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Bony or Boneless?
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HOW LONG?!
We can tell from fossils that living things
have been on Earth for over three billion(3,000,000,000) years. Those living thingswere not like you and me. They were verysmall and made of only one cell. A cell is thesmallest part of any living thing, and a human
being has trillions of cells, so you can see howsmall those living things were. Even thoughthey were tiny, they were alive.
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Our Ancestors
Those tiny things were the ancestors of allliving things today. We say that all life hasevolved from them. Evolution is a word
meaning change in living things overlong periods of time, producing newkinds of living things.
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A Sponge? Are youserious?
700 million (700,000,000) years ago, the
first animal did not look like a dog or acat. It was a sponge, a thing withouta brain or nerves or a backbone.
It sat on the bottom of the ocean and atebits of food in the water, but it was ananimal. Maybe that does not sound likean animal to you, but it does to azoologist.
Q u i c k T im e a n d ad e c o m p r e s so r
a re n e e d e d to s e e t h is p i c t .
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To a scientist, an animal is a living thing,made of many cells, that can move (atleast part of its life) and must eat otherliving things.
Animals are one of the five kingdoms
of living things.
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Animals are classifiedinto TWO large main
groups. 98 out of 100 types of
animals in the world todayare INVERTEBRATES, like asponge, because they do not
have backbones.
Animals with backbones arecalled VERTEBRATES, andthey have only been around
for about 500 million years.
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Invertebrates like insectsare the mostcommon typeof animal onEarth
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Why are people sointerested invertebrates, when thereare so few of them?
Vertebrate animals are abig part of human life.Humans have dogs and cats
as pets, they ride horses,they feed squirrels, andthey raise cows for meat.And, vertebrates can bemuch bigger than
invertebrates, so they areeasier to see.
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Any other reasons?
Oh yeah, human beings
are vertebrates, relatedto all the othervertebrates. If you feelyour back, you can feelthe bones running downthe center. That is yourbackbone.
The history ofvertebrate animals isthe history of you andme.
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Vertebrates are divided into five mainclasses: fish, amphibians, reptiles,birds, and mammals. All of these are
animals because they move around, aremade of many cells, and eat other living oronce-living things. They ALL havebackbones.
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Teacher Websites:
http://www.dmturner.org/Teacher/Libra
http://std2groupinganimals.blogspot.co
http://www.dmturner.org/Teacher/Library/4thText/VerPart1.htmlhttp://std2groupinganimals.blogspot.com/http://std2groupinganimals.blogspot.com/http://www.dmturner.org/Teacher/Library/4thText/VerPart1.htmlhttp://std2groupinganimals.blogspot.com/http://www.dmturner.org/Teacher/Library/4thText/VerPart1.html8/14/2019 Bony or Boneless
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Task
Your teacher will now pass out a sheetwith pictures of animals, all jumbled
up. Your task is to separate out thevertebrates from the invertebrates andpresent your findings on a poster.
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