BPix CO 2 Cooling

BPix CO2 Cooling

João Noite PH-CMX-DS

BPix Layer #4 Mockup

João Noite PH-CMX-DS Slide 2

BPix Layer #4 Mockup

Inlet CapillaryL = 1.86m ID = 0.73mm

DC-DC EvaporatorL = 2.18m ID = 1.82mm

Outlet LineL = 1.7m ID = 2.63mm

CCU2L = 0.7m ID = 1.82mm

CCU1L = 2.18m ID = 1.82mm

BPix EvaporatorL = 4.52m ID = 1.62mm

TT14

TT15

TT16

TT13

TT11

TT12

V.A- +

V.A- +

PT50

MF00PT00

TT00PT10

Inlet

Outlet


0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 20

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Mass Flow [g/s]

Pre

ssur

e D

rop

[bar

]

Single Phase Pressure Drop

DP Theory

DP Experimental

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 14000

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

2.2

2.4

2.6

Time [s]

Mas

s F

low

[g/

s]

Comparison Plot

KROHNE

Inlet DP Method

Inlet boiling

Single Phase ΔP and Mass Flow Measurements


Single phase ΔP tests for test setup validation. Very good agreement between measured and

calculated. Difference is less than 0.5bar at low flow.

Alternative mass flow measurement method shows good results!

Less than 0.1g/s difference wrt to the coriolis flow meter.

Inlet boiling below 0.7g/s due to environmental heat. Insulation needs to be improved.

Two-Phase Test Results


Presence of super heated liquid at DC-DC at high

mass flow.

Irradiated detector at high luminosity shows ΔT of 5°C

under nominal flow conditions.

Percentage deviation within the model specifications.

0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.40

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

Mass Flow [g/s]

Pre

ssur

e D

rop

[bar

]

L#4 Mockup - Inlet Capillary, 0.73mm ID & 1.860m Length

HP 329W

IHL 193WISB 160W

OFF 0W

Q [W] m [g/s]ΔP [bar] ΔT [°C]

EXP THEORY ε [%] EXP THEORY ε [%] Obs.1

160

2.94 20.41 17.77 12.92 6.55 4.20 35.85 SH2 2.49 15.24 13.73 9.93 7.89 4.03 48.94 SH3 2.01 10.67 9.96 6.69 9.83 3.87 60.62 SH4 1.78 9.25 8.37 9.51 5.40 3.79 29.79 SH5 1.50 6.76 6.62 2.10 4.50 3.73 17.196 1.03 3.77 4.20 11.35 4.76 3.56 25.217 0.67 2.32 2.26 2.43 4.01 3.45 14.00 Dryout8

193

3.00 21.67 18.77 13.37 7.81 5.04 35.45 SH9 2.51 15.92 14.34 9.95 6.56 4.88 25.63 SH

10 2.01 11.16 10.39 6.89 5.80 4.71 18.73 SH11 1.78 8.81 8.83 0.20 11.05 4.70 57.45 SH12 1.50 7.11 7.07 0.55 4.93 4.74 3.8813 1.02 3.98 4.58 15.00 5.32 4.94 7.2314 0.78 2.84 3.14 10.69 4.50 3.74 16.97 Dryout15

329

3.02 23.64 20.79 12.05 9.89 7.92 19.9216 2.50 17.21 16.03 6.88 9.00 7.91 12.1117 2.02 12.47 12.27 1.61 7.99 7.98 0.1218 1.79 10.43 10.70 2.58 7.44 8.08 8.5719 1.54 8.14 9.24 13.48 6.70 8.33 24.3520 1.30 5.57 7.72 38.57 10.97 13.49 23.02 Dryout

Test 1 | 160W | 3g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18.4

-16.8

-15.2

-13.6

-12

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]

Test 1 | m = 2.94g/s | Qtotal

= 159.30W | dP = 17.77Bar | dT = 4.20°C

dTexp

=6.55°C

dPexp

=20.41bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

23.4

27.8

32.2

36.6

41

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]

Exp. Wall Temperature

Theory Wall Temperature

Theory CO2 Temperature

Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]

m = 2.94g/s | Qtotal

= 159.3W | Pin

= 37.66Bar | Tin

= -19.69°C | dP = 17.77Bar | xout

= 0.20

Experimental:dP

cap =16.79bar

dPdet

=3.61bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =15.43bar

dPdet

=2.21bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 1129kg/m2.s | q = 2.73kW/m2 | Psat

= 22.22Bar | xout

= 0.02 | xdryout

= 0.68

QDC-DC

=34.02W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

SSW+SLG

SW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 1425kg/m2.s | q = 5.45kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.79Bar | xout

= 0.20 | xdryout

= 0.59

QDetector

=125.28W

Test 2 | 160W | 2.5g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18

-16

-14

-12

-10

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]Test 2 | m = 2.49g/s | Q

total = 159.30W | dP = 13.73Bar | dT = 4.03°C

dTexp

=7.89°C

dPexp

=15.24bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

22.6

26.2

29.8

33.4

37

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 159.3W | Pin

= 33.59Bar | Tin

= -19.73°C | dP = 13.73Bar | xout

= 0.24

Experimental:dP

cap =12.06bar

dPdet

=3.19bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =11.60bar

dPdet

=2.02bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D

M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 957kg/m2.s | q = 2.73kW/m2 | Psat

= 22.00Bar | xout

= 0.03 | xdryout

= 0.71

QDC-DC

=34.02W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 1208kg/m2.s | q = 5.45kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.67Bar | xout

= 0.23 | xdryout

= 0.62

QDetector

=125.28W

Test 3 | 160W | 2g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-17.6

-15.2

-12.8

-10.4

-8

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 159.30W | dP = 9.96Bar | dT = 3.87°C

dTexp

=9.83°C

dPexp

=10.67bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

21.4

23.8

26.2

28.6

31

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 159.3W | Pin

= 29.79Bar | Tin

= -19.78°C | dP = 9.96Bar | xout

= 0.29

Experimental:dP

cap =7.98bar

dPdet

=2.70bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =8.01bar

dPdet

=1.84bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

S

SW+SLG

SW

I

B

A

D

M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 772kg/m2.s | q = 2.73kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.79Bar | xout

= 0.05 | xdryout

= 0.74

QDC-DC

=34.02W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 975kg/m2.s | q = 5.45kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.53Bar | xout

= 0.29 | xdryout

= 0.66

QDetector

=125.28W

Test 4 | 160W | 1.78g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18.8

-17.6

-16.4

-15.2

-14

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 159.30W | dP = 8.37Bar | dT = 3.79°C

dTexp

=5.40°C

dPexp

=9.25bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

21.4

23.8

26.2

28.6

31

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 159.3W | Pin

= 28.18Bar | Tin

= -19.81°C | dP = 8.37Bar | xout

= 0.33

Experimental:dP

cap =6.36bar

dPdet

=2.89bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =6.49bar

dPdet

=1.76bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

S

SW+SLG

SW

I

B

A D

M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 683kg/m2.s | q = 2.73kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.69Bar | xout

= 0.06 | xdryout

= 0.76

QDC-DC

=34.02W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 863kg/m2.s | q = 5.45kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.46Bar | xout

= 0.33 | xdryout

= 0.68

QDetector

=125.28W

Test 5 | 160W | 1.5g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18.8

-17.6

-16.4

-15.2

-14

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 159.30W | dP = 6.62Bar | dT = 3.73°C

dTexp

=4.50°C

dPexp

=6.76bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

20.6

22.2

23.8

25.4

27

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 159.3W | Pin

= 26.42Bar | Tin

= -19.83°C | dP = 6.62Bar | xout

= 0.39

Experimental:dP

cap =4.60bar

dPdet

=2.17bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =4.83bar

dPdet

=1.68bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

S

SW+SLG

SW

I A

D

M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 575kg/m2.s | q = 2.73kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.59Bar | xout

= 0.08 | xdryout

= 0.78

QDC-DC

=34.02W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

S

SW+SLG

SW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 726kg/m2.s | q = 5.45kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.39Bar | xout

= 0.39 | xdryout

= 0.71

QDetector

=125.28W

Test 6 | 160W | 1g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18.8

-17.6

-16.4

-15.2

-14

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 159.30W | dP = 4.20Bar | dT = 3.56°C

dTexp

=4.76°C

dPexp

=3.77bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

20.2

21.4

22.6

23.8

25

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 159.3W | Pin

= 23.98Bar | Tin

= -19.87°C | dP = 4.20Bar | xout

= 0.57

Experimental:dP

cap =2.27bar

dPdet

=1.51bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =2.55bar

dPdet

=1.55bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

S

SW+SLG

SW

I A

D

M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 396kg/m2.s | q = 2.73kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.42Bar | xout

= 0.12 | xdryout

= 0.82

QDC-DC

=34.02W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

S

SW+SLG

SW

I A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 500kg/m2.s | q = 5.45kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.25Bar | xout

= 0.57 | xdryout

= 0.76

QDetector

=125.28W

Test 7 | 160W | 0.67g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18.8

-17.6

-16.4

-15.2

-14

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 159.30W | dP = 2.26Bar | dT = 3.45°C

dTexp

=4.01°C

dPexp

=2.32bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

19.8

20.6

21.4

22.2

23

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 159.3W | Pin

= 22.00Bar | Tin

= -19.93°C | dP = 2.26Bar | xout

= 0.86

Experimental:dP

cap =1.45bar

dPdet

=0.87bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =1.02bar

dPdet

=1.24bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

S

SW+SLG

SW

I A

D

M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 258kg/m2.s | q = 2.73kW/m2 | Psat

= 20.98Bar | xout

= 0.19 | xdryout

= 0.86

QDC-DC

=34.02W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

S

SW+SLG

SW

I A

D

M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 326kg/m2.s | q = 5.45kW/m2 | Psat

= 20.83Bar | xout

= 0.86 | xdryout

= 0.81

QDetector

=125.28W

Test 8 | 193W | 3g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18

-16

-14

-12

-10

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]Test 8 | m = 3.00g/s | Q

total = 193.41W | dP = 18.77Bar | dT = 5.04°C

dTexp

=7.81°C

dPexp

=21.67bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

23.8

28.6

33.4

38.2

43

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 193.4W | Pin

= 38.66Bar | Tin

= -19.69°C | dP = 18.77Bar | xout

= 0.24

Experimental:dP

cap =17.49bar

dPdet

=4.18bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =15.98bar

dPdet

=2.63bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 1151kg/m2.s | q = 3.69kW/m2 | Psat

= 22.67Bar | xout

= 0.03 | xdryout

= 0.66

QDC-DC

=45.99W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

SSW+SLG

SW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 1453kg/m2.s | q = 6.41kW/m2 | Psat

= 22.23Bar | xout

= 0.23 | xdryout

= 0.57

QDetector

=147.42W

Test 9 | 193W | 2.5g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18.4

-16.8

-15.2

-13.6

-12

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 193.41W | dP = 14.34Bar | dT = 4.88°C

dTexp

=6.56°C

dPexp

=15.92bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

22.6

26.2

29.8

33.4

37

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 193.4W | Pin

= 34.18Bar | Tin

= -19.76°C | dP = 14.34Bar | xout

= 0.28

Experimental:dP

cap =12.22bar

dPdet

=3.70bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =11.75bar

dPdet

=2.44bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 964kg/m2.s | q = 3.69kW/m2 | Psat

= 22.43Bar | xout

= 0.05 | xdryout

= 0.69

QDC-DC

=45.99W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 1217kg/m2.s | q = 6.41kW/m2 | Psat

= 22.08Bar | xout

= 0.28 | xdryout

= 0.61

QDetector

=147.42W

Test 10 | 193W | 2g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18.4

-16.8

-15.2

-13.6

-12

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 193.41W | dP = 10.39Bar | dT = 4.71°C

dTexp

=5.80°C

dPexp

=11.16bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

21.4

23.8

26.2

28.6

31

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 193.4W | Pin

= 30.22Bar | Tin

= -19.78°C | dP = 10.39Bar | xout

= 0.35

Experimental:dP

cap =7.99bar

dPdet

=3.17bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =7.99bar

dPdet

=2.26bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

S

SW+SLG

SW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 771kg/m2.s | q = 3.69kW/m2 | Psat

= 22.23Bar | xout

= 0.07 | xdryout

= 0.72

QDC-DC

=45.99W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 973kg/m2.s | q = 6.41kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.95Bar | xout

= 0.35 | xdryout

= 0.65

QDetector

=147.42W

Test 11 | 193W | 1.78g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-17.6

-15.2

-12.8

-10.4

-8

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 193.41W | dP = 8.83Bar | dT = 4.70°C

dTexp

=11.05°C

dPexp

=8.81bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

21

23

25

27

29

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 193.4W | Pin

= 28.64Bar | Tin

= -19.80°C | dP = 8.83Bar | xout

= 0.40

Experimental:dP

cap =6.37bar

dPdet

=2.44bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =6.49bar

dPdet

=2.19bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

S

SW+SLG

SW

I

B

A D

M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 684kg/m2.s | q = 3.69kW/m2 | Psat

= 22.15Bar | xout

= 0.08 | xdryout

= 0.74

QDC-DC

=45.99W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 863kg/m2.s | q = 6.41kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.89Bar | xout

= 0.39 | xdryout

= 0.67

QDetector

=147.42W

Test 12 | 193W | 1.5g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18.8

-17.6

-16.4

-15.2

-14

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 193.41W | dP = 7.07Bar | dT = 4.74°C

dTexp

=4.93°C

dPexp

=7.11bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

20.6

22.2

23.8

25.4

27

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 193.4W | Pin

= 26.87Bar | Tin

= -19.84°C | dP = 7.07Bar | xout

= 0.47

Experimental:dP

cap =4.61bar

dPdet

=2.50bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =4.83bar

dPdet

=2.11bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

S

SW+SLG

SW

I A

D

M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 575kg/m2.s | q = 3.69kW/m2 | Psat

= 22.04Bar | xout

= 0.10 | xdryout

= 0.76

QDC-DC

=45.99W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

S

SW+SLG

SW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 726kg/m2.s | q = 6.41kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.80Bar | xout

= 0.47 | xdryout

= 0.70

QDetector

=147.42W

Test 13 | 193W | 1g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18.8

-17.6

-16.4

-15.2

-14

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 193.41W | dP = 4.58Bar | dT = 4.94°C

dTexp

=5.32°C

dPexp

=3.98bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

20.2

21.4

22.6

23.8

25

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 193.4W | Pin

= 24.36Bar | Tin

= -19.86°C | dP = 4.58Bar | xout

= 0.70

Experimental:dP

cap =2.27bar

dPdet

=1.72bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =2.50bar

dPdet

=1.96bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

S

SW+SLG

SW

I A

D

M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 390kg/m2.s | q = 3.69kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.86Bar | xout

= 0.16 | xdryout

= 0.81

QDC-DC

=45.99W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

S

SW+SLG

SW

I A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 492kg/m2.s | q = 6.41kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.64Bar | xout

= 0.69 | xdryout

= 0.75

QDetector

=147.42W

Test 14 | 193W | 0.78g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18.8

-17.6

-16.4

-15.2

-14

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 193.41W | dP = 3.14Bar | dT = 3.74°C

dTexp

=4.50°C

dPexp

=2.84bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

19.8

20.6

21.4

22.2

23

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 193.4W | Pin

= 22.86Bar | Tin

= -19.96°C | dP = 3.14Bar | xout

= 0.90

Experimental:dP

cap =1.60bar

dPdet

=1.24bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =1.48bar

dPdet

=1.66bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

S

SW+SLG

SW

I A

D

M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 300kg/m2.s | q = 3.69kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.38Bar | xout

= 0.22 | xdryout

= 0.83

QDC-DC

=45.99W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

S

SW+SLG

SW

I A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 379kg/m2.s | q = 6.41kW/m2 | Psat

= 21.17Bar | xout

= 0.90 | xdryout

= 0.79

QDetector

=147.42W

Test 15 | 329W | 3g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-17.6

-15.2

-12.8

-10.4

-8

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 328.80W | dP = 20.79Bar | dT = 7.92°C

dTexp

=9.89°C

dPexp

=23.64bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

24.2

29.4

34.6

39.8

45

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 328.8W | Pin

= 40.75Bar | Tin

= -19.57°C | dP = 20.79Bar | xout

= 0.40

Experimental:dP

cap =17.63bar

dPdet

=6.01bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =16.22bar

dPdet

=4.27bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 1161kg/m2.s | q = 6.32kW/m2 | Psat

= 24.53Bar | xout

= 0.05 | xdryout

= 0.61

QDC-DC

=78.80W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

SSW+SLG

SW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 1466kg/m2.s | q = 10.87kW/m2 | Psat

= 24.03Bar | xout

= 0.39 | xdryout

= 0.52

QDetector

=250.00W

Test 16 | 329W | 2.5g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18

-16

-14

-12

-10

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]Test 16 | m = 2.50g/s | Q

total = 328.80W | dP = 16.03Bar | dT = 7.91°C

dTexp

=9.00°C

dPexp

=17.21bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

23

27

31

35

39

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 328.8W | Pin

= 35.91Bar | Tin

= -19.70°C | dP = 16.03Bar | xout

= 0.48

Experimental:dP

cap =11.92bar

dPdet

=5.29bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =11.66bar

dPdet

=4.09bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 960kg/m2.s | q = 6.32kW/m2 | Psat

= 24.25Bar | xout

= 0.08 | xdryout

= 0.65

QDC-DC

=78.80W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

SSW+SLG

SW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 1212kg/m2.s | q = 10.87kW/m2 | Psat

= 23.83Bar | xout

= 0.47 | xdryout

= 0.56

QDetector

=250.00W

Test 17 | 329W | 2g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18

-16

-14

-12

-10

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]Test 17 | m = 2.02g/s | Q

total = 328.80W | dP = 12.27Bar | dT = 7.98°C

dTexp

=7.99°C

dPexp

=12.47bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

21.8

24.6

27.4

30.2

33

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 328.8W | Pin

= 32.11Bar | Tin

= -19.76°C | dP = 12.27Bar | xout

= 0.59

Experimental:dP

cap =7.94bar

dPdet

=4.53bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =8.06bar

dPdet

=3.94bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

S

SW+SLG

SW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 776kg/m2.s | q = 6.32kW/m2 | Psat

= 24.05Bar | xout

= 0.11 | xdryout

= 0.68

QDC-DC

=78.80W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 979kg/m2.s | q = 10.87kW/m2 | Psat

= 23.66Bar | xout

= 0.58 | xdryout

= 0.60

QDetector

=250.00W

Test 18 | 329W | 1.79g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18.4

-16.8

-15.2

-13.6

-12

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 328.80W | dP = 10.70Bar | dT = 8.08°C

dTexp

=7.44°C

dPexp

=10.43bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

21.4

23.8

26.2

28.6

31

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 328.8W | Pin

= 30.54Bar | Tin

= -19.77°C | dP = 10.70Bar | xout

= 0.66

Experimental:dP

cap =6.31bar

dPdet

=4.12bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =6.55bar

dPdet

=3.88bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

S

SW+SLG

SW

I

B

A D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 687kg/m2.s | q = 6.32kW/m2 | Psat

= 23.98Bar | xout

= 0.13 | xdryout

= 0.70

QDC-DC

=78.80W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 868kg/m2.s | q = 10.87kW/m2 | Psat

= 23.60Bar | xout

= 0.66 | xdryout

= 0.63

QDetector

=250.00W

Test 19 | 329W | 1.5g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-18.4

-16.8

-15.2

-13.6

-12

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 328.80W | dP = 9.24Bar | dT = 8.33°C

dTexp

=6.70°C

dPexp

=8.14bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

21

23

25

27

29

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 328.8W | Pin

= 29.02Bar | Tin

= -19.86°C | dP = 9.24Bar | xout

= 0.77

Experimental:dP

cap =4.59bar

dPdet

=3.55bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =5.09bar

dPdet

=3.90bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

S

SW+SLG

SW

I A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 593kg/m2.s | q = 6.32kW/m2 | Psat

= 23.94Bar | xout

= 0.15 | xdryout

= 0.73

QDC-DC

=78.80W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 748kg/m2.s | q = 10.87kW/m2 | Psat

= 23.57Bar | xout

= 0.77 | xdryout

= 0.65

QDetector

=250.00W

Test 20 | 329W | 1.3g/s


0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14-20

-17.6

-15.2

-12.8

-10.4

-8

Length [m]

Tem

pera

ture

[°C

]


= 328.80W | dP = 7.72Bar | dT = 13.49°C

dTexp

=10.97°C

dPexp

=5.57bar

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 1419

20.6

22.2

23.8

25.4

27

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]




Exp. CO2 Pressure

Theory CO2 Pressure

100 150 200 250 300 350

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

-40°C -30°C -20°C -10°C 0°C 10°C 20°C 30°C

Enthalpy [kJ/kg]

Pre

ssur

e [B

ar]


= 328.8W | Pin

= 27.48Bar | Tin

= -19.91°C | dP = 7.72Bar | xout

= 0.92

Experimental:dP

cap =2.99bar

dPdet

=2.58bar

------------------------Theory:dP

cap =3.81bar

dPdet

=3.92bar

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

S

SW+SLG

SW

I A

D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 500kg/m2.s | q = 6.32kW/m2 | Psat

= 23.67Bar | xout

= 0.20 | xdryout

= 0.75

QDC-DC

=78.80W

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 10

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

S

SW+SLGSW

I

B

A D M

Vapor Quality

Mas

s V

eloc

ity [

kg/m

2 .s]

G = 631kg/m2.s | q = 10.87kW/m2 | Psat

= 23.30Bar | xout

= 0.92 | xdryout

= 0.68

QDetector

=250.00W

Date post:	06-Jan-2016
Category:	Documents
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BPix CO 2 Cooling

Documents