BLUE BRAINBYAJITHKUMAR

PREFACE

This presentation is delivered to you for improving

the knowledge about Blue Brain technology which is going to produce a revolution in the artificial intelligence field. We would like to convey our gratitude to our Parents all our friends for encouraging us.

BLUE BRAIN - A MAGIC

• The Blue Brain Project is an attempt to create a synthetic brain.

• This is done by reverse-engineering the mammalian brain down to the molecular

level.

• Goals of the project are to gain a complete understanding of the brain and to

enable faster development of brain disease treatment.

• A Blue Gene super computer is used , hence the name “BLUE BRAIN”.

BRAIN BEHIND BLUE BRAIN

ORIGIN

• Henry Markram is the founder of blue brain.

• Henry Markram is a professor of neuroscience at the Swiss Federal Institute for

Technology (EPFL).

• His team has developed a facility that can create realistic models of one of the

brain’s essential building blocks.

• These models exhibit the behavior of natural brain.

NEED FOR VIRTUAL BRAIN

• The man is called intelligent because of the brain.

• But the intelligence of brain is lost after the death of a person.

• But we can make the brain sustain in the earth even after a person’s death using the

technology - Blue Brain.

• This can be done by uploading human brain into machine.

BUILD STEPS

There are three main steps to building the virtual brain .

1) DATA ACQUISITION

2) SIMULATION

3) VISUALIZATION OF RESULTS

DATA AQUISITION

• Data acquisition involves taking brain slices, placing them under a microscope, and

measuring the shape and electrical activity of individual neurons.

• This is how the different types of neuron are studied and catalogued.

• The electrophysiological behavior of neurons is studied using a 12 patch clamp

instrument.

12 PATCH CLAMP

SIMULATION

• The simulation step involves synthesizing virtual cells using the algorithms that were found to describe real neurons.

• The primary software used by the BBP for neural simulations is a package called NEURON.

• The algorithms and parameters are adjusted for the age, species, and disease stage of the animal being simulated.

• The ultimate aim of this step is to be able to understand and reproduce human consciousness.

• The simulation time step for the numerical integrations is 0.025 ms and the time step for writing the output to disk is 0.1 metre per second.

SIMULATION WORKFLOW

• The algorithms and parameters are adjusted for the age, species, and disease stage

of the animal being simulated.

• Every single protein is simulated and there millions of them in a cell.

• A network skeleton is built from all the different kinds of synthesized neurons.

• Then the cells are connected together .

• Finally the neurons are functionalized and the simulation brought to life.

VISUALIZATION OF RESULTS

• RTNeuron is the primary application used by the BBP for visualization of neural

simulations. It is written in C++ and OpenGL.

• RTNeuron takes the output from Hodgkin-Huxley simulations in NEURON and

renders them in 3D.

• The animations can be stopped, started and zoomed, thus letting researchers

interact with the model.

VISUALIZATION OF RESULTS

GAINS

• Even after the death of a man his intelligence can be used.

• Decision can be made without the presence of a person.

• The activity of different animals can be understood.

• It would allow the deaf to hear via direct nerve stimulation.

• By down loading the contents of the brain that was uploaded into the computer,

the man can get rid from the madness.

CHALLENGES

• We become dependent upon the computer systems.

• Others may use technical knowledge against us.

• Computer viruses will pose an increasingly critical threat.

• The real threat, however, is the fear that people will have of new technologies.

HARDWARE USED

1) BLUE GENE/P

2) SILICON GRAPHICS

3) COMMODITY PC CLUSTERS

4) JuQUEEN

BLUE GENE

Blue Gene/P technical specifications:

• 4,096 quad-core nodes (16,384 cores in total)

• Each core is a Power PC 450 , 850 MHz

• Total: 56 teraflops, 16 terabytes of memory

• 4 racks, one row, wired as a 16x16x16 3D torus

• 1 PB of disk space, GPFS parallel file system

• Operating system: Linux SuSE SLES 10

• Public front end: bluegene.epfl.ch and processing log

JuQUEEN

• JuQUEEN is an IBM Blue Gene/Q supercomputer that was installed at the Jülich

Research Center in Germany in May 2012.

• It currently performs at 1.6 petaflops and was ranked the world's 8th fastest

supercomputer in June 2012.

• This aims to develop a three-dimensional, realistic model of the human brain.

http://www.artificialbrains.com/images/blue-brain-project/juqueen-8-rack.jpg

MOTIVATIONS

• Brain disease treatments.

• Scientific curiosity about consciousness and the human mind.

• Integration of all neuroscientific research results worldwide.

• Progress towards building thinking machines (bottom up approach).

CONCLUSION

• If we could clearly understand the functionalities of the brain it is easy to cure

diseases of the brain.

• If this technology is put in use, a person can live on the earth through his

intelligence, feelings , personalities and memories.

CREDITS & SOURCE

SOURCE:

• www.artificialintelligence.com

• www.google.com

• www.googleimages.com

• www.epfl.com

ANY QUERIES