Bock_DE_Session1_Block1_Question3

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

Nexans SuperConductors

Dr. Joachim BockNexans SuperConductors

D-50351 Huerthjoachim.bock@nexans.com

Design, manufacturing and testing of robust HTS elements based on BSCCO 2212 bifilar coils for use in a

10-MVA fault current limiter

0 - Problem and Motivation1 - Principle2 - Application Cases3 - German Project 10 kV / 10 MVA4 - Conclusions / Benefits

Design, manufacturing and testing of robust HTS elements based on BSCCO 2212 bifilar coils for use in a

10-MVA fault current limiter

0 - Problem and Motivation1 - Principle2 - Application Cases3 - German Project 10 kV / 10 MVA4 - Conclusions / Benefits

2Bock_DE_Session1_Block1_Question3

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

Nexans SuperConductors

• Growing demand for electrical energy and deregulation

more through-wiring and transfer

more grid couplings

• Increase of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and utility restructuring Distributed Generation (DG) emergence

• Integration of low loss low impedance HTS cables in existing networks

Problem and Motivation

Increased risk for short circuit currents

additional grid components

over-dimensioning of grid components

3Bock_DE_Session1_Block1_Question3

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

Nexans SuperConductors

rated current

with HTS - limiter

unlimited

current

normal operation T < Tc

short circuitT > Tc

HTS quench

Principle of superconducting Fault Current Limiting

Intrinsic •needs no trigger-signal •fail safe

Fast •limitation already in the first front of the current

Smooth •avoids over-voltages

Self-recovering•after short duration ready for the next event

Low impedance during normal operation •no problems with reactive power •no voltage drop

Intrinsic •needs no trigger-signal •fail safe

Fast •limitation already in the first front of the current

Smooth •avoids over-voltages

Self-recovering•after short duration ready for the next event

Low impedance during normal operation •no problems with reactive power •no voltage drop I [A]

U [V]

1 µV / cm

Ic

n

CC TJ

JEE

4Bock_DE_Session1_Block1_Question3

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

Nexans SuperConductors

G10-kV-grid

FCL

110 kV

5...50 MVA

10 kV

G

FCL

1...10 MVASsclim = 250 MVA

Application case: Embedded Generation

New generation facilities increase short circuit powerenabling of direct feeding supply

New generation facilities increase short circuit powerenabling of direct feeding supply

5Bock_DE_Session1_Block1_Question3

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

Nexans SuperConductors

110 kV subgrid A

110 kV subgrid B

220 kV

380 kV

FCL

Ir ~ 1500 A

Application case: 110 kV grid coupling

Better use of existing gridsless consumption of landscape!

Better use of existing gridsless consumption of landscape!

6Bock_DE_Session1_Block1_Question3

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

Nexans SuperConductors

German BMBF-Project Curl 10

Partners: Roles:ACCEL Instruments GmbH system development, projectleaderACCESS e.V. simulationAdelwitz GmbH material development YBCONexans SuperConductors GmbH material development MCP BSCCO 2212EUS GmbH electrical net simulationFZ Karlsruhe characterization, testsE.ON specificationRWE Energie AG demonstrator testVDI-Phys. Technologiezentrum project sponsor

Objectives of Curl 10:

Operation current:600 A

Voltage (3 phases):10 kV

Power (3 phases):10 MVA

Limitation time:40 ms

Max. allowed peak current:8.75 kA (5 ms)

Objectives of Curl 10:

Operation current:600 A

Voltage (3 phases):10 kV

Power (3 phases):10 MVA

Limitation time:40 ms

Max. allowed peak current:8.75 kA (5 ms)

Two material options

YBCO, Adelwitz

BSCCO 2212, Nexans

7Bock_DE_Session1_Block1_Question3

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

Nexans SuperConductors

Form parts from NSC being used in commercially available industrial magnet systems

Nexans Bulk Parts are:• Inorganic ceramics (Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O)• Available in a large variety of shapes and sizes• Ready for assembling in electrical devices, system components or magnets

Characteristics:• rigid el. conductors• easy machining• high current carrying capacities (100A - 12kA)• low thermal conductivity

Melt in rotating mould

Annealing at 750 - 840°C

Melt Cast Processed BSCCO 2212 Bulk Partsfor direct system integration

8Bock_DE_Session1_Block1_Question3

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

Nexans SuperConductors

Nexans Current Leads enabled first application of HTS in electrical engineering

Bi-2212 for commercial use incurrent leads since 1995

IGC(SMES-system)

Oxford(“dry“ magnet)

ACCEL(SMES-system)

Fuji Electric(SMES-system)

General Atomics(Current Controller)

Todays Use of HTS Bulk Materials

9Bock_DE_Session1_Block1_Question3

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

Nexans SuperConductors

MCP Bi-2212bifilar coil, 540cm

Development of HTS elements for FCL

first time (9‘2001) successful quench test at full HTS-element (540cm)

HTS

Shunt

Solder

current

hot spot

Ic = 800 A Jc = 3500 A/cm²

10Bock_DE_Session1_Block1_Question3

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

Nexans SuperConductors

MCP BSCCO-2212 limitation behaviour at T = 77K

11Bock_DE_Session1_Block1_Question3

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

Nexans SuperConductors

Three module short-circuit testTest at FGH Engineering & Test facility

70 80 90 100 110-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

Voltage

Current

650VRMS

, 10 kA, 40 ms, 65 K

Cur

rent

/ kA

Time / ms

1000

800

600

400

200

0

-200

-400

-600

-800

-1000

SC

-Vol

tage

/ V

70 80 90 100 110-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8Current

Voltage

650VRMS

, 18.8 kA, 40 ms, 65 K

Cu

rre

nt

/ kA

Time / ms

2000

1500

1000

500

0

-500

-1000

-1500

-2000

SC

-Vo

ltag

e /

VFault current of 10 kA (18.8 kA) reduced to 6.6 kA (7.7 kA)

Voltage 650 VRMS

Current 600 ARMS

Fault limitation 40 msRT-resistance 360 mElectrical field 0.56 V/cmip/In ~ 9

symmetrical

asymmetrical

12Bock_DE_Session1_Block1_Question3

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

Nexans SuperConductors

• Only Nexans MCP BSCCO-2212 bifilar coils have reached all project specifications (competitor material failed)

• Successful short-circuit test of three bifilar coils (400 kVA model)

• A high resistive metallic shunt was successfully integrated

Important Milestones of BMBF project CURL10

- 1999 - Feasibility demonstrated

- 2000 - Successful test of small samples MCP BSCCO-2212

- 2001 - Successful test of BSCCO bifilar coil

- 2002 - Successful 0.4 MVA test (Three BSCCO bifilar coils)

- 2003 - 1 MVA test, including chopped lightning impulse test (75 kV)

- 2003 - 10 MVA prototype test, field test

Project status

12

13Bock_DE_Session1_Block1_Question3

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

Nexans SuperConductors

HTS-elementfor an FCL

Cryostat for3 phases

10 kV / 10 MVA FCL Demonstrator

Application in busbar coupling

Voltage:

10 kVCurrent:

600 AFault limitation:

60 ms

Application in busbar coupling

Voltage:

10 kVCurrent:

600 AFault limitation:

60 ms

14Bock_DE_Session1_Block1_Question3

Barcelona 12-15 May 2003

Nexans SuperConductors

• cost reduction for substations and equipment due

to lower short-circuit currents

• withstand to short-circuit currents in older

substations (e.g. substation extension)

• longer lifetime of substations and equipment

• less damage at the short-circuit location

• high degree of intermeshing

• accommodation of new generation facilities

• increase of system reliability and integrity

Benefits of superconducting FCL´s

Interactive Forum:Poster Exhibition Samples

Interactive Forum:Poster Exhibition Samples