Broadband wireless applications for emergency communications · Data Communication Purpose...

Broadband wireless applications for

emergency communications

2006. 12. 14

NamKyung

LEE

Global Area Wireless Technology Research GroupRadio and Broadcasting Research Laboratory

ITU/ESCAP Regional Workshop on Disaster Communications

1::: ETRI, The Future Wave ::: ETRI Proprietary

Contents

1.

Overview ------------------2

2.

Korean Status ---------------12

3.

Technical Review -----------19

4.

Conclusions ----------------33


What are applications? (1/4)◈Ratio between Voice and Data = 60:40◈Ratio between Wire and Wireless = 60:40◈ (This is the only ratio of number of systems, not bandwidth)◈ (This is the only statistics in Korea, not world-wide) ◈ (But Data and Wireless are increasing)◈Voice Communication Purpose Applications

1. Overview

Voice Communication Purpose

19%

16%

15%11%

39%Disaster Prevention

Disaster Recovery

Forest Communication

Comm. Out of Office

Others


What are applications? (2/4)◈Data Communication Purpose Applications

◈Others of voice comm. are emergency calls, railway, airport, ocean traffic management, poaching detection, parking management, …

◈Others of data comm. are forest fire surveillance, railway, airport, quarantine, location tracking, …

( variety of applications)

1. Overview

Data Communication Purpose

38%

29%

20%

13%

Disaster Messages

Daily Work

Information Gathering

Others


What are applications? (3/4)◈Korean police recently began a short data service such as

criminal search using TETRABeginning of data service means data application will increase more in near future

◈MESA (broadband Mobility for Emergency and Safety Applications) Scenario

Day-by-Day: routine scenarios present in everyday life (like monitoring, surveillance…) that have high predictability and require an ordinary operational resources deployment (in terms of personnel and means allocated)Emergency: specific events characterized by medium predictability (that imply the acknowledgement of factors of possible danger) and require additional operational resource deploymentDisaster: specific, unpredictable events that require extra-ordinary (national, international) operational resource deployment

1. Overview


What are applications? (4/4)◈MESA Applications

Criminal justice services: Automated criminal history and low enforcement records systems and providersEmergency management or disaster recovery agenciesHealth services: Emergency Medical Services (EMS), Disaster MedicineFire servicesLand and natural resource management: Wildlife managementSearch and rescue activitiesCoast guard servicesAirport/stations/tube/… securityHumanitarian assistanceHazardous materials and related public safety servicesCorrectional institutionsTransportation

1. Overview


What are communication technologies? (1/6)◈Satellite (in Korea)

Observation - KOMPSAT series (1/2/…), COMS (Communication, Oceanic and Meteorological Satellite)Communication

1. Overview

Name Frequency (GHz) World-Wide Korea

UHF <1Search And RescueMilitary

-

(DMB, …)

L 1~2 MSS, DMB, … -

(Cellular)

S 2~4 MSS, DMB, … SDMB, …

C 4~8 Commercial, … -

X 8~12Military, Fixed and Mobile Communication, …

Koreasat5(Military)

Ku 12~18Fixed Satellite Service, Mobile Satellite Service

Koreasat(2)/3/5 -

DBS, DTH

K 18~27 Fixed Satellite Service, Mobile Satellite Service

Koreasat3COMS (2008 Launch)Ka 27~40

V 40~75 Experimental -


What are communication technologies? (2/6)◈Terrestrial

CDMA2000CDMA2000, GSM(GPRS, UMTS), …WiFi - 802.11, WiMAX – 802.16 (WiBroWiBro – 802.16e), MBWA (802.20)Bluetooth, UWB, ZigBeeTETRA Release1TETRA Release1(/2), Project25(/34), TETRAPOL, …

◈BroadcastingDigital Video Broadcasting (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting in Korea)But not described more in this presentation

1. Overview


What are communication technologies? (3/6)◈ International Examples

CRIES (Communication Recovery In Emergency Situation)CRIES (Communication Recovery In Emergency Situation): A satellite based system for communication recovery and monitoring in emergency situation and natural disaster, Jean-Didier Gayrard and Nicolas Chuberre, 2002,IMT2000

1. Overview



SUITED(multi-segment System for broadband Ubiquitous access to InTErnet services and Demonstrator)

UMTS, GPRS, W-LAN, and Ka band SatellitePredecessor of FIFTH

1. Overview



Using Wireless LAN

1. Overview



A lot of European examples (in the web)REMSAT (Real-time Emergency Management via Satellites)Telemedicine

» Distributed Environment for Medical Simulation projects: MULTIMED» Emergency Consultation projects: SECOM, IEMN, MIST, DELTASS (Mobile Field Hospital

and Search and Rescue component), TELANY (Emergency component), I-DISCARE, NESA» Tele-consultation projects: SHARED, EUROMEDNET, RCST» Clinical Research projects: WEBGMS » Access to Patient Multimedia Data Base projects: HERMES, TELANY (Medtronic

component) » Continuing Medical Education projects: EMN, SANTTSUR, MAYFLOWER, SM@RT,

SKYMED, HPS IN SURGERY, HPS IN HOME

···

1. Overview


2. Korean Status

National Communication Systems for Disaster (1/2)◈Analysis by Usage

Alarm Alerting Systems are more than 45%

Monitoring systems are more than 31%.

More than 60% are using wired infra.

(ETRI Analysis with NEMA, 2006)

* NEMA: National Emergency Management Agency

0.0%

2.0%

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

10.0%

12.0%

14.0%

16.0%

18.0%

20.0%

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2. Korean Status

National Communication Systems for Disaster (2/2)◈Categorized Analysis by Area

Busan

Kye

ongGi

KangWon

ChungCheong

JeonRa

Kye

ongSang M onitoring

Fire C om m unicationVideo C om m unicationVideo M onitoringAlarm Alerting

0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

Monitoring•Information at the terminal is important

•Sort as two type, Video and SCADA according to Bandwidth properties

Alarm Alerting• Broadcasting Nature

Communication•Symmetrical Information Flow

•Sort as Fire and Video according to applications

Communication Infra Communication Infra for Authorities to for Authorities to Citizen is dominantCitizen is dominant


2. Korean Status

National Satellite Communication Systems for Disaster (1/3)◈Disaster Communication Usage

Organization : NEMAService : voice, facsimile and data transmissionMultiple Access : TDMA in two-way

14GH

z Ban

d


2. Korean Status

National Satellite Communication Systems for Disaster (2/3)◈Disaster Monitoring Usage

Organization : NEMAService : ImagesMultiple Access : TDMA in two-way

C SIS R ack

D S/C D M A복조기

(C D M ) # 1

송신데이터처리기(TD P)


(C D M ) ...


(C D M ) # 4

자원관리기(R SM )

수신데이터처리기(RD P)

수신 IF 유니트 (R IFU )

클럭/타이밍

트래픽

시그널링


2. Korean Status

National Satellite Communication Systems for Disaster (3/3)◈Civil Defense Alarm Usage

Organization : NEMAService : Alarms

◈Communication Network Backup UsageOrganization : MOGAHA (Ministry Of Government Administration andHome Affairs)Service : Government Communication Network Backup

◈KEPC (Korea Electric Power Corporation) uses SCADA for utility monitoring (power plant etc.)

◈KOWACO (Korea Water Resources Corporation) adopts SCADA for monitoring dams

◈…Disaster Communication system (NEMA) and Communication Backup system (MOGAHA) have same applications (Video Conference, Voice Communication Support, …), but not compatible


2. Korean Status

National Wireless Communication Systems for Disaster◈Most wireless communication equipment are operating in non-

standardized manner.

◈NEMA is trying to set up TETRA, a European standard, as a major voice wireless communication infra

TTA (Telecommunication Technologies Association), a Korean standardization organization, Standardized in 2003Tracing TETRA release 2


2. Korean Status

Future Needs Forecast of Satellite Communications for Disaster

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Disaster Systems

Voice Announcement System

Disaster Alarm Broadcasting

Civ il Defense Alarm

Automatic Rain Alarm

Vulnerable Area Alarm

Alarm Display

Radio Alarm

Video Monitoring

Rain Monitoring

W ater-level Monitoring

Video Communication

Fire Communication Network

O thers

Remote Video Monitoring Systems

Video Communication Systems

Fire Communication Network (Back-up, Interoperation with terrestrial systems)

Integrated Alarm Systems

Monitoring Systems except Video

(ETRI’s survey with NEMA, 2006)


2. Korean Status

Problem Statements of Satellite Communications for Disaster◈Expensive Equipment

About $50,000 (Ku) satellite comm. terminal$10,000 ~ 20,000 E1 class modem (?)$150 telephone modem

◈High Cost of Frequency LeaseAbout $50,000 (Ku)/MHz/Month$5,000 E1 line (?)About $30 telephone line

◈No Expert to operate and maintain systemsCities, District offices, etc only have 1 or 2 dedicated

◈Enhancing MobilityDigital SNG Vehicles

◈No Compatibility between systems used for similar purposes◈Enhancing Disaster Recovery Functionalities◈ (Interoperability)

NEMA is deploying Digital Trunked Radio Systems as TETRA


3. Technical ReviewTechnical Review

Considering the current problems◈Cost Problems

Low Cost SolutionStandardization also can be one of alternatives

Simple and Easy to UseCompact

◈MobilityMobile/Transportable/PortableAccelerated Processing and DeploymentQuick Installation and Tear-down (Minutes to Hours)

◈StandardizationCan encourage interoperability and lower cost

* ETRI is now trying to set up DVB-S/RCS as TTA (Telecommunication Technology Association) standard

◈ InteroperabilityWireless NetworksWire Networks



Considering Future Trends◈ IP Based Networks

Quality of Service

Considering COMS◈Fade Mitigation Techniques for Ka system

Adaptive Modulation (including MAC processing and Modulation Identification)Operating at Low SNR Environments


What is COMS?◈Objectives


Satellite Communication MissionSatellite Communication Mission

In-orbit verification of developed communication technologiesExperiment of wide-band multi-media communication service

Ocean Monitoring MissionOcean Monitoring Mission

Monitoring of marine environments around the Korean peninsulaProduction of fishery information (Chlorophyll, etc.)Monitoring of long-term/short-term change of marine ecosystem

Weather Monitoring MissionWeather Monitoring Mission

Continuous monitoring of imagery and extracting of meteorological productsEarly detection of special weather such as storm, flood, yellow sandMonitoring of long-term change of sea surface temperature and cloud


What is COMS?◈Satellite communication system of COMS consists of

multi-beam switching COmmunication Payload System (COPS), Satellite Geostationary orbit Control System (SGCS), Communication Test Earth System (CTES)

◈Expected to be used for disaster communication

Launch: At the end of 2008Frequency:Coverage: Korea

(South, North)Orbit: 128.2°EIRP: 58dBWG/T: 13dB/°K



What is COMS? ◈System Configuration


Terminal

Ka-band Active Payload

Internet

Distance Learning

Telemedicine

Communication Test Earth Station

Forest FireDeluge

Landslide

DowntwonDiaster

Volcano

Switch

Control Module

MultibeamReceive Antenna

MultibeamTransmit Antenna

Ka-band Satellite Switching Repeater

Beam switching function

Satellite Operation

Control Center

Satellite Ground Control Station

TTC

Government Communication Network

Public Communication Network

Vehicle Mounted

Central Earth StationTerminal

Telecommand/Telemetry


What is COMS?◈CTES Configuration (for the Multimedia Broadband Demonstration)



What is COMS? ◈CTES Performances

BER performanceInternet BER based on internet should be less than 10-6

Transmission Data RateInternet based forward link data rate

» Public Network : Max 35Msps, BPSK, QPSK» Government Communication Network : Max 5Msps, BPSK, QPSK

Internet based return link data rate » Public & Gov. Communication network : Max 4Msps, BPSK, QPSK

Operation PerformanceHub subsystem should be initialized within 10mins

AvailabilityLink availability should be more than 99.7% (Japan 99.8%)

System Life TimeCOMS System lifetime should be more than 10 years

Extensions of DVB-S and DVB-RCS standards




DVB-S/DSNG and DVB-RCS◈Assume High Reliability

Long Latency for re-connection (5~7 sec)Constant Bit Rate Assignment

◈Different formats between Forward and Return channelBecause of broadcasting purposeNeeds On Board Processing

◈Less Consideration of MobilityMust consider the possibility of interference

◈But the only standard that can adopt internationallyMobile RCS was discussed in the working group, only implementation guideline was updatedDVB-S2 now considering mobility, so there may be a update chancePPDR will be an attractive RCS application



Mobility◈Mobile Antenna

ETRI History (more than 10 years)

◈Transportable AntennaKey factor: Low costPatriot $30,000 (Mobile?), Advantech, …

◈Low Cost and Easiness Antenna (Auto-tracking, Position Sensing, …)

Broadcasting Antenna (successfully commercialized)

$300,000(?) $500(?)ETRI Trial ($70,000?)



Mobility◈Portable Terminal

Antenna (e.g. Microstrip Patch)Integrated Terminals

RF Components (Direct Conversion Receivers, HPA+BUC)High Performance Demodulator with reasonable complexityLow Power Baseband Processing (e.g. H/W DEMUX + IP_reassembly+ TS_Encapsulation)

Pow

er

Div

ider

90 Hybrid

90 Hybrid

90 Hybrid

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)()(1 θωω +−= tCOStCOSA

)()(1 θωω ++= tSINtSINB

)()(1 θωω ++= tSINtCOSC

)()(1 θωω ++= tCOStSIND

2A

2B

2C

2D

X 8

2500MHz

10MHz

20GHz

VGA Drive Amp. LNA BPFDrive Amp.6-port corellator

Bias CircuitLO Circuit

Design Example of Direct Conversion Receiver (Analog Type)



Fade MitigationTerminal Case Example (Antenna - 1.2m, Power - 10W)

Power Control : 2Watt <-> 10Watt (7dB Gain)Adaptive Modulation (QPSK/BPSK) (3dB Gain)Coding Rate (Turbo, 6/7->1/3) (4dB Gain) Turbo Synchronization (3dB Gain)Tx Rate (5Msps -> 0.5Msps) (10dB Gain) Total Gain : 27dB

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Ku Dow nl ink Ku Upl ink Ka Dow nl ink Ka Upl ink

T y p i c al

Target Availability



Interoperability◈TETRA (Example: A European Project WISECOM)



Interoperability◈MESA

Preferable to make a new standardLike WiMAX?

MESA GWMESA AP+router+router

MESANode

MESA AP+router+router

MESANode

Satellitebackhaul

HAP backhaulRemoteControlCentre

Reference: MESA Presentation



Interoperability◈ETRI development (on going)

WiBro/WLAN as a commercial service, but can be used for DC


4. Conclusions

Survey of disaster communications in Korea reveals that most of authorities are very interested in the broadband solutions.◈

Similar results expected for other nations

Making wireless standards for disaster communications (not only terrestrial, but also satellite) and using them are very important.◈

To lower the cost and to have the interoperability ◈

Because broadband wireless disaster will come to us soon

To level up to the safe comfortable Asia◈

Trying to develop the new spectrum (e.g. 5GHz, 30GHz, …)◈

Trying to develop broadband wireless technologies in a standardized manner (good and cheap)

are also important


감사합니다감사합니다 (Thank You)(Thank You)

NamKyung LEE ([email protected])

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