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Towards Born-Global Innovation: the Role of Knowledge Management and Social
Software
Jan M. Pawlowski
ECKM, Kaunas, 05.09.2013
…Jyväskylä, Finland…
Source: [http://www.jyu.fi/, http://www.jyvaskyla.fi/]
Global Information Systems, University of Jyväskylä
Kati Clements
Jan M. Pawlowski
Philipp Holtkamp
Henri Pirkkalainen
Tiia Sten
Global Information Systemsat the University of Jyväskylä
Focus areasGlobal Information SystemsSupporting globally distributed workgroupsGlobal KMInternationalization Competences / Competence DevelopmentE-Learning / Open Educational ResourcesSupporting international knowledge-intensive settingsCultural adaptationStandardization & Quality Management Innovative tools and solutions
ProjectsOpenDiscoverySpace: Open Content and Scenarios for SchoolsOpenScout: OER for ManagementTELMAP: Technology ForecastingNORDLET: Nordic Open Education AllianceCOSMOS: Open Science Resources: Exchange of Scientific ContentASPECT: Open Content and standards for schoolsiCOPER: New standards for educational technologies
Open Innovation…?!
Google Lunar X Prizehttp://www.googlelunarxprize.org/
http://mashable.com/2012/11/28/gadget-innovations-2012/
InnovationOpen Innovation:– “the use of purposive inflows and
outflows of knowledge to accelerate internal innovation, and expand the markets for external use of innovation” (Chesbrough, 2006)
Open innovation model
(Herzog, 2011)
Innovation & KM Processes
InitiateInnovation ModelPartnerships Planning the process
InnovateCreate candidatesDiscussDevelopImprove
EvaluatePrototypeTrialImprovements
Produce and MarketProductionMarketingValidation
Knowledge Acquisition
Knowledge Creation, Development and Sharing
Knowledge Use, Measurement
Knowledge Use, Knowledge sharing, …
Risks and Partners (Enkel et al, 2009)
External barriers– loss of knowledge (48%), – higher coordination costs (48%), as – loss of control (41%)– higher complexity (41%)
Internal barriers– Difficulty in finding the right partner (43%)– Imbalance between open innovation activities and daily business
(36%)– insufficient time and financial resources for open innovation
activitiesPartnerships– clients (78%)– Suppliers (61%)– competitors (49%)– Public and commercial research institutions (21%)
OI and KM: Common barriers (Liu, 2012)
Barriers Score/ 3 Rank
Do not know which kind of knowledge can be shared 1.3999 1
Licensing details of the resources 2.0768 2
Lack of citations for the original online resources 2.2309 3
The privacy of personal profile and contributions 2.3844 4
Lack of motivation to share 2.6920 5
Lack of training 2.6921 6
Lack of time 2.9230 7
Do not want to share ideas (keep advantages) 3.0770 8
The problem with the layout of the network 3.1536 9
The problematic to be dependent on the others’ resources
3.1538 10
Language misunderstanding 3.2305 11
Matching Process
Collaborative Innovation
Product Launch
Market A
Market B
Organization A
Organization n
Product Design & Development
Born Global Innovation (BGI)Mixing open, invitational & frugal innovation
Starting innovation from the first idea
Creating global partnerships
Non-competing markets
Enabling SMEs to create high impact
ChallengesSupport regarding knowledge activities– Partnership creation– Trust building– Knowledge acquisition– Knowledge creation– Knowledge sharing– Knowledge development– Knowledge use– …
Parallel innovation
How to integrate KM and OI processes (aligned with business processes)
Which instruments / tools can support which activity?
Combined BGI & KM Process
InitiateInnovation ModelPartnerships Planning the process
InnovateCreate candidatesDiscussDevelopImprove
EvaluatePrototypeTrialImprovements
Produce and MarketProductionMarketingValidation
Knowledge Acquisition
Knowledge Creation, Development and Sharing
Knowledge Use, Measurement
Knowledge Use, Knowledge sharing, …
Social network
Concept Mapping
Modeling & Simulation
Coll. Planning
Creativity techniques
Annotation
Expert database
Experience Sharing
Coll. Development
Feedback
BGI PhasesInitiation and Idea Sharing– Idea sharing– Partnership creation – Targeting different, non-competing markets
Collaboration agreement and trust building– formal agreement – trust building to overcome the fear of imitation
Innovation design and development– Idea development, product design– Business model agreement– Sharing procedures
Product launch and marketing– Parallel launch in target markets.
Product improvement and further collaboration– Continuous improvement– Extension of partnerships towards other markets
Social Software for BGIBlogging tools Communication -Active & passive exchange of professional information
-Acquire / capture / create, Apply/share/transfer. Incentive for (Reuse/innovate/evolve/transform), alerting
-Knowledge Evolution
-Idea-generation and problem- solving
-Externalization, combination
-Creation, codification, sharing, collaboration, organization
Idea Generation
Idea Sharing
Product development
Product marketing
Micro-blogging tools
Connection / awareness
-Retrieve knowledge for use
-Enhancing information sharing (easy to identify information updates), building common ground, sustaining connectedness among colleagues, supporting informal communication
-Alerting, informing users of changes
-Socialization, combination
Trust building (through activity reporting)
Product development (status messages)
Social networking tools
Awareness, communication, sharing, (collaboration), (identification)
-Building personal networks leading to creation of organizational memory
-Scan/Map, Acquire/capture/create, store, Apply/share/transfer, alert
-Social presence in Knowledge sharing, expert finding
-Socialization, combination
Community building
Partner identification
Trust building
Social Software for BGIWiki Collaboration,
sharing, identification, communication.
-Active & passive exchange of professional information
-Scan/Map, Package / codification / representation, Apply / share / transfer, Reuse / innovate / evolve / transform, alert
-Idea-generation and problem- solving
-Externalization, combination
-Creation, codification, sharing, collaboration, organization
Idea development
Product development
Synchronous / Collaborative writing
Collaboration -Acquire / capture / create, store Idea development
Product development
Instant messaging and chat tools
Communication -Building personal networks leading to creation of organizational memory
-Knowledge sharing for quick questions and clarifications
-Externalization
-Creation, sharing
Trust / partnership building
Product development
Social Software for BGI
Shared information spaces /media sharing (video, audio, images, presentations)
Identification, collaboration, communication sharing
-Scan/Map, Acquire/capture/create
-Knowledge sharing
-Strorage/retrieval
-Combination
-Codification, sharing, organization
Idea Sharing
Product development
Conferencing Communication -Human presence- and overview of activities in distributed tasks
-Early stages of teambuilding
-Externalization
Idea Sharing
Product development
Brainstorming tools
Collaboration -Activities that are similar to take normally place in business meetings, decision support
-Combination
Idea creation
Product development
Summary
Born Global Innovation allows early stage idea sharing and creation!
Born Global Innovation combines the benefits of closed, open and frugal innovation
KM plays a key role to establish and realize BGI partnerships
Social Software can play a key role– Matching OI and KM processes– Matching OI and KM activities and interventions
New ways of innovation collaborations
Validation of KM tools strongly necessary!
Complex, not fully explored area, in particular for social software tools
Contact Information
Prof. Dr. Jan M. [email protected]: jan_m_pawlowski
http://users.jyu.fi/~japawlow