Holy Cross High School Page 1

Body Systems

S2 Science

Homework

Holy Cross High School Page 2

Homework 1 (10 marks)

1. The cells listed below are not matched with their correct description. Match each cell to one correct description and copy them into your jotter. (7)

Cell Description

Nerve cell A thin cell which lines the inside of the mouth

White blood cell A long thin cell which carries messages around the body

Muscle cell This cell absorbs food and has a frilly surface

Sperm cell This cell defends the body against disease

Cheek cell This cell makes bones

Egg cell A large cell which grows into a baby when a sperm joins with it

Gut cell This cell can contract (shorten) and help with movement

Bone cell This cell uses its tail to swim towards the egg to fertilise it

2. The diagram below shows an amoeba which is made of one cell.

a. State the term for an organism that is made up of only one cell (1)

b. Humans are made up of many cell. State the term that describes organisms such as humans (1)

3. The diagram below shows the number of amoeba that can be seen through a microscope’s field of view

Using the information in the diagram, calculate the average height of an amoeba (1)

1mm

Holy Cross High School Page 3

Homework 2 (18 marks)

1. Below is a diagram of the respiratory system.

a. Name parts labelled 1 to 6 (6)

b. Air is made up of many gases. Which gas in humans is:

i) Breathed in (inhaled) (1) ii) Breathed out (exhaled) (1)

c. The table below shows the composition of air

Gas Inhaled air Exhaled air

(%) (%)

Oxygen

16.0

Carbon Dioxide 0.03 4.0

Nitrogen 78.1 78.1

Noble 0.94 0.94

i) Using values from the table, express the percentage of oxygen to carbon dioxide in exhaled air as a ratio in its simplest form (1)

ii) Calculate the percentage of oxygen present in inhaled air. (1)

1

3

4 6

5

2

Holy Cross High School Page 4

2. The diagram below represents the skeletal system

a. Name the bones labelled 1 to 4 from the human skeleton (4) b. State the function (the job) of bones 1 to 4 in the human body (4)

1

2

3 4

Holy Cross High School Page 5

Homework 2 (12 marks)

1. Copy and complete the sentences below using the word bank provided. (5)

a. Arteries carry _________________ blood ___________ the heart.

b. Blood reaches our cells through capillaries. Here ________ passes from the

__________ into the cells.

c. Veins carry _________________ blood _________ the heart.

2. Below is a diagram of the heart. Name the heart chambers labelled A B C & D. (4)

3. During exercise the heart beats faster and the pulse increases. Give a reason why

this happens. (2)

4. Results from a heart rate experiment are shown below. Calculate the average heart

rate for Rachel (1)

Student Heart Rate (bpm)

Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average

John 82 85 91 86.0

Alex 95 97 99 97.0

Rebecca 72 84 80 78.6

Rachel 87 94 78

back to blood away from oxygen oxygen rich oxygen poor

Holy Cross High School Page 6

Homework 3 (14 marks)

1. Copy and complete the sentences below in your jotter using words from the box. (8)

a. We need a ________________ diet to stay healthy

b. We need to eat foods to provide the body with energy. These food groups are

_____________ and ____________

c. Examples of food that are carbohydrates are ________ and _____________

d. Fats are found in foods such as __________ and ____________

e. We need to eat foods rich in ___________ to build up muscles

f. Foods such as __________ and _____________ contain protein

g. We can only live for a few days without ____________

We obtain water from our ___________ and ______________

h. Vitamins and ____________ are needed in very small quantities

They help build healthy ___________ and ______________

2. Scientists can check what food stuffs are made up of by testing with chemicals (reagents)

and noting if there is a colour change. The colour change indicates the presence of

the food group.

Copy and complete the table using a ruler, naming the chemical used and

stating the colour change expected for a positive result. Fat has been completed for you.

(6)

Food Group Chemical/substance used (reagent)

Colour Change

Starch

Sugar (Glucose)

Protein

Fat Filter paper Opaque to transparent

teeth meat oil sugar balanced bones

water fats minerals milk food butter

carbohydrates drink bread proteins

Holy Cross High School Page 7

Homework 4 (10 marks)

1. Define the term digestion (1) 2. Use notes in your jotter to copy and complete the table below (7)

Part of Digestive System Function (the job that it does)

Mouth

Gullet (oesophagus)

Stomach

Small intestine

Large Intestine

Rectum

Anus

3. Name the special molecules that carry out and speed up digestion (1) 4. Name the fluid that carries the products of digestion around the body to cells (1)

Holy Cross High School Page 8

Homework 5 (13 marks)

1. Name organs 1 to 5 of the digestive system shown below (5)

2. Enzymes are special chemicals that act like biological scissors. Describe what enzymes do to large insoluble molecules of food (1)

3. Saliva found in the mouth contains an enzyme. a. Name this enzyme (1) b. What molecule does this act on? (1) c. What is the product of this reaction? (1) d. What reagent would you use to test for this product? (1)

4. State the small molecule that is made when carbohydrates are broken down. (1) 5. Proteins are large molecules which can be broken down into smaller products by the

digestive system. Name these smaller products (1) 6. Fatty acids and glycerol are the two soluble products of what large food group? (1)

2

5

3

1

4

Holy Cross High School Page 9

Homework 6 (12 marks) 1. The apparatus below represents the model gut of a human.

a. The visking tubing contained starch. How would you test for the presence of starch? (2)

b. Using the diagram above which part of the apparatus represents the

i) Blood (1) ii) Food being digested (1) iii) Gut lining (1)

c. In this experiment amylase would be added to the visking tubing.

i) In the control experiment what would amylase be replaced with? (1) ii) What is the function of a control experiment? (1)

d. Using your knowledge of enzymes and the digestive system answer the following:

i) Predict what substance would be present after 30 minutes in the distilled water. (1) ii) Explain your answer (2) iii) How would you test for the presence of this substance? (2)

Starch and amylase