Boswellia Serrata AKBA-May09

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Boswellia Serrata AKBA

Nutra Specialities India

March 2009

Rejuvenates Joint Cartilage

by inhibiting the

5-lipoxygenase activity



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What is Boswellia Serrata

Boswellia has long been an Ayurvedic medicine.

Boswellia Serrata contains boswellic acids

which plays as a vital role for treatment of

various anti-inflammatory conditions.

Boswellia shows good improvements in

curing Inflammation, Colitis, Cancer,

Osteoarthritis, Bronchial Asthma, etc.

Boswellia extract is considered as analternative to NSAID due to less side

effects.

Historical Boswellia

Boswellic acids are natural extracts of the plant Boswellia

serrata which are biologically active pentacyclic triterpenes of

Frankincense derived from the gum resin of the tree of the

family Burseraceae.

Frankincense is being used extensively all over the world in

various clinical conditions, specifically employed to alleviate

the signs and symptoms in chronic arthritis conditions.

Frankincense that had been a compound in the European

pharmacopeia till 1900, went into oblivion since then.


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Boswellia Composition

Boswellia consists of 6 Major acids

1. - Boswellic Acid

2. - Boswellic Acid

3. 3 Acetyl - - Boswellic Acid

4. 3 Acetyl - - Boswellic Acid

5. 11-keto - - Boswellic Acid

6. 3 Acetyl -11- keto Boswellic Acid - AKBA

Research data suggests that of the various boswellic acids, 3 Acetyl -

11 keto Boswellic Acid or AKBA, is considered the most active and

powerful acid. AKBA helps preserve the structural integrity of joint

cartilage, promotes gastrointestinal health and maintains a healthy

immune mediator cascade at the cellular level.

The Frankincense extract contains beta-boswellic acids

(BA) 10 to 21%, 3-O-acetyle--boswellic acids (ABA) 0.05

to 6%, 11-oxo-b-boswellic acids (KBA) 2.5 to 7.5% and 3-O-

acetyle-11-oxo-b-boswellic acids (AKBA) 0.1 to 3%.

In conventional Boswellia of these major 6 Boswellic acids

AKBA is present in the range of 0.1 to 3% only.

Nutra Specialities India introduces AKMAX standardized

to contain minimum 35% of AKBA.


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Highest Quality Standards

Specifications

AKMAX Nutra

Specialities India

Conventional Boswellia

Serrata Extract

Color and Appearance

Off White to pale Yellow

free flowing powder with a

characteristic resinous

taste.

Off White to pale Yellow

free flowing powder with a

characteristic resinous

taste.

Organic Acid

(Titration Method) >90% >70%

AKBA

(HPLC Method) >30% 2-3%

Recommended Dosage 50-150 mg/day 500-1500 mg/day

We also follow Pharmaceutical Standards in Consistent Quality Management.

o Water by KF

o Loss on Drying

o Heavy Metal

o Microbial Analysis

Biological Actions Joint Support: Boswellia AKBA helps preserve the structural integrity of joint cartilage,

promotes gastrointestinal health and maintains a healthy immune mediator cascade at the

cellular level. Boswellia maintain healthy 5lipoxygenase (5LO) activity, moderating

leukotriene biosynthesis and AKBA inhibit the leukotriene biosynthesis by a non-redox,

noncompetitive inhibition of 5-LO.

Immune Support: In addition to maintaining healthy 5LO activity, exciting new research has

revealed that 5LO may influence healthy gene expression of immune compounds. In studies,

5LO has demonstrated the potential to support joint motility and comfort, in part by

promoting a healthy immune response. It may also play a role in maintaining healthy matrix

metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, supporting connective tissue structural composition.

Gastrointestinal Support: A randomized double blind study revealed that AKBA supports

gastrointestinal health. AKBA has also maintained healthy immune activity in the endothelial

lining of the digestive tract. AKBA supports healthy cell signaling and cell cycle function for

high capacity cellular support.

A series of chronic inflammatory diseases are thought to be perpetuated by leukotrienes.


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AKBA Inhibits 5-Lipoxygenase and stops biosynthesis of Leukotrienes.

Name : 3 Acetyl -11- keto Boswellic Acid Chemical Formula : C32H48O5 Molecular Weight : 512.73 Melting Point : 271 C CAS Number : 67416-61-9

Pathway of Boswellia AKBA


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Properties

The new improved AKMAX from Nutra extracts is potent in anti-inflammatory action for enhanced results.

This unique extract shall be employed in; the treatment of chronicinflammatory conditions such as Rheumatoid Arthritis, Chronic Bronchitis,Asthma, Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (Ulcerative Colitis, CrohnsDisease) as well as Chronic inflammatory skin diseases (Atopic Dermatitisand Psoriasis).

In addition to maintaining healthy 5-LO activity, exciting new research hasrevealed that AKBA may influence healthy gene expression of immunecompounds.

In OA patients, AKBA controls and inhibits degeneration of cartilage tissuecaused by the MMPs such as MMP-3 which are over-expressed andabundant in fluids of the synovial cavity.

The 5-LOX Paradox

The key enzyme in the conversion of Arachidonic Acid into

LTB5 is 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX).

Inhibition of 5-LOX thus assumes special significance when it

comes to the management of chronic inflammatory disorders.

Boswellic acids also act as efficient inhibitors of MAP Kinases

& Topoisomerises.

New studies show conclusively that 5-LOX products directly

stimulate prostate cancer cell proliferation via several well-

defined mechanisms.


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Saturated and Omega-6 fats convert to Arachidonic acid in the body. One way that thebody rids itself of excess arachidonic acid is provoking a dangerous metabolizing pathway

through 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX).

Arachidonic acid is metabolized by 5-LOX to 5-hydroxyeicosatetraeonic acid (5-HETE), a

potent survival factor that prostate cancer cells use to escape destruction.

In addition to 5-HETE, 5-LOX also metabolizes arachidonic acid to leukotriene B4, a potent

proinflammatory agent that causes destructive reactions throughout the body and inflicts

severe damage to the arterial wall.

In response to arachidonic acid overload, the body increases its production of enzymes

like 5-LOX to degrade arachidonic acid. Not only do 5-LOX products directly stimulate

cancer cell propagation, but the breakdown products that 5-LOX produces from

arachidonic acid (such as leukotriene B4, 5-HETE, and hydroxylated fatty acids) causetissue destruction, chronic inflammation, and increased resistance of tumor cells to

apoptosis (programmed cell destruction).

How 5-LOX Paradox - Works


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Other Benefits

Arthritis

Respiratory System Disorders

Gastro-Intestinal Tract

Anti-Cancer

-- Its actions are very targeted-- It promotes Bone and Joint health

Arthritis In Indian Ayurvedic medicine Boswellia serrata has been used for

hundreds of years for treating Arthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) affects nearly 21 million people in the USA, accountingfor 25% of visits to primary care physicians.

Extracts ofBoswellia serrata have been clinically studied for Osteoarthritis(OA) and joint function, particularly for osteoarthritis of the knee

As an anti-arthritic, AKMAX with AKBA reduces the chipping off oflycosaminoglycans, the base substance for cartilage repair unlike the

commonly used NSAIDs and COX-2 inhibitors.

AKMAX helps to shrink inflamed tissues by improving the blood supply tothe affected area and enhances the repair of damaged blood vessels.


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Arthritis

A human study on patients with osteoarthritis of the knee showed that

boswellia decreased pain, increasing physical functioning significantly in

range of motion and endurance.

Patients receiving AKBA treatment reported

decrease in knee pain, increased knee flexion and

increased walking distance. The frequency of

swelling in the knee joint was decreased.

An inflamed knee joint that occurs in osteoarthritis.

Respiratory System Disorders

AKMAX inhibits Human Leukocyte

Elastase (HLE) that causes Emphysema

and stimulates mucus secretion leading

to Cystic Fibrosis, Chronic Bronchitis,

Bronchial Asthma etc.

Bronchial Asthma is a disease of the lungs

in which an obstructive ventilation

disturbance of the respiratory passages

evokes a feeling of shortness of breath.

Bosellia serrata extract induces the activation of calpain

in HeLa human cervical carcinoma cells.


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Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Group of conditions which are inflammatory, affectingthe tissue that lines the gastrointestinal system (the largeand small intestine) is classed as an inflammatory boweldisease (IBD).

Animal studies shows significantly reduced macroscopicand microscopic inflammation.

Gastro-Intestinal Tract AKMAX due to their inhibitory effects on 5-LOX exerts an anti-

inflammatory activity and is found to be useful in the treatment of

Ulcerative Colitis and Crohns disease.

Boswellia extracts cause immuno modulation by simultaneously inhibiting

TH1 and promoting TH2 cytokine production. They regulate vascular

responses to inflammation and stabilize mast cells.

In cases of intestinal inflammation, boswellic acids may modulate the

adhesive interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells, bycountering the activation of leukocytes and/or down-regulating the

expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules.


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Chronic Colitis

Colitis is a chronic digestive disease characterized by inflammation of thecolon.

The inflammatory process in colitis is associated with increased formationof leukotrienes.

General signs and symptoms of colitis

- Pain, depression,

- Aches and pains within the joints, changes in bowel habits

- Fever; swelling of the colon tissue, ulcers on the colon,

- Diarrhea.

Anti-Cancer All Boswellic acids have been shown to inhibit the growth of leukaemia

cells in human leukaemia HL-60 in culture, in a dose dependent manner.

Boswellic acids induce antiproliferation, differentiation and apoptosis inleukemia cell lines. They exert cytotoxic effects on established humanglioblastoma and leukemia cell lines, as well as on primary humanmeningioma cells.

Boswellic acids may help reduce cerebral edema in patients with braintumors, helping reduce the need for steroids and their significant adverseside effects.

Research show AKBA inhibited cellular growth in colon cancer cells.

AKBA has also been found to inhibit tumor cell growth and induceApoptosis.


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Human Studies - Arthritis

Kimmatkar N, Thawani V, Hingorani L, Khiyani R.MS Orthopedics, IndiraGandhi Medical College, Nagpur, India. Efficacy and tolerability of Boswelliaserrata extract in treatment of osteoarthritis of knee--a randomized doubleblind placebo controlled trial. Phytomedicine. 2003 Jan;10(1):3-7

Trial: To assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of BoswelliaSerrattaExtract

Subject: 30 Patients

Treatments: 250mg of Boswellia

Outcome: - decrease in knee pain,

- increased knee flexion and

- increased walking distance.

- the frequency of swelling in the knee joint was decreased

Human Studies - ArthritisSengupta K, Alluri KV, Satish AR, Mishra S, Golakoti T, Sarma KV, Dey D,Raychaudhuri SP., India., A double blind, randomized, placebo controlledstudy of the efficacy and safety of 30% AKBA for treatment of osteoarthritis ofthe knee. Arthritis Res Ther. 2008;10(4):R85. Epub 2008 Jul 30

Trial: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 30% AKBA in thetreatment of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee

Subject: 75 Patients; 90 Day double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled

Treatments: 100mg of Boswellia AKBA

Outcome: Significant improvements in pain score and functionalability in the AKBA admitted patients


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Animal Studies - Inflammatory

Krieglstein CF, Anthoni C, Rijcken EJ, Lauktter M, Spiegel HU, Boden SE,etal.Department of General Surgery, Westfalian Wilhelm's University,Waldeyerstrasse 1, 48149 Mnster, Germany. Acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid, aconstituent of a herbal medicine from Boswellia serrata resin, attenuatesexperimental ileitis. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2001 Apr;16(2):88-95

Trial: Leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in inflammatorybowel disease on rats

Subject: To determine the efficacy of Boswellia extract andAKBA

Treatments: Boswellia AKBA

Outcome: Both Boswellia extract and AKBA decreased rolling (up to90%) and adherent leukocytes (up to 98%), attenuated tissueinjury scores, and significantly reduced macroscopic andmicroscopic inflammation of the gut mucosa.

Human Studies - InflammatoryGupta I, Parihar A, Malhotra P, Gupta S, Ldtke R, Safayhi H, AmmonHP.Department of Medicine, Medical College Jammu, J&K, India.Effects of gum resin of Boswellia serrata in patients with chronic colitis.Planta Med. 2001 Jul;67(5):391-5

Trial: The gum resin of Boswellia serrata and control for

the treatment of chronic colitis disease.

Subject: 20 for BSE and 10 for Control; 3 *300mg 6 weeks

Treatments: 900mg of Boswellia/daily

Outcome: 14 of 20 from BSE and 4 of 10 from control shownimprovement in colitis


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Human Studies - Inflammatory

Gupta I, Gupta V, Parihar A, Gupta S, Ldtke R, Safayhi H, AmmonHP.Pharmakologie fr Naturwissenschaftler, Pharmazeutisches Institutder Universitt Tbingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tbingen,Germany. Effects of Boswellia serrata gum resin in patients withbronchial asthma: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 6-week clinical study. Eur J Med Res. 1998 Nov 17;3(11):511-4

Trial: To treat Bronchial Asthma disease

Subject: 40 for BSE 18-75 years; 3 *300mg 6 weeks and40 for Control 14-58 years; 3 *300mg 6 weeks

Treatments: 900mg of Boswellia/daily; Double Blinded

Outcome: In BSE group shows 70% improvement in Asthmaconditions and in control group only 27% showedimprovements

Human Studies Anti-CancerLu M, Xia L, Hua H, Jing Y. Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department ofMedicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029-6547,USA. Acetyl-keto-beta-boswellic acid induces apoptosis through a deathreceptor 5-mediated pathway in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2008 Feb15;68(4):1180-6

Trial: The apoptotic effects and the mechanisms of action ofAKBA to Induce Apoptosis in human prostate cancercells.

Subject: Human Prostate Cancer Cells

Treatments: Boswellia AKBA/twice daily

Outcome: AKBA induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cellsthrough a DR5-mediated pathway. AKBA resulted as anovel inhibitor in treatment of cancer cells.


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Corporate Office:Nutra Specialities IndiaNo: 5, Vivekananda Street, Spurtank Road,

Chetpet, Chennai 600 031,Tamil Nadu, India.

Phone: +91 44 4284 9552 / 9553Fax: +91 44 4284 9856Email: [email protected]

US Office:Nutra for Life LLC

5100 Highlands Parkway, SE

Smyrna, GA 30082

Dir: 1-770-373-5333

Phone: 1-770.916.1722 ext. 101

www.nutraforlife.com


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Boswellia Serrata AKBA-May09

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