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DIFFERENT PAINTS
AND
COATING
PRODUCTSCONCRETE AND MIXTURES
Delgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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PRINCIPAL TYPES OF COATING
*PAINTS [opaque , for wood,concrete, masonry, ficem fiber-
cement boards/drywall(hardiflex), and metal ]
A solution of a pigment in water, oil, or
organic solvent, used to cover wood or
metal articles either for protection or for
appearance.
*STAINS (clear, for bringingout/enhancing natural wood
grains)
A solution of dye or suspension of pigment
in a vehicle, applied to penetrate and color
a wood surface without obscuring the
grain. Penetrating stain permeate a wood
surface, leaving a very thin film on the
surface.
*VARNISHES
(clear/translucent, for wood)
a liquid preparation of a resin dissolved in
an oil or in alcohol that when spread and
allowed to dry forms a hard, lustrous andtransparent coating. Oil based are oil
varnish while alcohol based are spirit stain.
CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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An economic method of
surface protection and
preservation to buildingmaterials and components.
An economic method ofsurface decoration to
building materials and
components
FUNCTION
AND
PURPOSE
CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
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CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
Architectural Paints
are air-drying materials applied by brush or
spray to architectural and structural
surfaces and forms for decorative and
protective purposes
Commercial Paints
air-drying or baking-cured materials applied
by brush, spray, or magnetic agglomeration
to kitchen and laundry appliances,automobile, machinery, and furniture and
used as highway marking materials
Industrial Paints
subdivided by their intended service:
corrosion-resistant coatings, hightemperature coatings, and coatings for
immersion service
CLASSIFICATION
OF
PAINTS
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CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
Pigment
gives the paint a colour, but also plays a role in its
consistency, ease of application, drying ability,
durability and hardness
Varnish no pigmentVehicle
a liquid in which pigment is dispersed before being
applied to a surface in order to control consistency,
adhesion, gloss and durability.
Binder
binder makes the coat of paint retain its structure, and
binds it to the surface to which it is applied
Stain no binder Solventsolvent dissolves the paint to make it usable at normal
room temperatures
COMPOSITION
OF
PAINTS
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CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
Primers/Base coats
are basecoats applied to a surface to improve
the adhesion of subsequent coats of paint or
varnish
Sealers are basecoats applied to a surface toreduce absorption of subsequent coats of paint
or varnish, or to prevent bleeding through the
finish coat. One example of sealer is the
EMULSION.
Oil Paints utilize a drying oil that oxidizes andhardens to form a tough elastic film whenexposed to thin layer of air.
Alkyd Paints have as a binder an alkyd resin,such as chemically modified soy or linseed oil.
Latex Paints have as a binder an acrylic resin thatcoalesces as water evaporates from theemulsion.
TYPES
OF
PAINT
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CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
Epoxy Paints have an epoxy resin as a binder forincreased resistance to corrosion, abrasion andchemicals.
Rust Inhibiting Paints& Primers are esp.formulated with anti-corrosive pigments toprevent /reduce the corrosion of metal surfaces.
Fire Retardant Paints are especially formulated
with silicone and polyvinyl chloride or othersubstance to reduce the flame spread of acombustible material.
Heat Resistant Paints are specially formulated w/silicone resins to withstand high temperatures
Intumescent Coatings, when exposed to the heatof a fire, swell to form a thick insulating layer ofinert foam that retards flame spread andcombustion
TYPES
OF
PAINT
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Pigmented Stain
Or opaque stain is an oil stain containing pigments
capable of obscuring the grain and texture of a
wood surface
Oil Stain
Made by dissolving dye or suspending pigment in
a drying oil or oil varnish vehicle.
Water StainA penetrating stain made by dissolving dye in a
water vehicle.
Spirit Stain
A penetrating stain made by dissolving dye in an
alcohol or spirit vehicle.
TYPES
OF
STAIN
CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
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CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
Spar
Marine varnish is a durable, weather resistant
varnish made from durable resins and linseed or
tung oil.
Polyurethane
Varnish of exceptionally hard, abrasion resistant
and chemical resistant clear varnish made from
plastic resin of the same name.
Lacquer
Refers to any of various clear or coloredsynthetic coatings consisting of nitrocellulose orother cellulose derivative dissolved in a solventthat dries by evaporation to form a high glossfilm.
Shellac
Spirit varnish made by dissolving purified lacflakes in denatured alcohol.
TYPES
OF
VARNISHES
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PAINT PRODUCTS
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Latex Paint
Made from a water- soluble basewhich used for exterior or interioruse such as concrete,stucco,bricks,hollow blocks,drywall surfaces.
It can be mixed with water andequipment or spills and can be
cleaned up simply with soapy water It is non-toxic and has less odor than
other paints, such as oil based paint.
It is more environmentally friendlythan any other types of paint and maybe disposed as a regular waste.
16-liter; 4-liter and 1-liter cans (whiteonly)
Surface dry: 30 minutes and drythrough 2 hours.
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
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Enamel Paint
oil-based covering productsand that dries to a verydurable and hard finish.
It is used in outdoors andused to paint doors, stairs,chairs.
General term refers only toa hardness of a finish and itcan apply to both oil andwater-based paints.
16-liter (white only), 4-liter,1-liter and -liter can
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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Categories of Enamel Paint
Porch and Floor enamel
used for concrete, stairs,basements, porches andpatios.
-not for use on exterior wood
decks, garage floors orparking areas
-it has maximum enduranceand durability for both exteriorand interior applications
-it produces a flawless finishwith no brush or drag marks
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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Fast-dry or Quick-Drying
enamel paint
-can dry within 10-15 minutes.
-Used to paint refrigerators,
counters, and other industrialfinishes.
-it is created to give a tough,
durable, beautiful and high build
material on wood and metal.
-has high gloss level, leads to anexcellent, long lasting finished
appearance.
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
Categories of Enamel Paint
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High-temp enamel paint-applies to wood burning stoves,
radiators, engines, BBQ grills,breaks, or other metal items
-fast drying. Dry to touch in 30minutes. Dries thoroughly overnight.
-provides rust protection-can withstand corrosion, rust,
chemicals and additives of todaysgasoline blends and degreasers.
-has rich, flat, satin, gloss and metallicfinish and can resist heat up to 550
F- 1300 F.-available in spray cans and large cans
of paint
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
Categories of Enamel Paint
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Metallic Paint
A paint which is made frompigments of fine pieces ofaluminum, copper, bronze,zinc or tin.
Spraying is a best method ofapplying as it permits thespreading of a uniform layerof one or more coats of paint
covering the surface. used for decorative
purposes.
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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Luminescent Paint
It is made by addingfluorescent andphosphorescent pigments toany one of a number ofsubstances, including alkydmarine varnish or quick-drying lacquers.
It may be used in residentialbuildings to produce special
effects. It may be used in hospitals ,
schools , factories, hotels, andetc.
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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Intumescent Paints
Also called fire retardant paints. It stops the passage of fire to the surfaces
beneath them.
A variety of these paints are available, with avinyl, alkyd, polyurethane, epoxy and solventbase.
Opaque and transparent products are
manufactured in flat, semi gloss, gloss orsatin finishes.
Applied by brush, roller or spray over avariety of surfaces such as wood, paper,acoustical tile, concrete, stucco, plaster,enamel or varnish.
Drying time to a dust free condition will varyfrom 30 minutes to 20 hours.
May vary from 150 to 500 sq.ft per gal,depending on the particular type of paintused and kind of surface it is applied.
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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COATING PRODUCTS
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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CONCRETE NEUTRALIZER
A basic compound
recommended for new
plastered concrete to
neutralize the aciditypresent in the cement.
Concrete mixture or
brought by the etching
solution
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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An example of Concrete Neutralizer
Product: Boysen Masonry Neutralizer #44
Description: A liquid acidicsubstance that is to be mixedwith water to neutralize limeactivity in new masonrysurfaces.
Coverage: 20 sq.m/gallon ofmixture
Application:paint brush orroller
Packaging:3.785 liter,946.25ml, and 473.12 ml
bottles Mixing Ratio: 1 part Boysen
Masonry Neutralizer #44 to 16parts clean water
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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WALL EMULSIONS
Water based sealer suitable formultiple purposes,can be usedon marble,slate,terrazzo,quarry tile andconcrete.
Can be applied to new concreteas a curing compund and willgive a durable surface seal
Resistant to abrasions and towide variety of chemicals to
give long life and wear Easy repair by coating directly
over old surface after cleaning.
Dries quickly to a high shine.Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
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Varnish
Transparent hard, protectivefinish primarily used in woodfinishing but also for othermaterials.
Combination of drying oil,
resin and a thinner or solvent Usually glossy but may be
designed to poroduce satin orsemi-gloss sheens by theaddition of flatting agents.
Has little no color, transparent
and no pigment. Applied over wood stains as
final step to achieve a film forgloss and protection.
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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Lacquers
New product madefrom syntheticmaterials to take theplace of varnish for
clear finishes.
Modern lacquer isbased on nitrocelluloseused in combination
with natural orsynthetic resins andplasticizers.
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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WOOD STAINS
Materials used to applycolor to wood surfaces.
They are intended toimpart color without
concealing the grain andnot to provide aprotective coating.
Used to accentuate thecolor contrast of wood
grain or to even up colordifferences to imitateexpensive wood colorson surfaces
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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Turpentine
is a fluid obtained by thedistillation of resin obtained fromlive trees, mainly pines.
It is derived from the greek wordterebithine, the name of thespecies of tree terebinth tree,
from whose sap the spirit wasoriginally distilled.
Used for thinning oil basedpaints, for producing varnishesand as a raw material forchemical industry.
It is mixed with carnauba wax orbeeswax to make fine furniturewax as a protective coating overoiled wood finishes.
Different Paints and Coating Products
Reported by:Luis de Jesus and Kevin Clarke A.Diaz
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1/8:00-9:00 AM
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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Different Paints and Coating Products
Dela Costa, Peter and dela Paz, Nikka Marie M.
Building Technology 1/ 9:00 - 10:00am
Red Lead Primer - recommended for use on iron andsteel surfaces as it contains pigment that inhibits rust. Should be thinned
with paint thinner.
Color: Orange or reddish orange
Coverage: 30-40 sq. m. per 4-liter can
Packing: 1-liter, 4-liter and 16 liter cans
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Different Paints and Coating Products
Dela Costa, Peter and dela Paz, Nikka Marie M.
Building Technology 1/ 9:00 - 10:00am
Red Oxide Primer: a general primer for exterior andinterior iron and steel surfaces where rust cannot be completely eliminated.
Usually used in residential, industrial and marine structures. It is thinned withpaint thinner.
Color: Reddish brown
Coverage: 25-40 sq. m. per 4-liter can
Packing: 1-liter, 4-liter and 16-liter cans
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Different Paints and Coating Products
Dela Costa, Peter and dela Paz, Nikka Marie M.
Building Technology 1/ 9:00 - 10:00am
Zinc Chromate Primer - ideal forapplication as the first coat on aluminum, galvanized iron and
steel surfaces, what with its exceptional adhesion and anti-corrosion properties. It is reduced with paint thinner.
Color: Yellow only
Coverage: 30-40 sq. m. per 4-liter
canPacking: 1-liter and 4-liter cans
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Different Paints and Coating Products
Dela Costa, Peter and dela Paz, Nikka Marie M.
Building Technology 1/ 9:00 - 10:00am
Exterior Wood Primer- for priming exterior woodsurfaces so as to provide a solid foundation for latex and alkyd
exterior topcoat paints. Reduction is by the use of paint thinner.
Color: White only, maybe tinted with tinting colors
Coverage: 30-40 sq. m. per 4-liter can
Packing: 4-liter and 16-liter cans
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Different Paints and Coating Products
Dela Costa, Peter and dela Paz, Nikka Marie M.
Building Technology 1/ 9:00 - 10:00am
Interior Wood Primer and Sealer - specified asprimer and sealer for interior wood finishes. It is designed to dry a hard film
that stops surface suction and provide a solid foundation for the interior
wood finishes.
Color: White only but may be tinted with colors in oil
Coverage: 30-40 sq. M. per 4-liter can
Packing: 1-liter, 4-liter and 16-liter cans
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Different Paints and Coating Products
Dela Costa, Peter and dela Paz, Nikka Marie M.
Building Technology 1/ 9:00 - 10:00am
Epoxy Primer - specially formulated as the primer for metal,galvanized iron, wood or concrete to be topcoated with catalyzed epoxy
enamel. It has two components: a.) the epoxy primer and b.) polyamide
catalyst curing agent which, when mixed together as directed by the
manufacturer, produces a tough surface resistant to abrasion, solvents,
chemicals, acids and alkalis.
Color: White, Gray, Red Oxide, Yellow, Coal Tar and eggshell
Coverage: 30-40 sq. m. per 4-liter can
Packing: Kit of 4-liter primer that is 3/4 and
1-liter curing agent
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Different Paints and Coating Products
Dela Costa, Peter and dela Paz, Nikka Marie M.
Building Technology 1/ 9:00 - 10:00am
Heat-Resisting Aluminum Paint - a ready-mixedaluminum paint formulated for application on surfaces subject
to high temperatures like stove pipes and stacks, radiators,boilers, ventilators and other general industrial equipment. No
reduction is required.
Color: Aluminum bright
Coverage: 30-50 sq. M. per 4-liter can
Packing: 4-liter can
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PAINTS CAN BE APPLIED BY
BRUSH
SPRAY
ROLLER
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PAINTING / COATING FINISHES CAN BE
EITHER:
- GLOSSY shiny, lustrous surface which
enable it to be resistant to dirtaccumulation
- SEMI-GLOSS between glossy and
matte finish
- MATTE/FLAT non-shiny, yet smooth.
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FOR PAINTED CONCRETE/CHB PLASTERED WALLS:(1) Plastering (2) Apply Concrete Neutralizer (to prevent acidic reaction
with paint) (3) Apply Base Coat /Primer (to prepare the surface for thesucceeding coats) (4) Apply one or more layers of Top Coat (Final Coat,Latex Paint)
FOR WOOD (PAINTED FINISH):
(1) Sanding with sand paper (2) Apply Sanding Sealer/Primer/Base/PuttyCoat (3) Apply Top Coat (Quick Dry Enamel /QDE Paint)
FOR WOOR (VARNISHED FINISH):
(1) Sanding with sand paper (2) Sanding Sealer (3) Apply Varnish
FOR NON-GALVANIZED METAL:
(1) Sand the metal surface (2) Apply Lead Primer / Red Oxide Primer(3) Apply Final Coats (Enamel Paint)
FOR GALVANIZED METAL:
(1) Apply Latex paint
STEP-BY-STEP, LAYER-BY-LAYERAPPLICATION GENERAL GUIDE:
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Previously painted surfaces:
Scrape off loose paint and sand smooth.
Old, fading paint must be removed toprovide good adhesion for the new coats ofpaint.
Nail back loose boards, countersink thenaiL heads and fill with putty.
To prevent discoloration of paint later,seal knots and resinous spots with a thin coatof shellac.
New wood exteriors:
The surface must be clean and dryRough spots in siding should be sanded
smooth
All new wood must be primed
After the prime coat has been dried, putty andfill all nail holes and cracks
Caulk joint around doors and windowframes
If pre-primed siding is hard and slick, it shouldbe re-primed
SURFACE
PREPARATION
(Exterior)
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CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
Masonry floors:
Interior and exterior concrete floors must be
allowed to dry approximately 90 days for proper
aging.
Fresh cement contains alkali which
will burn paint.
Floors subjected to excessive
moisture seepage, or hydrostatic
pressure, cannot be
successfully painted.
Metal surfaces:All metal surfaces must be cleaned and dry
Remove any rust, mill scale or loose paint
by wire brushing, sandblasting/sandpapering.
Bare spots on shop-coated steel must be
wire-brushed and spot primed.
Remove oil and grease with paint thinner ormineral spirits.
No priming necessary when applying
exterior latex to weathered galvanized metal.
SURFACE
PREPARATION
(Exterior)
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The surface to be painted must be clean and
free of wax, dirt or grease.
Cracks and holes must be repaired with
patching plaster .
Patched areas must be spot primed .
Old glossy surfaces should be prepared By
sanding
SURFACE
PREPARATION
(Interior)
CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
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Avoid painting in the hot sun. Try to
paint those surfaces that have already been
exposed to sunlight
Apply a coat of paint primer
Finish with two-coat of top coats
PROPER
APPLICATION
CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
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Alligatoring: Patterned
cracking in the surface of the
paint film resembling the
regular scales of an alligator.
Chalking: Formation of finepowder on the surface of the
paint film during weathering,
which can cause color
fading. Although some
degree of chalking is a
normal, desirable way for apaint film to wear, excessive
film erosion can result in
heavy chalking.
Efflorescence/Mottling:
Crusty, white salt deposits,
leached from mortar ormasonry as water passes
through it.
PAINT DEFECTS
(Exterior)
CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
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Frosting:A white, salt-like
substance on the paint
surface. Frosting can occur
on any paint color, but it is
less noticeable on whitepaint or light tints
Paint Incompatibility:
Loss of adhesion where
many old coats of alkyd or
oil-based paint received alatex top coat.
Peeling: Loss of paint due
to poor adhesion. Where
there is a primer and top
coat, or multiple coats of
paint, peeling may involve
some or all coats.
PAINT DEFECTS
(Exterior)
CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
Poor Gloss Retention:
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Poor Gloss Retention:Deterioration of the paintfilm, resulting in excessiveor rapid loss of luster ofthe top coat.
Vinyl Siding Warp:Warping or buckling ofvinyl siding panels thathave been repainted.
Wrinkling: A rough,crinkled paint surfaceoccurring when paintforms a "skinPoor AlkaliResistance: Color loss andoverall determination ofpaint film on freshmasonry.
Poor Galvanized Metal
Adhesion: Paint that haslost its adhesion to agalvanized metal substrate.
PAINT DEFECTS
(Exterior)
CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 / 10:00 11:00
7/29/2019 Bt 1 Paint - Revised
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Blistering: Bubbles resulting fromlocalized loss of adhesion andlifting of the paint film from theunderlying surface
Blocking: Undesirable stickingtogether of two painted surfaces
when pressed together (e.g., adoor sticking to the jamb)
Burnishing: Increase in gloss orsheen of paint film whensubjected to rubbing, scrubbingor having an object brush upagainst it.
Cracking: The splitting of a drypaint film through at least onecoat as a result of aging, whichultimately will lead to completefailure of the paint. In its earlystages, the problem appears ashairline cracks; in its later stages,flaking occurs.
Sagging: Downward "drooping"movement of the paint filmimmediately after application,resulting in a uneven coating.
PAINT DEFECTS
(Interior)
CONCRETE AND MIXTURESDelgado, John Paul / Delos Santos Ervie Jane