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Alan Brinkley, Alan Brinkley, AMERICAN HISTORY AMERICAN HISTORY 13/e 13/e Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three: The Great Depression The Great Depression
Alan Brinkley,Alan Brinkley,AMERICAN AMERICAN HISTORY 13/eHISTORY 13/eChapter Twenty-three:Chapter Twenty-three:The Great DepressionThe Great Depression
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression The Coming of the Great DepressionThe Coming of the Great Depression
– The Great CrashThe Great Crash Stock Market Boom-1928Stock Market Boom-1928 Shares Traded SoaredShares Traded Soared ““Black Tuesday”Black Tuesday”
Wall Street (Licensed for Use)2
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression The Coming of the Great DepressionThe Coming of the Great Depression
– Causes of the DepressionCauses of the Depression Lack of DiversificationLack of Diversification Maldistribution of WealthMaldistribution of Wealth Weak Consumer DemandWeak Consumer Demand Declining ExportsDeclining Exports Unstable International Debt StructureUnstable International Debt Structure U.S. Refused To Alter Payment Schedule for EuropeU.S. Refused To Alter Payment Schedule for Europe
3
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression The Coming of the Great DepressionThe Coming of the Great Depression
– Progress of the DepressionProgress of the Depression Banking CollapseBanking Collapse Federal Reserve Raised Interest Rates-1931Federal Reserve Raised Interest Rates-1931 Severe ContractionSevere Contraction
The Unemployed, 1930 (Library of Congress)
4
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression The American People in Hard TimesThe American People in Hard Times
– Unemployment and ReliefUnemployment and Relief Belief in Personal ResponsibilityBelief in Personal Responsibility 80% Unemployment in Toledo, Ohio 80% Unemployment in Toledo, Ohio ““Dust Bowl”-Caused by Environmental DamageDust Bowl”-Caused by Environmental Damage 1/3 of Farmer’s Land Lost1/3 of Farmer’s Land Lost ““Okies”Okies” The Grapes of WrathThe Grapes of Wrath John SteinbeckJohn Steinbeck
5
A Dust Storm (CORBIS / Royalty Free)
Dust BowlDust Bowl
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression The American People in Hard TimesThe American People in Hard Times
– African Americans and the DepressionAfrican Americans and the Depression African American SufferingAfrican American Suffering Scottsboro Case-1931Scottsboro Case-1931 NAACP’s Changing RoleNAACP’s Changing Role
– Mexican Americans in Depression AmericaMexican Americans in Depression America Discrimination Against HispanicsDiscrimination Against Hispanics Many Latinos Left the U.S.Many Latinos Left the U.S.
– Asian Americans in Hard TimesAsian Americans in Hard Times Japanese Americans Citizens LeagueJapanese Americans Citizens League
7
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression The American People in Hard TimesThe American People in Hard Times
– Women and the Workplace Women and the Workplace in the Great Depressionin the Great Depression Popular Disapproval of Popular Disapproval of
Women’s EmploymentWomen’s Employment Increased Female Increased Female
EmploymentEmployment Men Moved into Female-held JobsMen Moved into Female-held Jobs
– Depression FamiliesDepression Families Retreat from Retreat from
ConsumerismConsumerism Divorce Rate DeclinedDivorce Rate Declined
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Women in the Paid Workforce, 1900-1940
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression The Depression and American CultureThe Depression and American Culture
– Depression ValuesDepression Values Persistence of the “Success Persistence of the “Success
Ethic”Ethic” Self-BlameSelf-Blame How To Win Friends and Influence PeopleHow To Win Friends and Influence People Dale CarnegieDale Carnegie
– Artists and Intellectuals in Artists and Intellectuals in the Great Depressionthe Great Depression ““Discovery” of Rural PovertyDiscovery” of Rural Poverty Depression LiteratureDepression Literature
9
Farm Family in Indiana (Microsoft Encarta)
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression
The Depression and American CultureThe Depression and American Culture– RadioRadio
Escapist ProgrammingEscapist Programming Radio’s ImpactRadio’s Impact
Depression Era Radio (Library of Congress)
10
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression The Depression and American CultureThe Depression and American Culture
– Movies in the New EraMovies in the New Era Continuing Popularity of MoviesContinuing Popularity of Movies Walt DisneyWalt Disney
– Popular Literature and JournalismPopular Literature and Journalism LifeLife Magazine Magazine
11
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression The Depression and American CultureThe Depression and American Culture
– The Popular Front and the LeftThe Popular Front and the Left Spanish Civil WarSpanish Civil War ““Abraham Lincoln Brigade”Abraham Lincoln Brigade” Ernest HemingwayErnest Hemingway George OrwellGeorge Orwell American Communist PartyAmerican Communist Party Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact-1939Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact-1939 Southern Tenant Farmers UnionSouthern Tenant Farmers Union The Left’s Newfound RespectabilityThe Left’s Newfound Respectability The Grapes of WrathThe Grapes of Wrath
“Communism is twentieth century Americanism” —Earl Browder
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Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression The Unhappy Presidency of Herbert HooverThe Unhappy Presidency of Herbert Hoover
– The Hoover ProgramThe Hoover Program Failure of VoluntarismFailure of Voluntarism Hoover Unwilling to Increase Federal Hoover Unwilling to Increase Federal
SpendingSpending Agricultural Marketing ActAgricultural Marketing Act Hoover’s Declining Hoover’s Declining
PopularityPopularity Reconstruction Finance Reconstruction Finance
CorporationCorporation Provided Funds to Banks & Railroads Provided Funds to Banks & Railroads
Herbert Hoover (Library of Congress)
13
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression The Unhappy Presidency of Herbert HooverThe Unhappy Presidency of Herbert Hoover– Popular ProtestPopular Protest
Farmers’ Holiday AssociationFarmers’ Holiday Association Demise of the Demise of the
Bonus ArmyBonus Army Gen. MacArthur Used Excessive ForceGen. MacArthur Used Excessive Force Marchers Routed by TanksMarchers Routed by Tanks Over 100 InjuredOver 100 Injured
14Hooverville. Portland, Oregon
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression The Unhappy Presidency of Herbert HooverThe Unhappy Presidency of Herbert Hoover
– The Election of 1932The Election of 1932 FDR NominatedFDR Nominated Former Asst. Secretary of the NavyFormer Asst. Secretary of the Navy Former Governor of New YorkFormer Governor of New York Former State LegislatorFormer State Legislator Aristocratic FamilyAristocratic Family 1932 Election1932 Election Overwhelming Mandate for RooseveltOverwhelming Mandate for Roosevelt
The Election of 1932
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Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression
The Changing of the Guard, New Yorker (FDR Library)
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Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression
The Unhappy Presidency of Herbert HooverThe Unhappy Presidency of Herbert Hoover– The “Interregnum”The “Interregnum”
Banking CrisisBanking Crisis ““Bank Holiday”Bank Holiday”
Franklin Delano Roosevelt (Library of Congress)
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America in the World:America in the World:
The Global DepressionThe Global Depression
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression
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Where Historians Disagree:Where Historians Disagree:
Causes of the Great DepressionCauses of the Great Depression
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression
The Unemployed, 1930 (Library of Congress)
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Patterns of Popular Culture:Patterns of Popular Culture:
The Films of Frank CapraThe Films of Frank Capra
Chapter Twenty-three: Chapter Twenty-three:
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression
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