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Brain organization & music

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Brain organization & music. Fatıma Hazer Psyc- 374. O utline. Definition of music Musical processing Through ears into brain Brain on music Hearing Imagining Playing Singing Music & Emotions. Music . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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BRAIN ORGANIZATION & MUSIC Fatıma Hazer Psyc- 374
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Page 1: Brain organization & music

BRAIN ORGANIZATION & MUSIC

Fatıma Hazer Psyc- 374

Page 2: Brain organization & music

Outline• Definition of music • Musical processing – Through ears into brain

• Brain on music– Hearing– Imagining– Playing– Singing

• Music & Emotions

Page 3: Brain organization & music

Music • A mixture of different frequencies

played together in a manner that sounds harmonious

• Composition of low and high frequencies (pitches) of sound waves

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D9EcsYTEcg8

Page 4: Brain organization & music

How we perceive these sounds as

music?

Page 5: Brain organization & music

Through Ears...(Auditory Pathway)

Page 6: Brain organization & music

into Brain(Neural Pathway)

Page 7: Brain organization & music

• Ears = receiving and transmitting sounds1

• Brain = receive inputs from the ears and involve music perception

2

Simply their tasks...

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVIiYyD2_YU

Page 8: Brain organization & music

Learning Objectives• Technology • Procedure• Policies• Benefits

SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC.

Complex soundwave froma single note

Soundwaves

Stapes CochleaTympanicmembrane

Auditorynervefi bers

200 Hz800 Hz

1,600 Hz

Slice of cochlea

Relative amplitude ofmovement in membraneBasilar

membrane

Hair cell

Auditory nerve fibers end ondifferent neurons tuned todifferent frequencies

ThalamusAuditorycortex

Cerebellum Brain stem

Vibrations in the basilar membraneof the cochlea in turn cause inner haircells, the sensory receptors, to generateelectrical signals to the auditorynerve, which transmits them to thebrain. Individual hair cells are tuned todifferent vibration frequencies.

Page 9: Brain organization & music

BRAİN ON MUSİC• Hearing or listening music • Imagining music• Playing music• Singing music

Page 10: Brain organization & music

Hearing or Listening Music• The auditory cortex (1) is

organized in terms of sound frequencies, with some cells responding to low frequencies and others to high.

• In the core region, basic musical elements (pitch and volume) are analyzed

• The surrounding regions process more complex elements, such as timbre, melody and rhythm.

Page 11: Brain organization & music

Imagining Music• The activity occurs in small,

discrete areas (1), and to a lesser magnitude

• The inferior frontal gyrus (2) associated with retrieving memories and is thus stimulated as you recall

• dorsolateral frontal cortex (3) is responsible for holding the song in working memory while it is being imagined.

Page 12: Brain organization & music

Playing Music• uses complex feedback systems that take

in information (pitch and melody) through the auditory cortex (1), and allow the performer to adjust his playing

• the visual cortex (2) is activated by reading — or even imagining — a score;

• the parietal lobe (3) is involved in a number of processes, including computation of finger position

• the motor cortex (4) helps control body movements

• the sensory cortex (5) is stimulated with each touch of the instrument;

• the premotor area (6) remains somewhat mysterious but somehow helps perform movements in the correct order and time

• the frontal lobe (7) plans and coordinates the overall activity

• the cerebellum (8) helps create smooth, integrated movements.

Page 13: Brain organization & music

Singing Music• increases in activity

during singing (versus speaking or listening) in bilateral motor structures, with predominance in the right hemisphere, particularly for premotor, insular, and auditory regions.

Page 14: Brain organization & music

Music & Emotions• The "reward" structures in

your inner brain (cross section), such as the ventral tegmental area (1), are stimulated

• If you are listening to a song you find pleasant, activity in the amygdala (2) is inhibited. This is the part of the brain that is typically associated with negative emotion, such as fear.

Page 15: Brain organization & music

Summary

• How music process from our ears into brain • Brain regions for different music processes– Listening – Imagining– Playing – Singing

• Emotional process of music

Page 16: Brain organization & music

References • Gaser, C., & Schlaug, G. (2003). Brain structures differ between

musicians. The Journal of Neuroscience, 23(27), 9240 –9245• and Non-Musicians• http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/magazine/jf06/

alacarte.asp• http://sciencenordic.com/how-music-touches-brain• http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro99/web1/

Sancar.html • Peretz, I, & Zatorre, R. J. (2005). Annual Review Psychology, 56,

89–114. • Weinberger, N. M.(2004). Music and the Brain. Scientific

American, 88-98.

Page 17: Brain organization & music

THANK YOU

Page 18: Brain organization & music

QUESTİONS?


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