Biomimicry and the TSPD: A Hybrid Template

B

C

Market Desires/Ne

eds

Concepts

Extended Enterprise

IDENTIFY

DEFINEDISCOVER

BIOLOGIZE

ABSTRACT

EMULATE

EVALUATE

IDENTIFY

DEFINE

DEFINE

DEFINE

What is Biomimicry?

2

Life Principles and 4 SPs.

SP1

SP2

SP3

SP4

Evolve to

Survive

Be Resourc

e Efficient

Adapt to Changing Condition

s

Integrate Developme

nt with Growth

Be Locally Attuned

and Responsive

Use Life-Friendly

Chemistry

3

BIIREDISCOVER

REEVALUATE

CI

BIIDENTIFY

DEFINEBII BIII

CII CIII

BI BIII

B

C

Market Desires/Needs Concepts Extended

Enterprise

DISCOVER

BIOLOGIZE

ABSTRACT

EMULATE

EVALUATE

IDENTIFY

DEFINE

DEFINE

DEFINE

REvisit REDEFINE REDEFINE

Process through the TSPD

B4

Identify the need - Water

“Humanity is facing ‘water bankruptcy’ as a result of a crisis even greater than the

financial meltdown now destabilizing the global economy” (Lean 2009)

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

5

Freshwater only accounts for 2.15 per cent of all the Earth's water

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

6

99.5 % of all surface freshwater is locked away in continental ice.

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

7

Water scarcity currently affects

1.2 billion people on all continents

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

8

A Human Need - Subsistence

Access to water is a human right

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

9

Define the context - Slums

“Almost 1 billion people, or 32 per cent of the world’s urban population, live in slums, the

majority of them in the developing world … And if no serious action is taken, the number of slum dwellers worldwide is projected to rise over the next 30 years to about 2 billion.”

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

10

• 22000 people in an area smaller than 1km2

• Zero infrastructure and polluted groundwater

Bhalswa Slum, India

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

11

Lack of

sanitation

and water

infrastructure

s

SP4

Bhalswa Slum and Water

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

SP1Extractio

n

of

materials

leads to

weak soils

Toxic materials from landfill

pollute water

SP2

landfill construction

destroys biome

SP3

12

MERGE -Identifying current needs/market desires

-Defining the concrete context

NOT MERGE -Identifying sustainability challenges

Notes on Integration13

Biologizing the Challenge

“How do people in slums attain and store clean

drinking water?”

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

14

Ask Nature!

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

15

Discovering Natural Models

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

16

Duck

Honttentot Bread

Leek

Pebble Plant

Thorny Devil

Bromeliad

Orchid

Namib Beetle

Lichen

Geoduck

Hottentot Bread

Discovering Natural Models

Duck

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

17

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

18

Leek : Strategy, Stakeholders, Abstract

• Harvesting of Rainwater and Fog

• ImpermeabilityLeek’s Strategies

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

19

Impermeable structure of longitudinal

canalizations that conduct

water.

Abstracting Design Principles

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

20

Pollinators

People

Leek’s Stakeholders

Insects and funghis

Water + Air + Sun

SoilCIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

21

MERGE -Analysing an existing entity

-Defining stakeholders to understand

external factorsNOT MERGE -Goal of analysis: Discover what works well in nature

-Natural organism is inherently

sustainable-Stakeholders not connected to what helps/hinders the introduction of more sustainable products

Notes on Integration22

By 2030, half of the world population will face water scarcity

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

Evolution of the need

23

“Scientists and government officials predict that in the coming decades water, not oil, will become the most important resource

and the one that holds the greatest potential for conflict. Disputes between countries over water could escalate into

war.”

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

24

• Conserving ResourcesMore sustainable production processes.Less water-intensive consumption patterns. Reallocation of food production.

• Expanding AccessDiverse systems of water collection.Converting seawater to fresh water.Expansion network of pipelines.Water quota use.

Current Market Trends

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

25

MERGE -Awareness of future trends are inherent tobiomimicry

-Clarify the evolution of the context of the addressed need

Notes on Integration26

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

Design Development

27

Three Natural Models Collect Water

Portable

Local Materials UVA Radiation

Adaptable

BromBot

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

28

Folding and Portability

Materials

Usage

Longitudinal Nerves Transversal Nerves Concave Surfaces Convex Surfaces

1,8L / per day of rain 2,7 L / per person per dayFog and Dew UVA radiation

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

29

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

Applications

Water based

CIII30

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

Ground based

CIII31

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

Roof based

CIII32

BromBot’s Stakeholders

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

Trash pickers

Local GovernmentSlum dweller

NGOs

Local community

Local businesses

Dump’s Responsible

Recycling plant

Manufacturing factory

Transportation

NaturalSupplier

sLight

Water

Fog

Dew

Providers

Consumers

Public Authorities

33

Landfill

CollectPlastic Bottles and ropes

Bottle re-Use

Manufacturing

BromBot

Sun Water Dew

SlumDweller

BromBot USE

Collecting water

Recycling

NGOs

Local Busines

ses

SlumDwell

er

Material Flows Labour Flows Use Flows CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

BromBot Product Service System

34

SLCA BromBot SPs

RAW MATERIALS & TRANSPORT

MATERIAL PRODUCTION &

TRANSPORTPRODUCTION

PRODUCTION (Conservative

Approach)DISTRIBUTION USE

END OF LIFE

Recycled

END OF LIFE

Dump

SP1

SP2

SP3

SP4

         

Good OK Bad Very Bad Unknown

Negligible contribution to violation of SP

Small contribution to violation of SP

Large contribution to violation of SP

Very large contribution of violation of SP

The informations required to fill this in is not accessible

Raw Material

Transportation

Material Production

Transportation

Production

Packaging & Distribution

Use

End of Life

OUTPUTSWaste & Emissions

INPUTSMaterials & Energy

Qualitative SLCA + Life's Principles

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

CIII35

4SPs

Quantitative LCA: Eco-Indicator 99

HUMANHEALTH

ECOSYSTEMS QUALITY

RESOURCES

Carcinogenic substances

Respiratory effects (organics)

Respiratory effects (inorganics)

Climate change

Ionizing radiation

Ozone depletion

Acidification/

Eutrophization

Ecotoxicity

Land use

Depliation of minerals

Depletion of

fossil fuels

IMPACT CATEGORIES DAMAGE CATEGORIES

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

CIII

36

Sections:

- Production (Materials, processing, transport and extra energy)

- Use (Transport, Energy and any auxiliary materials)

- End of life (Transport and Treatment/Disposal)LCA steps according to the ISO14040:2006:

Quantitative LCA: Eco-Indicator 99

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

CIII37

Step 1: Goal and scope definition

Limits of the product-system

Cradle to cradle scope

Goal: To identify the activities making the large contributions to the total environmental impact and the main priorities.

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

CIII38

Step 2: Inventory Analysis BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

CIII

- Delivered in a cardboard box, closed with plastic straps, including User’s manual .

Data Limitations and Assumptions:

39

- Production (Materials, Processing, Transport & Extra Energy)- Main material and straps: Recycled PP- Production close to slum - Ropes: Collected from the landfill- Transport: By bike/foot- Cardboard made of virgin pulp and paper 65%

recycled- Box, straps and user’s manual already in the

factory

- Use (Transport, Energy and any Auxiliary

Materials)- No energy or auxiliary materials consumption

during use

- End of life (Transport and Treatment/Disposal)- Delivered to the same point where produced and

purchased- Cardboard box and user’s manual to the landfilL

Step 2: Inventory Analysis BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

CIII40

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

CIII41

Step 3: Impact Assessment

LIFE CYCLE PHASE TOTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT

Production -38,89 Use 0 End of life 0,58

TOTAL -38.31mpt

PRODUCTION

Material/Process Amount Ecoindicator Result

Recycling PP 0,445 -210 -93,45Injection molding 0,425 21 8,92Paper(surface) 0,039 96 3,75

Ink: chemical organic process (volume, liters) 0,005 99 0,49Packaging Carton (square meters) 0,6 69 41,4

TOTAL materials and processes -38,89 mpt

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

CIII42

Step 4: Interpretation

Recycle PP LCA negative (-93,45) Positive impact on the environment!!!

Main impacts: - 0,6 square meters Cardboard box (41,4 mPt) - Injection molding process (8,92 mPt)

Recommendations:Eliminating packaging due to proximity of the slum

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

CIII43

MERGE -A radically new product that complies with 4SPs

-Analysing through 4SPs (SLCA), LCA and

Life Principles

Notes on Integration44

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

Re-Define the Context

CIII

45

Metal (stainless steel) with cold property gather water in air Uneven form creates more dewdrops by increasing surface area Narrow to prevent filter the water drops

Dew Bank Bottle (Pak 2010)

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

Re-Discover

CIII46

SLCA Dew Bank Bottle SPs

RAW MATERIALS & TRANSPORTATION

MATERIAL PRODUCTION &

TRANSPORTATION PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION USE END OF LIFEMetals & Mineral

Stainless SteelNatural Rubber

Stainless Steel

Rubber Cap

SP1

SP2

SP3

SP4

         

Good OK Bad Very Bad Unknown

Negligible contribution to violation of SP

Small contribution to violation of SP

Large contribution to violation of SP

Very large contribution of violation of SP

The information required to fill this in is not accessible

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

Qualitative SLCA + Life's Principles

CIII47

SLCA BromBot SP1                

SP2                

SP3                

SP4                

SLCA Dew Bank Bottle SP1                

SP2                

SP3                

SP4                

BromBot vs Dew Bank Bottle

CIII

BI

BII

BIII

CI

CII

Life’s Principles Checklist

Principles

Respected

The BromBot 5

Dew Bank Bottle 0

48

MERGE -Compare our product to an already existing one

-Compare and contrast the SLCA and Life’s Principles

NOT MERGE -In TSPD this should be done at the beginning

-Life’s Principles do not guarantee full sustainability

Notes on Integration49

Conclusions and Key Learnings

Discover that nature is the best sustainable designer

Gain insights into how decisions duringlife cycle influence the sustainabilityimpact of a product

Apply the FSSD in combination with another methodology to develop sustainable products and services

  “You'll never be completely satisfied when you pour your heart into academic or design work”

51

Thank you!!