IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY IN
SOUTH EAST ASIA
ICT and Development Section
ICT and Disaster Risk Reduction Division
Asia-Pacific Information Superhighway Steering Group Meeting & 7th
Meeting of the Working Group on the Asian Highway Network
Bangkok, 12-13 December 2017
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Outline:
1. South East Asia
a) Trends in broadband connectivity
b) Ongoing studies and way forward
2. South and South-West Asia
a) Trends in broadband connectivity
b) Key Issues for policymakers
3. North and Central Asia & East & North-
East Asia
a) Trends in broadband connectivity
b) Main findings from ESCAP studies in the subregions
2
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Trends in Fixed-Broadband connectivity
3
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database (2017).
0
10
20
30
40F
ixed
-bro
ad
ban
d s
ub
. p
er 1
00
in
hab
itan
ts
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Year
Africa ASEAN
ESCAP Europe
North America Latin America & Caribbean
ESCAP excl. ASEAN
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
4
Data source: ITU. (2016). World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database. Available from: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
AfghanistanTurkmenistan
TajikistanTimor-Leste
Kiribati
Papua New GuineaSolomon Islands
MyanmarLao P.D.R.CambodiaPakistan
NepalIndonesiaSamoaIndiaFiji
Vanuatu
Marshall IslandsTonga
BangladeshSri LankaMicronesiaPhilippines
BhutanUzbekistanKyrgyzstan
PalauMaldives
MongoliaBrunei Darussalam
Viet NamMalaysiaThailandArmenia
TuvaluIran (I.R.)Turkey
KazakhstanGeorgia
French Polynesia
ChinaRussian Federation
AzerbaijanNew Caledonia
SingaporeAustralia
Macao, ChinaJapan
New ZealandHong Kong, China
Korea (Rep.)
Fixed Broadband Penetration Rates (per 100)
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
5
Trends in Mobile- Broadband connectivity
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database (2017).
0
50
100
150
Mo
bil
e-b
road
band s
ub. per
100 i
nhabit
ants
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Year
Africa ASEAN
ESCAP Europe
North America Latin America & Caribbean
ESCAP excl. ASEAN
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
6
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Kiribati
Brunei Darussalam
Afghanistan
Papua New Guinea
India
Samoa
Turkmenistan
Solomon Islands
Tajikistan
Pakistan
Bangladesh
Lao P.D.R.
Sri Lanka
Iran (I.R.)
Nepal
French Polynesia
Uzbekistan
Tonga
Myanmar
Kyrgyzstan
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Armenia
Vanuatu
Philippines
Indonesia
Cambodia
Fiji
Georgia
Turkey
China
Bhutan
Kazakhstan
Azerbaijan
Maldives
Russian Federation
Thailand
Mongolia
Malaysia
Hong Kong, China
Korea (Rep.)
Australia
New Zealand
Japan
Singapore
Macao, China
Mobile Broadband Penetration Rates (per 100)
Data source: ITU. (2016). World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database. Available from: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Broadband Affordability
7
0 5 10 15 20
Myanmar
Cambodia
Lao P.D.R.
Indonesia
Philippines
Thailand
Malaysia
Brunei Darussalam
Singapore
Price as % of GNI p.c.
0 1 2 3 4 5
Lao P.D.R.
Myanmar
Philippines
Indonesia
Thailand
Cambodia
Malaysia
Brunei Darussalam
Singapore
Price as % of GNI p.c.
Fixed Broadband Mobile Broadband
Source : Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU Measuring the Information Society Report
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Online services versus telecommunications infrastructure in South-
East Asia and developing countries in 2008 and 2014
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from the United Nations Public Administration Country Studies/E-Government Development Index Database (accessed
April 2016).
8
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Projected bandwidth demand
Source: ESCAP, “Updated Analysis of the Broadband Infrastructure in Asia Pacific”, 2016.
Projected
annual growth
2016-2020
Projected
Total growth
2016-2020
Share of
corporate data
in international
bandwidth
demand
2016
Share of
corporate data
in international
bandwidth
demand
2020
Share of
Internet in
international
bandwidth
demand
2016
Share of
Internet in
international
bandwidth
demand
2020
Cambodia +48.4% +385.6% 12.2% 11.9% 86.7% 87.8%
Indonesia +43.6% +325.6% 11.1% 11.2% 88.1% 88.5%
Lao P.D.R +57.3% +508.3% 13.9% 15.5% 83.3% 84.0%
Malaysia +45.6% +349.2% 22.9% 23.0% 76.3% 76.7%
Myanmar +53.7% +457.7% 11.8% 9.3% 88.2% 90.7%
Philippines +42.7% +314.2% 11.7% 11.7% 88.1% 88.2%
Singapore +34.6% +227.6% 9.6% 9.6% 90.1% 90.2%
Thailand +39.2% +275.7% 9.1% 13.0% 90.1% 87.0%
Viet Nam +44.7% +338.1% 8.6% 8.0% 91.4% 92.0%
Region +40.2% +286.2% 11.7% 12.6% 87.9% 87.3%
9
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Forecasted international bandwidth in
South East Asia – 2015-2026
10866
1439
49
15362
205257
218202974
67
30951
4289
76
42674
6037
88
58884
8492
102
81371
11787
116
111341
16234134
152167
22108155
208377
32833
179
285936
45372
207
393135
62796
241
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
Gbps
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Internet Corporate data
Voice
10
Source: ESCAP, “Updated Analysis of the Broadband Infrastructure in Asia Pacific”, 2016.
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Good submarine cable connectivity, but need more
• Asia Africa Europe-1 (AAE-1) : connect Europe, Africa, the Middle East and Asia(Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore and Viet Nam)
• Southeast Asia-US (SEA-US) : Manado (Indonesia), Davao (Southern Philippines), Piti (Guam), Honolulu and California (USA)
• Asia-Pacific Gateway (APG) : Malaysia, Singapore, Viet Nam, Hong Kong (China), Taiwan (China), Mainland China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea
• Some trans‐border terrestrial links are still weak or insufficient : eg. Lao PDR and the Yunnan Province of China; and Viet Nam and the Yunnan Province
• Insufficient Internet Exchange Point (IXP) and direct exchange of traffic, causing unnecessary routing of traffic through international transit, incurring costs as well as increasing latency and reducing speed
11
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
On going studies• ESCAP was invited to ASEAN Telecommunications Senior Officials
Meeting (TELSOM) in November 2016
- discussed the AP-IS pre-feasibility study findings on the ASEAN
subregion and the way forward
- Southern corridor to focus on digital economy and application level.
- Northern corridor of CLMV countries to focus on connectivity
• Update to the pre-feasibility study: ongoing
• Research on co-deployment of optical-fibre cables along with the
other infrastructure (especially Asian Highway)
- to promote cross-sectoral synergies, reducing time and costs in
developing broadband infrastructure
• ESCAP was invited to ASEAN Telecommunications Senior Officials
Meeting (TELSOM) in November 2017, Cambodia.
12
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY IN
SOUTH & SOUTH-WEST ASIA
ICT and Development Section
ICT and Disaster Risk Reduction Division
Asia-Pacific Information Superhighway Steering Group Meeting & 7th
Meeting of the Working Group on the Asian Highway Network
Bangkok, 12-13 December 2017
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Outline:
1. Trends in broadband connectivity
2. Key Issues for policymakers
14
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
15
Trends in fixed broadband connectivity
0
10
20
30
40
Fix
ed-b
road
band s
ub. per
100 inhab
itants
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Year
Africa SSWA
ESCAP Europe
North America Latin America & Caribbean
ESCAP excl. South Asia
Fixed-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants by region, 2000-2016 (regional averages
weighted by population)
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database (2017).
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Trends in mobile broadband connectivity
16
Mobile-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
average by region, weighted by population
0
50
100
150
Mo
bil
e-b
road
ban
d s
ub
. p
er 1
00
in
hab
itan
ts
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Year
Africa SSWA
ESCAP Europe
North America Latin America & Caribbean
ESCAP excl. South Asia
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database (2017).
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Trends in broadband connectivity by counry
17
Fixed-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
(South & South-West Asia)
0.0
0.8
0.9
1.4
3.8
3.9
4.1
7.2
11.6
13.6
0 5 10 15Fixed-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
Afghanistan
Nepal
Pakistan
India
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Sri Lanka
Maldives
Iran (I.R.)
Turkey
14.3
16.8
17.8
18.3
20.1
30.8
33.8
47.9
66.8
72.7
0 20 40 60 80Mobile-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants
Afghanistan
India
Bangladesh
Sri Lanka
Pakistan
Nepal
Iran (I.R.)
Bhutan
Turkey
Maldives
Mobile broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants (South
& South-West Asia)
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database (2017).
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Disaster exposure and Fixed-broadband adoption in 2016
18
Sources: ESCAP based on ITU (2017) WTID and UNU-EHS (2015) World Risk Report, definition of disaster exposure index as well
as methodology are found at http://www.uni-stuttgart.de/ireus/Internationales/WorldRiskIndex/
010
20
30
40
50
Fix
ed-b
road
ban
d s
ub.
per
100 i
nhab
itan
ts
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60
Disaster exposure index (World Risk Report)
World South & South-West Asia
Fitted values
Turkey
Iran (I.R.)
Bhutan
Sri Lanka
Bangladesh
Afghanistan
IndiaNepal
Pakistan
05
10
15
Fix
ed
-bro
ad
ban
d s
ub
. p
er
10
0 i
nh
ab
itan
ts
0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30
Disaster exposure index (World Risk Report)
Fixed broadband development and natural disasters
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Disaster exposure and Mobile-broadband
access in 2016.
19
Mobile broadband development and natural disasters
0
100
200
300
Mo
bile
bro
ad
ba
nd
su
bsc
rip
tio
ns
pe
r 1
00
in
ha
bit
an
ts
0.0000 0.2000 0.4000 0.6000Disaster Exposure Index (World Bank)
Afgh
an
ist
an
Ba
ng
l ad
es
h
Bhu
ta
n
Ind
ia
I ra
n
(I.R. )
Nepa
lPa
ki st
an
Sr
i L
anka
Tu
rk
ey
0
20
40
60
80
Mo
bile
bro
ad
ba
nd
su
bsc
rip
tio
ns
pe
r 1
00
in
ha
bit
an
ts0.1000 0.1500 0.2000 0.2500 0.3000
Disaster Exposure Index (World Bank)
Sources: ESCAP based on ITU (2017) WTID
and UNU-EHS (2015) World Risk Report,
definition of disaster exposure index as well as
methodology are found at http://www.uni-
stuttgart.de/ireus/Internationales/WorldRiskIndex
/
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Expected demand for bandwidth requirements
20
326459946 471884355 6882126865
10079183577
14841
26839121771
3939106
32023
5661126
46946
7822149
68876
11329175
101049
15651
208
148018
21656
243
216426
30002
284
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
Gbps
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
South & South-West Asia : Forecasted international bandwidth, 2015-2026
Internet Corporate data
Voice
• Demand for
International
bandwidth
forecasted to
increase
significantly
for SSWA
countries.
Source: ESCAP based on “Updated Analysis of the Broadband Infrastructure in Asia Pacific”, by Michael Ruddy (2016),
http://www.unescap.org/sites/default/files/Updated%20Analysis%20of%20Broadband%20Infrastructure%20in%20AP.pdf
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Expected demand for bandwidth requirements
by country
21
0
50000
100000
150000
Gbps
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025year
India Pakistan
Iran (Islamic Rep. of) Bangladesh
Afghanistan Bhutan
Nepal Sri Lanka
By Country: Forecasted international bandwidth 2015-2026 • Top four
countries for
high demand
on int.
bandwidth:
India,
Pakistan, Iran
(IR), and
Bangladesh.
Note: Maldives
and Turkey not
included due to
missing data.
Source: ESCAP based on “Updated Analysis of the
Broadband Infrastructure in Asia Pacific”, by Michael Ruddy
(2016),
http://www.unescap.org/sites/default/files/Updated%20Analysi
s%20of%20Broadband%20Infrastructure%20in%20AP.pdf
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
2. Key Issues for policymakers
• Digital divide (fixed-broadband and mobile broadband) is
widening in SSWA.
• However, there have been good progress in some
countries
• Resilience of ICT infrastructure to natural disasters is
important in the subregion.
• Further concerted efforts would be needed for inclusive
broadband for all.
22
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY IN NORTH
AND CENTRAL ASIA &
EAST AND NORTH-EAST ASIA
ICT and Development Section
ICT and Disaster Risk Reduction Division
Asia-Pacific Information Superhighway Steering Group Meeting & 7th Meeting
of the Working Group on the Asian Highway Network
Bangkok, 12-13 December 2017
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Outline:
1. Trends in broadband connectivity
2. Main findings from ESCAP studies in the subregions
24
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Trends in Fixed-Broadband connectivity
25
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database (2017).
0.3 0.91.6
2.63.8
4.96.1
7.28.4
10.011.5
13.514.6
15.516.2
21.0
23.8
0.10.10.10.10.10.1 0.30.30.30.30.30.3 0.60.60.60.60.60.6 1.01.01.01.01.01.0 1.61.61.61.61.61.6 2.12.12.12.12.12.1 2.72.72.72.72.72.7 3.43.43.43.43.43.4 4.14.14.14.14.14.14.94.94.94.94.94.9
5.75.75.75.75.75.76.76.76.76.76.76.7 7.37.37.37.37.37.3 7.87.87.87.87.87.8 8.38.38.38.38.38.3
10.310.310.310.310.310.311.511.511.511.511.511.5
0
10
20
30
Fix
ed-b
roadban
d s
ubsc
riptions
per 100 inhabitan
ts
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016
Year
East & North-East Asia ESCAP
Pacific Developing Countries Pacific
South-East Asia North & Central Asia
South & South-West Asia
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
26
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
AfghanistanTurkmenistan
TajikistanTimor-Leste
Kiribati
Papua New GuineaSolomon Islands
MyanmarLao P.D.R.CambodiaPakistan
NepalIndonesiaSamoaIndiaFiji
Vanuatu
Marshall IslandsTonga
BangladeshSri LankaMicronesiaPhilippines
BhutanUzbekistanKyrgyzstan
PalauMaldives
MongoliaBrunei Darussalam
Viet NamMalaysiaThailandArmenia
TuvaluIran (I.R.)Turkey
KazakhstanGeorgia
French Polynesia
ChinaRussian Federation
AzerbaijanNew Caledonia
SingaporeAustralia
Macao, ChinaJapan
New ZealandHong Kong, China
Korea (Rep.)
Fixed Broadband Penetration Rates (per 100)
Data source: ITU. (2016). World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database. Available from: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
27
Trends in Mobile- Broadband connectivity
Source: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database (2017).
0.0 2.310.1 13.4
20.027.4
31.7
50.1
62.6
72.7
0.10.10.10.10.10.1 0.90.90.90.90.90.9 4.14.14.14.14.14.18.48.48.48.48.48.4
12.412.412.412.412.412.416.316.316.316.316.316.3
20.620.620.620.620.620.6
31.031.031.031.031.031.039.539.539.539.539.539.5
48.748.748.748.748.748.7
0
50
100
150
Act
ive
mobile-b
road
band s
ubsc
riptions
per
100 inhab
itan
ts (
Avera
ge)
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Year
East & North-East Asia ESCAP
Pacific Developing Countries Pacific
South-East Asia North & Central Asia
South & South-West Asia
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
28
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Kiribati
Brunei Darussalam
Afghanistan
Papua New Guinea
India
Samoa
Turkmenistan
Solomon Islands
Tajikistan
Pakistan
Bangladesh
Lao P.D.R.
Sri Lanka
Iran (I.R.)
Nepal
French Polynesia
Uzbekistan
Tonga
Myanmar
Kyrgyzstan
Timor-Leste
Viet Nam
Armenia
Vanuatu
Philippines
Indonesia
Cambodia
Fiji
Georgia
Turkey
China
Bhutan
Kazakhstan
Azerbaijan
Maldives
Russian Federation
Thailand
Mongolia
Malaysia
Hong Kong, China
Korea (Rep.)
Australia
New Zealand
Japan
Singapore
Macao, China
Mobile Broadband Penetration Rates (per 100)
Data source: ITU. (2016). World Telecommunication/ICT Indicators database. Available from: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/Statistics/Pages/publications/wtid.aspx
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
29
Broadband affordability in NCA
Source : Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU Measuring the Information Society Report
Fixed Broadband Mobile Broadband
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Broadband affordability and fixed
broadband subscriptions
30
Sources: Produced by ESCAP, based on data sourced from ITU World Telecommunications/ICT Indicators Database
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Regulations and Broadband Access
• There is a strong correlation between the perceptions on
quality of regulations (World Bank – World Governance
Indicators) and fixed-broadband subscriptions.
Better quality of
regulation
instills certainty
in an
investment
environment,
which
encourages
private
operators to
invest more.
31
Source: ESCAP. (2016). The State of ICT in Asia and the Pacific: Uncovering the Widening Broadband Divide.
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Online Services & Telecommunications
Infrastructure Indices
32
Source: ESCAP. (2016). The State of ICT in Asia and the Pacific: Uncovering the Widening Broadband Divide.
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Projected bandwidth demand in NCA
Projected
annual growth
2016-2020
Projected
Total growth
2016-2020
Share of
corporate data
in international
bandwidth
demand
2016
Share of
corporate data
in international
bandwidth
demand
2020
Share of
Internet in
international
bandwidth
demand
2016
Share of
Internet in
international
bandwidth
demand
2020
Azerbaijan 45.7% +350.2% 11.3% 12.5% 88.7% 87.4%
Kazakhstan 49.6% +399.5% 16.6% 16.7% 83.2% 83.3%
Kyrgyzstan 51.4% +423.3% 2.2% 5.1% 97.8% 94.9%
Russian Federation 38.0% +263.1% 34.5% 40.2% 65.2% 59.6%
Tajikistan 102.5% +1562.5% 12.5% 8.3% 87.5% 91.7%
Turkmenistan 132.7% +2700.0% 7.5% 8.9% 75.0% 91.1%
Uzbekistan 57.5% +508.0% 8.0% 11.5% 88.0% 86.1%
Region 40.9% +294.1% 29.9% 32.9% 69.8% 67.0%
Source: ESCAP, “Updated Analysis of the Broadband Infrastructure in Asia Pacific”, 2016.
33
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
Forecasted international bandwidth in
NCA– 2015-2026
5306
216433
7431
318037
10280
467343
14449
6831
51
20224
9843
58
28106
13796
67
39403
19152
78
54982
25879
90
76703
34976
104
107155
47341
119
149909
64194
136
209980
87167
158
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
Gbps
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
Forecasted international bandwidth in North and Central Asia, 2015-2026
Internet Corporate data
Voice
Source: ESCAP, “Updated Analysis of the Broadband Infrastructure in Asia Pacific”, 2016.
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
35
Broadband Drivers in developed in Rep. of
Korea and Japan.
Consistent & Strong Policies
• Government set up goal, directions, implementation frameworks and financing methods critical to the development of national ICT infrastructure.
• Take part in all processes of developing national infrastructure as a control tower from planning to implementation
Stimulating the participation from the private sector
• Initial demand generation and a rapid expansion of informatization in the public sector.
• Funding via Public-Private Partnership (PPP), especially in rural area.
• well-balanced virtuous cycle between supply-side and demand-generating policies
Promoting Market competitions
• Encouraged market competition using liberalizing market entry
• Ease entry restriction for new entrants and to formulate an environment for fair competition, such as enhancing regulation on Interconnection and Infrastructure sharing
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
A Study on the Belt and Road initiative to connect
China and Central Asia
36
Logical Network Topology in China-Central Asia
To connect countries
along the Belt and
Road, Kazakhstan
and Urumqi are
selected to be the
core nodes for both
intra- and inter-
corridor connectivity,
because of their
strong international
connectivity
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
A Study on the Belt and Road initiative to connect
China and Central Asia
37
Physical Network Topology in China-Central Asia
Two cross-border
fibre-optic routes in
this topology are not
currently present
- Pakistan-Urumqi
- Azerbaijan-
Kazakhstan.
IMPROVING REGIONAL BROADBAND CONNECTIVITY THROUGH THE
ASIA-PACIFIC INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY
38
Thank you
Email: [email protected]