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BOLT TORQUES FOR ASME B16.5 FLANGES WITH SPIRAL WOUND GASKETS TO ASME B16.20
FLANGE MATERIAL ASTM A105
GASKET FILLER MATERIAL FLEXIBLE GRAPHITE
STUD BOLT GRADE ASTM A193-B7
NUT GRADE ASTM A194-2H
FLANGE PRESSURE CLASS 150 lb
NOMINAL FLANGE DIAMETER 600 mm
IS FLANGE JOINT INSULATED? NO
MAXIMUM FLUID TEMPERATURE 375 [375 °C MAX]
MINIMUM BOLT UTILISATION 40 % OF YIELD STRENGTH
MAXIMUM BOLT UTILISATION 60 % OF YIELD STRENGTH
STUD BOLT CONDITION NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE)
IGNORE MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE? NO
TORQUE COEFFICIENT, K 0.17STUD BOLT SIZE 1 1/4 inNO. OF STUD BOLTS 20BOLT LOAD 208.0 kNBOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS 337.0 Nm
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS 675.0 Nm
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS 1124.0 Nm
BOLT LOAD LIMITED BY FLANGE STRENGTH
NOTES:
1. BOLT TORQUE (Nm) = TORQUE COEFFICIENT, K x BOLT LOAD (kN) x BOLT DIAMETER (mm)
2. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 0 MPa
3. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa
4. GASKET PRESSURE = 71 MPa
5. BOLT UTILISATION = 58 % OF YIELD STRENGTH
6. FOR FLANGE BOLTING PROCEDURE REFER TO DRAWING NO. 467972
7. WASHERS ARE TO BE USED UNDER EACH NUT FOR STUD BOLT SIZES > 1"
8. GASKET TO HAVE OUTER (CENTERING) AND INNER RINGS
COMPLETE BOLT LOAD RESULTS
MINIMUM BOLT LOAD (BOLT UTILISATION) 144 kN
MINIMUM BOLT LOAD (GASKET PRESSURE) 0 kN
MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD (FLANGE STRENGTH) 208 kN
MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD (BOLT UTILISATION) 216 kN
MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD (GASKET PRESSURE) 590 kN
MINIMUM BOLT LOAD 144 kN
MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD 208 kN
BOLT LOAD RANGE 144 - 208 kN
0C
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GASKET PRESSURE RANGE 49 - 71 MPa
NOTES:
1. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD REQUIRED FOR MINIMUM BOLT UTILISATION
2. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD LIMITED BY FLANGE STRENGTH
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TORQUE TABLES FOR ASME B16.5 FLANGES WITH SPIRAL WOUND GASKETS TO ASME B16.20
FLANGE SPECIFICATION: ASME B16.5
MAXIMUM FLUID TEMPERATURE: 375 °C
FLANGE MATERIAL: ASTM A105
STUD BOLT SPECIFICATION: ASTM A193-B7
NUT SPECIFICATION: ASTM A194-2H
GASKET SPECIFICATION: SPIRAL WOUND GASKET TO ASME B16.20 WITH OUTER (CENTERING) & INNER RINGS
BOLT LUBRICANT: NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE)
TORQUE COEFFICIENT: 0.17
CLASS 150
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
BOLT SIZE (in) 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4
NO. OF BOLTS 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 16 16 20 20
BOLT LOAD (kN) 19.7 19.7 22.1 29.5 29.5 47.3 47.3 47.3 37.6 63.5 70.6 70.6 94.1 97.9 115.4 117.4 169.5 166.3 208.3
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (Nm) 13.0 13.0 14.0 19.0 19.0 38.0 38.0 38.0 30.0 62.0 69.0 69.0 107.0 111.0 149.0 152.0 247.0 242.0 337.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (Nm) 26.0 26.0 29.0 38.0 38.0 77.0 77.0 77.0 61.0 123.0 137.0 137.0 213.0 222.0 299.0 304.0 494.0 485.0 675.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (Nm) 43.0 43.0 48.0 64.0 64.0 128.0 128.0 128.0 101.0 206.0 229.0 229.0 356.0 370.0 498.0 507.0 823.0 808.0 1124.0
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (ft.lb) 9.0 9.0 11.0 14.0 14.0 28.0 28.0 28.0 22.0 45.0 51.0 51.0 79.0 82.0 110.0 112.0 182.0 179.0 249.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (ft.lb) 19.0 19.0 21.0 28.0 28.0 57.0 57.0 57.0 45.0 91.0 101.0 101.0 157.0 164.0 220.0 224.0 364.0 357.0 498.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (ft.lb) 31.0 31.0 35.0 47.0 47.0 94.0 94.0 94.0 75.0 152.0 169.0 169.0 262.0 273.0 367.0 374.0 607.0 596.0 829.0
CLASS 300
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
BOLT SIZE (in) 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/2
NO. OF BOLTS 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 16 16 20 20 24 24 24
BOLT LOAD (kN) 19.7 31.5 31.5 47.3 55.8 34.3 47.1 61.8 70.6 70.6 65.2 97.9 122.4 162.5 113.0 143.9 163.5 186.1 239.4
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (Nm) 13.0 26.0 26.0 38.0 54.0 28.0 46.0 60.0 69.0 69.0 63.0 111.0 158.0 237.0 165.0 233.0 265.0 301.0 465.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (Nm) 26.0 51.0 51.0 77.0 108.0 56.0 92.0 120.0 137.0 137.0 127.0 222.0 317.0 474.0 329.0 466.0 530.0 603.0 930.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (Nm) 43.0 85.0 85.0 128.0 181.0 93.0 153.0 200.0 229.0 229.0 211.0 370.0 528.0 789.0 549.0 777.0 883.0 1005.0 1550.0
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (ft.lb) 9.0 19.0 19.0 28.0 40.0 20.0 34.0 44.0 51.0 51.0 47.0 82.0 117.0 175.0 121.0 172.0 195.0 222.0 343.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (ft.lb) 19.0 38.0 38.0 57.0 80.0 41.0 67.0 89.0 101.0 101.0 93.0 164.0 234.0 349.0 243.0 344.0 391.0 445.0 686.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (ft.lb) 31.0 63.0 63.0 94.0 133.0 68.0 112.0 148.0 169.0 169.0 156.0 273.0 390.0 582.0 405.0 573.0 651.0 741.0 1144.0
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CLASS 600
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
BOLT SIZE (in) 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 3/8 1 1/2 1 5/8 1 5/8 1 7/8
NO. OF BOLTS 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 16 20 20 20 20 24 24
BOLT LOAD (kN) 19.7 31.5 34.5 47.3 70.6 47.3 56.9 70.6 97.9 128.7 128.3 169.5 187.0 183.1 185.7 242.7 388.7 377.5 482.4
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (Nm) 13.0 26.0 28.0 38.0 69.0 38.0 55.0 69.0 111.0 167.0 166.0 247.0 303.0 296.0 331.0 471.0 818.0 795.0 1172.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (Nm) 26.0 51.0 56.0 77.0 137.0 77.0 111.0 137.0 222.0 333.0 332.0 494.0 606.0 593.0 661.0 943.0 1637.0 1589.0 2343.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (Nm) 43.0 85.0 93.0 128.0 229.0 128.0 184.0 229.0 370.0 556.0 554.0 823.0 1009.0 988.0 1102.0 1572.0 2728.0 2649.0 3905.0
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (ft.lb) 9.0 19.0 21.0 28.0 51.0 28.0 41.0 51.0 82.0 123.0 123.0 182.0 223.0 219.0 244.0 348.0 604.0 586.0 864.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (ft.lb) 19.0 38.0 41.0 57.0 101.0 57.0 82.0 101.0 164.0 246.0 245.0 364.0 447.0 437.0 488.0 696.0 1207.0 1172.0 1728.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (ft.lb) 31.0 63.0 69.0 94.0 169.0 94.0 136.0 169.0 273.0 410.0 409.0 607.0 745.0 729.0 813.0 1159.0 2012.0 1954.0 2880.0
CLASS 900
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
BOLT SIZE (in) 7/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/8 1 3/8 1 3/8 1 3/8 1 1/2 1 5/8 1 7/8 2 2 1/2
NO. OF BOLTS 8 8 8 12 12 16 20 20 20 20 20 20
BOLT LOAD (kN) 97.9 148.2 193.1 169.5 220.0 200.7 241.6 263.8 303.7 441.8 435.8 521.9
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (Nm) 111.0 216.0 313.0 247.0 392.0 357.0 430.0 513.0 639.0 1073.0 1129.0 1690.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (Nm) 222.0 432.0 625.0 494.0 784.0 715.0 861.0 1025.0 1279.0 2146.0 2258.0 3380.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (Nm) 370.0 720.0 1042.0 823.0 1306.0 1192.0 1435.0 1709.0 2131.0 3577.0 3763.0 5634.0
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (ft.lb) 82.0 159.0 231.0 182.0 289.0 264.0 317.0 378.0 472.0 791.0 833.0 1247.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (ft.lb) 164.0 319.0 461.0 364.0 578.0 527.0 635.0 756.0 943.0 1583.0 1665.0 2493.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (ft.lb) 273.0 531.0 769.0 607.0 964.0 879.0 1058.0 1260.0 1572.0 2638.0 2776.0 4155.0
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CLASS 1500
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
BOLT SIZE (in) 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/8 1 5/8 1 7/8 2 2 1/4 2 1/2 2 3/4 3 3 1/2
NO. OF BOLTS 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 16 16 16 16 16 16
BOLT LOAD (kN) 32.4 36.3 50.0 81.9 102.1 77.1 94.9 118.9 165.7 219.2 190.0 256.5 336.2 302.0 361.6 453.0 552.2 609.2 838.2
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (Nm) 31.0 35.0 57.0 93.0 132.0 87.0 123.0 173.0 268.0 426.0 338.0 540.0 817.0 783.0 1054.0 1467.0 1967.0 2368.0 3800.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (Nm) 63.0 71.0 113.0 186.0 264.0 175.0 246.0 347.0 537.0 852.0 677.0 1080.0 1633.0 1565.0 2108.0 2934.0 3934.0 4735.0 7601.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (Nm) 105.0 118.0 189.0 309.0 441.0 291.0 410.0 578.0 894.0 1420.0 1128.0 1799.0 2722.0 2608.0 3514.0 4890.0 6557.0 7892.0 ###
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (ft.lb) 23.0 26.0 42.0 68.0 98.0 64.0 91.0 128.0 198.0 314.0 250.0 398.0 602.0 577.0 777.0 1082.0 1451.0 1746.0 2803.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (ft.lb) 46.0 52.0 84.0 137.0 195.0 129.0 181.0 256.0 396.0 628.0 499.0 796.0 1205.0 1154.0 1555.0 2164.0 2902.0 3493.0 5606.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (ft.lb) 77.0 87.0 139.0 228.0 325.0 215.0 302.0 426.0 660.0 1047.0 832.0 1327.0 2008.0 1924.0 2591.0 3607.0 4837.0 5821.0 9344.0
CLASS 2500
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
BOLT SIZE (in) 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/4 2 2 2 1/2 2 3/4
NO. OF BOLTS 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12
BOLT LOAD (kN) 29.4 36.3 50.0 81.9 102.1 77.1 94.9 118.9 166.4 219.2 285.0 256.5 411.8 458.8
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (Nm) 29.0 35.0 57.0 106.0 149.0 100.0 138.0 193.0 323.0 497.0 738.0 664.0 1334.0 1634.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (Nm) 57.0 71.0 113.0 212.0 297.0 200.0 277.0 385.0 647.0 994.0 1477.0 1329.0 2668.0 3268.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (Nm) 95.0 118.0 189.0 353.0 496.0 333.0 461.0 642.0 1078.0 1656.0 2461.0 2215.0 4446.0 5447.0
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (ft.lb) 21.0 26.0 42.0 78.0 110.0 74.0 102.0 142.0 239.0 366.0 545.0 490.0 984.0 1205.0
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (ft.lb) 42.0 52.0 84.0 156.0 219.0 147.0 204.0 284.0 477.0 733.0 1089.0 980.0 1967.0 2411.0
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (ft.lb) 70.0 87.0 139.0 261.0 366.0 246.0 340.0 473.0 795.0 1222.0 1815.0 1633.0 3279.0 4018.0
NOTES:
1. BOLT TORQUE (Nm) = TORQUE COEFFICIENT, K x BOLT LOAD (kN) x BOLT DIAMETER (mm).
2. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 0 MPa.
3. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa.
4. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 40 % OF Y.S. (CLASSES 150, 300 & 600), 30 % OF Y.S. (CLASS 900), 27.5 % OF Y.S. (CLASS 1500) & 25 % OF Y.S. (CLASS 2500).
5. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
6. FOR FLANGE BOLTING PROCEDURE REFER TO DRAWING NO. 467972.
7. WASHERS ARE TO BE USED UNDER EACH NUT FOR STUD BOLT SIZES > 1".
8. TABLES ARE TO BE USED AS A GENERAL GUIDE.
9. TABLES SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED TO CONTAIN ABSOLUTE VALUES DUE TO THE LARGE NUMBER OF UNCONTROLLABLE VARIABLES INVOLVED WITH BOLTED JOINTS.
10. ALL BOLT TORQUE TABLES ARE BASED ON THE USE NEW BOLTS AND NUTS.
11. THE FLANGES ARE ASSUMED TO BE IN GOOD CONDITION AND IN COMPLIANCE WITH ASME B16.5 SPECIFICATIONS.
SPECIAL ATTENTION SHOULD BE GIVEN TO SEATING SURFACE FINISH AND FLATNESS.
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12. ONLY TORQUE WRENCHES THAT HAVE BEEN CALIBRATED SHOULD BE USED.
13. FLANGE JOINTS ARE CONSIDERED TO BE UNINSULATED.
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REVIEW CALCULATIONS
FLANGE SPECIFICATION: ASME B16.5 LEGEND:
MAXIMUM FLUID TEMPERATURE: 375 °C G:
FLANGE MATERIAL: ASTM A105 B:
STUD BOLT SPECIFICATION: ASTM A193-B7
NUT SPECIFICATION: ASTM A194-2H
GASKET SPECIFICATION: SPIRAL WOUND GASKET TO ASME B16.20 WITH OUTER (CENTERING) & INNER RINGS
CLASS 150
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80
GASKET PRESSURE (MPa) 155 108 89 109 77 97 83 57
BOLT UTILISATION (% YS) 40 40 45 60 60 60 60 60
FLANGE STRESS LEVEL (% ALLOW) 143 114 100 83 69 86 93 70
B
NOTES:
1. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 0 MPa.
2. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa.
3. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 40% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
4. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
CLASS 300
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80
GASKET PRESSURE (MPa) 155 174 126 175 146 140 166 149
BOLT UTILISATION (% YS) 40 40 40 60 47 44 40 52
FLANGE STRESS LEVEL (% ALLOW) 115 115 104 99 100 100 103 100
B B B B
NOTES:
1. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 0 MPa.
2. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa.
3. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 40% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
4. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
CLASS 600
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80
GASKET PRESSURE (MPa) 155 174 138 175 184 193 200 170
BOLT UTILISATION (% YS) 40 40 44 60 60 60 48 60
FLANGE STRESS LEVEL (% ALLOW) 101 114 100 71 98 87 98 88
B B
NOTES:
1. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 0 MPa.
2. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa.
3. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 40% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
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4. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
CLASS 900
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80
GASKET PRESSURE (MPa) 182
BOLT UTILISATION (% YS) 60
FLANGE STRESS LEVEL (% ALLOW) 96
NOTES:
1. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 0 MPa.
2. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa.
3. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 30% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
4. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
CLASS 1500
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80
GASKET PRESSURE (MPa) 256 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
BOLT UTILISATION (% YS) 27.5 30.9 30.6 50.1 47.6 47.2 44.3 42.1
FLANGE STRESS LEVEL (% ALLOW) 72 58 61 86 88 95 83 74
B
NOTES:
1. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 0 MPa.
2. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa.
3. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 27.5% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
4. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
CLASS 2500
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80
GASKET PRESSURE (MPa) 232 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
BOLT UTILISATION (% YS) 25.0 30.9 30.6 38.2 36.1 36.0 33.6 33.0
FLANGE STRESS LEVEL (% ALLOW) 40 37 41 49 49 65 56 49
B
NOTES:
1. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 0 MPa.
2. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 200 MPa.
3. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 25% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
4. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
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LEGEND:
BOLT LOAD REQUIRED FOR MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE
BOLT LOAD REQUIRED FOR MINIMUM BOLT UTILISATION
SPIRAL WOUND GASKET TO ASME B16.20 WITH OUTER (CENTERING) & INNER RINGS
NO. < MIN RECOMMENDED
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm) MIN REC100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
62 88 68 48 79 60 65 66 66 73 71 8 7048 54 60 60 58 60 54 55 60 59 58 0 40
100 100 82 69 100 74 100 100 88 100 100 2
NO. < MIN RECOMMENDED
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm) MIN REC100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
116 98 94 100 136 133 106 101 95 99 97 0 7060 60 55 60 57 58 40 40 45 52 44 0 4084 73 100 92 100 100 117 103 100 100 100 6
B B
NO. < MIN RECOMMENDED
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm) MIN REC100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
129 133 147 139 150 140 138 139 174 184 196 0 7060 60 60 60 52 51 42 45 60 58 54 0 4083 98 100 96 100 100 100 100 91 100 100 2
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NO. < MIN RECOMMENDED
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm) MIN REC100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
195 200 194 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 0 7052 54 60 49 45 54 49 47 50 43 32 0 30
100 90 93 89 87 96 80 76 80 67 50 0
NO. < MIN RECOMMENDED
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm) MIN REC100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
200 200 200 200 200 200 254 210 200 200 208 0 7046.1 40.4 42.6 39.6 37.9 29.6 27.5 27.5 30.1 27.6 27.5 0 27.575 62 57 57 51 44 47 47 43 41 41 0
B B B
NO. < MIN RECOMMENDED
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm) MIN REC100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
200 200 200 200 263 201 0 7030.7 28.7 27.9 25.1 25.0 25.0 0 2552 44 40 36 36 31 0
B B
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NO. < MIN RECOMMENDED
AVE (< MIN REC) MIN MAX
61.5 48 155 40 60 69 143
NO. < MIN RECOMMENDED
AVE (< MIN REC) MIN MAX
94 175 40 60 73 117
NO. < MIN RECOMMENDED
AVE (< MIN REC) MIN MAX
129 200 40 60 71 114
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NO. < MIN RECOMMENDED
AVE (< MIN REC) MIN MAX
182 200 32 60 50 100
NO. < MIN RECOMMENDED
AVE (< MIN REC) MIN MAX
200 256 28 50 41 95
NO. < MIN RECOMMENDED
AVE (< MIN REC) MIN MAX
200 263 25 38 31 65
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document.xls Page 13
Calculations For ASME B16.5 Flanges With Spiral Wound Gaskets to ASME B16.20
Flange Material = ASTM A105Stud Bolt Grade = ASTM A193-B7
Nut Grade = ASTM A194-2HMinimum Gasket Stress = 0 MPa
Maximum Gasket Stress = 200 MPaMinimum Bolt Load (Class 150, 300 & 600) = 40.0 % of Yield Strength
Minimum Bolt Load (Class 900) = 30.0 % of Yield StrengthMinimum Bolt Load (Class 1500) = 27.5 % of Yield StrengthMinimum Bolt Load (Class 2500) = 25.0 % of Yield Strength
Maximum Bolt Load = 60 % of Yield StrengthBolt Condition = NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE)
Torque Coefficient, K = 0.17
Class 150
Nominal Pipe Size (mm)15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
Gasket Contact ID (mm) 19.0 25.4 31.8 47.8 54.1 69.9 82.6 101.6 127.0 155.7 182.6 233.4 287.3 339.9 371.6 422.4 474.7 525.5 628.7Gasket Contact OD (mm) 31.8 39.6 47.8 60.5 69.9 85.9 98.6 120.6 149.4 177.8 209.5 263.7 317.5 374.7 406.4 463.5 527.1 577.9 685.8No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 16 16 20 20Size of Bolts (in) 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4Threads per Inch 13 13 13 13 13 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 9 9 8 8 8 8 8
507 726 999 1079 1533 1957 2276 3325 4851 5788 8293 11800 14357 19528 21263 28632 41168 45343 59000
83.4 83.4 83.4 83.4 83.4 134 134 134 134 199 199 199 276 276 363 363 478 478 609 Bolt Yield Strength (MPa) 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 Maximum Bolt Load Based on Flange Strength (MPa) 14 17 22 36 43 55 51 68 38 63 86 102 94 133 115 117 192 166 208 Maximum Bolt Load Available (kN) 30 30 30 30 30 47 47 47 47 71 71 71 98 98 129 129 169 169 216 Maximum Gasket Pressure Available (MPa) 233 163 118 109 77 97 83 57 78 98 68 48 82 60 73 72 66 75 73Maximum Gasket Pressure Recommended or Available (MPa) 200 163 118 109 77 97 83 57 78 98 68 48 82 60 73 72 66 75 73Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Bolt Utilisation (kN) 20 20 20 20 20 32 32 32 32 47 47 47 65 65 86 86 113 113 144 Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Gasket Pressure (kN) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Minimum Bolt Load (kN) 20 20 20 20 20 32 32 32 32 47 47 47 65 65 86 86 113 113 144Minimum Bolt Torque (Nm) 43 43 43 43 43 85 85 85 85 153 153 153 247 247 370 370 549 549 777Preferred Bolt Load (kN) 14 17 22 30 30 47 47 47 38 63 71 71 94 98 115 117 169 166 208Preferred Bolt Torque (Nm) 30 37 48 64 64 128 128 128 101 206 229 229 356 370 498 507 823 808 1124Preferred Gasket Pressure (MPa) 109 95 89 109 77 97 83 57 62 88 68 48 79 60 65 66 66 73 71
Class 300 Gasket Compression =
Nominal Pipe Size (mm)15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
Gasket Contact ID (mm) 19.0 25.4 31.8 47.8 54.1 69.9 82.6 101.6 127.0 155.7 182.6 233.4 287.3 339.9 371.6 422.4 474.7 525.5 628.7Gasket Contact OD (mm) 31.8 39.6 47.8 60.5 69.9 85.9 98.6 120.6 149.4 177.8 209.5 263.7 317.5 374.7 406.4 463.5 527.1 577.9 685.8No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 16 16 20 20 24 24 24Size of Bolts (in) 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/2Threads per Inch 13 11 11 11 10 11 10 10 10 10 10 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
507 726 999 1079 1533 1957 2276 3325 4851 5788 8293 11800 14357 19528 21263 28632 41168 45343 59000
83.4 133.6 133.6 133.6 199.4 134 199 199 199 199 199 276 363 478 478 609 609 609 919 Bolt Yield Strength (MPa) 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 Maximum Bolt Load Based on Flange Strength (MPa) 17 27 30 48 56 34 46 62 85 96 65 106 122 163 97 139 164 186 239 Maximum Bolt Load Available (kN) 30 47 47 47 71 47 71 71 71 71 71 98 129 169 169 216 216 216 326 Maximum Gasket Pressure Available (MPa) 233 261 189 175 184 193 248 170 116 98 102 100 143 139 159 151 126 114 132Maximum Gasket Pressure Recommended or Available (MPa) 200 200 189 175 184 193 200 170 116 98 102 100 143 139 159 151 126 114 132
Gasket Contact Area (mm2)
Bolt Core Area (mm2)
Gasket Contact Area (mm2)
Bolt Core Area (mm2)
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Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Bolt Utilisation (kN) 20 32 32 32 47 32 47 47 47 47 47 65 86 113 113 144 144 144 217 Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Gasket Pressure (kN) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Minimum Bolt Load (kN) 20 32 32 32 47 32 47 47 47 47 47 65 86 113 113 144 144 144 217Minimum Bolt Torque (Nm) 43 85 85 85 153 85 153 153 153 153 153 247 370 549 549 777 777 777 1406Preferred Bolt Load (kN) 17 27 30 47 56 34 46 62 71 71 65 98 122 163 97 139 164 186 239Preferred Bolt Torque (Nm) 37 74 82 128 181 93 148 200 229 229 211 370 528 789 469 751 883 1005 1550Preferred Gasket Pressure (MPa) 135 151 121 175 146 140 161 149 116 98 94 100 136 133 91 97 95 99 97
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Class 600
Nominal Pipe Size (mm)15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
Gasket Contact ID (mm) 19.0 25.4 31.8 47.8 54.1 69.9 82.6 101.6 120.6 147.6 174.8 225.6 274.6 327.2 362.0 412.8 469.9 520.7 628.7Gasket Contact OD (mm) 31.8 39.6 47.8 60.5 69.9 85.9 98.6 120.6 149.4 177.8 209.5 263.7 317.5 374.7 406.4 463.5 527.1 577.9 685.8No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 16 20 20 20 20 24 24Size of Bolts (in) 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 3/8 1 1/2 1 5/8 1 5/8 1 7/8Threads per Inch 13 11 11 11 10 11 10 10 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
507 726 999 1079 1533 1957 2276 3325 6087 7724 10503 14639 19961 26181 26824 34963 44749 49309 59000
83.4 133.6 133.6 133.6 199.4 134 199 199 276 363 363 478 609 609 756 919 1097 1097 1502 Bolt Yield Strength (MPa) 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 Maximum Bolt Load Based on Flange Strength (MPa) 19 28 35 66 72 55 58 80 119 131 128 176 187 183 186 243 428 378 482 Maximum Bolt Load Available (kN) 30 47 47 47 71 47 71 71 98 129 129 169 216 216 268 326 389 389 532 Maximum Gasket Pressure Available (MPa) 233 261 189 175 184 193 248 170 129 133 147 139 173 165 200 186 174 189 216Maximum Gasket Pressure Recommended or Available (MPa) 200 200 189 175 184 193 200 170 129 133 147 139 173 165 200 186 174 189 200Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Bolt Utilisation (kN) 20 32 32 32 47 32 47 47 65 86 86 113 144 144 179 217 259 259 355 Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Gasket Pressure (kN) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Minimum Bolt Load (kN) 20 32 32 32 47 32 47 47 65 86 86 113 144 144 179 217 259 259 355Minimum Bolt Torque (Nm) 43 85 85 85 153 85 153 153 247 370 370 549 777 777 1060 1406 1818 1818 2872Preferred Bolt Load (kN) 19 28 35 47 71 47 57 71 98 129 128 169 187 183 186 243 389 378 482Preferred Bolt Torque (Nm) 42 74 93 128 229 128 184 229 370 556 554 823 1009 988 1102 1572 2728 2649 3905Preferred Gasket Pressure (MPa) 154 152 138 175 184 193 200 170 129 133 147 139 150 140 138 139 174 184 196
Class 900
Nominal Pipe Size (mm)15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
Gasket Contact ID (mm) 95.3 120.6 147.6 174.8 222.3 276.4 323.8 355.6 412.8 463.5 520.7 628.7Gasket Contact OD (mm) 120.6 149.4 177.8 209.5 257.3 311.2 368.3 400.0 457.2 520.7 571.5 679.4No. of Bolts 8 8 8 12 12 16 20 20 20 20 20 20Size of Bolts (in) 7/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/8 1 3/8 1 3/8 1 3/8 1 1/2 1 5/8 1 7/8 2 2 1/2Threads per Inch 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
4307 6087 7724 10503 13202 16057 24164 26380 30371 44179 43577 52191
276 478 609 478 756 756 756 919 1097 1502 1728 2790 Bolt Yield Strength (MPa) 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 Maximum Bolt Load Based on Flange Strength (MPa) 102 148 214 183 246 232 253 331 399 551 646 1051 Maximum Bolt Load Available (kN) 98 169 216 169 268 268 268 326 389 532 612 988 Maximum Gasket Pressure Available (MPa) 182 223 224 194 243 267 222 247 256 241 281 379Maximum Gasket Pressure Recommended or Available (MPa) 182 200 200 194 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Bolt Utilisation (kN) 49 85 108 85 134 134 134 163 194 266 306 494 Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Gasket Pressure (kN) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Minimum Bolt Load (kN) 49 85 108 85 134 134 134 163 194 266 306 494Minimum Bolt Torque (Nm) 185 412 583 412 795 795 795 1054 1364 2154 2643 5335Preferred Bolt Load (kN) 98 148 193 169 220 201 242 264 304 442 436 522Preferred Bolt Torque (Nm) 370 720 1042 823 1306 1192 1435 1709 2131 3577 3763 5634Preferred Gasket Pressure (MPa) 182 195 200 194 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
Class 1500
Nominal Pipe Size (mm)15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
Gasket Contact ID (mm) 19.0 25.4 31.8 39.6 47.8 58.7 69.9 92.2 117.6 143.0 171.5 215.9 266.7 323.8 362.0 406.4 463.5 514.4 615.9
Gasket Contact Area (mm2)
Bolt Core Area (mm2)
Gasket Contact Area (mm2)
Bolt Core Area (mm2)
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Gasket Contact OD (mm) 31.8 39.6 47.8 60.5 69.9 85.9 98.6 120.6 149.2 177.8 209.5 257.3 311.2 368.3 400.0 457.2 520.7 571.5 679.4No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 16 16 16 16 16 16Size of Bolts (in) 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/8 1 5/8 1 7/8 2 2 1/4 2 1/2 2 3/4 3 3 1/2Threads per Inch 10 10 9 9 8 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
507 726 999 1637 2041 3085 3796 4756 6627 8768 11401 15387 20173 24164 22802 34456 44179 48739 64605
199.4 199.4 276.5 276.5 363.2 276 363 478 609 919 756 1097 1502 1728 2227 2790 3416 4106 5675 Bolt Yield Strength (MPa) 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 537 537 537 Maximum Bolt Load Based on Flange Strength (MPa) 45 63 82 96 116 81 114 161 221 356 332 453 659 683 771 970 1270 1486 2054 Maximum Bolt Load Available (kN) 71 71 98 98 129 98 129 169 216 326 268 389 532 612 789 988 1101 1323 1829 Maximum Gasket Pressure Available (MPa) 558 389 392 239 252 254 271 285 261 297 282 303 316 405 554 459 399 434 453Maximum Gasket Pressure Recommended or Available (MPa) 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Bolt Utilisation (kN) 32 32 45 45 59 45 59 78 99 149 123 178 244 281 362 453 505 606 838 Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Gasket Pressure (kN) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Minimum Bolt Load (kN) 32 32 45 45 59 45 59 78 99 149 123 178 244 281 362 453 505 606 838Minimum Bolt Torque (Nm) 105 105 170 170 255 170 255 377 534 966 729 1250 1974 2423 3514 4890 5992 7856 12668Preferred Bolt Load (kN) 25 36 50 82 102 77 95 119 166 219 190 256 336 302 285 431 552 609 808Preferred Bolt Torque (Nm) 82 118 189 309 441 291 410 578 894 1420 1128 1799 2722 2608 2769 4649 6557 7892 12205Preferred Gasket Pressure (MPa) 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
Class 2500
Nominal Pipe Size (mm)15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
Gasket Contact ID (mm) 19.0 25.4 31.8 39.6 47.8 58.7 69.9 92.2 117.6 143.0 171.5 215.9 270.0 317.5Gasket Contact OD (mm) 31.8 39.6 47.8 60.5 69.9 85.9 98.6 120.6 149.4 177.8 209.5 257.3 311.2 368.3No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12Size of Bolts (in) 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/4 2 2 2 1/2 2 3/4Threads per Inch 10 10 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
507 726 999 1637 2041 3085 3796 4756 6657 8768 11401 15387 18781 27362
199.4 199.4 276.5 363.2 478.4 363 478 609 919 1292 1728 1728 2790 3416 Bolt Yield Strength (MPa) 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 537 Maximum Bolt Load Based on Flange Strength (MPa) 73 98 122 166 208 119 170 243 322 501 714 714 1153 1500 Maximum Bolt Load Available (kN) 71 71 98 129 169 129 169 216 326 458 612 612 988 1101 Maximum Gasket Pressure Available (MPa) 558 389 392 314 332 334 357 363 391 418 430 477 632 483Maximum Gasket Pressure Recommended or Available (MPa) 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Bolt Utilisation (kN) 29 29 41 54 71 54 71 90 136 191 255 255 412 459 Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Gasket Pressure (kN) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Minimum Bolt Load (kN) 29 29 41 54 71 54 71 90 136 191 255 255 412 459Minimum Bolt Torque (Nm) 95 95 154 231 343 231 343 485 878 1441 2203 2203 4446 5447Preferred Bolt Load (kN) 25 36 50 82 102 77 95 119 166 219 285 256 313 456Preferred Bolt Torque (Nm) 82 118 189 353 496 333 461 642 1078 1656 2461 2215 3379 5415Preferred Gasket Pressure (MPa) 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
Notes:
1. Tables are to be used only as a general guide. 2. Tables should not be considered to contain absolute values due to the large number of uncontrollable variables involved with bolted joints. 3. If there is doubt as to the proper torque value to use, it recommended that the maximum value be used. 4. All bolt torque values are based upon the use of new nuts and new bolts of proper design, acceptable quality and approved materials of construction as well as metallurgy.5. The flanges are assumed to be in good condition and in compliance with ASME B16.5 specifications. Special attention should be given to seating surface finish and flatness.6. Only torque wrenches that have been calibrated should be used. 7. Refer to Drawing No. 467972 for the flange bolting procedure to be used.8. No provisions have been made in these tables to account for vibration effects on the bolts. 9. Spiral wound gaskets are to be supplied with both outer (centering) and inner rings.
Gasket Contact Area (mm2)
Bolt Core Area (mm2)
Gasket Contact Area (mm2)
Bolt Core Area (mm2)
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Data For ASME B16.5 Flanges & ASME B16.20 Spiral Wound Gaskets
Maximum Fluid Temperature = 375
Class 150Nom. Pipe Size (inches)
0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16
Gsk. ID Contact (inches) 0.75 1 1.25 1.88 2.13 2.75 3.25 4 5 6.13 7.19 9.19 11.31 13.38 14.63 16.63
Gsk. OD Contact (inches) 1.25 1.56 1.88 2.38 2.75 3.38 3.88 4.75 5.88 7 8.25 10.38 12.5 14.75 16 18.25
No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 16
Size of Bolts (inches) 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 1
Threads per Inch 13 13 13 13 13 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 9 9 8 8
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Carbon Steel (MPa) 231 289 372 598 720 579 534 714 394 446 603 720 477 674 445 453
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Stainless Steel (MPa) 192 240 309 497 598 481 444 593 327 370 501 598 396 560 370 376
Class 300Nom. Pipe Size (inches)
0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16
Gsk. ID Contact (inches) 0.75 1 1.25 1.88 2.13 2.75 3.25 4 5 6.13 7.19 9.19 11.31 13.38 14.63 16.63
Gsk. OD Contact (inches) 1.25 1.56 1.88 2.38 2.75 3.38 3.88 4.75 5.88 7 8.25 10.38 12.5 14.75 16 18.25
No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 16 16 20 20
Size of Bolts (inches) 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4
Threads per Inch 13 11 11 11 10 11 10 10 10 10 10 9 8 8 8 8
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Carbon Steel (MPa) 287 287 318 503 392 360 321 434 594 678 458 538 472 476 283 320
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Stainless Steel (MPa) 238 238 264 418 326 299 267 361 493 563 380 447 392 395 235 266
Class 600Nom. Pipe Size (inches)
0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16
Gsk. ID Contact (inches) 0.75 1 1.25 1.88 2.13 2.75 3.25 4 4.75 5.81 6.88 8.88 10.81 12.88 14.25 16.25
Gsk. OD Contact (inches) 1.25 1.56 1.88 2.38 2.75 3.38 3.88 4.75 5.88 7 8.25 10.38 12.5 14.75 16 18.25
No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 16 20 20 20
Size of Bolts (inches) 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 3/8 1 1/2
Threads per Inch 13 11 11 11 10 11 10 10 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Carbon Steel (MPa) 327 289 362 695 506 572 410 563 601 507 495 515 430 421 344 370
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Stainless Steel (MPa) 272 240 301 577 420 475 341 468 499 421 411 428 357 350 286 307
Class 900Nom. Pipe Size (inches)
0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16
Gsk. ID Contact (inches) 3.75 4.75 5.81 6.88 8.75 10.88 12.75 14 16.25
Gsk. OD Contact (inches) 4.75 5.88 7 8.25 10.13 12.25 14.5 15.75 18
No. of Bolts 8 8 8 12 12 16 20 20 20
Size of Bolts (inches) 7/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/8 1 3/8 1 3/8 1 3/8 1 1/2 1 5/8
Threads per Inch 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Carbon Steel (MPa) 518 434 492 536 456 429 468 504 509
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Stainless Steel (MPa) 430 361 409 445 379 356 389 419 423
Class 1500Nom. Pipe Size (inches)
OC
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0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16
Gsk. ID Contact (inches) 0.75 1 1.25 1.56 1.88 2.31 2.75 3.63 4.63 5.63 6.75 8.5 10.5 12.75 14.25 16.00
Gsk. OD Contact (inches) 1.25 1.56 1.88 2.38 2.75 3.38 3.88 4.75 5.88 7 8.25 10.13 12.25 14.5 15.75 18
No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 16 16 16
Size of Bolts (inches) 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/8 1 5/8 1 7/8 2 2 1/4 2 1/2
Threads per Inch 10 10 9 9 8 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Carbon Steel (MPa) 314 440 418 484 446 413 441 471 507 543 615 579 615 554 485 487
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Stainless Steel (MPa) 261 365 347 402 370 343 366 391 421 451 511 481 511 460 403 405
Class 2500Nom. Pipe Size (inches)
0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16
Gsk. ID Contact (inches) 0.75 1 1.25 1.56 1.88 2.31 2.75 3.63 4.63 5.63 6.75 8.5 10.63 12.5
Gsk. OD Contact (inches) 1.25 1.56 1.88 2.38 2.75 3.38 3.88 4.75 5.88 7 8.25 10.13 12.25 14.5
No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12
Size of Bolts (inches) 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/4 2 2 2 1/2 2 3/4
Threads per Inch 10 10 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Carbon Steel (MPa) 516 690 618 642 609 459 499 558 491 543 579 579 579 615
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Stainless Steel (MPa) 429 573 513 533 506 381 414 464 408 451 481 481 481 511
Flange Sizes
ASTM A193-B7 & B16 STUD BOLTS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
150 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
300 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
600 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
900 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
1500 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
2500 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300
150 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
ASTM A193-B8 & B8M CLASS 2 STUD BOLTS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
150 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
300 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
600 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
900 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350
1500 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150
2500 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100
150 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
ASTM A193-B7 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
Bolt / Nut Data
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Bolt Yield Strength Ratios
MATERIAL Maximum Bolt Operating Temperature =
20 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 425 450 500 525 1
ASTM A193 GRADE B7 (d <= 2 1/2") 1.00 1.00 0.93 0.89 0.87 0.85 0.82 2 300 350
ASTM A193 GRADE B7 (d <= 4") 1.00 1.00 0.93 0.89 0.87 0.85 0.82 3 300 350
ASTM A193 GRADE B16 (d <= 2 1/2") 1.00 1.00 0.96 0.94 0.92 0.89 0.87 0.85 0.82 0.80 4 300 350
ASTM A193 GRADE B16 (d <= 4") 1.00 1.00 0.96 0.94 0.92 0.89 0.87 0.85 0.82 0.80 5 300 350
ASTM A193 GRADE B8 (d <= 3/4") 1.00 1.00 0.78 0.71 0.66 0.63 0.61 0.58 0.55 0.53 0.52 0.49 0.48 6 300 350
ASTM A193 GRADE B8 (d <= 1") 1.00 1.00 0.82 0.78 0.72 0.68 0.65 0.59 0.58 0.56 0.56 0.53 0.53 7 300 350
ASTM A193 GRADE B8 (d <= 1 1/4") 1.00 1.00 0.89 0.84 0.81 0.80 0.80 0.76 0.74 0.72 0.71 0.68 0.67 8 300 350
ASTM A193 GRADE B8 (d <= 1 1/2") 1.00 1.00 0.89 0.84 0.82 0.81 0.80 0.76 0.74 0.73 0.72 0.69 0.68 9 300 350
ASTM A193 GRADE B8M (d <= 3/4") 1.00 1.00 0.82 0.75 0.69 0.65 0.62 0.60 0.57 0.56 0.55 10 300 350
ASTM A193 GRADE B8M (d <= 1") 1.00 1.00 0.86 0.82 0.75 0.70 0.66 0.61 0.60 0.59 0.59 11 300 350
ASTM A193 GRADE B8M (d <= 1 1/4") 1.00 1.00 0.93 0.88 0.84 0.82 0.81 0.79 0.77 0.76 0.75 12 300 350
ASTM A193 GRADE B8M (d <= 1 1/2") 1.00 1.00 0.93 0.89 0.85 0.83 0.81 0.79 0.77 0.77 0.76 13 300 350
Bolt Yield Strength at Maximum Operating Temperature
Class 150 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ASTM A193-B7 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590
ASTM A193-B16 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 421 421 421 421 421 421 421 421 421 421 421 421 358 358 358 358
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 412 412 412 412 412 412 412 412 412 412 412 412 341 341 341 341
ASTM A193-B7 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4
Class 300 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ASTM A193-B7 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590
ASTM A193-B16 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 421 421 421 421 421 421 421 421 421 421 421 358 358 360 360 360
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 412 412 412 412 412 412 412 412 412 412 412 363 363 365 365 365
ASTM A193-B7 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4
Class 600 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 3/8 1 1/2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ASTM A193-B7 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590
ASTM A193-B16 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 421 421 421 421 421 421 421 421 358 358 358 360 360 360 276 276
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 412 412 412 412 412 412 412 412 363 363 363 297 297 297 279 279
ASTM A193-B7 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4
TEMPERATURE (OC)
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Class 900 7/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/8 1 3/8 1 3/8 1 3/8 1 1/2 1 5/8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ASTM A193-B7 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590
ASTM A193-B16 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 358 360 360 360 276 276 276 276
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 363 365 365 365 279 279 279 279
ASTM A193-B7 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4
Class 1500 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/8 1 5/8 1 7/8 2 2 1/4 2 1/2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ASTM A193-B7 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590
ASTM A193-B16 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 421 421 358 358 358 358 358 360 360 276 276
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 412 412 363 363 363 363 363 365 365 279 279
ASTM A193-B7 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4
Class 2500 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/2 1 3/4 2 2 2 1/2 2 3/4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
ASTM A193-B7 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 590 537
ASTM A193-B16 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 626 570
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 421 421 358 358 360 358 360 360 276
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 412 412 363 363 365 363 365 365 279
ASTM A193-B7 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 590.4 537.1
Bolt / Nut Combinations
1 2
ASTM A193-B7 ASTM A194-2H
ASTM A193-B16 ASTM A194-4
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 ASTM A194-8 (STRAIN HARDENED)
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 ASTM A194-8M (STRAIN HARDENED)
ASTM A193-B7 ASTM A194-2H
1 2
Bolt Material Max Temp
ASTM A193-B7 300
ASTM A193-B16 425
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 525
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 450
ASTM A193-B7 300
Temperature Limits ( 0C)
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Gasket Data
Minimum Recommended Gasket Pressure = 0 MPa
Maximum Recommended Gasket Pressure = 200 MPa
1 2
Gasket Material Min 150
PTFE 250
FLEXIBLE GRAPHITE 450
FLEXIBLE GRAPHITE 450
Input Data
Minimum Bolt Utilisation (% of Yield Strength)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
150 0 20 25 30 35 40
300 0 20 25 30 35 40
600 0 20 25 30 35 40
900 0 10 15 20 25 30
1500 0 10 15 20 25 27.5
2500 0 5 10 15 20 25
150 0 20 25 30 35 40
Flange Material
Flange Material
ASTM A105
ASTM A182-F304
ASTM A182-F304L
ASTM A182-F316
ASTM A182-F316L
Flange Yield Strengths
Strength Temp Strength
Operating Temp. 375 177 350 181
400 173
375 177
Material 20 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
ASTM A105 400 248 248 226 220 214 204 188 181 173 0 0 0 0ASTM A182-F304 550 206 206 170 155 144 135 128 124 119 115 111 107 0
Temperature Limits ( 0C)
oC
Max. Temp. Limit
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ASTM A182-F304L 550 172 172 145 132 122 114 108 104 101 98 95 92 0ASTM A182-F316 550 206 206 176 161 149 139 132 127 123 121 119 117 0ASTM A182-F316L 550 172 172 144 131 120 112 105 101 96 93 89 85 0
ASTM A105 Ref. Reduct. Reduct.
Strength Factor 1 Factor 2
248 1.00 0.71
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Bolt Torque Coefficients
ASTM A193-B7 & B16 STUD BOLTS ASTM A193-B8 & B8M CLASS 2 STUD BOLT ASTM A193-B7 & B16 STUD BOLTS
Nom. Pipe Size (inches) 1 2
18 20 24 BOLT CONDITION K BOLT CONDITION K BOLT CONDITION K
18.69 20.69 24.75 1px1 (MOLY)V 0.18 COPPER BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.19 1px1 (MOLY)V 0.18
20.75 22.75 27 AS RECEIVED 0.20 NO LUBRICANT - CLEAN STAINLESS STEEL 0.30 AS RECEIVED 0.20
16 20 20 AS RECEIVED OR LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 771 0.13 GENERAL MACHINE OIL 0.24 AS RECEIVED OR LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 771 0.13
1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 BOWMAN ANTI-SEIZE 0.12 LIGHTLY OILED 0.24 BOWMAN ANTI-SEIZE 0.12
8 8 8 CADMIUM PLATED 0.17 LOW FRICTION OIL 0.18 CADMIUM PLATED 0.17
561 487 479 CADMIUM PLATED (DEGREASED) 0.20 MOLYBDENUM DISULPHIDE BASED GREASE 0.17 CADMIUM PLATED (DEGREASED) 0.20
466 405 398 CADMIUM PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.14 MOLYBOND GA50 0.17 CADMIUM PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.14
CADMIUM PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243) 0.13 NICKEL BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.18 CADMIUM PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243) 0.13
CLEAN, NONPLATED, AS RECEIVED 0.20 NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE) 0.21 CLEAN, NONPLATED, AS RECEIVED 0.20
Nom. Pipe Size (inches) COPPER BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.16 COPPER BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.16
18 20 24 DEGREASED & LOCTITE 243 0.20 DEGREASED & LOCTITE 243 0.20
18.69 20.69 24.75 EXPOSED TO ELEMENTS, BEGINNING TO OXIDISE 0.30 EXPOSED TO ELEMENTS, BEGINNING TO OXIDISE 0.30
20.75 22.75 27 GALVANISED (DEGREASED) 0.42 GALVANISED (DEGREASED) 0.42
24 24 24 GALVANISED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.22 GALVANISED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.22
1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/2 GENERAL MACHINE OIL 0.20 GENERAL MACHINE OIL 0.20
8 8 8 GREASE 0.16 GREASE 0.16
376 428 365 GREASE (HEAVY) 0.14 GREASE (HEAVY) 0.14
312 356 303 HOT DIPPED GALVANISED 0.25 HOT DIPPED GALVANISED 0.25
INORGANIC SILICATE (IOZ) 0.17 INORGANIC SILICATE (IOZ) 0.17
LIGHTLY OILED 0.20 LIGHTLY OILED 0.20
Nom. Pipe Size (inches) LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243 0.14 LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243 0.14
18 20 24 LOCTITE MOLY PASTE 0.11 LOCTITE MOLY PASTE 0.11
18.5 20.5 24.75 LOW FRICTION OIL 0.15 LOW FRICTION OIL 0.15
20.75 22.75 27 MOLYBDENUM DISULPHIDE BASED GREASE 0.14 MOLYBDENUM DISULPHIDE BASED GREASE 0.14
20 24 24 MOLYBOND GA50 0.14 MOLYBOND GA50 0.14
1 5/8 1 5/8 1 7/8 MOLYKOTE 0.18 MOLYKOTE 0.18
8 8 8 MOLYKOTE P74 0.14 MOLYKOTE P74 0.14
546 482 450 NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE) 0.17 NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE) 0.17
454 400 374 NICKEL BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.15 NICKEL BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.15
NO LUBRICANT - CLEAN STEEL 0.25 NO LUBRICANT - CLEAN STEEL 0.25
NONPLATED, BLACK FINISH 0.30 NONPLATED, BLACK FINISH 0.30
Nom. Pipe Size (inches) PHOSPHATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.14 PHOSPHATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.14
18 20 24 PHOSPHATED (LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243) 0.11 PHOSPHATED (LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243) 0.11
18.25 20.5 24.75 PHOSPHATED (DEGREASED) 0.24 PHOSPHATED (DEGREASED) 0.24
20.5 22.5 26.75 PHOSPHATED (DEGREASED & LOCTITE 243) 0.14 PHOSPHATED (DEGREASED & LOCTITE 243) 0.14
20 20 20 SOLID PTFE FILM 0.12 SOLID PTFE FILM 0.12
1 7/8 2 2 1/2 TEFLON 7630 0.09 TEFLON 7630 0.09
8 8 8 WAXED 0.10 WAXED 0.10
514 524 528 XYLAN 0.10 XYLAN 0.10
427 435 439 ZINC PLATED 0.22 ZINC PLATED 0.22
ZINC PLATED (DRY) 0.29 ZINC PLATED (DRY) 0.29
ZINC PLATED (DEGREASED) 0.14 ZINC PLATED (DEGREASED) 0.14
Nom. Pipe Size (inches) ZINC PLATED (DEGREASED & LOCTITE 243) 0.15 ZINC PLATED (DEGREASED & LOCTITE 243) 0.15
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18 20 24 ZINC PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.18 ZINC PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.18
18.25 20.25 24.25 ZINC PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243) 0.16 ZINC PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243) 0.16
20.5 22.5 26.75
16 16 16 NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE) 0.17
2 3/4 3 3 1/2
8 8 8
521 507 507
433 421 421
Nom. Pipe Size (inches)
18 20 24
18 19 20
450 500 600
450 500 600
450 500 600
450 500 600
450 500 600
18 19 20
450 500 600
450 500 600
450 500 600
450 500 600
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Maximum Bolt Operating Temperature = 300
300 0.82 0.82300 0.82 0.82300 0.87 0.85 0.87300 0.87 0.85 0.87300 0.61 0.58 0.61300 0.65 0.59 0.65300 0.80 0.76 0.80300 0.80 0.76 0.80300 0.62 0.60 0.62300 0.66 0.61 0.66300 0.81 0.79 0.81300 0.81 0.79 0.81
1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 <--- BOLT SIZES (in)
18 19 20
590 590 590 ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720
626 626 626 ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720
360 360 360 ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 690
279 279 279 ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 665
590.4 590.4 590.4
1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/2 <--- BOLT SIZES (in)
18 19 20
590 590 590 ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720
626 626 626 ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720
360 360 276 ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 690
365 365 279 ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 665
590.4 590.4 590.4
1 5/8 1 5/8 1 7/8 <--- BOLT SIZES (in)
18 19 20
590 590 590 ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720
626 626 626 ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 690
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 665
590.4 590.4 590.4
OC
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1 7/8 2 2 1/2 <--- BOLT SIZES (in)
18 19 20
590 590 590 ASTM A193-B7
626 626 626 ASTM A193-B16
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2
590.4 590.4 590.4
2 3/4 3 3 1/2 <--- BOLT SIZES (in)
18 19 20
537 537 537 ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720
570 570 570 ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 550
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 550
537.1 537.1 537.1
<--- BOLT SIZES (in)
18 19 20
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 550
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 550
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720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 550 550 550 550 450 450 450
665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 550 550 550 550 450 450 450
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 550 550 450 450 450 450 450 345
665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 550 550 450 450 450 450 450 345
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
690 690 690 690 690 550 550 550 450 450 450 345 345
665 665 665 665 665 550 550 550 450 450 450 345 345
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720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
550 450 450 450 345 345 345 345
550 450 450 450 345 345 345 345
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 655 655 655
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 655 655 655
550 550 550 550 450 450 345 345
550 550 550 550 450 450 345 345
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 655
720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 655
550 450 550 450 450 345
550 450 550 450 450 345
