EDUP 3033 LEARNING AND THE LEARNERS PISMP JUNE 2015 S2T1 TESL

EDUP 3033LEARNING AND THE LEARNERSPISMP JUNE 2015 S2T1 TESLTASK 2 (INDIVIDUAL)Teaching Method : Brainstorming

Amierah Izzati Aisyah binti Mohd Nazri2015272340081 960813-07-5682

TASK 2 : INDIVIDUAL WORKBased on your major subject (TESL);Present teaching and learning of the current teaching method which is brainstorming.Discuss the effectiveness of the applied teaching methods objectives in Malaysia.

BrainstormingThe Key to Successful Essay Writing

Adapted from http://www.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/handouts/brainstorming.htmlBRAINSTORMINGWhat is it?Why do we need it?A gathering of ideas from your brain onto paper.The variety of ideas and the use of your imagination assist you in producing a lot of material with which to work. Its the best way to collect your thoughts. Its helpful for organization. It ensures only quality ideas are used in the essay.

TYPES OF BRAINSTORMINGTraditional BrainstormingAdvanced Brainstorminga group of people sit in a room and shout out ideas as they occur to them.

Purpose : to gain as many ideas as possible for later analysis. Because of the free-thinking environment, the session will help promote radical new ideas which break free from normal ways of thinking.Advanced brainstorming uses:new processes and new training to reduce inhibitionscreative and lateral thinking techniquesWhy and when use brainstorming?We can use brainstorming to solve all kinds of problems (business, public administration, military, family, personal). It is important to have a problem that is specific and can be made into a question.

What do we need?A specific problem/challenge expressed as a question.A group of between 5 and 10 people. We want a mixed group of men and women, experts and non-experts. The group can contain the president, managers, workers, cleaners. Everyone might have ideas that can help to solve the problem.A leader who ensures that a few basic rules are followed.HOW TO BRAINSTORM?The leader or another member introduces the problem. The problem is expressed as a question (this can be done before the meeting, or as first step in the meeting)The problem is explained in a way that all group members understand the problem.Some facts / details of the problem are provided before we start brainstorming.A field trip or visit to the place where the problem occurs can help the group members to see and understand the nature of the problem.HOW TO BRAINSTORM?The group meets in a half circle and starts to storm the problem. Everyone just speaks out his/her ideas. All ideas are welcome, simple ideas, crazy ideas. We want as many ideas as possible. The more ideas, the better. No group member, including the leader is allowed to criticize any idea. Everyone is encouraged, to use other group members ideas to come up with yet another idea.All ideas are recorded by a note taker (can be the leader or another person) at a place where all group members can see the ideas. The easiest way is to record the ideas in form of a list on a flip chart or white board. We dont note ideas word for word but try to use keywords or short phrases.

FOUR BASIC RULESNo criticism is allowed during brainstorming. (Evaluation of ideas after the brainstorming)Quantity is important. The more ideas the better. (Dont worry about speaking out only good ideas.)Wildness is good. Crazy ideas are welcome. (Many times the craziest ideas turn out to be the best ones)Combining other ideas and taking another persons ideas a step further or using them for yet another idea is good.A brainstorming session lasts between 30 minutes and 1 hour. After the meeting, the list of ideas is copied and distribute to all group members. A good way to copy a whiteboard or flip chart is to take a picture with a digital camera.

MIND MAPMind maps arrange the ideas in form of a circle. The ideas are branches that radiate from a centre that contains the problem or challenge. Ideas that are associations of other ideas can be sub branches that originate from the main branches.Mind mapping takes a bit of experience, but is good fun and makes it easier for people to associate (find ideas based on other members ideas)The disadvantage of mind mapping is that we might run out of space on our whiteboard. Mind Mapping on a computer can solve this problem and make it easier to later rearrange ideas.

MIND MAPAnother way to record ideas during the meeting could be in form of a mind map:On a whiteboardOn a computer where the mind map is projected to a screen where all group members can see the mind map:Different colors can be used.We dont note ideas word for word but try to use keywords or short phrases.

BRAINSTORMING ACTIVITYProblem Description:When I was a child, our home phone used to be in the hallway. The phone was connected via a 30 cm fixed line. Every time the phone rang, or you wanted to make a phone call, you had to go to the hallway and pick up the phone. In the winter, the hallway was cold and there was only a hard wooden bench to sit. It was very difficult for more than one person to sit there, and uncomfortable for elderly people to always walk to the phone.We wanted the phone to come to the people.Problem as a question:How can we make the phone movable?

BRAINSTORMING ACTIVITYWhy is Brainstorming effective?It is funIt encourages creativity and discourages criticism during the idea finding phase. The evaluation of ideas is separated from the creation.Ideas by one group member are used by other group members to come up with more ideas (associations). Osborn calls this contagion and chain reaction. Osborn claims that more associations are produced than if only one person brainstorms.

The Effectiveness of BrainstormingStudents can learn to create more interesting and HOTS ideas.They learn to self-explore and interact to gain more knowledge and experience.They tend to be more active in classroom