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Britain as a World Power
Facts
• Empire partly comprises old settlement colonies
• India separate, but under British rule
Execution of Mutineers at Peshawar in 1857
Government House, Calcutta
Ripon’s Ideas
• Local self-government
• Schools in English
• Elections
Empire Expanding
Lunatic Line
Background
• Tendency toward neo-mercantilism
• European balance of power had shifted– Germany most powerful rival
Kaiser Wilhelm II
Attitude Change
• Empire rediscovered
Rosebery Salisbury
Joseph Chamberlain
Imperialist Creed
“Highest Stage of Capitalism”?
Sir Thomas Lipton
• 1850-1931
Cecil Rhodes
• 1853-1902
Imperialist Creed
• Patriotism
• Natives better off under British rule
Lord Curzon
• 1859-1925
Lord Cromer
• 1841-1917
Jawaharlal Nehru
Dr. David Livingstone
Imperial Conference, 1902
Why Did Empire Fail?
• Inherent contradiction in trends
The Boer War and After
• Demonstrated gap between ideology and reality