BRAIN MACHINE INTERFACE

by suvarcha sharma

1014331852 2EC 3rd year

CONTENT

Introduction to BMIThe human brainModel of BMIWhat is EEG ?How does BMI works????AdvantagesDisadvantagesApplicationConclusion

INTRODUCTION

1. Introduced in 1924 by HANS BERGER.

2. BRAIN MACHINE INTERFACE (BMI) is a direct communication pathway between a brain and an external device.

• BMI uses brain activity to command, control, actuate and communicate with the world directly through brain integration with peripheral devices and systems.

• Main principle behind this interface is the bioelectrical activity of nerves and muscles.

THE HUMAN BRAIN

Brain is composed of millions of neurons. When the neuron fires, or activates, there is a voltage change across the cell which generates signals on the surface of the brain. By monitoring and analyzing these signals we can understand the working of brain.

NEURONS

MODEL OF BMI

INVASIVE AND NON-INVASIVE

WHAT IS EEG

EEG IS MEASUREMENT OF ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY PRODUCED BY BRAIN AS RECORDED FROM ELECTRODES PLACED ON THE SCALP.

An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a measure of the brain's voltage fluctuations as detected from scalp electrodes

It is an approximation of the cumulative electrical activity of neurons

It is the foundation of current BMI research

PREDEFINED POINTS OF BRAIN

HOW BMI WORKS??? • It sound like science fiction but is a clever

app of science and technology. the system does not really read thoughts; rather, it measures fluctuations in electrical voltage in the brain and translates them into commands on a computer screen.

• The human brain controls memory, vision, learning, thought, consciousness and other activities. By means of electrochemical impulses the brain directly controls conscious or voluntary behavior.

•The system consists of a cap that fits over the user's head, with a few dozen holes through which electrodes are attached so they rest on the scalp.

• The electrodes are connected via thin cables to a"biosignal amplifier," which transmits the signals from the brain to a computer.

ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM(EEG)

• An electroencephalogram (EEG) measures the brain's voltage fluctuations as detected from scalp through electrodes.

Technique is very beneficial in field of severe disease, brain & neural injuries.

Provides daily life support to physically disabled and aged people, making use of bioengineering control devices & robots to grant healthy life for elderly people.

Assists scientist to understand how the brain memory, internal connection works can be understood to a great extent.

Assists devices to help disabled people.

ADVANTAGES

¤ Requires a high mental concentration

¤ Can pose a threat to mental stability of the subject

¤ May result in chronic strokes in severe cases

¤ There is a risk of severe mental infections such as meningitis

DISADVANTAGES

APPLICATIONS OF BMI

1. MEDICINE2. MILITARY3. MANUFACTURING4. GAMINGAND MANY OTHERS……

¤ A potential remedial tool.

¤ BMI is an advancing technology promising pattern shift in areas like Machine Control, Human Enhancement, Virtual reality ,etc.

¤ Several potential applications of BMI hold promise for rehabilitation and improving performance, such as treating emotional disorders (for example, depression or anxiety), easing chronic pain, and overcoming movement disabilities due to stroke.

¤ Intense R&D in future to attain intuitive efficiency.

Conclusion

THANK YOU !!!