estimates for "a ll industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A and B tables. Separate presentation of data for this division is not made

for one or more of the following reasons: (1) Employment in the division is too small to provide enough data to merit separate study, (2) the sample was not designed initially to permit separat* presentation, (3) response was insufficient or inadequate to permit separate presentation, (4) there is possibility of disclosure of individual establishment data.

7 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organizations; and engineering and architectural services.

Table 2. Percents of change in standard weekly salaries and straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in Fort Worth, Tex. ,

November 1959 to November I960

Occupational groups Allindustries Manufacturing

Office clerical (women) ---------------------------------------- 4. 9 6. 9Industrial nurses (women) ------------------------------------ . 5 1. 0Skilled maintenance (men) ------------------------------------ 4. 3 4. 1Unskilled plant (men) -------------------------------------------- 1 - . 5 3.9

1 Increases for this group in manufacturing industries were offset by a decline in nonmanufacturing industries; the decline in the latter group largely re flects shifts in employments in this job group between high- and low-rate establishments rather than wage decreases.


4Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups

P resen ted in table 2 are p ercen ts o f change in sa la r ie s o f w om en o ffic e c le r ic a l w ork ers and in du stria l n u rses , and in average earnings o f se le cte d plant w ork er grou ps.

F o r o ffic e c le r ic a l w ork ers and industria l n u rses , the p e r cents o f change relate to average w eekly sa la rie s fo r n orm al hours o f w ork, that is , the standard w ork schedule fo r w hich s tra ig h t-tim e sa la rie s are paid. F o r plant w ork er grou ps, they m ea su re changes in stra igh t-tim e h ourly earn ings, excluding prem iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w ork on w eekends, h olidays, and late sh ifts. The p e r centages are based on data fo r se le cted key occu pation s and include m ost o f the n u m erica lly im portant jo b s within each group. The o f f ic e c le r ic a l data are based on w om en in the follow in g 18 jo b s : B ille r s , m achine (b illing m ach in e); book k eep ing -m ach in e o p e ra to rs , c la ss A and B; C om ptom eter o p e ra to rs ; c le rk s , f i le , c la ss A and B; c le rk s , o rd e r ; c le rk s , p a y ro ll; keypunch o p e ra to rs ; o ffic e g ir ls ; s e c r e ta r ie s ; sten ograph ers , gen era l; sw itchboard o p e ra to rs ; sw itchboard o p e ra to r - r ecep tion ists ; tabulating-m achine o p e ra to rs ; tra n scr ib in g -m a ch in e o p e ra to rs , gen era l; and typ ists , c la ss A and B. The in dustria l nurse data are based on w om en industria l n u rses . Men in the fo llow in g 10 sk illed m aintenance job s and 3 unskilled job s w ere included in the plant w ork er data: Skilled ca rp en ters ; e le c tr ic ia n s ; m a ch in ists ; m e chan ics ; m ech an ics , autom otive; m illw righ ts ; pa in ters ; p ip e fitte rs ; sh eet-m eta l w ork ers ; and too l and die m a k ers ; unskilled ja n ito rs , p o r te r s , and c le a n e rs ; la b o re rs , m a teria l handling; and watchm en.

A vera ge w eekly sa la ries o r average h ourly earnings w ere com puted fo r each o f the se le cte d occu pation s. The average s a l a r ies o r h ourly earnings w ere then m u ltip lied by the average em p loy m ent in the jo b during the months indicated in the title o f table 2.

T h ese w eighted earn ings fo r individual occu pation s w ere then totaled to obtain an aggregate fo r each occu pation al group. F in a lly , the ratio o f these group aggregates fo r the one y ear to the aggregate fo r the oth er yea r was com puted and the d iffe re n ce betw een the resu lt and 100 is the p ercen t o f change fr o m the one p e r io d to the other.

The p ercen t o f change m e a su re s , p r in cip a lly , the e ffe cts o f (1) g en era l sa la ry and w age changes; (2) m e r it o r other in cre a se s in pay re ce iv e d by individual w ork ers while in the sam e jo b ; and (3) changes in the la b or fo r c e such as la bor tu rn over, fo r c e expans ion s , fo r c e reductions, and changes in the p rop ortion s o f w ork ers em ployed by establishm ents with d ifferen t pay le v e ls . Changes in the la b or fo r c e can cause in cre a se s o r d e cre a se s in the occu pation al averages without actual wage changes. F o r exam ple, a fo r c e expansion m ight in cre a se the p rop ortion o f low er paid w ork ers in a sp e c if ic occu pation and resu lt in a drop in the average , w hereas a reduction in the p rop ortion o f low er paid w ork ers would have the opposite e ffe ct . The m ovem ent o f a h igh-paying estab lishm ent out o f an a rea could cause the average earnings to drop , even though no change in rates o c cu rr e d in oth er area estab lishm ents.

The use o f constant em ploym ent weights elim in ates the e ffe cts o f changes in the p rop ortion o f w ork ers rep resen ted in each jo b in cluded in the data. N or are the p ercen ts o f change in fluenced by changes in standard w ork sch edules o r in p rem iu m pay fo r ov ertim e , s in ce they are based on pay fo r stra ig h t-tim e hours.

Indexes fo r the p e r iod 1953 to I960 fo r w ork ers in 20 m a jo r la b or m arkets w ill appear in BLS B ull. 1265-62, W ages and R elated B en efits, 60 L abor M arkets, W inter 1959-60.


A : Occupational Earnings 5

Table A-1: Office Occupations

(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Fort Worth, Tex. , November I960)

Sex, occupation, and industry division N um bero fw orkers

Average N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A I G H T -T I M E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F

W e e k ly h o u r s 1

(Standard)

W eek lyearn ings1

(Standard)

Under$40. 00

to. 00and

under 45. 00

I 5 . 00

50. 00

lo . 00

55. 00

I 5 . 00

60. 00

lo . 00

65. 00

Is . 00

70. 00

70. 00

75. 00

75. 00

80. 00

lo . 00

85. 00

1 5 . 00

9 0 . 0 0

9 0 . 0 0

95. 00

95. 00

100.00

100.00

105. 00

105. 00

n o . 00

n o . 00

115. 00

115. 00

120. 00

1$20. 00 and over

Men

Clerks, accounting, class A ________________________ 231 40. 5 $98. 50 _ _ _ _ 2 2 6 7 8 22 9 31 37 49 14 4 12 2 28Manufacturing _ __ __ __ 92 40. 0 107.50 - - - - - - - - 1 3 1 5 22 17 9 4 7 23Nonmanufacturing __ _ __ __ __ 139 40. 5 92. 50 - - - - 2 2 6 7 7 19 8 26 15 32 5 - 5 5

Public utilities 3 __ 63 40. 0 94. 50 - " - " - 2 2 4 7 9 4 3 - 21 5 - 1 5

Clerks, order __ _ __ __ __ 45 40. 0 83. 50 _ _ _ 4 _ _ _ 12 4 6 5 4 _ 6 1 _ 2 l

Office boys _ __ _ n o 40. 0 53. 00 30 19 31 9 3 1 2 10 5 . .Manufacturing _ __ __ _ __ - 47 40. 0 54. 00 - 22 2 4 4 2 1 2 10 - - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing _ _ _ __ 63 40. 0 52.00 - 8 17 27 5 1 - - - 5 - - - - - -

Tabulating-machine operators, class A ------------------- 69 40. 0 106.00 - _ _ - - _ - - 1 4 4 4 7 10 7 8 21 3

Tabulating-machine operators, class B 66 40. 0 86.00 . _ 2 4 ! 5 2 2 5 6 5 7 18 1 2 1 2 3

Tabulating-machine operators, class C 51 40. 0 61. 50 _ . 8 1 9 19 6 5 1 2 . . . . . . . _Nonmanufacturing _ 41 40. 0 59. 00 8 1 9 18 4 1 '

Women

Billers, machine (billing machine) _ _ 48 40. 0 63.00 2 1 17 15 5 2 6Nonmanufacturing _ 43 40.0 62. 00 2 " 1 17 - 12 5 - - - - - 6 - - - -

Billers, machine (bookkeeping machine) _ 66 40.0 54. 50 4 4 15 21 10 - 3 3 _ - - - 6 . - - _ -Nonmanufacturing _ ____ 51 39. 5 48. 50 4 4 15 18 9 - 1 - - - - - - - - - - ~

Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A _ ^ _ 72 40. 5 67. 00 _ . _ 11 14 16 8 4 6 4 7 _ 2 _ _ _ _ -Manufacturing __ _ __ 31 40. 0 71. 00 - - - 7 - 3 4 4 6 4 1 - 2 - - - - -Nonmanufacturing __ _ ____ 41 40. 5 64.00 - - - 4 14 13 4 - - 6 - - - -

Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B _ 227 39. 5 56. 50 _ 5 19 92 43 41 20 _ 7 - _ - _ - _ - - -Manufacturing __ _ 27 40. 0 59. 00 - - 2 14 2 1 2 - 6 - - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing 200 39. 5 56.00 - 5 17 78 41 40 18 1 " - - - - "

Clerks, accounting, class A 287 40. 0 78. 00 _ _ 3 5 17 50 43 21 18 25 23 7 64 9 2 - _ -Manufacturing _ _ 91 40. 0 86. 50 - - - - - 7 4 6 4 20 3 5 41 1 - - - -Nonmanufacturing _ _ _ 196 40. 0 74.00 - - 3 5 17 43 39 15 14 5 20 2 23 8 2 - - -

Public utilities 3 56 40. 0 90. 50 * " " 3 5 5 14 " 23 4 2 _ ~

Clerks, accounting, class B 554 40. 5 59. 50 . 54 84 89 102 60 35 48 22 54 3 1 2 . . _ . _Manufacturing _ _ 79 40. 0 68. 50 - - - 12 16 4 3 16 10 13 2 1 2 - - - - -Nonmanufacturing _ _ 475 40. 5 58.00 - 54 84 77 86 56 32 32 12 41 1 - - - - - - -

Public utilities 3 126 40. 0 69. 50 - 4 8 4 13 15 19 14 7 41 1 - - - - -

Clerks, file, class B 376 40. 0 48. 00 31 197 36 29 29 2 4 23 25 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Nonmanufacturing _ _ _ 305 40. 0 44.00 31 181 29 29 29 2 4 - - - - - - - - - -

Clerks, order _ __ 142 40. 0 55.00 _ 27 . 9 30 45 17 3 3 5 2 1 _ _ _ _ _ - - :Manufacturing __ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 40.0 61. 00 - - - 7 4 11 - 1 1 2 1 - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing 115 40.0 53. 50 27 9 23 41 6 3 2 4

See footnotes at end of table,


6Table A-1. Office Occupations-Continued

(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division* Fort Worth* Tex. * November I960)

A r a u a a N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A I G H T -T I M E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F

Sex, occupation, and industry division $ $ s $ S $ $ $ s s $ $ $ s $ $ so fworker*

W eekly, hour* *

W eek ly , earn in is

Under$

40. 00 and

45.00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65.00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95.00 100. 00 105. 00 110.00 115.00 120. 00 and(Standard) (Standard) 40. 00 under45. 00 50. 00 55.00 60. 00 65.00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95.00 100.00 105. 00 110.00 115. 00 120.00 over

W omen Continued

Clerks, payroll 131 40. 5 $65.00 2 9 2 12 24 44 5 7 5 8 3 1 1 1 5 1 ! _Manufacturing _ 50 40. 0 73. 00 - 3 1 5 6 8 5 1 3 6 2 1 1 1 5 1 1 -Nonmanufacturing 81 41.0 60.00 2 6 1 7 18 36 - 6 2 2 1 - - - - - -

Comptometer operators _ _ __ __ 163 40. 0 66. 50 1 17 7 26 16 18 19 7 7 12 16 12 4 1 _ _ _ _Manufacturing _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 75 40. 0 73. 50 - - 1 13 6 8 8 4 2 8 16 4 4 1 - - - -Nonmanufacturing _ __ _ __ 88 40. 0 61.00 1 17 6 13 10 10 11 3 5 4 - 8 - - - - - -

Keypunch operators _ __ __ __ 278 40. 0 65. 50 - 6 40 41 35 41 18 9 13 23 32 18 2 _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing _ _ ____ 123 40.0 77. 00 - 3 6 8 3 8 9 6 12 18 32 18 - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing _ _ _ _ 155 40. 0 56.50 - 3 34 33 32 33 9 3 1 5 - - 2 - - - - -

Public utilities1 __ _ _ _ 32 40. 0 64. 50 - 1 3 3 12 7 3 - 1 - - 2 - - - - -

Office girls __ _ _ _ 95 40. 0 54. 50 6 21 32 5 4 _ 4 2 10 11 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing _ ___ 32 40. 0 6 0 . 00 - 9 5 2 * - - 4 2 10 - - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing __ __ _ _ 63 39.5 52.00 6 12 27 3 4 - " - 11 " - - - " -

Secretaries _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 716 40. 0 77.00 _ - 33 51 46 90 75 62 54 74 29 42 48 91 3 2 10 6Manufacturing _ _ - 258 40.0 86. 50 - - - 8 10 28 16 25 3 15 9 31 32 70 1 2 6 2Nonmanufacturing 458 40. 0 72. 00 - - 33 43 36 62 59 37 51 59 20 11 16 21 2 - 4 4

Public utilities3 __ _ __ __ _ _ 94 40. 0 86. 00 - - - - - 1 16 5 14 11 13 4 11 13 2 - 4 -

Stenographers, general 387 40. 0 70. 00 2 11 28 21 45 61 58 37 26 19 2 10 54 6 2 3 1 1Manufacturing _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ 112 40. 0 82. 50 - - 2 2 4 18 7 14 5 5 1 1 43 4 2 2 1 1Nonmanufacturing _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 275 40. 0 65. 00 2 11 26 19 41 43 51 23 21 14 1 9 11 2 - 1 - -

Public utilities 3 ___ _ _ _ _ _ 119 40. 0 74. 00 - " 4 16 19 17 8 17 14 1 9 11 2 - 1 - -

Switchboard operators __ 150 41. 0 61. 00 15 16 16 15 23 17 5 3 2 8 14 11 5 _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing __ _ _ _ __ 33 40. 0 78. 00 - - - 5 2 4 1 1 1 3 2 9 5 - - - - -Nonmanufacturing __ _ __ __ 117 41. 5 56. 50 4 15 16 16 10 21 13 4 2 1 5 12 2 - - - - - -

Public utilities3 __ __ ____ 32 40. 0 78. 00 - - " " 1 6 4 2 - 5 12 2 " - - - - -Switchboard operator-receptionists _________________ 125 40.0 59. 00 - 3 8 35 31 20 11 6 5 6 _ . _ _ _ _ _ _

Manufacturing ____ __ __ __ _ ____ 49 40. 0 60. 50 - - 5 10 10 9 4 6 5 - - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing _ ___ 76 40. 5 57. 50 " 3 3 25 21 11 7 " 6 - - - - ~ - -

Tabulating-machine operators, class B _ 35 40. 0 85. 50 - - - - 1 1 3 _ 3 13 - 3 11 _ _ _ _ _

Transcribing-machine operators, general __________ 193 40. 0 55. 00 _ 17 38 67 24 27 5 1 _ 7 1 2 4 _ _ . . .Manufacturing __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ------ _ 100 40. 0 56.00 - 1 33 20 16 20 1 1 - 7 1 - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing _ _ _ _ _ _ 93 39.5 54. 50 - 16 5 47 8 7 4 - - - - 2 4 - - - - -

Typists, class A __ __ __ __ _ _ 313 40.0 63. 50 - 4 19 61 67 52 25 18 23 19 22 3 _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing _ _ __ 75 40. 0 76.00 - - 3 9 - 5 - 10 11 19 18 - - - - - - -Nonmamifactnring _ 238 40. 0 59. 50 - 4 16 52 67 47 25 8 12 - 4 3 - - - - - -

Public utilities3 49 40. 0 63. 00 - - - - 24 14 6 1 1 - - 3 - - * - - -

Typists, class B _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____ 418 40. 0 51. 00 6 114 84 115 36 17 25 8 13 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I T T 40. 0 53. 50 - 38 9 25 5 r r ~ 9 8 8 - - - - - - - - -Nonmanufacturing __ _ __ 305 40.0 50.00 6 76 75 90 31 6 16 - 5 - - - - - - - -

Public utilities3 __ __ _ _ 57 40. 0 57. 50 3 2 26 7 2 12 5

Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. Workers were distributed as follows: 14 at $ 120 to $ 130; 10 at $ 130 to $ 140; 4 at $ 140 and over.Transportation* communication* and other public utilities.Workers were distributed as follows: 10 at $ 30 to $ 35; 5 at $ 35 to $40.


7Table A-2. Professional and Technical Occupations

(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Fort Worth, T e x ., November I960)

Sex, occupation, and industry divisionNumber

ofworkers

Avbbagb NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF

Weekly hours 1

(Standard)Weekly earnings 1

(Standard)

$55. 00

and under 60. 00

60 . 00

65. 00

65. 00

70. 00

$70. 00

75. 00

$75. 00

80. 00

$80. 00

85. 00

85. 00

90. 00

90 . 00

95. 00

*95. 00

1 0 0 .0 0

1*00. 00

105. 00

1*05. 00

1 1 0 .0 0

1*10. 00

115. 00

1*15. 00

1 2 0 .0 0

1*20. 00

1 2 5 .0 0

1*25. 00

130. 00

1*30. 00 and over

M en

D raftsm en , sen ior ---------------------------------------------------- ---------- 115 40 . 0 $ 1 0 1 . 00 1 20 8 19 12 7 16 5 12 7 2 5M anufacturing -------------------------------------------------------------------- 55 40 . 0 107. 00 - - - - - 1 3 14 4 5 7 - 8 6 2 5Nonm anufacturing ------------------------------------ --------------------- 60 40 . 0 96 . 50 - - " - 1 19 5 5 8 2 9 5 5 1 " "

D raftsm en , ju nior -------- --------------------------------------------------- 114 40. 0 77. 00 3 8 32 15 24 4 13 8 7M anufacturing -------------------------------------------------------------------- 56 40 . 0 76 . 00 - 4 26 11 - - 4 - - 4 7 - - - - -N onm anufacturing ------------------------------------------------ ---------- 58 40 . 0 78. 00 3 4 6 4 24 ~ 13 4 ~

W om en

N u rses , in du strial (registered) ___________________________ 34 40. 0 103. 50 1 2 2 4 1 18 6

1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which employees receive their regular straight-time salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours.


8Table A-3. Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations

(Average straight-time hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Fort Worth, Tex., November I960)

NUM BER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGH T-TIM E HOURLY EARNINGS OF

$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 5 , $ $ $ $ $ $ $Occupation and industry division ofworkers

hourly i earnings 1 .2 0 and

1. 30 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1. 60 1. 70 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2. 00 2. 10 2 .2 0 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 2. 60 2. 70 2. 80 2. 90 3 .0 0 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30

under1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1. 50 1. 60 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1. 90 2. 00 2. 10 2. 20 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2. 50 2. 60 2.70 2. 80 2 .9 0 3. 00 3. 10 3. 20 3. 30 3 .4 0

Carpenters, maintenance _ 98 $ 2 . 51 1 5 3 4 5 12 8 1 36 2 17 4Manufacturing _ 70 2. 74 - - - - 2 2 - 4 2 1 - - - - - - 36 2 ' 17 4 - -Nonmanufacturing . ------ ~ ---------. 28 1. 93 - 1 5 1 2 " 1 10 7 " " _ " - 1 - - - -

E lectricians, maintenance 225 2 .9 6 _ _ . 1 1 - 2 6 6 3 2 2 7 5 2 12 _ 32 17 106 21 _Manufacturing - 204 5 .0 2 - - - 1 1 - " 6 - 3 1 2 2 5 - $ - 31 17 TO 6 21

Engineers, stationary 114 2. 69 _ 3 - - - - 1 4 10 7 1 6 6 6 - 1 4 36 _ 18 11 _Manufacturing ----- 72 2. 90 - - - - - - 1 - 2 - 1 - 6 2 - 1 2 36 - 10 11 -Nonmanufacturing 42 2 .3 3 3 " _ _ 4 8 7 6 4 2 - - 8 -

Helpers, trades, maintenance 104 1 .7 9 2 29 1 5 15 4 - 3 5 7 - - 10 25 - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing 78 1 .8 9 20 1 - 12 1 " 1 3 7 - 8 "25

Machinists, maintenance 115 2 .9 3 _ _ - - _ - 1 2 2 3 2 7 4 1 8 1 5 12 _ 5 62 _Manufacturing _ 112 2. 94 - - " - 1 2 2 3 2 7 4 - 8 " 5 11 - 5 62 -

Mechanics, automotive (m a in te n a n c e )--------- 181 2. 11 _ 6 3 8 3 13 50 26 3 7 4 6 6 9 3 19 9 _ 3 3 _ _Manufacturing _ _ _ 75 2. 20 - 6 3 6 1 9 6 6 1 5 1 - - - - 16 9 - 3 3 - -Nonmanufacturing 106 2. 05 - - - 2 2 4 44 20 2 2 3 6 6 9 3 3 - - - - - -

Public u tilities3 _ _ < 83 2. 08 - " - " - " 35 20 2 " 3 2 6 9 3 3 - - - - -Mechanics, m a in te n a n ce______________________

II^218 2. 23 6 6 _ 6 1 5 30 29 30 27 8 9 3 2 2 1 1 11 37 _ _ 4 4Manufacturing _ _ _ _ __ 2. 29 6 6 - 6 1 - 26 7 22 18 - 3 2 1 1 - - 11 37 - - 4N onm anufacturing___________________________ j 67 2. 08 - " " 5 4 22 8 9 8 6 1 1 1 1 1 - "

Millwrights ____ __ _ 76 2. 67 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ 7 6 _ 12 4 17_ - 8 22 _ _ _

Manufacturing 76 2. 67 - - - " - 1----- 1---- - - 7 6 "_

4 17 " - 8 ---- 22 " - -

Oilers ------------- _ _ 47 2. 30 _ 3 _ 1 _ _ 4 - 3 17 _ _ 12 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _Manufacturing _ _ 47 Z. 50 - - 3------ 1 - - 4 - i 17 " - 12 7 " - - - " - -

Painters, maintenance 82 2. 57 _ - 2 _ 3 1 3 - 1 3 _ - 1 12 35 10 6 _ 5 _ _ _Manufacturing _ 69 2. 67 - " 1 - 3 " - " - " " 12 32 10 6 - 5 - "

Tool and die m akers --- ---------- ------------- __ 139 3. 00 - - - - 4 - 4 - 8 - 1 - 3 1 - 14 - 1 - 24 52 27Manufacturing m 3700 ~ ?------ Ti -------- 8 " j - 3 I 14 1 z r ---- Z7

1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts.2 Includes 4 workers at $1.10 to $1 .20 .3 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities.4 All workers were at $3 .40 to $3 .50 .


Table A-4. Custodial and M aterial M ovem ent Occupations

9

(A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, F ort W orth, T e x ., N ovem ber I960)

NU M B ER OF W O RK ERS R E CE IVIN G STR A IG H T-TIM E H OU RLY EARN ING S OF

O ccupation1 and industry divisionNumber

ofworkers

Averagehourly

earnings2"0 . 50

and under

. 60

$0 . 60

. 70

$0. 70

. 80 n

00 0

0 %0 . 90

1 . 00

$1 . 00

1 . 10

$1 . 10

1 . 20

$1 . 2 0

1. 30

$1. 30

1 .4 0

$1. 40

1. 50

$1. 50

1 . 60

%1 .6 0

1. 70

$1. 70

1 . 80

s1 .8 0

1. 90

$1. 90

2 . 00

$2 . 00

2 . 10

S2 . 10

2 . 20

$2 . 20

2. 30

$2. 30

2. 40

$2 .4 0

2. 50

S2. 50

2 . 60

$2 . 60

2. 70

$2. 70

2 . 80

$2 . 80 and

over

E levator operators, passen ger(women) ------------------------------------------------------ 82 $ 0 . 88 3 17 - 19 2 30 5 1 - 3 - - 2 - - - 3 - - - - - - _ _

Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------- 82 . 88 17 - 19 2 30 5 1 " 3 - 2 - - 3 - " - - - - -

Guards ---------------------------------------------------------- 273 2. 29 _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 1 _ _ 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 191 _ 33 _Manufacturing ---------------------------------------- 242 2 .4 5 " - - - - 3 1 - - 4 - - - - - " 10 191 - 33 " -

Janitors, p orters, and clean ers(men) ---------------------------------------------------------- 1 , 128 1 .4 3 37 31 36 67 50 173 48 109 93 91 17 4 35 15 14 162 2 77 51 16 _ - _ -

Manufacturing ----- ------------------------------- 515 1 .8 0 - - - - 3 44 10 65 39 28 9 3 10 15 14 135 - 73 51 16 - - - -Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------- 613 1 . 12 37 31 36 67 47 129 38 44 54 63 8 1 25 - - 27 2 4 - - - - - -

Public utilities 4 ------------------------------ 125 1 .6 2 - - - - - 1 3 17 23 15 8 1 24 - - 27 2 4 - - " " " -

Janitors, p orters, and clean ers(women) -------------- ------------------------------------- 140 1 . 0 1 15 19 24 _ 4 25 28 9 _ 2 3 _ 1 _ 5 2 _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ _

Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------- 120 .9 4 15 19 24 - 4 19 21 9 - 2 3 - 1 - 1 2 - - - - - " - -

L ab ore rs, m a teria l handling --------------------- 864 1 .6 2 _ . . 14 . 175 122 59 37 48 24 77 4 10 12 44 35 41 15 67 80Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------- 383 1. 90 - - - - - 34 61 4 18 19 7 8 1 10 12 44 14 - 15 56 - 80 -Nonmanufacturing ------------ __ ------------------ 481 1. 39 - - - 14 - 141 61 55 19 29 17 69 3 - - - 21 41 - 11 - - - -

Public u tilit ie s 4 -------- ------------------ 132 1 .9 6 - - - - - - - - 5 6 46 2 - - 21 41 - 11 - - - -

Order fille rs _______________________________________ 294 1 .4 8 _ _ _ 8 8 1 44 53 42 23 22 6 35 12 14 7 _ _ 17 _ 2 _ _ _M anufacturing -------------------------------------------------- 80 1 .6 7 - - - - - - 22 4 10 2 4 2 - 4 10 3 - - 17 - 2 - - -Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------- 214 1 .4 1 ~ ' 8 8 1 22 49 32 21 18 4 35 8 4 4

P ackers, shipping ------------------------------------- 158 1 .5 6 . . _ _ . 19 26 20 11 11 20 . 12 4 _ _ 11 _ 3 21M anufacturing ---------------------------------------- 69 1 .8 9 - - - - - - 8 - 10 3 13 - - - - - 11 - 3 - 21 - - -Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------- 89 1. 30 - " " " " 19 18 20 1 8 7 - 12 4

Receiving clerk s -------------------------------------------------- 149 1 .5 6 _ _ 5 _ _ 4 12 10 29 16 14 13 13 12 6 2 2 1 _ 2 6 _ 1 1M anufacturing -------------------------------------------------- 32 1. 99 - - - - - - - - 5 - - 5 - 6 2 2 2 1 - 1 6 - 1 1Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------ ------ 117 1 .4 5 - - 5 - - 4 12 10 24 16 14 8 13 6 4 - - - - 1 - - - -

Shipping clerks -------- -------- -------- 151 1 .7 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 7 20 14 29 13 5 13 10 7 4 2 _ _ 23 2 _ _Manufacturing ---------------------------------------- 69 2 . 00 - - - - - - - 5 - 10 5 4 - 7 2 5 4 2 - - 23 2 - -

82 1 .5 7 2 2 20 4 24 9 5 6 8 2

Shipping and receiving clerk s --------------- 422 2. 14 _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 21 16 7 21 18 9 11 8 18 6 9 10 241 9 _ _ _Nonmanufacturing --------------------- ----- 85 1 . 6 6 - - - - - - - 21 14 7 6 3 1 2 2 13 5 4 4 3 - - - -

1 Jii V*1 -i p nti 1i p e 4 31 2. 07 1 3 l 2 2 6 5 4 4 3X^ IDXIC Utl 11 ll c b

Tru ckdrivers 5 -------------------------------------------- 9 2 8 1 .8 2 3 6 4 60 I 99 13 35 80 82 33 118 21 25 57 5 13 41 31 150 10 42Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------- 387 1. 90 - - - - - 6 29 2 12 63 48 14 67 - 10 3 2 12 3 31 33 10 - 6 4 2Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------- 541 1 .7 7 - - 3 6 4 54 j 70 11 23 17 34 19 51 21 15 54 3 1 38 - 117 - - -

Public utilities 4 -------------------------------------- 2 2 2 2. 35 - - - - - - j |1 " - - - 9 1 52 3 1 38 - 117 - - -

T ru ckdrivers, light (under 11V 2 tons) ---------------------------- ------------------------- 100 1. 32 - - - 3 2 29 15 | - | 15 19 6 9 - - - - - - - 1 - - 1Manufacturing ---------------------------------- 26 1 .5 8 - - - - - | 1 5 j i 8 - 3 8 - - - - - - - 1 - - 1

74 1 .2 3 7. 7 ! 29 ; 10 7 19 3



10Table A-4. Custodial and M aterial Movement Occupations-Continued

(A verage stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division . F ort W orth , T e x . , N ovem ber I960)

N U M BER OF W O RK ERS RECEIVINCx ST R AIG H T-TIM E H OURLY EARN ING S OF

Occupation 1 and industry divisionNumber

ofworkers

Average hourly ,

earnings

S0. 50 and

under

S0 . 60

s0. 70 "b. 80

$0 . 9 0

$1. 00

$1 . 10

$1 . 20

$1. 30

$1 .4 0

s1. 50

sl . 60

$1. 70

$1 . 80

$1. 90

s2 . 00 2 . 10

$2 . 20

$2. 30 2 .4 0

52. 50

s2 . 60

s2. 70

$2 . 80 and

. 60 . 70 .8 0 . 90 1 . 00 1 . 10 1 . 20 1. 30 1 .4 0 1. 50 1. 60 1 .7 0 1 . 80 1. 90 2 . 00 2 . 10 2 . 20 2. 30 2 .4 0 2. 50 2 . 60 2. 70 2 . 80 over

T ruckdr ive r s: 5 C ontinue dT ru ck d riv ers , m edium (lV z to

and including 4 tons) __ __ ----- _ 318 $ 1 . 68 - - 3 3 - 16 59 12 11 15 16 24 14 16 15 53 5 10 38 - 8 - - -M anufacturing __ _ __ __ 52 1 .9 3 - - - - - - - 2 - 7 3 8 2 - 10 1 2 9 - - 8 - - -Nonmanufacturing __ ____________ 266 1. 64 - - 3 3 - 16 59 10 11 8 13 16 12 16 5 52 3 1 38 - - - - -

Public u tilit ie s 4 ________________ 104 2. 13 - - " - - - - - 1 - - - 8 1 52 3 1 38 - " - - -

T ru ck d riv ers , heavy (over !4 to n s , tra iler type) __ ________ 79 1 .8 7 - - - - - 6 - - - - 3 - 42 i 10 1

- - - - 16 - - -M anufacturing __ _ __ __ ____ 32 2. 03 - - " " 6 - - - - 3 - 6 - " 1 - - - - 16 - - -

T ru ck d riv ers , heavy (over4 to n s , other than tra iler t y p e ) __ 207 1 .7 8 - - - - - - - - 12 48 42 3 49 - - 1 - 3 3 31 8 7 - -

M anufacturing 207 1 .7 8 12 48 42 3 49 - - 1 - 3 3 31 8 7 - -

T ru c k e rs , power (forklift) __ -------- _ 258 1 .9 7 - - - - - 16 14 4 30 1 11 8 12 1 10 13 13 27 - 3 40 16 40 - -M anufacturing ----------- ----- 172 2. 05 - - - - - 14 1 - 30 - 3.... 3 6 2 7 13 - - 3 40 10 40 - -N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ____________________ 86 1 . 81 - - - - - 2 13 4 - 1 8 5 6 8 6 - 27 - - - 6 - - -

Public u tilit ie s 4 _ _________ 37 2 . 21 " " - - - - - - " - - - 4 - - 27 - - " 6 - - "

W atchm en _ ____ __ _ __ __ ----- 159 1. 25 _ _ _ _ _ 64 21 19 19 14 6 _ 2 6 1 _ 6 _ _ _ 1 _ _ _M anufacturing _ __ __ --------- 110 1. 19 - - - - - 44 18 19 17 4 6 - - - 1 - - - - - 1 - - -Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------- 49 1 .4 0 20 3 2 10

!

2 6 6

1 Data lim ited to m en w orkers except where otherw ise indicated.2 Excludes prem iu m pay for overtim e and for w ork on w eekends, h olid ays, and late sh ifts.3 Includes 4 w orkers under $ 0. 50.4 T ran sportation , com m unication, and other public u tilities .5 Includes all drivers reg a rd le ss of size and type of truck operated.4 A ll w orkers at $ 2. 90 to $ 3.


B*. Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions 11

Table B-l. Shift Differentials

(Shift d ifferentials of m anufacturing plant w orkers by type and amount of differential, F ort W orth, Tex. , N ovem ber I960)

Percent of m anufacturing plant w orkers

Shift differential In establishm ents having form al provisions 1 for Actu ally working on

Second shift work

Third or other shift work Second shift

Third or other shift

Total -------- ----- ------------------------- --------- -------------- 83. 3 76. 1 17. 4 2. 5

With shift pay differential _ _ ___ __________ 8 1 .2 7 5 .4 16. 6 2. 3

Uniform cents (per hour) ____________ ____ 73. 8 23. 2 16. 3 1 .4

3 cents _ ----------- ---------------------------------------- 1 .0 _ . 1 _5 cents ______________________________________ 4. 0 2. 0 . 6 . 26 cents ___ ______ _______________ _____ 2. 2 - . 7 _7 cents _________ _______ _______ __ 3 .4 1 .7 . 7 . 2ll/z cents _________________ ________________ 1 .0 - - -8 cents -------- ------ _ _ _ ---- --------- 3 .7 2. 0 . 7 (2)10 cents __________________ _____ _____ 4. 5 3 .7 1. 0 . 312 cents _________________ _____ __________ 4 4 .4 9. 1 10. 5 . 4134/5 cents ------------------------- ------------------ _ 2 .9 - . 7 -15 cents __ -------------------------------------------------- 6 .7 - 1. 5 _16 cents __ _____ __ _______ -------- - 1 .8 - . 2272/3 cents ___ _______ ___ ____________ - 2 .9 - . 1

Uniform percentage ___________ _________ __ 7 .3 6. 7 . 3 -

5 percent _ ___ 5 .9 - . 1 _10 percent __ -------- ------- __ __________ 1 .5 5. 3 . 3 -15 percent _______ ________________________ - 1. 5 -

Full day's pay for reduced hours _________Full day 's pay for reduced hours

- 7. 7 - . 2

plus cents differential _______________ - 37 . 7 - . 7

No shift pay differential ______ _ ____ ______ 2. 1 . 8 . 7 . 2

1 Includes establish m en ts currently operating late shifts even though they w ere not currently operating late sh ifts.

2 L e ss than 0. 05 percent.

and establishm ents with form al provisions covering late shifts


12

Table B-2. Minimum Entrance Salaries for Women Office Workers

(D istribution of establish m en ts studied in all industries and in industry divisions by m inim um entrance sa lary for selected categories of inexperienced w om en office w o rk ers, F ort W orth , T e x . , N ovem ber I960)

Inexperienced typists Other inexperienced c le r ic a l w orkers 2

M inim um w eekly sa lary 1 A llindustries

Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing

A llindustries

Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing

Based[ on standard weekly hours 3 of Based on standard w eekly hours 3 of

A llschedules 40

A llschedules 40

A llschedules 40

A llschedules 40

E stablishm ents studied ________________ _________ _________ ____ 122 48 X X X 74 X X X 122 48 X X X 74 X X X

E stablishm ents having a specified m inim um ___________________ 40 15 15 25 22 52 21 21 31 25

Under $ 4 0 . 00 _________ ________ __________________________ - - _ - - - - 2 - _ 2 _$ 4 0 . 00 and under $ 4 2 . 50 ------ -------------------- ----- -------- __ _ 15 3 3 12 11 25 5 5 20 18$ 4 2 . 50 and under $ 4 5 . 00 _______________________________________ 5 - - 5 4 2 1 1 1 1$ 4 5 .0 0 and under $ 4 7 . 50 ___ ___________ __ __ __ ________ 4 3 3 1 1 5 3 3 2 1$ 4 7 . 50 and under $ 50. 00 __________ ______ _______ _____________ 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1$ 50. 00 and under $ 52. 50 _______ ___ _______________ _______ 5 1 1 4 3 7 3 3 4 3$ 52. 50 and under $ 55. 00 _________________ _____ ____________ 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1$ 55. 00 and under $ 57. 50 __________________ ____ __ __ ------- 2 2 2 - - 2 2 2 -$ 57. 50 and under $ 60 . 00 ____________ ___ _________ _____ 1 1 1 - - 1 1 1 - -$ 60. 00 and under $ 62. 50 __________ __ __ __ __ __ ---------- 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - -$ 62. 50 and over _____________________ _____ _____ __ ------------ 2 2 2 - - 3 3 3 - -

E stablishm ents having no specified m inim um ----------------- -------- 27 11 X X X 16 X X X 26 10 X X X 16 X X XE stablishm ents which did not em ploy w orkers

in this category __ __ __ __ __ _______ __ __ ----- --------------- 54 21 X X X 33 X X X 43 16 X X X 27 X X XData not available _____________ ____ ____ __ _____ 1 1 XX X X X X 1 1 X X X ' X X X

1 Low est sa lary rate fo rm a lly established for hiring inexperienced w orkers for typing or other c le r ic a l job s.2 Rates applicable to m e sse n g e r s , office g ir ls , or sim ila r su bclerica l jobs are not considered.3 Hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular stra igh t-tim e s a la r ie s . Data are presented for a ll workweeks com bined, and for the m ost com m on workweek reported .

Table B-3. Scheduled Weekly Hours

(P ercen t distribution of office and plant w orkers in a ll industries and in industry divisions by scheduled w eekly hours of f ir s t-sh ift w o rk ers, F ort W orth , T e x . , N ovem ber I960)

W eekly hours

OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS

All industries * Manufacturing Public utilities2 All industries^ Manufacturing Public utilities 2

A ll w orkers _______ __ __ __ __ __ 100 100 100 100 100 100

Under 4 0 hours _ _ __ __ 3 _ _ 3 34 0 hour s ____________________________________________ 92 97 100 76 85 92Over 40 and under 44 hours ___ _ __ 1 2 - 3 (4 )44 hours ------- -------------------- _ ____ ___ __ 2 - - 4 2 _45 hours __ __ __ __ __ __ 1 1 - 2 3 _O ver 45 and under 48 hours __ _ _ __ __ 1 - - 2 _ _48 hours __ __ ___ _ 1 - - 7 1 3O ver 48 and under 54 hours ___ ____ __ (4 ) - - 2 254 hours _ ____ __ __ __ ______________ - - 2 2 5O ver 54 hours ____ ___________ __ -----

'1 1

1 Includes data for w holesale trade; retail trade; finance, in suran ce, and rea l estate; and serv ic es in addition to those industry divisions shown separately .2 T ran sportation , com m unication, and other public u tilities .3 Includes data for w holesale tra de , reta il trade, rea l esta te , and serv ic es in addition to those industry divisions shown separately .4 L e ss than 0. 5 percen t.


Table B-4. Paid Holidays

13

(Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by number of paid holidays provided annually, Fort Worth, T e x ., November I960)

OFFICE W O RK ER S PL A N T W O RK ER S

ItemAll industries * Manufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries3 Manufacturing Public utilities 2

All workers _ _ ----- 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0

Workers'in establishments providingpaid holidays _ _ ------

Workers in establishments providing97 96 99 89 90 94

no paid holidays _ - 3 4 1 11 1 0 6

Number off days

1 holiday _ (4) 5 23 holidays __ _ 2 - - 1 - -4 holidays __ _ __ __ __ __ 1 1 - 2 2 -5 holidays __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 13 23 24 13 1 06 holidays _ ----- _ _ _ __ _ 49 60 18 30 43 1 26 holidays plus 1 half day _ _ _ (4) 1 - (4) 1 -6 holidays plus 2 half days _ ----- 2 .5 - 4 7 -7 holiday? _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 5 58 13 6 717 holidays plus 2 half days _ ___ 2 5 - 4 7 -8 holidays ____ _ _ ---------- _ _ _ 2 5 6 1 0

Total holiday time5

8 days 4 1 0 9 177 or more days _ _ - _- 18 2 0 58 26 29 7161 /2 or more days __ ----- -------------- 18 22 58 27 30 716 or more days _ ------- 67 82 76 57 73 835 or more days ------ - 94 95 99 81 86 944 or more days ----------------------------------------------- 95 96 99 84 88 943 or more days - - __ 97 96 99 84 88 941 or more days ------ 97 96 99 89 90 94

1 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.2 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities.3 Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.4 Less than 0. 5 percent.* A l l combinations of full and half days that add to the same amount are combined; for example, the proportion of workers receiving a total of 7 days includes those with 7 full days and

no half days, 6 full days and 2 half days, 5 full days and 4 half days, and so on. Proportions were then cumulated.


14

Table B-5. Paid Vacations

(Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Fort Worth, Tex. , November I960)

Vacation policyOFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERS

All industries1 Manufacturing Public utilities 2 All industries 2 Manufacturing Public utilities2

All workers _ --------- ------------- 100 100 100 100 100 100

M ethod off paym ont

Workers in establishments providingpaid vacations ------ - ------- __ __ _ 99 99 100 97 98 100

Length-of-time payment _ 99 99 100 91 89 100Percentage p a y m en t---------------------------------- n - - 5 8 -Flat-sum payment _ ___ __ ------ - - - - - -Othe r _________ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - -

Workers in establishments providingno paid vacations __ __ ------- _ 1 (4) " 3 2

Amount off vacation p a y 5

After 6 months of service

Under 1 week _________________________________ 2 4 _ 2 1 _1 week ---------- --- _ _ --- ------- __ 34 16 49 19 11 43Over 1 and under 2 weeks _ _ _ (4) - - 1 1 -

After 1 year of service

Under 1 week ____ _ _ _______ ____ _ _ _ 1 _ _1 week ___ __________ _ __ 36 20 78 52 45 82Over 1 and under 2 weeks __ __ __ _ (4) - - 3 4 _2 weeks __ __ ------- ----- _ _ _ _ _ 38 26 22 20 11 18Over 2 and under 3 weeks ___ _ _ _ 23 54 - 20 36 _3 weeks ---------- _ _ __ __ 1 - - - - -

After 2 years of service

1 week _ _ _ __ _ _ _ 14 10 29 27 26 47Over 1 and under 2 weeks ___ __________ 1 (4) 1 6 9 22 weeks _ _ _ __ _ ___ __ _ 60 35 70 44 27 50Over 2 and under 3 weeks __ _ 23 54 - 20 36 _3 weeks __ _ _ ____ _ __ __ 1 ~ - - -


1 week ___ ____ ________________ ______ ___ 12 7 28 18 15 43Over 1 and under 2 weeks _______________________ 1 1 - 5 8 _2 weeks ____ __ _ _ ___ _____ ____ ______ 61 38 72 51 34 57Over 2 and under 3 weeks _______________________ 23 54 _ 23 41 _3 weeks __ __ __ _ __ ____ ____ 1 - - - -


1 week __ _ ___________ ___ 7 5 _ 7 5 _Over 1 and under 2 weeks __________________ 1 1 - 1 (4) _2 weeks _ __ __ _____ __ __ 64 36 99 63 47 98Over 2 and under 3 weeks _____ _ ------ 23 54 - 24 42 -3 weeks __ , __ ------ -------------- 2 4 1 2 3 2Over 3 and under 4 weeks ---------- ------------------ 1



15

Table B-5. Paid Vacations-Continued

(Percent distribution of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay provisions, Fort Worth, Tex. , November I960)

OFFICE WORKERS PLANT WORKERSVacation policy

AH industries 1 Manufacturing Public utilities2 All industries 3 Manufacturing Public utilities2

Amount off vacation p a y 5 Continued


1 week ----------------------------------------------------------------- 7 5 _ 7 5 _Over 1 and under 2 weeks ------------------------------- (4) - - (4) - -2 weeks -------------------------------------------------------------- 54 22 99 54 37 98Over 2 and under 3 weeks ------------------------------- 23 54 - 27 48 _3 weeks --------------------------------------------------------------- 13 19 1 7 8 2Over 3 and under 4 weeks ------------------------------- 1 - - - - -


1 week ----------------------------------------------------------------- 7 5 _ 7 5 _Over 1 and under 2 weeks ------------------------------- (4) - - (4) - _2 weeks --------------------------------------------------------------- 32 12 26 31 21 17Over 2 and under 3 weeks ------------------------------- - - - 2 3 -3 weeks --------------------------------------------------------------- 34 29 74 34 30 83Over 3 and under 4 weeks ------------------------------- 25 54 - 22 39 _4 weeks -------------------------------------------------------------- (4) - - (4) - -


1 week ----------------------------------------------------------------- 7 5 _ 7 5 _Over 1 and under 2 weeks ------------------------------- (4) - - (4) - -2 weeks -------------------------------------------------------------- 32 12 26 31 21 17Over 2 and under 3 weeks ------------------------------- - - - 2 3 -3 weeks -------------------------------------------------------------- 33 28 73 31 28 81Over 3 and under 4 weeks ------------------------------- 24 54 - 22 39 -4 weeks -------------------------------------------------------------- 2 1 (4) 3 2 2


1 week --------------------------------------------------------- ----- 7 5 _ 7 5 _Over 1 and under 2 weeks ------------------------------- (4) - - (4) - -2 weeks -------------------------------------------------------------- 32 12 26 31 21 17Over 2 and under 3 weeks ------------------------------- - - - 2 3 -3 weeks ---------------------------------------------------- ------- 21 22 45 21 21 56Over 3 and under 4 weeks ------------------------------- 23 54 - 20 35 -4 weeks --------------------------------------------------------- 15 7 29 13 9 27Over 4 weeks ----------------------------------------------------- 2 4

1 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.2 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities.3 Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.4 Less than 0. 5 percent.5 Periods of service were arbitrarily chosen and do not necessarily reflect the individual provisions for progressions. For example, the changes in proportions indicated at 10 years'

service include changes in provisions occurring between 5 and 10 years.

NOTE: In the tabulations of vacation allowances by years of service, payments other than "length of time, " such as percentage of annual earnings or flat-sum payments, were converted to an equivalent time basis; for example, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as 1 week's pay.


16Table B-6. Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans

(Percent of office and plant workers in all industries and in industry divisions employed in establishments providing health, insurance, or pension benefits, Fort Worth, Tex. , November I960)

Type of benefit

O F F I C E W O R K E R S P L A N T W O R K E R S

A ll in d u str ies1 M an u fa ctu r in g P u b lic u tilit ie s^ A ll industries 2 M an u fa ctu r in g P u b lic u tilit ie s2

All workers _ ------ -------------- _ 100 100 100 100 100 100

Workers in establishments providing:

Life insurance ------------------------------------------- 90 98 75 81 94 55Accidental death and dismemberment

insurance ----------------------- - --------- ----- 67 86 50 61 74 39Sickness and accident insurance or

sick leave or both4 ___ ____________ 74 91 73 64 77 59

Sickness and accident insurance _____ 44 76 3 49 70 9Sick leave (full pay and no

waiting period) ----------- ----------------- 60 81 40 36 48 25Sick leave (partial pay or

waiting period) _ --------- _ ______ _ 10 1 31 11 6 30

Hospitalization insurance ----- ----- 86 96 71 80 90 67Surgical insurance ________________________ 86 96 71 80 90 67Medical insurance _______ ____ __ ____ 64 92 67 62 83 59Catastrophe insurance ----- ------------ 47 60 36 30 36 44Retirement pension ___ _____________ 69 87 71 58 75 60N o h e a l t h , i n s u r a n c e , o r p e n s i o n p l a n 5 1 IP 5

1 Includes data for wholesale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.2 Transportation, communication, and other public utilities.3 Includes data for wholesale trade, retail trade, real estate, and services in addition to those industry divisions shown separately.4 Unduplicated total of workers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick-leave plans are limited to those which definitely establish at least

the minimum number of days* pay that can be expected by each employee. Informal sick-leave allowances determined on an individual basis are excluded.


17

Appendix: Occupational Descriptions

The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau s wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau s job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are instructed to exclude working supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers.

OFFICE

BILLER, MACHINE

Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows:

Biller, machine (billing machine) Uses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from customers purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memorandums, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine.

Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc ., which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers* bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers ledger record. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints automatically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips.

BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR

Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions.

Class A Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge o f and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand.

Class B Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, inventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation o f trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.

CLERK, ACCOUNTING

Class A Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a complete set of books or records relating to one phase o f an establishment s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts


18

CLERK, ACCOUNTING-Continued

payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper a ccounting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting and closing journal entries; may direct class B accounting clerks.

Class B Under supervision, performs one or more routine a ccounting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers or a ccounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several workers.

CLERK, FILE

Class A In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter files, classifies and indexes correspondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or may supervise others in filing and locating material in the files . May perform incidental clerical duties.

Class B Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been classified or which is easily identifiable, or locates or assists in locating material in files. May perform incidental clerical duties.

CLERK, ORDER

Receives customers'orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination o f the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing older sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit department to determine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders.

CLERK, PAYROLL

Computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine.

COMPTOMETER OPERATOR

Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathematical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comptometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties.

DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO)

Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a Mimeograph or Ditto machine. Makes necessary adjustment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or Ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or Ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple completed material.

KEYPUNCH OPERATOR

Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsibilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical keypunch machine, following written information on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating device attached to machine. May keep files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others.

OFFICE BOY OR GIRL

Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or mailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work.


SECRETARY

Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appointments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confidential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dictation or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memorandums for information of superior.

STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL

Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator).STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL

Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work.SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR

Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office ca lls. May record toll calls and take messages. May give information to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operator-receptionist.

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST

In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single position or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. This typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker*s time while at switchboard.

19

TABULATIN G-MACHINE OPERATOR

Class A Operates a variety of tabulating or electrical accounting machines, typically including such machines as the tabulator, calculator, interpreter, collator and others. Performs complete reporting assignments without close supervision, and performs difficult wiring as required. The complete reporting and tabulating assignments typically involve a variety of long and complex reports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type requiring some planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. As a more experienced operator, is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations, or partially trained operators in wiring from diagrams and operating sequences of long and complex reports. Does not include working supervisors performing tabulating-machine operations cmdday-to-day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-machine operators.

Class B Operates more difficult tabulating or electrical accounting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sorter, reproducer, and collator. This work is performed under specific instructions and may include the performance of some wiring from diagrams. The work typically involves, for example, tabulations involving a repetitive accounting exercise, a complete but small tabulating study, or parts of a longer and more complex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the procedures are well established. May also include the training of new employees in the basic operation of the machine.

Class C Operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting machines such as the sorter, reproducing punch, collator, etc., with specific instructions. May include simple wiring from diagrams and some filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs, or repetitive operations.

TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL

Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing-machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by Stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general.


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TYPIST

Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, mats, or similar materials for use in duplicating processes. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming mail.

Class A Performs one or more o f the following: Typing material in final form when it involves combining material from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling, syllabication, punc-

PROFESSIONAL

DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR(Assistant draftsman)

Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by draftsman or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May prepare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman.

DRAFTSMAN, LEADER

Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in preparation of working plans and detail drawings from rough or preliminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature.

DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR

Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination o f the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computations such as those

TYPIST Continued

tuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language material; planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances.

Class B^Performs one or more o f the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, etc.; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly.

AND TECH NICAL

DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Continued

involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specifications; making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting.

NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED)

A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combiner tion of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees' injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel.

TRACER

Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple drawings and do simple lettering.


MAINTENANCE

C A R P E N T E R , M A IN TEN A N CE

Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the fo llow in g: Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

E L E C T R IC IA N , M A IN TEN A N CE

Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, distribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves m ost o f the follow ing: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blueprints, drawings, layout, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the e lectrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.

E N G IN E E R , STA TIO N A R Y

Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigeration, or air-conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, motors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consumption. May also supervise these operations. H ead or c h ie f en gineers in establishm en ts em ploying more than one engineer are exclu d ed .

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D POW ERPLANT

FIR EM A N , STA T IO N A R Y B O IL E R

Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean,

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