,n"rn,,"O *'nn'ot €F l jwrite ENGLAND and WALES in the correct places on the map, J Z,l Completethe sentences. ia;*s The capital of England is Thecapital of Wales is C 1 2 Wales against the uJol'ld N_O_ _t_F_ (You don't know? Read the text and find out!) r: nead aboutthe Welsh flag* and colour it' L R There is a red dragon in the centre of the Welsh flag' Colour the dragon red. The top of the flag iswhite. Leave the top white.The bottomof the flag is dark green. Colour the bottom dark green. Wales Never call a Welsh person 'English'. They don't likeit! TheWelsh are special people with a special history. They are Celts. Thefirst Celts - people from Europe - came to livein Wales in 700BC. (BC = before Christ*). Then, the Romans livedin Britain andWales. After that, 'Angle' and 'Saxon' people came from Europe to England but Wales stayed an independent* country for about800years. ln 1282, the Welsh prince diedin a fight with English soldiers. King Edward I of England captured* Wales' He called his youngson the 'Prince of Wales'. Today' the Prince of Wales is Prince Charles, the sonof Queen Elizabeth ll. Charles's first wife,Diana, was the Princess of Wales; hissecond wife, Camilla, is not. In 1485, a Welshman, Henry Tudot became King of England. HewasHenry Vll. His son - Henry Vlll - made Wales a partof England in 1536. Afterthat, London ruled* Wales. Everyone used the English language for important things. Young people started to forgetthe Welsh language. Some Welsh people were not happy aboutthis. ln 1997, Wales got a Welsh Assembly - a place for Welsh people to talk about Welsh problems. lt'sin the capital, Cardiff. Today, children in Wales learn Welsh at school. Thousands of people speak Welsh. There is Welsh language TV too. Cymru means Walesin Welsh! TIMESAVER BRITISH HISTORY HIGHLIGHTS @ MARY GLASGOW MAGAZINES, AN IMPRINT OF SCHOLAsTIC INC.
Transcript
,n" rn,,"O *'nn'ot €F
l jwrite ENGLAND and WALES in the correct places on the map,J
Z,l Complete the sentences.ia;*s
The capital of England is
The capital of Wales is C
1
2
Wales against the uJol'ld
N _ O _
_ t _ F _
(You don't know? Read the text and find out!)
r: nead about the Welsh flag* and colour it '
L
R
There is a red dragon in the centre of the Welsh flag'Colour the dragon red. The top of the f lag is white.Leave the top white. The bottom of the flag is darkgreen. Colour the bottom dark green.
WalesNever cal l a Welsh person 'Engl ish' . They don't l ike i t !
The Welsh are special people with a special history.They are Celts. The first Celts - people from Europe -
came to live in Wales in 700 BC. (BC = before Christ*).
Then, the Romans lived in Britain and Wales. Afterthat, 'Angle' and 'Saxon' people came from Europe to
England but Wales stayed an independent* countryfor about 800 years.
ln 1282, the Welsh pr ince died in a f ight with Engl ishsoldiers. King Edward I of England captured* Wales'He called his young son the 'Prince of Wales'. Today'the Prince of Wales is Prince Charles, the son of
Queen El izabeth l l . Charles's f i rst wife, Diana, was the
Princess of Wales; his second wife, Camilla, is not.
In 1485, a Welshman, Henry Tudot became King ofEngland. He was Henry Vl l . His son - Henry Vl l l -
made Wales a part of England in 1536. After that,London ruled* Wales. Everyone used the Engl ishlanguage for important things. Young people started
to forget the Welsh language. Some Welsh people
were not happy about this.
ln 1997, Wales got a Welsh Assembly - a place forWelsh people to talk about Welsh problems. l t 's in thecapital, Cardiff. Today, children in Wales learn Welshat school. Thousands of people speak Welsh. There isWelsh language TV too. Cymru means Walesin Welsh!
TIMESAVER BRITISH HISTORY HIGHLIGHTS @ MARY GLASGOW MAGAZINES, AN IMPRINT OF SCHOLAsTIC INC.
neunited Kinsdom €ra
4)Wtro are these people? Write the words in the sentences.*it
k ing prince queen -sold.i€n- pri ncess
1 This person fights* for his/her country.
2 This man is marr ied* to the queen. He is the leader* of the country.
3 This woman is married to the king. She is the leader of the country.
4 This man or boy is the son of the king and queen.
5 This woman or gir l is the daughter of the king and queen.
.?a.l.d.i.a.r.
Read and put the sentences in order. Number them 1-7
There is a Welsh king of England for the f i rst t ime.
An Engl ish king makes his son the f i rst Engl ish Prince of Wales.
The Anglo Saxons arr ive in England.
The Celts come to live in Wales.
The Romans arr ive in Wales.
Wales gets an Assembly.
Henry Vl l l makes Wales part of England.
Pensonal Pnoject- Do people speak differentlanguages in different parts ofyour country?- Choose one part of yourcountry and find out more aboutits history.
* What is it in your language?Find out!
;ll3 fut the ordered sentences in activity 5 into a past tense paragraph. Use first, then, next, after that, in the end.
a)oooo.)
.)
i&
a
b
C
d
e
f
' '$write north, south, east and
Scotland fon €vcF!west on the compass. DrawHadrian's wall.
A long, h igh wa l l -Hadrian's wal l - div idesEngland and Scot land. InRoman t imes this wal lstopped the 'Picts' in thenorth from enteringRoman Bri tain in the south.(The Picts were the earlypeople of Scotland.) Youcan visi t Hadrian's wal ltoday. lt goes betweenBowness in the west andWallsend in the east.
ScotlandFor many years, Scotland was an independent*country. But in 1286 the Scottish king died withouta son. England's King Edward I became the leaderof Scotland. The Scots were not happy with this.The Scott ish f ighter Wil l iam Wallace fought againstthe Engl ish. He was very brave*. (People cal led him'Braveheart'.) But he lost. Edward took Wallace toLondon and executed* him.
The Scots didn' t stop f ight ing. In 1314 Robert Brucefought the Engl ish and won. He became King Robert Iof Scot land.
A lot of Scots preferred France to England. KingJames V of Scotland married a French princess. Afterhe died, his daughter; Mary, became Queen of Scots.She was very young.
Mary marr ied three t imes. Her f i rst husband wasthe French King, but he died a year later. Her secondhusband was her cousin*, Lord Darnley. They had ason, James. Then Darnley died. Mary quickly marr iedagain. She marr ied her husband's ki l ler; people said.Mary was in trouble! She asked her Engl ish cousin,
Queen El izabeth l , for help. That was a mistake.Elizabeth executed* Mary to stop her from becomingQueen of England.
El izabeth died in 1603 with no chi ldren.Now Mary's son, James, was King of Scotlandand England . ln 1707, Scot land became a partof England and lost i ts Parl iament*.ln 1997, Scot land got i ts own Parl iament again.
s
riI
ri
,ffi nead and complete these sentences in Hadrian's wall with the correct words.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Hadrian's wal l is in the -n- - - of England.
T h e w a l l g o e s f r o m B o w n e s s t o _ _ _ _ _ , , _
Robert Bruce fought against the Ll_ _
'Braveheart's' real name was r-r
W no*, old was Mary when she became Queen? Write the boxed letters to find her age.
ffi$ neaO the puzzle and find the answers.
A small animal finally built her home after trying many times. Robert Bruce learnt from her. He fought the Englishone last time, and won.
Find the fact about Scotland in Bruce's swordand write it. Careful with capital letters!
Fact:
Write the extra letters to find the animal. (lt 's on this page!)
An imal :
Correct Mike Mistake's History exam answers. Put dis- , im-, in- or un- in front of the underlined words.
A lot of Scottish people liked - -E more than England.
The Queen of England's name was - - -tr- -
Mary's son became tr- - - of Scotland and England.
Pensonal Pnoject- Which people fought in the pastfor your country, or your part ofthe country to be free?- Choose one of them and findout more about his or her life.
What is it in your language?Find out!
- ! ' o . -. . : . i+f 1, , ,
I Edward t .d.istipea W;nam Wallace. '7':
2 Queen Elizabeth I was .......manried when ste died.
3 Mang, Queen of 9coE was .......luckg in hen choice of fusbands.
4 Hadrian'e wall made it .......possible for the Picts to enten Roman Britain.
5 James V of gcotland was .......fi,iendtg towards the Engtieh. "
',
_ a6 lt is.'.'.eorrect to call people fnom 9cotland'9cotch'. nf
The Inish qucstionffiWtrat do you know about lreland? Do the lreland quiz.
IRISHREPUBLIC
Ineland quizWhich saint* is the patron* of lreland?When is his day?a Saint Andrew - Saint Andrew's day is
20th November.b Saint Patrick - Saint Patrick's day is 17th March.
When was the Great lrish Potato Famine*?a in the 1840sb in the 1940s
What Christian Church do most people follow inthe North of lreland?a the Protestant Churchb the Roman Catholic Church
What Christian Church do most people followin the South of lreland?a the Protestant Churchb the Roman Catholic Church
What is 'Sinn Fein'?a an lrish terrorist groupb an lrish political party
What is 'the IRA ?a an lrish terrorist groupb an lrish political party
Check your answers quickly in the text.
want peace*
lrelandThe Celts came to lreland in 300 BC. They made potsand farmed the land. From 400 AD Christians like SaintPatrick arrived. Saint Patrick became a very specialperson to the lrish. He is the patron saint of lreland.
In 1607 many important lrish lords* in the northof lreland left the country. James I gave their landsto Englishmen and Scotsmen. They were ProtestantChristians. But lreland was a Catholic Christiancountry. Soon lrish Protestants had the best jobs,good land, and money. Catholics had the worstjobs, poor land, and no money.
In 1800 lreland became part of Great BritainThen in the 1840s the potatoes in lrish farms wentbad. There was a famine*. Many poor lrish peoplegot hungry and died. A lot emigrated* to Americaor England, looking for a better life.
Many people in l reland - mainly in the south - wantedto be independent. In 1918 the l r ish pol i t ical party SinnFein formed a parl iament* in Dubl in. The IRA ( l r ish
Republican Army) protected it. ln 1921 Northern lrelandchose to stay part of Britain. In 1948 the South becamean independent country - The Irish Republic.The problem was, there were stil l some Catholicsin the North.
From the 1970s the IRA attacked ordinary people withguns and bombs*. Many people died or were hurt inthese terrorist attacks. The Protestants in the Northfought back. Today, the terrorist attacks have stopped,but the problem hasn't gone away. The IRA wantsNorthern l reland to join the Cathol ic l r ish Republ ic.Protestant groups in the North want Northern lrelandto stay part of Britain. Most ordinary lrish people just
rhe unitea rlngoom S-f
j
neunited Kingdom tr)r E t
llillr
!S fvf "t.tt
the meanings with the underlined words in the text.
I a group of people f ight ing on one side
2 a country with a president, not a king
3 someone who kills or hurts people to achieve a goal
4 rel igious people who fol low Christ
5 separate and free
$nead the text again and put the sentences in order.
a lreland became part of Great Britain (AJ r^b The IRA attacked peopte with bombs.
- f LJ
c The lr ish Repub" ' A u
d stpatrick."r"l: ',"t; U0 tr\
e James lgave land to Engl ish andScots people Pf The Celts came to treland. p I ;
g Britain hoped for an end to the terrorist attacks. lE) ^,
h sinn Fein formed an tr ish parl iament in Dubl in. -
\D)
j l e f t t he* r " , ;E
i Many trish peopte teft for ar"rica. C
(
k Northern lreland stayed with Britain and the south became a Free state.
, h . ^ .'GJlreland is a very green island. Put the letters in the potatoesin order to find a romantic name for it:
THE E
t u -CJComplete the'lrish shamrock' leaves with
the missing parts of the verbs.
armv
Pensonal Pnoject- Which terrorist groups do youknow about? What have theydone to get in the news? Whatare they f ight ing fol or against?- Choose one group and f ind outmore about it.
* What is it in your language?Find out!
TIMESAVER BRITISH HISTORY HIGHLIGHTS @ MARY GLASGOW MAGAZINES. AN IMPRINT OF SCHOLASTIC INC
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Cnazg * kings{{$fing Henry Vlll had six wives. Do you know their names? Read the text to find out.
Henng VIl l (1491-1547, King fnom l5O9)
Henry and his six wives
When Henry Vl l l became king he was 18. He dancedand sang well. Everyone loved him. But he needed ason. His first wife - Catherine of Aragon - was Spanish.Catherine and Henry had a daughter, Mary. Henrywasn't happy. He wanted a divorce*. The Church*in Rome said 'no'. So Henry started the Church ofEngland. Then he and Catherine divorced.
Henry then marr ied Anne Boleyn. She had a daughteqElizabeth. But Anne was in love with her brothe[ andHenry heard about it. He sent her to the Tower ofLondon. There they cut off her head, or'beheaded'
her. Next Henry married Jane Seymour.She had a son, Edward, but then she died.
After that Henry married a German princess,Anne of Cleves. She was ugly. 'She looks like ahorse,' Henry said. They soon divorced. Then Henrymarried Catherine Howard. She was 20 and beautiful,and Henry was 49. Catherine lost her head whenHenry heard about her boyfriend. Henry's last wifewas Katherine Parr. She was nice to Henry - and shesurvived* him! Henry's son Edward was the next king.
3Wt "t happened to Henry's wives? Write these
words next to the names. They make a rhymethat English children learn at school.
1
2
3
4
Catherine of Aragon
Anne Boleyn
Jane Seymour
Anne of Cleves
Catherine Howard
Katherine Parr
survived died beheadedbeheaded divorced divorced
5
5
l$Ceorge lll was a crazy king. What do you think he did? a He talked to trees.
Read the text and find out. b He lost America.c He gave Buckingham Palace* to his wife.d He hated his son.
.{Sfnese sentences compare Henry Vlll and George lll.Read both texts again and tick the correct column(H for Henry or G for George).
1 He was younger when he became king.
2 He was older when he died.
3 He had more chi ldren.
4 He was king for longer.
5 He had lots of wives.
6 He had a terr ible son.
7 He started the Church of England.
8 He l iked reading.
9 He knew about fruit and vegetables.
10 He l iked dancing and singing.
11 His son Edward was king after him.
12 He studied the stars.
Geonge l l l (173A-l8aO, King fnom 176o)
George l l l had 15 chi ldren. He loved hiswife, Charlotte. (He gave BuckinghamPalace to her!) He studied the stars andhe loved reading. He liked country lifetoo. He knew al l about animals, f rui tand vegetables. The Bri t ish l iked himand cal led him'The Farmer King' .But Britain lost Americaunder George l l l !
In later life George lll went crazy.He talked to trees and shouted'peacock* ' al l the t ime. He couldn' trule* the country. His oldest son -
George, Prince of Wales - ruled itfor him. George l l l hated the Prince.When George l l l d ied, the Princebecame King George lV.
1
2H
@ooo
ooa)o
G
ooooooo.)
oooo
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
i$Write the letters in the stars to find thename of each king's family.
Henry Vl l l 's family name was I
George l l l 's family name was
H
Pensonal Pnoject- Were there any crazy rulers in yourcountry? What did they do?- Choose one of them and find out moreabout him or her.
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* What is it in your language? Find out!
sCool quccns
@f-oot at these two famous queens. Which queen ...1 . . . l ived in the 1500s?2 . . . l ived in the 1800s?3 . . . said 'We are not amused*! '?4 . . . said ' l am marr ied to England! '?
What do you think? Read the texts to check your ideas.
I want my facein the paint ing to
be beautiful.
Clizabeth | (bonn 1533,Oueen fnom 1558 to 1603)
Elizabeth's sisteri Mary, was the Queen of Englandfrom 1553 to 1558. Elizabeth liked the Church ofEngland, but Mary hated it. So she locked Elizabethin the Tower of London. When Mary died, Elizabethbecame queen. She spoke five languages, was talland thin, and had fair skin and red hair . The SpanishKing and a French Prince wanted to marry her whenshe was young. But she said 'no' to them. She said, ' l
am married to England.' She painted her face white,wore a red wtg, and became'The Virgin* Queen'.
Painters had to paint Elizabeth as a beautifulyoung woman even when she was old. But shewas a popular queen, El izabethan England wasfamous for writers like Shakespeare, and for sailorsl ike Francis Drake, and Walter Raleigh. Engl ishpeople in America gave the name 'Virginia'
to their new home. The name came fromElizabeth, the Virgin queen.
34,fe$*
Victonia (bonn IE|18,Oueen fnom lA37 to l90l )
Queen Victoria was queen of the United Kingdomfor 64 years - the longest time on the throne ofany British King or Queen. She married her Germancousin. Prince Albert. He worked hard to help her.(He also brought the idea of Chrislmas trees toBritain from Germany!) Victoria loved Albert, andthey had nine chi ldren. When Albert died in 1861,Victoria wore black clothes for the rest of her life.
Victoria was very popular with the British.In 1887 there were big street parties for her.Signs everywhere said, '50 Years Our Queen'.In 1897 there were more parties for her after60 years as queen. Victoria was a small woman -
only 5 feet (1.5 metres) tall. And when she wasold she got very fat. But she was a great queen.In the Victorian age Britain had a large Empire* -
with lands in Africa, India, Hong Kong, Australia,New Zealand and Canada.
,R{c.,
0
V
t /
t /
a)t /
(-,
t(,
(,
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t
Match the underlined words inthe texts with their meanings.1 to put colour on
......................L0..,?- a.i.n!/.2 the son (or daughter) of your
father's (or mother's) brother(or sister)
3 false hair
a king or queen si ts on thisspecial chair
England, Wales, Scot landand lreland together asone country
R
o
o
E
A
sD
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I
G
E
T
T
H
B
M
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B
R
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H
"SJfne love of Queen Elizabeth l's life was a married man. Look at theboxes you ticked in activity 3. Write the letters to find his name.
K _ _
lffiwrit" the superlative of the adjectives in the Christmas trees.
li*l\ -
'&JRead the texts again. Mark these sentences E (Elizabeth) or V (Victoria).:-t
1 She was queen for 45 years.
2 The Spanish king wanted to marry her.
3 She wore black for many years.
4 She had red hair and a white face.
5 She marr ied her cousin.
6 She had nine chi ldren.
7 She wore a wig when she was older.
8 She spoke f ive languages.
9 Her husband brought Christmas trees to England.
10She was a short and fat old woman.
11A French prince wanted to marry her.
12She had a la rge Empi re .
Pensonal Pnoject- Were there any cool queens in your country? Whatdid they do?- Choose one queen and find out more about her.
* What is it in your language? Find out!
E
@.)
.)
-
a).)
.)
.)
.)
ta).)
Kings and queens
Romantic Fogals@Uatct the words with their meanings.
it;!
i$Wtrat is the family name of today's British royals?Put the underlined letters in activity 1 in order to
1
2
a5sassinate captain divorcegovernot navy rqyal +€iftF
very strange
the most important person on aship; an army officer
weird
3 a group of people that fight inships on the sea for their country
4 to stop being married
5 to kill someone for political reasons
6 belonging to a king's orqueen's family
someone that makes the laws in acountry that belongs to an empire
find it.
W
{$ looL at the photos. What do you know aboutEdward Vlll and Prince Charles? Mark thesesentences E (Edward) or C (Charles).
1 He was born in the 1890s.
2 He was born in the 1940s.
3 He used to talk to plants.
4 He left the throne of England for love.
5 He marr ied an American.
6 He has two sons - William and Harry.
What do you think? Read the texts to check your ideas.
€duapd Vll l and Wallace SimpsonEdward Vlll was the son of King GeorgeV. He was born in '1894. Like all the oldestsons of British Kings, he became prince ofWales. He was handsome and popularwith the British people, and he lovedparties. When King George V died in1935, Edward became king.
Edward wanted to marry an American,Wallace Simpson. She had divorcedtwice and the Archbishop* of Canterburysaid that the King (as the leader of theChurch of England) could not marry adivorced woman.
After 11 months Edward gave up thethrone of England for the woman thathe loved. He became the Duke* ofWindsor. He married Wallace and spentthe rest of his life abroad. He was thegovernor of the Bahamas for a time.Some people say that the Duke wasfriendly with the German leader, AdolfHitler, because he hoped to go back toEngland as king i f the Germans wonthe Second World War.
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Prince Charles was born in Buckingham Palace
in '1948. He had some weird habits when he was
younger - like talking to plants' After school he
studied at Cambridge University' Later he joined
the Navy, and was the captain of a ship. In 1981
he married Lady Diana Spencer. They had two
sons, William (born 1982) and Harry (born 1984).
But Diana became unhappy when she learnt that
Charles had a married loveri Camilla Parker-Bowles.
Chanles, Diana - and Camil la!
Charles had first met Camilla in 1970. He fell in love
with her at once. But she was older than him, and she
had had boyfriends before.
Camil la divorced her husband in 1995' In 1996
Charles and Diana divorced. The next year Diana
died in a car crash in Paris. Some people think that
she was assassinated. In 2005 Charles finally married
the love of his life, Camilla Parker-Bowles.
f.dbneaA the texts again. Join the sentences correctly'
1 1936 was the year. . .
2 The Archbishop of Canterbury was the person"'
3 Wal lace Simpson was the woman.. '
4 The Duke of Windsor was the title.'.
5 Adolf Hit ler was the German leader. . '
6 Cambridge was the universi tY.. .
7 1970 was the year..,
8 1981 was the year. . .
9 1997 was the year...
10 2005 was the year. . .
A
that Edward marriea. 9
that Charles met Camil la. {
that Edward Vl l l was king for 11 months. P
that the Duke was friendlY with. I
that Edward was given af,ter he left the throne' P
that said Edward couldn't marry a divorced *otunQ
that Prince Charles studied " P
that Pnncess O,rna o,"o. p
that Charles married C.t,f fr. Q
Pensonal Pnoject- Were there any famous royal couples in your
country's history? What happened to them?- Choose one royal couple and find out more about
Swft"t do we call it when a king gives up the throne*
because he doesn't want to rule anymore? Put the
letters in the hearts in order to find the word'
* What is it in your language? Find out!
j that Charles married Lady Diana Spen.er. p
ffiwrit" the verbs in the gaps.
The Ouc€n's HomesThe Queen* of England (Elizabeth ll) has got lots of homes. Sometimes she lives at
Buckingham Palace* in London and sometimes at Windsor Castle* in Windsor.(She also has a home - Balmoral Casfle - in Scotland!)
lived had stays juitf started
4 The gardensThe gardens at Buckingham palace are very big. In 2002,the Queen had a big pop concert* there to celebrate*50 years of being Queen. 5he also has big tea partiesthere and invites different people to them. For apicnic*, go to Windsor. The gardens there are biggerand they are always open.
5 Not invitedIn 1982 the Queen woke up at Buckingham palace witha surprise. There was a strange* man sitting on her bedlHis name was Michael Fagan. They talked for half anhour. Fagan asked the queen for a cigarette*, but shecouldn't give him one. She doesn't smoke. There are 200bedrooms in the Palace. How did he find the right one?
Buckingham Palaceln 1705, the Duke* of Buckingha n t ........h\t.1!......"..
there in 1837. After that, different kings* and queens
lived in the palace. Today, Queen Elizabeth ll often
3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . there. When she is at 'home', a f lag*
flies from the roof*.
Windson CastleWil l iam | (Wil l iam the First) 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . to bui ld*
this castle in the 1070s. The castle is a favourite place
for royal weddings*. Prince Charles and Camilla
Parker-Bowles 5 ............................ a big party in the castle
after their wedding in 2005.
ffifU"t.t the pictures on the next page with the numbered texts.
1 Money problemsThe Queen opened Buckingham palace to the public*for the first time in 1993. Why? Because she neededmoney after a big fire at Windsor Castle. The fire lastedfor 15 hours and it destroyed* a lot of rooms.
2 Big HousesBuckingham Palace has more than 500 rooms and 78bathrooms. 19 of the rooms are open to the public fortwo months each year. Windsor Castle is a lot bigger - ithas over 1,000 rooms!
3 The Royal* Guard*Every day, lots of tourists* stand in front of the palaceto watch the Changing of the Guard. The Guards wearred jackets and'bearskins'(very big black hats). Theymustn't smile at the tourists when they are working.This is sometimes very difficultl
TIMESAVER BRITISH HISTORY HIGHLIGHTS @ MARY GLASGOW MAGAZINES. AN IMPRINT OF SCHOLASTIC INC.
,'raor'. Ou',O,nn, €F
E ) Comolete these sentences with words from the text. The first lettersmake the name of the Queen's favourite kind of dog.
1 W i n d s o r C a g t I e i s o l d e r t h a n B u c k i n g h a m P a l a c e .
2 Only 19 of the rooms at Buckingham Palace are - to the publ ic.
3 The British - - Family have a lot of houses.
4 The - at Buckingham Palace have beaut i ful t rees and f lowers.
5 The Queen sometimes - people to parties at the palace. The dog is a .C
i finU seven mistakes in the e-mail from Mike Mistake.
**u* lI _1,* **l:l]lll]l]_SHi JessYesterday we went to Windsor Castle and today we wenttoglirubelh,giBuckingham Palace. l 'm so tired! They are just two of Queen \LstDF+a3-
'
houses! There were a lot of people at Windsor. lt 's a castle andWilliam the First started to build it in the 1 170s so it's very old. Therewas a fire there in 1982, but now it's fine. The gardens are small sowe went for a walk and we had a picnic. That was great, Buckingham aPalace was a bit boring. lt has about a hundred rooms and we sawnineteen of them. They're all the same! After that, we saw the ',
Changing of the Guard. They wear blue uniforms and funny hats. lThe Queen sometimes invites people for coffee at the palace, t,
but she didn't invite me! Maybe next time! '
Mike
Pensonal Pnoject- Where did the rulers of yourcountry live in the past? Did theyhave different houses?- Choose one of their houses andfind out more about it.
* What is it in your language?Find out!
Historic buitdings df)l r
@ t"*.n the words *i.h.h"*"r: bridge clock crown execute maze moon prison raven tennis
"Ax"fffl complete the text about The Towert of London with words from Exercise L
iE
MI1 .............trQvye,r.............. 5
The Touen of LondonHello, l 'm a guard at the Tower ofLondon. People call us'beefeaters'.Perhaps it's because in the past theypaid us with meat, not money.
The Tower is over 900 years old andit's next to the River Thames andTower t -...8-f.i.dAe... . wiiliam I buittit as a castle, then it was a zoo*, butit is most famous as a 2 ............Many kings and queens stayed here.They 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .d some of them.The Tower of London isn't just one4.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . There are lots oftowers, some big and some small. Oneis called the Bloody* Tower becausetwo young princes died there in 1483.
The Crown Jewels* are at the Tower.Many kings and queens wore thesebeaut i ful 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .s and jewels.
Big, black birds cal led 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .sguard the Tower with me. Withoutravens at the Tower, people say it'sthe end of the kings and queens ofEngland. So be careful with our birdsl
Hampton CountHi there. l 'm a guide at Hampton Court Palace on the northbank of the River Thames. Hampton Court was the favouritehome of King Henry Vl l l . He l ived in 'Tudor ' t imes and l ,mwearing Tudor clothes. Cardinal* Wolsey built Hampton Court,but Henrytook it from him in 1529. Henry loved his home atHampton Court. He looked after* it very well too.
I @rcHlrcHrs@MARvG*roo*"acrz,,u*:.rll-TEili6illdasri&'lc-)
rt,rror,. brild'ng, Ol
$ finO out more about Hampton Court. Do the maze to answer these questions.*
1 What was one of Henry,s favourite sports? was it tennis or football?
2 What does the astronomical* c lock tel l you? ls i t the size of the moon or the size or the sun?
3 What did Henry put in the garden in 1769? (lt 's stil l there today!) ls it a vine or an apple tree?
4 Which animals can you see in the parks around the palace? ls i t deer or sheep?
5 What happened in 1986? Was there a f i re or a f lood?
l o n m i av v t t l l t J
$fVf"t" sentences. Follow the example. Then write TOL (The Tower of London) or HC (Hampton Court).
Which bui lding?
1 W i l l i a m l / b u i l d / i t
2 Henry Vl l l / l ive / there
3 the guides / be / in Tudor clothes
4 Beefeaters / get / meat as PaY
5 they / execute / a lot of people there
5 two young princes / die / there
$rina the words.
I.QL
$rina the names of the Princes in the Tower.Use the letters in the squares and circles'
1 The ruiL e r T h a m e e isnearthe
Tower and Hampton Court.
2 You can see the ll-
3 Hampton Court was tft" [- -O of Henry Vlll '
4 The Tower is hundreds of years - -O
bui l t Hampton Court .
and
at the Tower.
- o -ooo
5
6
oT
Pensonal Pnoject- Are there any old pr isons or palaces in your
country? Which famous people lived in them?- Find out more about one pr ison or palace.
* What is it in your language? Find out!
TIMESAVER BRITISH HISTORY HIGHLIGHTS @ MARY GLASGOW MAGAZINES, AN IMPRINT OF SCHOLASTIC INC.
Beefeaters are - - at the Tower of London.
ffiftu" or False? What do You think?
Cambridge University is older than Oxford University'
Oxford has more colleges than Cambridge'
The first Oxford students studied in Paris'
Teachers at Oxford and Cambridge before the 19th century
couldn't marry.No women studied at the universities until the 20th century'
Every year, the two universities compete in a swimming race"""" ""'
Read the guidebook and check your ideas'
Top univensities: Oxfond and Cambnidgeoxford and cambridge are the top two universities in England'
Some peop|e ca|| the two unversities together ,oxbridge,!
ffivt"a.h the titles with thenumbered Parts of the text.
1234
56
The first studentsWomen students
No married teachers An exciting competition
staying at the universities Anrienr I'nivers'itier
The Church was very important in Oxford and
Cambridge for many years. For example, until the
19th century the university teachers were almost like
priestsx and theY couldn't marry'
4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Women started studying later than men' The first
women's college at Cambridge opened in 1859 and
at Oxford in 1878. Today, three Cambridge colleges
and one Oxford college are for women only' Men
and women study together in the others'
5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Every year the universities compete in a rowing*
race over 7 kilometres of the Thames' Each boat has
eight male rowers and a cox*, who must be a very
light man or woman. The first race was in 1829 and it
became a yearly race in 1839' All"the students really
want their universitY to win!
People can stay in rooms at Oxford and Cambridge
when the students are on holiday. Some rooms are
modern but the older rooms are more interesting
(and more uncomfortablel). They often have low
ceilings*, small windows and a view of the square or'quadrangle' in the middle of the col lege' lmagine
sleeping in the same room as an ex Prime Minister*
or eating at the same table as Lawrence of Arabia!
r .................... ........An a.i a.nL..D.n.iu e r'e-itr i eeThe towns of Oxford and Cambridge have some
of the finest buildings in Britain' They are famous
for their universities, the oldest in England' All the
students live and study in a college' Cambridge has
31 colleges and Oxford has 39. Oxford's first college
started in 1249. Cambridge's first college opened
in 1281 .
Before the 'l2th century, people who wanted a good
education went to the Sorbonne in Paris' Then' in
1167, all English students in Paris moved to Oxford'
Some people say King Henry lltold them to move'
Others say the French threw them outl The students
went to study in Oxford monasteries* and that was
the beginning of Oxford University.
Students past and presentl..$Wfrictr rules is this student breaking?
o oFebruary 5th 2005
RULESStudents must buy the following clothes:Men1 gown, 1 cap, 1 bow-tie (white)Women1 gown, 1 cap, 1 black ribbonStudents will wear these clothes on specialdays, for example: on Day 1 of university.BicyclesIt is not necessary to buy one of these, butthey are very useful for travelling roundthe city and between colleges.
K"t* for stufents- Students are rnt a[[owe[ to uear 6oots in pu6[ir- Cur[y ftair is rnt af[owed.lPenn[ty*: 6 sftiffings*.- Snfen* rut$t lnt Bo rcar sfrops tfiat se[[ uine+
or tobacco*.- Stufents mrut 6e fiacfrintfuir co[kge fiefore 9
in tfu eaenirg.- Sndents mrut not carry fangerlw u)eflporrs* bnA
6ows anf arrows wfientfiey arensing tfumforfuo)
.{ laUet the clothes.
$Oxford and Cambridge have had some very famous graduates. Can you match the people with their activities?
Oxford
1 Sir Thomas More
2 Oscar Wilde
3 Hugh Grant
4 Margaret Thatcher
5 Rowan Atkinson
Prime Minister of Br i tainin the 80s and 90s
f i lm star
comic f i lm and TV star(Mr Bean)
writer
pol i t ic ian at the t imeof Henry Vl l l
Pensonal Pnoject- Are there any old universi t ies in your country? Which famous people studied at them?- Choose one of these univerities and find out more about it.
Sea cxplonensNo one lives very far from the sea in Britain so the sea is very impoftant
in British history. Many years ago, the only way to see the worldwas by boat. Some sailors* did exciting things.
@ vr"t.tl the pictures with thedifferent parts of the textabout Drake.
Sin Fnancis Dnake (15,4"-1595)1 Drake was a sai lor at the t ime of Queen* El izabeth l . He sai led*around the world (1577-1580). He was the first English person to do this.
2 Drake sailed to South America and took money and other things backto England. The Queen was very happy with the money because Englandhad money problems at this time. She went onto Drake's boat, theGolden* Hind*, and said, 'Now you are Sir Francis Drake.' (Only importantpeople have 'Sir' before their first name.)
3 In 1588, there was a war* between the English navy* and the Spanishnavy (the Armada). The Spanish weren't lucky. They lost many boatsbecause the weather in the North Sea was terrible. This helped theEnglish and they won* the war. The Queen was happy with Drake again.
4 Drake died in 1595 in the West Indies. Before he died, he asked to seehis favourite drum. There are many stories about the drum. Today, it isin Drake's house in England. Before a war, people say you can hear thesound of a drum - Drake's druml
41 b
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// Fl\*
-*iq
*flRead the text aqain and match the sentence halves.
1 Drake was the first English sailor
2 The Queen needed money
3 The Queen liked Drake
4 The name of Drake's boat
5 When Drake had money
5 In the war against Spain
7 Drake died
8 Drake's drum is
:;ln:i;:::''' @ m: ::'#,::::::::'"n''^ox @e was the Gotden Hind. OWf because England had problffi @g to go around the world.
O *
h he bousht a house.
@
*
,€bput the letters in the drums in the correct order to find out which fruit Drake found.
q$U"t.h the titles with the different parts of the text about Raleigh.
a An lr ish house b Explor ing America a The Qseen's favoori te d A sad end e Cloak and puddle*
::Sj Raleigh brought two new things back to Britain.What were they? Look at the pict-ure clues and unscramble the letters.
1 oTACBOC 2 TOPATOSE
6 iComplete the text about these words.
Drake and Raleigh were explorers 1 . . . . . . . . .2. f td. . . . . . . . they worked for Queen
El izabeth l . They sometimes ki l led people in wars 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the Queen
l iked them. They gave her money 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . she cal led them 'Sir ' . The
Queen needed more money at this time 4 .. England had money
problems. 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Queen El izabeth died, and James I was king.
Everything changed after that.
Were Drake and Raleigh good men 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . bad men?
What do you think?
then so because gnrd or but
Pensonal Pnoject- Did your country have anyfamous sea explorers in the past?Where did they go? What didthey do?- Find out more about oneof them.
* What is it in your language?Find out!
Sin Walten Raleigh (1554 - I6l8)
Raleigh was an explorer. He sailed to differentcountries. He went to North America and he tried to
I- start an English town there. He left some English menand women in America. When the boats went backwith food a few months later; the people weren'tthere. What happened to them? We don't know.
c.- tI . .. .......c.fh.e- -Qu Qen:.e..fa.v.a-ar.i.10.....Queen El izabeth I l iked Walter Raleigh more thanFrancis Drake! (He is also a 'Sir ' , as you can see.) Hewon wars for her in l reland and France.
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .There is a famous story about Raleigh: One day, theQueen went for a walk in the street. Suddenly, shesaw a dir ty puddle in front of her. Raleigh quickly puthis cloak on the puddle, and the Queen walked overit. She didn't get her shoes wet or dirtyl From thatday, Raleigh was the Queen's favourite man!
Raleigh was a good spy*. Some people wanted to killQueen Elizabeth. They wanted Mary (the Queen ofScot land) to be Queen of England. Raleigh learntabout this plan and he told El izabeth. She gave him abig house and gardens in l reland to say' thank you' .
5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " . . . . .But after El izabeth died in 1603, Raleigh wasn't solucky. The new king, James l , put him in pr ison* inLondon. Raleigh came out of pr ison in 1612. He wentto South America looking for El Dorado, a fantasticci ty ful l of gold*. He didn' t f ind i t , and there wereproblems. Raleigh ki l led some people, and he did notbr ing any money back to England for the king. Theking executed* Raleigh in 1618.
^..t(n5
,atorr "*O,or"r, O-)
Cxtnemc cxploFcl's'Extreme'explorers go to the hottest, coldest, highest,
and most dangerous places on earth.
ffitmagine you are in the Antarctic, travelling to the South Pole'What's it like? Choose the correct words.
1 The weather ir @l boiting.
2 There's a lot of sand / snow and ice.
3 There are penguins and seals / camels and crocodiles.
4 You're wearing fur / cotton clothes.
5 You're travelling by sledge / camel train.
6 Dogs / Camels pull your transport*.
7 Your fingers are black. Perhaps you've got frostbite* / a cold!
You are going to read about twofamous British explorers. They bothwent to the Antarctic.
"r&".ffiWrite the questions in the correct place..try
a How and where did Scott and his men die?b Whe was €aptain Seett?c Why did things go wrong?d What did Scott find when he
reached the South Pole?e What was Scott's ambition?
TIMESAVER BRITISH HISTORY HIGHLIGHTS @ MARY GLASGOW MAGAZINES, AN IMPRINT OF SCHOI,ASTIC INC.
Captain Scott (l 868- I 9 | e)
r .........W-h.q. .v/.ae..Q.a.p-!a!.n..9-.q pEfr .People usually call Captain Robert Falcon Scott 'Scott
of the Antarctic'. In 1904, he went further south thanany person before him - but he wanted to do more.
Scott really wanted to be the first person to reach theSouth Pole. He didn't do it, but he is stil l a hero* formany British people.
ln 1910 Scott tried to reach the South Pole with fourother men. They arr ived on January 18th 1912. Butthey weren't the first to reach the Pole. RoaldAmundsen from Norway was there three weeksbefore them. Scott wrote: 'lt is a terribledisappointment*. . . . l t wi l l be a di f f icul t return. '
ln fact, Scott and his men never returned. They alldied, hungry and very tired, from"frostbite. Scott andthe others didn't know it, but they were only 20kilometres from rescuers when they died.
Scott was very brave*. Buthe made mistakes, and wasunlucky with the weather.Amundsen used dogs topull the sledges, but Scottused men. Also, Scott andhis men ate very little, andthey ate the wrong food.They became i l lwi thscurvy* because they didn'teat any fruit or vegetables.
Sin Cnnest Shackleton 0A74- l9Aa)
shackleton *"na6furo the Antarctic with CaptainScott in 1901. After pay Captain Scott's death, Shackletondecided to try to cross the Antarctic by months boat.His boat, lhe Endurance*, started out in 1914.
It was another terrible journey. Shackleton's boatwent into thick always ice and stayed there. After 281days the ice moved and broke the ship. The men crossedthe ice on foot to Elephant ls land. They impossible pul ledlifeboats* all the way. Shackleton and five others went1,000 kilometres across the South AtlanticOcean to get help. The other 22 men
Orl r
.:$neaU about Shackleton and circle five more extra words. Then put them into the advertisement.
SJOne of the men on Elephant lsland - Frank Wild - wrote to his wife.Snow has fallen on some of the words. Can you complete them?
Elephant lsland, l9l5
Mg deanwife,
I hope gou are wett. tf e mueh ..p.p)d.g.f..Ol here than in Engtand. tn facf,
its the co............ (2) place in the wonld! The wor.....-. (3) times ane when
if s as black a.....-(4) night for 24 hours everg dag. The be.....-. (5) times
are when we cen see well enough to plag football,
We sometimes kill a penguin on a seal for food. lhe eeal meat is bet.........
(6) than the penguin meat lt isn't ........-. ?) hard!
Oun Captain has gone for help. He's the bra......... (8) man in the wonld.lake eane.Youn loving husband,Fnank
A
7
Look at the complete advertisement.Could you do the job?
* What is it in your language?Find out!
* /t€
,lr$illneaA and answer the question.
Shackleton and his men landed on the coast* of South Georgia.They walked for 36 hours over mountains to reach a town.Shackleton rescued the men on Elephant lsland on August 30th,1916. All of them were alive, but some of them died soon after.Do you know why? (The answer is at the bottom of the page.)Shackleton went to the Antarct ic again but he died on his shipin 1922. He is bur ied* on South Georgia ls land.
Pensonal Pnoject- Were there any extreme explorers in your country's history?Where did they go? What did they do?- Find out more about one of them.
The TifiTe'dMen -L.W.2.fitrfr.d
for dangerousjourney. Poor 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Freezing cold. Long 3...... ........ ....of complete darkness*.Danger 4.................... possible.Death* not 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .A safe return is not sure.You will become a beroif ltou complete tbe journey.
,rl.ii*t;,r;;
reA plroM lsrJ aql ul palll) a:enn {aql :UIMSNV
Sl
€xploFCPs in Afnica
..........Jp.h.n..9.p.e.Ke-........ . 2
2,, .,,
-o*-t
//, *
::
4
.l.Jt-oot at the map of Africa. Write these labels in the correct place:
The River Nile Lake Victoria The Sahara desert east coast west coast
Untilthe 'l9th century, most of Africa was a mystery to the restof the world. Several European countries had places on the coast fordoing business, or 'trading', with the Africans. The rest of Africa wasunknown. Anyone who tried to explore inside Africa was killed orbecame ill and died. But some men (and a few women) wanted adventure.They knew about the dangers but they stil l wanted to explore Africa!
fiJnead the text below and match the dates with the pictures.
a1 2tt
'/t
Hot Afnican Cxplonens' Dates
1796-1805The Scottish explorer Mungo Park travelled toTimbuktu from the west coast and reached the RiverNiger. He was the first European to do this. He wrotea book about his adventures. Nine years late[ Parkreturned to the Niger and tried to reach the eastcoast. His boat hit a rock, and natives attackedPark's men with spears. Park jumped into theriver and drowned.
1854Richard Burton entered the Muslim* city of Harrar inSomalia. He was the first European to leave it alive!He went into the desert for four months, and was hitin the face by a Somali spear. He also wrote a book:First Footsteps in East Africa.
1856-1858Burton went with John Speke to look for thesource* of the River Ni le. Burton got malar ia*.Speke continued without Burton. He found LakeVictoria - but Burton told him where to look! Speketold everyone that he alone had discovered the Nilesource. Burton was angry with Speke.
The 1860sSpeke and James Grant travelled to the head of LakeVictoria. They were sure they had found the source ofthe Ni le. Then they disappeared. Samuel Baker andhis wife, Florence, went to look for them. The Bakersdiscovered another lake. They called it 'Lake Albert'after Queen Victoria's husband.
f f iwno...
... saw Lake Victoria first?
.. . drowned in the r iver?
.. . lef t Harrar al ive?
1
3
5
... was attacked with spears?
... found Lake Albert?
.. . got angry with Speke?
ramous explorers lt-)
SlComplete the text about David Livingstone with thepast simple of these verbs. carry discover disappear *a+t*
become shoot receive hate
David Livingstone (l I I 3- I 873)
Livingstone was a Scottish doctor. He 1 .......€:a.f.nQ-d......African languages and spent many years living inAfrica. He loved Africa, but he was also worried aboutthe people there. He 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the slave trade,and spent a lot of time telling the British about it.
In 1843 Livingstone 3 ............................... a lion but, beforeit died, it almost destroyed his left arm. Livingstoneput maggots on his arm to eat the dead flesh!Livingstone was often ill with malaria. He was the firstperson to use a thermometer to learn his bodytemperature. He also 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 'quinine'- a medicine which was good against malar ia. l t st i l lsaves lives today.
Livingstone 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a gold medal for crossingAfrica from west to east. He discovered the Zambesi
River in 1851. In 1866, he went to look for the sourceof the Ni le. (Another onel)
While he was exploring, Livingstone6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for months. People thought hewas dead. An American newspaper reporter, HenryStanley, went to look for him. lt took him over a year.He found h im in a smal lv i l lage in 1871. He wa lked upto him and said, 'Doctor Livingstone, I presume*!' He7 ............................... a good friend of Livingstone's andthey travelled together to Lake Tanganyika in 1872.
When Livingstone died in '1873, his followersI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . h is body 2,500 ki lometres to thecoast. The journey took five months, and ten mendied on the way. Livingstone was a hero to the British,and they put his body in Westminster Abbey*in London.
5 :=-:
fJWtrictr words have these meanings?
1 The meat on your body.
trtrtrtrf f i2 A round metal thing that people get when they do something good.
T W N I T3 A little fat white animal with no legs.
T W N t r T I4 To go down under the water and die.
T W t r T T5 A thin glass thing that doctors use to check a patient's temperature.
W N t r T t r T T T t r N T
Wwtti.tr part of Livingstone isburied in Africa?The letters in the shaded boxestel lyou.
It's his h
Pensonal Pnoject- Did your country have anyfamous land explorers in the past?Which countries did they visit?What did they do there?- Find out more about one ofthem.
* What is it in your language?Find out!
@Hrs @ MARv crasco* vecnzrues, ar'r rilfrTff6iil6[frc-ilI]fp)
,atorr a"O,orarc S_)
€xplonGPs in Afnica."lj-.
d*0 took at the map of Africa. Write these labels in the correct placel
The River Nile Lake Victoria The Sahara desert east coast west coast
't/K.k;' ;'E FIA;'> rt;; rd3. l V ^ - o ( L
untilthe 19th century, most of Africa was a mystery to the rest "" """"" ':'\' *,u",. r))
-o * *r,[S
Y=-of the world. Several European countries had places on the coast for t-\-];L 5::
s/';
doing business, or'trading', with the Africans. The rest of Africa was -" -, =, ') \ ,/t-t-,' -''l (z^ ./-'.>-'
unknown. Anyone who tried to explore inside Africa was killed or -,, -- n z \ ^Y" ...(.... '....=became ill and died. But some men (and a few women) wanted adventure. 2--'
-")t !1,k" \ | 2 -:.
--, "l AlbertThey knew about the dangers but they stil l wanted to explore Africa!
--') Arbert \*
+ > - , ( . . / . / / '
1 (il l::ffineaathetextbelowTotnthe:lates:iththe::lures' z,L^*r z- t / ?r-,v--;\
./.-,..t,-' ''
..-'-4
4,tt)
-3
... was attacked with spears?
.. . found Lake Albert?
.. . got angry with Speke?
ffiwno...1
3
5
... saw Lake Victoria first?
.. . drowned in the r iver?
.. . lef t Harrar al ive?
TIMESAVER BRITISH HTSTORY HIGHLIGHTS @ MARY GUSGOW MAGAZINES, AN IMPRINT OF SCHOLASTIC INC,
2
4
6
-gg
'2. $.,f
Hot Afnican Cxplonens' Dates
The Scottish explorer Mungo Park travelled to Burton went with John Speke to look for the
Timbuktu from the west coast and reached the River source* of the River Nile. Burton got malaria*.
Niger. He was the first European to do this. He wrote Speke continued without Burton. He found Lake
a book about his adventures. Nine years late4 Park Victoria - but Burton told him where to look! Speke
returned to the Niger and tried to reach the east told everyone that he alone had discovered the Nile
coast. His boat hit a rock, and natives attacked source. Burton was angry with Speke.
Park's men with spears. Park jumped into the The lg6'sSpeke and James Grant travelled to the head of LakeVictoria. They were sure they had found the source of
Richard Burton entered the Muslim* city of Harrar in the Nile. Then they disappeared. Samuel Baker and
Somalia. He was the first European to leave it alive! his wife, Florence, went to look for them. The Bakers
He went into the desert for four months, and was hit discovered another lake. They called it 'Lake Albert'
in the face by a Somali spear. He also wrote a book: after Queen Victoria's husband.
First FooFteps in East Africa.
Let's call itAlbert.
(E-\',:&Complete the text about David Livingstone with the
past simple of these verbs. carry discover disappear +erfi-become shoot receive hate
David Livingstone (l I | 3- I 873)
River in 1851. In 1866, he went to look for the sourceof the Ni le. (Another one!)
Whi le he was explor ing, Liv ingstone6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . for months. People thought hewas dead. An American newspaper reporter, HenryStanley, went to look for him. lt took him over a year.He found him in a smal l v i l lage in 1871. He walked upto him and said, 'Doctor Liv ingstone, I presume*! ' He7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a good fr iend of Liv ingstone's andthey travelled together to Lake Tanganyika in 1872.
When Livingstone died in 1873, his followers8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . h is body 2,500 ki lometres to thecoast. The journey took five months, and ten mendied on the way. Livingstone was a hero to the British,and they put his body in Westminster Abbey*in London.
Livingstone was a Scottish doctor. He 1 ......1€:2.1.n4.4......Afr ican languages and spent many years l iv ing inAfrica. He loved Africa, but he was also worried aboutthe people there. He 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . the slave trade,and spent a lot of t ime tel l ing the Bri t ish about i t .
In 1843 Livingstone 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a l ion but, beforeit died, it almost destroyed his left arm. Livingstoneput maggots on his arm to eat the dead flesh!Livingstone was often ill with malaria. He was the firstperson to use a thermometer to learn his bodytemperature. He also 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 'quinine'- a medicine which was good against malar ia. l t st i l lsaves lives today.
Livingstone 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a gold medal for crossingAfrica from west to east. He discovered the Zambesi
f :z:-
|$Wtrictr words have these meanings?
1 The meat on your body.
t r t r t r t rw2 A round metal thing that people get when they do something good.
r f f iT t r t r3 A l i t t le fat white animal with no legs.
t r f f iT t rTN4 To go down under the water and die.
T f f i T T I5 A thin glass thing that doctors use to check a patient's temperature.
f f i N T t r T t r T N T T T
'S*wtrictr part of Livingstone isburied in Africa?The letters in the shaded boxestel lyou.
lt's his h
Pensonal Pnoject- Did your country have anyfamous land explorers in the past?Which countries did they visit?What did they do there?- Find out more about one ofthem.
* What is it in your language?Find out!
Flot'Gnce Nightingale: the ladg ulith the lampIn the 19th century in England, rich women did not usually 9o out to work'
They stayed at home with their families. But some women wanted a
different life. They wanted to learn new things and help people.Florence Nightingale was one of these women'
{$*ru"t.tr the questions about Florence Nightingale with the answers.
a Where was she born? b Why is she famous?
c When did she die? C When was she born?
e Why do people call her the 'lady with the lamp'?
r W.h p-n..vv.a.e..shp-'Vp-r.n?.
l n 1820.
In Florence, ltaly (but her father and mother were British).
" . . . . . . . . ' ' . . . . ?
She was a fantastic nurse*.
. . . . . . . . ' . ' ' . . . ?
She took a lamp around with her when she was in the hospital '
l n 1 9 1 0 .
2J complete the text about Florence's life with these words
TIMESAVER BRITISH HISTORY HIGHLIGHTS @ MARY GLASGOW MAGAZINES, AN TMPRINT OF SCHOLASTIC INC'
food countries 1ngry dirtYstudent books hospital job
I
Flonence Nightingale
Florence was from a rich family. At first, her mother
and father were 1 . . . . .a.nLW... . . . . . . . because she
wanted to study. They wanted her to marry a rich
man. But she read a lot of 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' about
nursing, and she went to see hospitals in London'
ln the end her father said, 'You can go to Germany
to study nursing, but don't tell anyone!' Florence
was a very good 3 ........... After Germany,
she got an important 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in a
London hospital.
In 1854, the Crimean War* began. The wounded*
Bri t ish soldiers* went to a 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . in
Turkey. Florence went there with 38 nurses. The
hospital was very 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The men
never washed. Hundreds of people slept in eachroom. There wasn't any food. A lot of men diedfrom illness* or infection*. Florence changedeverything. Soon the hospital was clean, and therewas 7 . . . . . . . . . . . to eat. She walked around
the hospital for hours at night, always with her lamp'
Florence saved thousands of lives. People from
dif ferent 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . fo l lowed her ideas,and more and more women wanted to be nurses.
Florence was often ill, but she was ninety years old
when she died. Today, people stil l read her booksabout nursing. There are also'Florence Night ingale'hospitals in many different countries.
,$ l-ite was not easy for nurses during the Crimean war. Florence is talking to a newnurse. Complete her sentences with must or mustnt.
2 4
You .........11h.U 9.rt.........work hard.
:i:*:,.*JJoin the sentence halves in the lamps to learn more about Florence. Write the sentences.
.F-l or eno e..n eu.er. .h a d . a..hu?ha n d,1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
*What is it in yourlanguage? Find out!
TIMESAVER BRITISH HISTORY HIGHLIGHTS @ MARY GLASGOW MAGAZINES, AN IMPRINT OF SCHOLASTIC INC.
PersonalPnoject
- Did your country haveany famous doctors ornurses in the past?What did they do?- Choose one of themand find out moreabout him or her.
r
Il {
Clizabeth Frg: a life of good utonkSuatch the words and pictures with their meanings.
1 blanket 2 cell
a a bui lding to keep bad PeoPle in
b to make clothes by hand
c to kill someone with a rope round their neck
d to take something without asking or paying for it
e you put this over you to keep warm in bed
f this man or woman stops prisoners from leaving prison
g a room in prison for a prisoner to stay in
n r i a ,nn. . . . , . , , . . . H . 1 . l . v . v . r . , r . . . . . . . . . .
ffineaO the text on page 33 and write lrue or False?
1 Elizabeth Fry had three children.
2 She visited women in Prison.
3 Each woman prisoner had her own room.
4 Elizabeth believed in helping prisoners to start new lives'
5 She bel ieved in hanging.
6 She helped homeless peoPle.
7 She went to the Crimea with Florence Nightingale.
8 Queen Victoria didn't help Elizabeth'
TIMESAVER BRITISH HISTORY HIGHLIGHTS @ MARY GLASGOW MAGAZINES, AN IMPRINT OF SCHOLASTIC INC'
I
A4+*
s€lizabeth Fng: ITAO- lA45
Elizabeth was the daughter of a Quaker banker.Quakers are Christians*. They believe in a simple*church, and they bel ieve in helping poor people.ln '1800 Elizabeth married Joseph Fry, a Londonmerchant*. They had eight chi ldren, but El izabethstill helped the poor. She was interested in prisoners.
Prisoners often became ill in prison at that time.When Elizabeth first visited Newgate (the biggestLondon prison) she found 300 women and theirchi ldren in four cel ls. Pr isoners slept on thefloor without nightclothes or blankets.Women cooked, washed, and slept inthe same cell. Elizabeth went backthe next day with food and clothes.
In 1816 El izabeth started a school forpr isoners' chi ldren. She also taught womenprisoners to read and sew. She wantedthem to get jobs and start new liveswhen they came out of prison. Shevisited different prisons in Britain,and she talked to people in theBritish government*. Slowly Britishprisons became better. By the 1820sshe was famous for her prison work.
At that time the British hanged people for stealingclothes or food. Elizabeth thought this was wrongand tr ied to stop hanging. El izabeth also helpedpeople with no homes. In 1840 she started a Londonschool for nurses. Fry nurses were very good. FlorenceNight ingale took some of them with her to helpin Bri t ish hospitals in the Crimean War. QueenVictoria was interested in Elizabeth's work andgave her money to help her. When Elizabethdied, thousands of poor people were very sad.
-:i,i:tit::,u
1
2
3
4
5
'iffiWtrere can you see a picture of Elizabeth Fry today? Complete the sentences and find out.
Before Elizabeth Fry changed things, prisoners slept o n the floor.
The second letter of 'hanging' is _
Two and three are
The money in Bri tain is the Answer:
One day Elizabeth left a _ for her husband at home.
It said 'l 've gone to Newgate.'
$Write -ed or -ing to complete the adjectives.
1 Elizabeth was interest..Q.d... in helping people.
2 She didn't have a bor.......... l ife. lt was full of activity.
3 She was sometimes tir.......... because she was busy.
4 She had some excit.......... ideas about changing prisoners' lives.
5 Queen Victoria thought Elizabeth's work was interest.......... .
6 The prisoners were bor.......... until she taught them to sew and read.
7 When she started her new school, she felt excit.......... .
8 Some of her days were very long and 1ir.......... .
p_n
Pensonal Pnoject- Which famous people haveappeared on your country'smoney or its stamps?- Find out more about one ofthem.
4 What three violent things did the suffragettes do?
Who were these peoPle?a Emmeline Pankhurst
b Herbert Asquith
c Emily Wilding Davison
d Lady Astor
5 What did British women do during the First World War?
voTESF O R
WOrvtEN
TIMESAVER BRITISH HISTORY HIGHLIGHIS @ MARY GLASGOW MAGAZINES, AN IMPRINT OF SCHOLASTIC INC'
1832: Ordinary British men get the vote.The women don'tl
1867= 1,499 people ask for votes for women'
The Bri t ish Parl iament* saYs'No'.
1897: A society* is started in London.They are 'suffragists'- PeoPle who
want votes for women.
1903: Emmeline Pankhurst starts a society in
Manchester. The women in it are called'suffragettes'. They want votes for
women too, but are more violent*than the suffragists.
1905: The suffragettes interrupt* a politician
while he is speaking. They refuse to pay
the f ine*, and theY go to Prison.
1908: Herbert Asquith becomes Prime Minister*.
He does not agree with votes for women'
1909: The suffragettes attack importantbui ldings and break shoP windows.
1910: November 19th (Black Fr iday). 120 people
are arrested* at a 'Women's Votes' meeting'
Many are hurt in fights with the police.
1913: The suffragettes become more violent. They
destroy pictures in museums and burn down
buildings. They go to prison and refuse to eat'
Suffragette Emily Wilding Davison throws
herself in front of the king's horse at the
Epsom Derby (a bi9 English horse race).
She dies from her injuries.
1914: The First World War begins' British mengo away to fight, so British women start
working in offices, factories and farms.
1918: The War ends. British women over 30 aregiven the vote. Things are happening!
1919: Lady Astor becomes the first British
woman MP (Member* of Parliament).
1928: All British women over 21 are given
the vote - at last!
1969: All British men and women over'18 are given the vote.
@-$fnere are five scrambled words in the text. Read it and unscramble them.
The Cat and Mouse ActMany of the suffragettes who went to prison went on 'hunger strike'-they stopped eating. To keep the women 1 (evali) ....a!.i.Ue......,theBritish Government made a new law. People called it'The Cat andMouse Act' because it was like a cat playing with a mouse beforeit 2 (li lsk) it. Under this law when a woman was onhunger strike, prison doctors could put a rubber tube* into her3 (umhot) and give her food through it. lf awoman became ill, she was sent home. When she was wellagain, she had to go back to pr ison. Emmeline Pankhurstwas in pr ison 4 (el tvew) t imes in 1912because of this act! To avoid the Cat and Mouse Act,some women left England and went 5 (odaarb)
. Christabel Pankhurst, Emmeline'sdaughter, went to Paris.
$ Wn"t did they say? Write the verbs in the sentences.
1 lf they ..d.onl.I..Oly.e.. (not, give) us the vote, we'.1.1..hreak........ (break) lots of windows. (Emmeline Pankhurst)
2 lf these women .. (not, eat), we .. (make) them eat! (a prison doctor)
3 | ........................... (noVbe) happy if they .. (not give) us the vote soon. (a suffragist)
4 l f we . . (not get) the vote, | . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0ump) in front of the King's horse! (Emily Wilding Davison)
5 Those women never ............ (receive) the vote if they (act) so stupidly. (Herbert Asquith)
5 lf my wife .............. (go) to prison, I ........................... (be) very upset. (the husband of a suffragette)
$oio you know?There was one place in Britain where women got the vote sooner - in 1881. lt 's an island.Take out the people's names and find the name of the place.
e m m e l i n e p a n k h u r s t t h e h e r b e r t a s q u i t h i s l e e m i l y w i l d i n g d a v i s o n o f l a d y a s t o r m a n c h r i s t a b e l p a n k h u r s t
Pensonal Pnoject- Do ordinary men in your countryhave the vote? Since when? Whatabout women?- Find out more about the historyof voting in your country.
* What is it in your language? Find out!
ITheg caned fon Pool'uonkcPs
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
the opposite of south n P r t' h
these people buy and sell things
countries
these people work for a rich person without pay -
a small town -
these people work for somebodY
people make things in this bui lding - -
the opposite of north
complete the text about william wilberforce with words 1-4 from
activity 1. complete the text about George cadbury with words 5-8.
ffiUr"a.tr the words in the bar of chocolate w1h their meanings.
[t.4.'v
I
a)
o
William WilbenfoFc€ (1759- I833)
This isn't right!
-:4
C-
c^-) + Ax G 9
\ sold people.They went to
Africa. They Put
oG boats took black slaves to the West Indies and
J North America. These countries were British
d ......................... at the time' Many slaves died
slave traders. In 1807, the British Parliament made a
law* to stop people buying and selling slaves' But rich
white people in the West lndies didn't care about the
British law. They wanted cheap workers' Slave traders
still sold black slaves to them.
Just before Wilberforce died, the British Parliament
made a new law. lt stopped people keeping slaves
in al l Br i t ish lands.
a ?:e-ffi
V;E?;\ :
En/ - - / :. . . . . - > ? .
4_l, t
li o"";*;; peopreea W= poorAfrican peopleT Z ri ft \-- onto their boats and took( € l
' \ r r \ \ \ F - - r ^ - r r L ^ . ,
; ' 2 z. them back to England' TheY
7--) '-
sold them to rich white people there' Some
OC<3-
e J 1
William Wilberforce came from a rich family in
Hull - in the a ......t1.0-[1h...... of England. He had
many important friends. One of them was the
Prime Minister* William Pitt. When Wilberforce
was 21 he became a Member of Parliament'*
ln those days rich people in Britain had b ...'.."""""""""'
to do work for them. Slave c bought and
7,o,<D
W
ra'ousmen GF
Geonge Cadbung ( l439- lgeZ)
George Cadbury and his family made chocolate.They had a smal l chocolate e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . inBirmingham. George was a good man. He talkedto the f ......................... in his factory and he listened totheir problems. Many rich people said, 'Poor peopledon't want to work. They like living in small, dirtyhouses!' George Cadbury didn't believe this, so hedecided to help his workers.
Cadburyopened a newfactory atBournevi l le.
It was in thecountry, 9 .........................
of Birmingham. Near the newfactory there was a h .........................
with new houses in it for the workers.They were small houses but they were
clean. Every house had a garden. lt was a greatidea. The workers at the Bourneville factory workedbetter because they were happier there.
People came from different countries to visitBourneville. Soon, houses for workers got betterin many other places. And today Cadbury's chocolateis famous around the world!
aI
g
0I
aa0
, ri-^
ff) Read the texts about Wilberforce and Cadbury again. Correct the false words in these sentences.
1 William Wilberforce came from Ri.mingfiffi
2 He worked hard to help slave traders.
3 The British Parliament made a law to stop people buying and selling sugar.
4 Just after Wilberforce died, a new law stopped people keeping slaves.
5 George Cadbury came from Hull.
6 He had a sugar factory.
7 He didn't listen to his workers.
8 Workers at Bourneville had dirty little houses.
.&r
ffiLook at these sentences. Complete the rules with so or because. RulesCadbury did not believe this, so he decided to help his workers.
this came first * this came secondThey worked better; because they were happier.this came second <i- this came first
.di&
ffiComplete these sentences with so or because.
1 Cadbury wanted to help ..........Q.a........ he gave his workers better houses.
2 Cadbury's chocolate is famous it's good.
3 lt was a long way to America many slaves got il l and died.
4 People wanted slaves ....................... they were cheap workers.
5 Wilberforce died happy the law stopped people keeping slaves.
6 Wilberforce came from a rich family his money helped him.
I the word ....................... answers thequestion'what happened next?'
2 the word ....................... answers thequest ion'why?'
Pensonal Pnoject- Did any famous people helppoor workers in your country?How did they do this?- Choose one of these people andfind out more about them.
Theg helpcd goung P€oPleffi$oir.us these questions. What do you think?
iru."ffi fVlatctr the underlined words in the text with theirmeanings.
1 this group of people fights for their country on land
@rmv2 guarded from attack - -O-
3 different countries fight together in this - -O
4 the most important - -O- -
5 people or animals leave these signs when they walk
i n t h e c o u n t r y - - - - O -
6 started to fight suddenly O- -O
7 this is a beautiful, expensive precious stone
o-8 these people go in front of an army to bring back
news Ov -
,*)nead the text quickly and find answers to€J/
ffiWn", language - close to Dutch - do Boers speak?- Write the letters in the circles in order to find it'
A _ _
12345
What are the 'Boy Scouts'?When did the 'Boy Scouts' start?Why did the 'Boy Scouts' start?Who started the 'Boy Scouts'?How many countries have Boy Scouts today?
the questions.
TIMESAVER BRITISH HISTORY HIGHLIGHTS @ MARY GLASGOW MAGAZINES, AN IMPRINT OF SCHOLASTIC INC
Lond * Baden Pouell
When Robert Baden Powell was 19, he went into the British
army. They sent him to South Africa during the Boer War.
The Boers were people from Holland. They didn't like the
British taking their land in Africa. (There were diamond
mines* therel) 5o they started a war against Britain.
One of Baden Powell's jobs in South Africa was to work
with black African scouts. He taught them to understand
tracks in the grass, and other things. In 1899 he wrote a
book about scouting for them.
In 1900 the Boers attacked the town of Mafeking. Baden
Powell defended the town against them. He had only 1,251
men and the Boers had 9,000. But Baden Powell defended
Mafeking for 271 days until help arrived.
When Baden Powell went back to Britain, he was surprised.
Lots of English boys liked his book on scoutingl He wrote a
new book Scouting for Boys for them in 1907, and started
the'Boy Scouts' in 1908. Baden Powell was the Chief Scout.
He became Lord Baden Powell in 1929. There are Scouts in
over 76 countries in the world today.
(a47- rs4l )
f"torr t"n Ol
5JWrite questions in the past about Baden Powell using these words..-r'
1 whaVdo/when/be/19?
2 where/they/send him?
3 who/work with/there?
4 which town/the Boers/attack/in 1900?.
5 how many men/Baden Powell/have?
5 how long/defend/the town?
7 when/starVthe'Boy Scouts'?
8 whaUbecome/in 1929?
QlRead the text again and answer your questions'
!nead about Lord Shaftesbury. Mark the sentences below T (true) or F (false).
Lond Shaftesbung ( l 80 | ' l 885)
Lord Shaftesbury came from a rich family,but he was an unhappy chi ld. He hated school.When he was older he went into Parl iament*and he did a lot to help poor people.
At the time many poor children had to work forvery little money and in the poorest, dirtiest jobs.
Some worked cleaning chimneys*, others workedin mines. Shaftesbury helped stop this.
Young children didn't have to work any more.They went to school to learn. Shaftesbury alsohelped to get a ten-hour working day. (Before
that, some people worked al l day and night!)
Shaftesbury Avenue* in London getsits name from this great man.
Pensonal Pnoject- Did any famous people help chi ldren in your country? What did they do?- Choose one of these people and find out more about him or her'
5
6
* What is it in your language?Find out!
TIMESAVER BRITISH HISTORY HIGHLIGHTS @ MARY GLASGOW MAGAZINES, AN IMPRINT OF SCHOLASTIC INC
did you start in
f"to" t"n @l
Famous fightensffiur" the clues to complete the
crossword with the words fromthe box.
admiral battle captai n gthedraf-invade telescope victory
1 a big, important church2 when you look through this,
far things seem near3 an important officer in the navY*4 a big fight5 the most important person on
a ship5 when fighters go into a country
to win that country7 the moment when you win a war ffiWh"t was Admiral Nelson's first name? Find it in the completed
crosswordl1
TIMESAVER ERITISH HISTORY HIGHLIGHTS @ MARY GLASGOW MAGAZINES. AN IMPRINT OF SCHOLASTIC INC.
i
Adminal Nelson (175A- l8O5)
Nelson was a great sailor. At 21 he had his own ship.
Then Britain went to war with the French leader
Napoleon. Nelson lost his right eye in the Battle
of Corsica. But he was a good captain and
soon became an admiral. He lost his rightarm in the Battle of Tenerife. ln 1789 he
destroyed nearly all the French ships in
the Battle of the Nile. In the 1790s Nelsonstopped fighting for a while to visit hisgirlfriend, Lady Hamilton, in Naples'
In the Battle of Copenhagen, Nelson was orderered
to take his ship out of danger. (Ships sent orders
using flags in those days. They were calledsignals.) Nelson put his telescope to his blind*
eye, and said 'l really do not see the signal' 'He stayed, fought, and won the battle.
In 1805 Nelson was sent to stop Napoleon,who was invading Britain. ln the Battleof Trafalga4 Nelson's 27 ships fought 33French and Spanish ships. Nelson won the
battle, and Britain was safe. But duringthe f ight ing a French sai lor shot him.Nelson died on his ship The Victory.They sent his body back to England.He was buried in Saint* Paul'sCathedral. Trafalgar Square in Londonwas built in memory of the battle.
I really do notsee the signal!
o-\{$ nead the text about Nelson. Complete these sentences with the correct names.
1 Nelson lost an eye at a sea battle near the French island of C o -r I J- L@.
5 Nelson died in the fY) o-Nelson lost an arm while he was attacking the French on the2
3
4
6
7
I
is land of
-o o-Nelson destroyed nearly all the French ships in the
In the - - - Cn Nelson did not follow orders.
Nelson's ship was the - -O-
Nelson was buried in
Nelson's girlfriend was
o-'o-
{pWtrat did they put Nelson's body in to take it to England?Put the letters in circles in activity 3 in order to find out.
,i$@neaa the text about Wellington.Complete these sentences with the correct names.
1 Napoleon escaped from the island of E -L@a.
2 Napoleon didn't escape from the island of E---tr t t .
In 1815 Well ington won the Batt le of --tr---@Napoleon lost the war against
Bri tain sent an army to help the
Wellington's cleverest enemy was
3
4
5
5
n in 1814.
_mand f)
v -f ight Napoleon.
The Duke of Wellington (1769- l85a)When Napoleon invaded Spain and Portugal,Britain sent their best general, Wellington, toPortugal with a big army. They wanted to helpthe Portuguese and Spanish people.
In 1812 Napoleon sent most of his army to invadeRussia. Wellington attacked the French who werestill in Spain and they soon went back to France.In 1814 Napoleon lost the war against Russia.He was sent to the island of Elba.
When Napoleon escaped from Elba, Wellingtonwent to attack him. ln 1815, in the Battle ofWaterloo in Belgium, Napoleon fought Wellingtonand lost. Napoleon was sent to the island of SaintHelena. He did not escape this time. Wellingtonreturned to Britain and was made a Duke.
ffiUse the letters in circlesand squares in activity 5.Complete the sentence inthe picture of Wellington.
Two things in Bri tainare named after me andmy most famous battle:
Wel l ington
@oooand
Waterloo
Pensonal Pnoject- Were there any famous army or navy fighters in your country?What battles did they win or lose?- Find out more about one of them.
