BSC1010C Final Lab Practical Review

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What was the substratein the enzyme experiment?

Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2)

What was the enzyme in the enzyme experiment?

catalase

What was the source of thisenzyme in the enzyme lab?

Sheep’s blood

What was/were the product(s)in the enzyme experiment?

Water and oxygen gas

What was the optimum pHfor the enzyme?

pH 7

Why is the enzyme less active at very high or very low pH?

Enzyme is denatured and reaction stops

What was the optimum temperaturefor the enzyme experiment?

40 C

Why do you see little gas produced at low temperatures?

Enzyme and substrate molecules are moving very slowly, so less enzyme-substrate collisions,

So less reactions

Why do you see little or no gas production at high temperatures?

The enzyme, which is a protein, is denaturedat high temperatures and reaction stops.

What did we measure to determinethe rate of the enzyme reaction?

Oxygen gas pressure – rate of oxygen gas production

What was the control in the enzyme experiment?

Distilled water in place of enzyme

What was the inhibitor used in enzyme experiment?

Copper sulfate (CuSO4)

What should happen when the inhibitor is added in the enzyme experiment?

Reaction should stop as the inhibitor is preventing the substrate and enzyme from coming together

What happened to the enzyme reaction whenthe temperature was raised to 60 C?

Reaction stopped because enzymewas denatured

What is this plant?

Coleus

What is the name of the pigmentin these leaves that is water-soluble?

What color is this pigment?

Anthocyaninred

What pigment is alcohol-soluble?What color is this pigment?

Chlorophyllgreen

What was used to indirectly detectphotosynthesis in these leaves?

IKI

What areas of the leaf carried out photosynthesis according to IKI test?

Green areas (where chlorophyll was located)

What is the name of the techniquethat uses this setup?

chromatography

What was this setup used toseparate?

Plant pigments

What is the genus of plant used to get these pigments from the leaves?

Magnolia

Name 3 things that determine the movement of the pigments up the paper.

1. Size of pigment molecule (molecular weight)2. Solubility of pigment in the solvent

3. H bonding of pigment to paper

What causes the solvent tomove up the paper?

Capillary action (adhesion + cohesion)

What is used to set 100%in absorption spectrum experiment?

acetone

What is the equation forcell respiration? (balanced, please)

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 CO2 + 6 H2O

What is the balanced equationfor photosynthesis?

6 CO2 + 6 H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2

Given cell respiration and photosynthesis,which happens at all times?

Cell respiration

Given cell respiration and photosynthesis, which happens only in the light?

photosynthesis

Where is photosynthesis occurringin the following graph?

A and C

(Photosynthesis is taking in CO2 so level falls)

A B C D

What happens to CO2 levels in the respirometerin the light? WHY?

Decline Because photosynthesis is taking in CO2.

What happens to CO2 levels in the respirometerin the dark? WHY?

They go up.Photosynthesis is NOT occurring so only cell

respiration which is producing CO2

What genus of plant was used in the cell respiration – photosynthesis experiment?

Viburnum

What is the purpose of the beaker of water that was placed between the light source and the leaves?

To act as a heat sink (absorb the heat given off by the light)

What are the 2 typesof nuclear division?

Mitosis and Meiosis

In mitosis, how many cells are formed?What is their chromosome #?

2 cells

Diploid number

In meiosis, how many cells are formed?What is their chromosome #?

4 cells

Haploid #

What is the name of this region?

Root cap

What is the name of this region?

Region of maturation or differentiation

What is the name of this region?

Region ofelongation

What is the name of this region?

Apical meristemOr

Region of cell division

What is this stage? Is it a plant or animal cell?

Anaphase

Plant cell

What stage is this?What is arrow pointing to?

Telophase

Cleavage furrow

What is this phase?Plant or animal cell?

Prophase

Plant cell

What is this phase?Plant or animal cell?

Metaphase

Plant cell

What is this phase?What is arrow pointing to?

Telophase

Cell plate of plant cell

What is this phase?Plant or animal cell?

Anaphase

Animal cell

What is this phase of meiosis?

Metaphase I

What is this phase of meiosis?

Anaphase I

What is this phase of meiosis?

Telophase I

What specimen was used to study mitosisin animals?

Whitefish blastula

What specimen was used to studymitosis in plants?

Onion root tip

What cell division process occursin somatic cells?

mitosis

What cell division process producesgametes and spores?

meiosis

What cell division process is precededby S in the cell cycle?

Both Mitosis and Meiosis I

How many chromosomes are in the cell below?

2

What is this phase of meiosis?

Prophase I

What are the monomers that make up DNA?

nucleotides

If a piece of DNA has 4 sites recognized by the enzyme, how many fragments will be produced?

5

Enzymes that cut up DNA are called ___.

Restriction enzymesOr

Restriction endonucleases

Name an example of these enzymes.

EcoRI

HindIII

What produces the enzymes that cut up DNA?Why?

Bacteria

To cut up invading phage (bacterial viruses)

What is the source of the DNA used in this experiment?

Bacteriophage lambda

What is this piece of equipment?

micropipet

What is the volume this is set to measure(specify units)?

50 L

What is the purpose of the 2 “stop points”?

1st Stop – take up the liquid from tube2nd Step – dispense the liquid into new tube

Side blue button = ejects the tip

What technique is used to separatethe cut up pieces (fragments) of DNA?

electrophoresis

What is the name of the gel thatis used to support the fragments during

this separation?

agarose

Convert 0.6 mL to L

600 L

What is the size (in bp) of this fragment?

6,527 bp

Given the following fragments:500 bp 5,000 bp

2500 bp 25,000 bp Which fragment in the gel below is

the 25,000 bp fragment?

A

A B C D

What is the charge on DNA?

What gives it this charge?

Negative

The phosphate group

What are the places where the enzyme cuts DNA called?

Restriction sites

A piece of DNA was cut by 3 different enzymes. The standard is in well A. How many “cuts” were made by the enzyme in well

B?

Two cuts

A B C D