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Document Number/Version 1999 Nokia Networks OyB6I 067208AE/3.0.0

NOKIA WCDMA BASE STATION

Product Overview

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Page 1999 Nokia Networks Oy Document Number/Version(ii) B6I 067208AE/3.0.0

The information in this document is subject to change without notice and describes only theproduct and its version defined in the introduction of this document. This document is intended forthe use of Nokia Networks' customers only for the purposes of the agreement under which thedocument is submitted, and no part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or meanswithout the prior written permission of Nokia Networks. The document has been prepared to beused by professional and properly trained personnel, and the customer assumes full responsibilitywhen using it. Nokia Networks welcomes customer comments as part of the process ofcontinuous development and improvement of the documentation.

The information or statements given in this document concerning the suitability, capacity, orperformance of the mentioned hardware or software products cannot be considered binding but

shall be defined in the agreement made between Nokia Networks and the customer. However,Nokia Networks has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructions contained in thedocument are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. Nokia Networks will, ifnecessary, explain issues which may not be covered by the document.

Nokia Networks' liability for any errors in the document is limited to the documentary correction oferrors. Nokia Networks WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE IN ANY EVENT FOR ERRORS IN THISDOCUMENT OR FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL (INCLUDINGMONETARY LOSSES), that might arise from the use of this document or the information in it.

This document and the product it describes are considered protected by copyright according tothe applicable laws.

NOKIA logo is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation.

Other product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks of their respectivecompanies, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only.

Copyright Nokia Networks Oy 1999. All rights reserved.

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Document Number/Version 1999 Nokia Networks Oy PageB6I 067208AE/3.0.0 1 (36)

CONTENTS

1. GLOSSARY .............................................................................................................. 3

2. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................... 6

2.1. General ............................................................................................................. 6

2.2. Summary of the Nokia WCDMA Base Stations .............................................. 7

3. NOKIA ULTRASITE WCDMA BASE STATION.................................................. 8

3.1. Applications...................................................................................................... 8

3.1.1. Coverage Solution.............................................................................. 9

3.1.2. Capacity Solution ............................................................................... 9

3.2. Physical Construction..................................................................................... 10

3.3. Capacity and Configurations .......................................................................... 11

4. TRIPLE-MODE NOKIA ULTRASITE GSM ........................................................ 16

5. NOKIA METROSITE WCDMA BASE STATION............................................... 17

5.1. Applications.................................................................................................... 17

5.2. Physical Construction..................................................................................... 17

5.3. Capacity and Configurations .......................................................................... 18

6. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE................................................................... 19

6.1. Local Management Tool ................................................................................ 19

6.2. External Alarms and Controls ........................................................................ 20

6.3. Upgrading SW................................................................................................ 20

7. TRANSMISSION.................................................................................................... 21

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Page 1999 Nokia Networks Oy Document Number/Version2 (36) B6I 067208AE/3.0.0

7.1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 21

7.2. Transmission Interfaces.................................................................................. 21

8. RADIO INTERFACE.............................................................................................. 23

8.1. RX Performance ............................................................................................. 23

8.2. Transmitting Power ........................................................................................ 23

8.3. Diversity ......................................................................................................... 23

9. CONNECTIONS ..................................................................................................... 25

9.1. Power Supply ................................................................................................. 25

9.2. Interfaces ........................................................................................................ 26

10. SITE SOLUTIONS.................................................................................................. 28

10.1. Masthead Amplifier (MHA)........................................................................... 28

10.2. Nokia UltraSite Support ................................................................................. 28

11. GSM CO-SITING.................................................................................................... 30

12. RELIABILITY......................................................................................................... 33

13. ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS............................................................... 34

13.1. EMC Compatibility........................................................................................ 35

13.1.1. EMC Emission ................................................................................. 35

13.1.2. EMC Immunity ................................................................................ 35

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1. GLOSSARY

ANT Antenna

ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode, transfer mode in whichthe information is organised into cells: it is asynchronous

in the sense that the recurrence of cells containing

information from an individual user is not necessarily

periodic.

AXC ATM Cross-Connection. This entity consists of AXU and1 to 5 IFU units.

BTS Base Station

Bias-T A component to isolate RF signal from DC current whenboth are present in the same conductor.

Diplexer Combines two RF signals to one conductor. Can be used

if there is enough frequency separation between the

signals.

EMC Electro-Magnetic Compatibility

HLR Home Location Register

IMA Inverse Multiplexed ATM

IP Internet Protocol

Iu Interconnection point between the RNC and the Core

Network. It is also considered as a reference point.

Iub Interface between the RNC and the BTS

Iur A logical interface between two RNCs. Whilst logicallyrepresenting a point-to-point link between RNCs, the

physical realisation may not be a point-to-point link.

LMT Local Management Tool

LNA Low Noise Amplifier

MHA Masthead Amplifier

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MTBF Mean Time Between Failures, the expectation of the

operational time duration between two consecutive

failures of a repairable item, measured in hours, yearsetc.

NMS Network Management System

PDG Packet Data Gateway

PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy

Q1-Bus Control bus for Site Support and Radio Links

RAKE Rake, a receiver structure for CDMA system

RAN Radio Access Network

RF Radio Frequency

RNC Radio Network Controller

RX Receiver

SCP Service Control Point

SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy, transmission technique

in which there are specified limits to the timingrelationship of the corresponding significant instants of asignal.

SRC Smart Radio Concept

STM Synchronous Transfer Mode

STM-1 Synchronous Transport Module-1. An ITU-T defined

SDH physical interface for digital transmission in ATMat the rate of 155.52 Mbit/s.

UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

UTRAN UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network: UTRAN is aconceptual term identifying that part of the network

which consists of RNCs and Node BTS between Iu and

Uu. The concept of UTRAN instantiation is currentlyundefined. (SMG2 ARC). URAN AND RAN are also

used for the same purpose. RAN is preferred and used in

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Nokia WCDMA BSS documentation.

VC Virtual Channel, unidirectional transport of ATM cells

associated by a common unique identifier value

WAM Application Manager unit in BTS

3G-SGSN WCDMA Packet Data Access Node

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2. INTRODUCTION

2.1. General

WCDMA technology is used on the air interface to build 3rd

generation wireless

communication systems. An integrated entity in the system is RAN (Radio Access

Network) which includes Base Stations, Radio Network Controller and CellularTransmission (see Figure 2-1).

Nokia has planned its whole infrastructure keeping in mind the existing mobile

networks. This means that in Base Station design co-siting and utilisation ofexisting infrastructure have been one of the major drivers. Special attention hasbeen paid to all the areas like transmission, antenna implementation and utilisation

of existing Base Station sites.

Network Subsystem(GSM )

Mobile Switching CentreHome Location Register(GSM)

Landline NW(PSTN/ISDN)

Landline NW(PSTN/ISDN)

MSC HLR

IN Service Control Point

Co-sited GSM + WCDMABase Station Subsystem

Base StationController (GSM)

GSM Base StationBSCSIM Card

GSMmobile

GGSN

SGSN

Packet Subsystem Internet(TCP/IP)

Internet(TCP/IP)

Radio NetworkController (WCDMA)

UMTS (WCDMA)Base Station

RNCUMTSmobile

GSM / UMTSmobile

IWU/TC

Figure 2-1. RAN System in WCDMA.

This document focuses on describing the WCDMA Base Station. The document

provides information on BTS functionality, configurations and extension

possibilities. This will also give insight to some of the accessories that are veryclosely used together with Base Stations.

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2.2. Summary of the Nokia WCDMA Base Stations

The Nokia WCDMA Base Station family consists of different types of Base

Stations:

Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station Indoor

Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station Outdoor

Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station Midi Indoor

triple-mode Nokia UltraSite GSM Base Station

Nokia MetroSite WCDMA Base Station Indoor

Nokia MetroSite WCDMA Base Station Outdoor

All these BTSs support cost-effectively operators' investment to the WCDMA.When acquisitioning a BTS site, the most suitable Base Station can always beselected from the Nokia WCDMA BTS family.

These Base Stations feature extensive coverage solutions with best possiblereceiver sensitivity. If further extension to coverage is needed, together with

optional Masthead Amplifier (MHA), coverage can be still expanded. The high

output power of UltraSite WCDMA Base Stations can be utilised to maximise cellcoverage.

For capacity solutions the BTS platform provides from the beginning very high-

capacity configurations. Thus operator's future expansion needs are secured alreadywith this Nokia WCDMA Base Station family.

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3. NOKIA ULTRASITE WCDMA BASE STATION

3.1. Applications

The Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station is designed for coverage and capacity

solutions.

For the initial launch of the WCDMA, Base Stations will be optimised for fast and

easy rollout allowing the WCDMA to be deployed rapidly over the initial servicearea. The wide product range of Base Stations easies the operator's site

acquisitioning in urban, suburban and rural environments.

UltraSite

WCDMA

BTS Outdoor

UltraSite

WCDMA

BTS Midi

Indoor

Triple-Mode

UltraSite GSM

BTS

UltraSite

WCDMA

BTS Indoor

Figure 3-1 Nokia UltraSite Macrocellular Solution

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3.1.1. Coverage Solution

Nokia has developed for coverage solution

Optimum receiver sensitivity

Mast Head Amplifier

Smart Radio Concept (SRC)

Balanced downlink power with uplink performance.

Smart Radio Concept (SRC)

SRC has the following benefits: improved cell coverage, reduced equipment costand reduced radio network complexity and flexible capacity upgrade path.

3.1.2. Capacity Solution

Even though coverage is usually the main concern when deploying a cellularnetwork, BTS is designed to also provide high capacity. With its maximum

configuration it can meet very high capacity demands.

For example, the 1+1+1 carrier configuration has a 50 Erlang capacity per sector.

This corresponds to 2000 users under one cell (sector); i.e. total 6000 users are

served by one BTS (speech usage, assumption is 25 mErl per user with 1%blocking).

Multiple configurations are supported by Nokia WCDMA Base Stations. This is

explained in more detail in section 3.3.

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Outdoor BTS

Indoor BTS

Rural

Sub-Urban

Urban

WCDMA MS

Figure 3-2.Building coverage and capacity with WCDMA Base Stations

3.2. Physical Construction

Physically, the Base Station is constructed of self-standing core structure andmodular plug-in units.

The BTS uses the same plug-in units in different UltraSite Indoor, Outdoor and

Midi Indoor configurations. This reduces the number of different units required and

lowers the maintenance cost for the operator.

No back-access to the BTS is required so that cabinets can be installed against a

wall. For instance commissioning can be accomplished from the front and top of

the cabinet.

The heart of the mechanics is the self-standing core structure. A metal panel set on

this structure provides EMC shielding and makes it an indoor cabinet. The

alternative outdoor panel/door set (a coat) makes the cabinet IP 55 weatherproof.

A Nokia UltraSite Support cabinet can be used together with Nokia Base Station

cabinet. It contains power supplies which provide DC power for the Base Station;batteries and space for supporting functions like external transmission equipment.

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The Support cabinet can be either an indoor or outdoor version correspondinglywith the Base Station cabinet. Together these two cabinets form a complete Base

Station site and only antenna system and AC-power supply need to be provided for

them.

Table 1. Dimensions and weights of the Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base

Stations.

Indoor Outdoor Midi Indoor

Dimensions [w x h x d]

[mm]

600 x 1800

x 620

770 x 1940

x 880

600 x 1100

x 620

Empty Cabinet [kg] 135 205 80

1+1+1 Configuration [kg] 230 300 180

2+2+2 Configuration [kg] 290 360 t.b.a

3.3. Capacity and Configurations

The indoor and outdoor cabinets support the same configurations. They aredesigned for flexible expansion and easy configuration to support various numbers

of carriers per sector. Also the number of sectors can be defined freely within

capacity limitations. Typical capacity of the WCDMA carrier is illustrated in

Figure 3-3.Capacity is defined with 50 % uplink load which is a practical load todimension a network. Higher capacity can be achieved by the individual carriers

(soft capacity) even up to 2 Mbit/s.

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Voice

Data

Soft

Capacity

Capacitypercarrier

800kbps50 Erlang

100% Voice 100% Data

Figure 3-3.Typical air interface capacity of one WCDMA carrier.

Number of subscribers supported by one WCDMA carrier is highly dependent onthe data rate per user. Also, only an average can be estimated and, at cell level, the

capacities can vary significantly because of the soft capacity feature of WCDMA.

Thus only an example of carrier capacity can be calculated with the followingassumptions:

50/50 voice/data split

300 kbit/s average throughput for non real-time data.

25 Erl. for voice services.

Thus, one carrier can support 1000 data users with the following assumptions:

100 simultaneous sessions, average data rate per session is assumed to be 3kbit/s. The session is estimated to last less than 10 minutes.

900 in idle mode

90 to 95 calls are inactive, thus not using radio resources

5 to 10 calls are in active session with radio resource allocated. Theassumed data rate in active session varies between 64 - 144 kbit/s and the

active session is estimated to last a few seconds.

Simultaneously 1000 voice users can be supportedwith the assumption of 25

mErl. per user load.

The capacity of the Nokia WCDMA Macro BTS is designed to be flexible. The

first release of the product will support configurations with up to six carriers. The

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second release, which is fully upgradeable to the first release cabinets, will thenexpand capacity to big configurations like 4+4+4+4+4+4 with multiple cabinets.

The Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS platform supports the future large

configuration needs already from the beginning.

Table 2. Configuration table for the Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station

Configuration Numberof

cabinets

Outputpower

percarrier

Max. HWchannel

capacity / HWRel.1

Max. HWchannel

capacity / HWRel.2

3 carrier omni 1 20 W 576 1152

3 sector 1 carrier(1+1+1)

1 20 W 576 1152


1 40 W 576 1152

6 sector 1 carrier(1+1+1+1+1+1)

1 20 W 576 1152


1 20 W 576 1152

3 sector 4 carrier(4+4+4)*

2 20 W 1152 2304

3 sector 4 carrier(4+4+4)*

1 10 W 576 1152

6 sector 2 carrier(2+2+2+2+2+2)*

1 10 W 576 1152


2 20 W 1152 2304


2 10 W 1152 2304


4 20 W 2304 4608

* Available in Release 2.

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Note 1, Configurations with up to 6 carriers (6 sector 1 carrier OR 3 sector 2carrier) will be available in Release 1. Larger configurations will besupported in Release 2.

Note 2, Depending on the network capacity requirements the number ofinstalled capacity can be lower than the maximum. can be matched withthe air interface capacity.

Table 3 Configuration table for the Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Midi Base

Station Indoor


cabinets

Outputpower

per

carrier

Max. HWchannel

capacity / HW

Rel.1

Max. HWchannel

capacity / HW

Rel.2



1 20 W 288 576

2+2+2* 2 20 W 576 1152

2+2+2* 1 10W 576 1152

* Available in Release 2.

The front view of Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station Indoor is provided in

Figure 3-4.

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Figure 3-4. The front view of Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS Indoor cabinet.

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4. TRIPLE-MODE NOKIA ULTRASITE GSM

Nokia UltraSite GSM BTS Indoor cabinet can house up to 12 TRXs, or up to 6GSM/EDGE TRXs and 6 WCDMA carriers (Release 2), or they can be configured

to hold up to 6 TRXs and an optional integrated battery backup system. Nokia

UltraSite GSM BTS provides a smooth evolution from GSM to WCDMA with thecapability to simultaneously enclose both GSM and WCDMA carriers in a single

Indoor cabinet.

GSM/EDGE

WCDMA part

Figure 4-1 The Triple-Mode Nokia UltraSite GSM Base Station with WCDMA

functionality

Indoor

Dimensions [w x h x d][] 600 x 1700 x 580

Empty Cabinet [kg] 110

1+1+1 Configuration [kg] t.b.a

2+2+2 Configuration [kg] t.b.a

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5. NOKIA METROSITE WCDMA BASE STATION

5.1. Applications

Nokia MetroSite WCDMA Base Station is designed for micro and macro-cellular

solutions. Because of its compact size and light weight, it is suitable for

installations in locations with limited space and it can be used for multiple purposessuch as:

Focused coverage enhancement infill coverage

Indoor coverage from outdoors

Roadside coverage

Microcellular networks

5.2. Physical Construction

The Nokia MetroSite WDMA Base Station uses the same plug-in units as other

Nokia's WCDMA BTS types except the linear power amplifier and power supply.

The BTS is physically small and light-weight. It is designed for both indoor andoutdoor installation environments. Power feed, antenna and chaining cables areconnected through the bottom of the cabinet.

The appearance of the BTS has been designed to be unobtrusive. Its mechanical

structure supports installation on poles or walls. These features ease the site-

acquisition process by making it possible to utilise different site locations.

Indoor Outdoor

Dimensions [w x h x d][mm] 320 x 750 x 420 420 x 800 x 470

Weight [kg] 40 50

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Figure 5-1. The Nokia MetroSite WCDMA Base Station Indoor

5.3. Capacity and Configurations

Capacity is optimised for main application areas. In Table 4 the supported capacityand configurations are listed.

Table 4. The Nokia MetroSite WCDMA Base Station capacity and

configurations


cabinets

Outputpower

percarrier

Max. HWchannel

capacity / HWRel.1

Max. HWchannel

capacity / HWRel.2


2 carrier omni (Rel. 2) 1 2.5 W 64 128

1 + 1 + 1 3 5 W 192 384

2 + 2 + 2 (Rel. 2) 3 2.5 W 192 384

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6. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

6.1. Local Management Tool

The Local Management Tool (LMT) concept means that the BTS and the

Transmission Management tool are integrated so that the physical interface (cable

and connectors) are the same but there are two different applications running on thePC in Windows environment. The user has all the required software tools to

configure the BTS on his PC.

The PC is connected to the BTS by means of a RS232 cable or by an Ethernetconnection.

Figure 6-1. Base station can be controlled locally by using a PC with LMT

software

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6.2. External Alarms and Controls

The BTS inputs and outputs may be configured and tested locally on the BTS site

with the LMT. In normal operation, the Base Station external alarms and controloutputs are managed from the NMS after they have been configured according to

the operator's needs. There are total 24 user-definable external inputs and 6 user-

controllable outputs available. These can be freely configured to support differentobservation or control needs at the Base Station site.

6.3. Upgrading SW

Only downloadable SW is used in the BTS. This means that all the software can be

downloaded and updated from the NMS remotely. This will be done in acentralised way so that several Base Stations can be upgraded with a new software

package at the same time or one by one as preferred by the operator.

The Base Station keeps current and old SW package in its flash memory plus a

back-up copy of the most recent version which is in use. In case of, for example, apower outage this package will be brought into use in a few seconds from the flash

memory. New downloading will take place from the NMS if the software is

upgraded to a new version (or doing the integration phase when taking a new Base

Station into service).

Downloading of the new software package can be done as a background process

which does not disrupt the traffic in the BTS. After the software package isdownloaded to the BTS's flash memory it can be activated.

The SW package of the BTS can be upgraded also locally using the LMT. Local

software downloading is done typically only when NMS connection is missing i.e.

during the commissioning.

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7. TRANSMISSION

7.1. Introduction

The transport between RNC and Base Stations (Iub interface) is based on ATM. A

solution which allows to use the already available PDH or SDH based transmission

networks has been chosen. The UMTS ATM Iub traffic can be transported over theexisting transmission systems by using inverse multiplexing (IMA). Hence there is

no immediate reason to change or modify the existing access network, except for

the necessary capacity upgrades due to increased traffic. Some network topology

changes maybe required. The RAN (BTS-RNC) transmission can be based on star,chain, tree and loop topologies.

The physical transmission links can be shared between the UMTS generated traffic

and the second generation mobile traffic and/or fixed traffic.

Each WCDMA Base Station has an internal ATM cross-connect node. Through the

interfaces available for this ATM switch, the Base Station can be connected to theavailable PDH and SDH transmission networks. A wide range of transmission

media is available from Nokia and many of the solutions can be easily connected

and/or fully integrated into the Base Station.

7.2. Transmission Interfaces

A variety of Transmission Interfaces will be available to connect the WCDMA

Base Station to the existing transmission networks. Each UltraSite WCDMA Base

Station will have 5 slots and UltraSite WCDMA Base Station Midi will have twoslots which can be used for transmission interface units. In the Nokia MetroSite

WCDMA BTS there will be place for one transmission interface unit.

The following transmission interfaces will be provided:

8*E1/JT1 with IMA (JT1 = Japanese 1.5 Mbit/s PDH)

4*JT2 with IMA (JT2 = Japanese 6.4 Mbit/s PDH)

3*STM-1 (VC-4)

3*STM-0 (VC-3) (Japan)

3 * Nokia Flexbus with Inverse Multiplexed ATM (IMA) connection toNokia Microwave equipment (available in Release 2)

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Taking the number of interfaces per plug-in unit into account, the maximumconfiguration could be five interface plug-in units in one Nokia UltraSite WCDMA

Base Station cabinet. I.e. there could be 5 x 8 x E1 = 40 E1 connections available in

one cabinet for example. If entirely used for SDH connections, there could be total15 STM-1 connections. However switching capacity in the AXC is limited to 1.2

Gbits/s. This sets the maximum of ATM cells that can be handled.

It is possible to use fractional E1's to add full and/or partial E1's filled with

WCDMA traffic to the existing GSM traffic without disturbing existing GSM

traffic. Circuit emulation can be used to add the GSM traffic to the WCDMA(ATM) traffic.

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8. RADIO INTERFACE

The WCDMA system is specified to operate within the following frequency band.

RX Frequencies: 1920-1980 MHz

TX Frequencies: 2110-2170 MHz

With the 190 MHz duplex separation, Nokia Base Station supports the whole

frequency band fully with its all configurations.

8.1. RX Performance

The BTS receiver sensitivityisat least -128 dBm in static channel with the

following conditions:

0.1% BER for 8 kbit/s codec (30 ksps for data + 15 ksps for control)

Average White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel type

2-branch receive diversity with non-correlated signals fed to antennaconnectors

8.2. Transmitting Power

Output power in different configurations is described in Table 2, Table 3 and Table

4.

8.3. Diversity

The WCDMA system concept inherently enables the use of several types of

diversity. Using a single carrier frequency within the network allows for softhandovers between Base Stations and softer handovers between different sectors of

the same Base Station. The soft handover case can be considered to be macro

diversity, while the softer handover case can utilise other types of diversity, such asantenna diversity and multipath diversity. Antenna diversity utilises several receive

antennas. To receive gain from multipath diversity, the receiver must detect the

different delays of the multipath components. This is possible, because of the highbandwidth of the received signal.

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The soft handover is shown by user A in the figure below. There exists a softhandover region at the edges of the Base Station cells where the mobile unit is

communicating with both Base Stations simultaneously. In the downlink, the

mobile receives the signal from two Base Stations and gets performance gain fromantenna and multipath diversity. In the uplink, the signal from the mobile is

detected separately in both Base Stations and macro diversity gain is achieved by

combining the results in the Radio Network Controller.

User B in the figure is utilising softer handover. The downlink case looks about the

same as soft handover from the mobile unit point of view. In the uplink, the signalis combined within the same Base Station, which allows for performance gain from

spatial, antenna and multipath diversity. Extra antenna and multipath diversity gain

can be achieved by combining multipath components from all the antennas in thesame RAKE receiver.

BSBS

RNC

A

B

Sector1

Sector2

Figure 8-1. Soft and softer handovers are presented in above figure. This

provides diversity gain in RNC and BTS level correspondingly.

Antenna and multipath diversity are the forms of diversity utilised in the RAKE

receiver. A selected number of multipath components from any of the antennas arechosen by the RAKE for allocation. All allocated multipath components are

despread and demodulated independently. The resulting demodulated symbols from

each branch are combined using maximal ratio combining. Each symbol to becombined represents the energy collected from a different delay from any of the

antennas giving both antenna and multipath diversity gain.

Two port receive diversity is a standard feature. Four port receive diversity is part

of optional Nokia Smart Radio Concept (SRC).

It is possible to handle softer handover combining for six sectors.

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9. CONNECTIONS

9.1. Power Supply

The BTS can be operated using the following nominal supply voltages in indoor

and outdoor cabinets. Following input voltages are possible to connect to the Base

Station cabinet:

48V DC power (with positive or negative grounding)

200240V AC power

If the UltraSite Support cabinet is used together with the Base Station, then AC

supply is connected into the UltraSite Support System cabinet.

Power consumption figures for different Base Station configurations are given inthe table below.

Table 5. The Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station power consumption

Configuration Indoor Outdoor

Omni, 1 carrier 1990 W 2110 W

1+1+1 3970 W 4040 W

2+2+2 6560 W 6660 W

6 x 1 6560 W 6670 W

Table 6. The Nokia MetroSite WCDMA Base Station power consumption

Configuration Indoor Outdoor

Omni, 1 carrier 800 W 930 W

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9.2. Interfaces

NOTE

In the Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Station all the

connections are done through the top of the cabinet and in theNokia WCDMA MetroSite Base Station allthe connections are

done through the bottom of the cabinet..

Iub- connection to RNC

The connector for the Iub is found at the top of the cabinet. Transmission

configurations are explained in chapter "Transmission Interface".

LMT Local Management Tool interface

There is a connection for a Local Management Tool for commissioning, operations,maintenance and testing of the BTS. It gives access for testing and manipulating theBTS via a local LMT terminal. Both RS232 type serial connection and Ethernet

connection are possible.

Antenna connectors

Antenna feeders are connected to BTS antenna connections. The maximum number

of antenna connections depends on cabinet type. Antenna connectors are of 7/16

type in UltraSite and N-type in MetroSite. For RX connections between thecabinets there are also rf connectors available to connect several cabinets together

(to achieve higher capacity configurations).

Control bus for Site Support and Radio Links

The connection between the Base Station cabinet and site support system cabinet,

and also between the BTS and any Nokia Radio Link equipment on the site. This

interface carries initialisation and control data and signalling from the Base Stationcabinet to the site support system cabinet and to the Radio Link equipment. It also

carries alarms from the site support system cabinet and the Radio Link equipment

to the Base Station. The connector can be found at the top of the Base Stationcabinet and at the top of the site support cabinet.

Power Feeding

The power supply for the Base Station is connected to the power feed connectors atthe top of the cabinet. Voltages can be connected to the DC connectors or AC

connectors.

External Alarms and Controls

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Product Overview


External alarms and control signals. For collecting simple ON/OFF type externalalarms (24) from any equipment external to the BTS, and for providing ON/OFF

type control signals (6) for controlling any external devices.

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Product Overview


10. SITE SOLUTIONS

10.1. Masthead Amplifier (MHA)

To extend the coverage capability an optional masthead amplifier is provided. It is

a one-box unit, to be installed at the top of a tower. The purpose of this unit is to

compensate the loss of the received signal in the antenna cables and to improve linkbudget. Masthead Amplifier can be used with duplexed connections into antennas

i.e. transmitter and receiver are in the same antenna connection.

Figure 10-1. Using MHA with Nokia Outdoor Base Station and Support

cabinet

10.2. Nokia UltraSite Support

Nokia provides a complete Base Station site package to operators. This includes

power systems, batteries, transmission, antenna systems and complementarysystems like installation materials. The Nokia UltraSite Support cabinet is

developed to provide power system, battery back-up and space for external

OutdoorBS

Bias-T

Bias-T

SiteSupport

MH

A

MH

A

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Product Overview


transmission equipment. This space can be utilised with Nokia suppliedtransmission equipment and with other suppliers equipment as well.

In WCDMA, the UltraSite Support cabinet has been designed to support bothindoor and outdoor versions of the BTS. Functionality of both versions of UltraSite

Support is exactly the same. The only difference is that the indoor model is

designed to be used in the same environmental conditions as the UltraSiteWCDMA Base Station Indoor. The UltraSite Support Outdoor cabinet is again

designed to match the outdoor specifications of the BTS. The Base Station cabinet

and the Support cabinet fit together as a single entity with exactly the same physicalappearance. The figure below shows the similarity between UltraSite Support and

Outdoor cabinets.

Figure 10-2. Nokia UltraSIte WCDMA Base Station Outdoor cabinet with

Support cabinet

All connections between the cabinets are done under the cabinet roof. From the

NMS management point of view both cabinets can be treated as a single BaseStation site. The NMS is capable of collecting alarms and doing necessary control

functions for the Support cabinet as well as the Base Station.

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Product Overview


11. GSM CO-SITING

When utilising existing GSM Base Station sites the compatibility of the WCDMABase Station to existing Nokia BTSs is a major issue. Nokia has designed the

WCDMA Base Station so that it can be installed as easily as possible to an existing

site. The figure below illustrates the principle how this can be achieved.

Figure 11-1. Combining WCDMA Base Station with GSM Base Station to

same antenna feeder with diplexer and Bias-T

Compatibility has been considered for the following areas:

Mechanics

Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS has similar floor space requirement ascorresponding GSM BTSs have, and share the same fixing points.

Dimensions of cabinets are about the same as in GSM.

The appearance of Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS and GSM BTS cabinetsis the same.

Bias-T Bias-T

Di-plexer

Di-plexer

MHA

MHA

Bias-T

Bias-T

WCDMA

BSGSMBTS

Iub

Abis/IubTo/FromBSC/RNC

Diplexer

Diplexer

Pwr

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Power System

When Nokia UltraSite WCDMA Base Stations are installed to existing GSM sites,

the same kind of connections and power supplies can be used.

Existing alarm connections can be connected to the WCDMA BTS aswell, like fire alarm, door alarm etc. Customer-specific alarm input and

control output electrical specifications are the same, thus allowing full

interchangeability between connections.

Common UltraSite Support cabinet can be used for both GSM andWCDMA.

Antennas

To minimise the work to add WCDMA antennas to GSM Base Station sites, someof the existing antenna infrastructure can be reused.

A diplexer is an attractive way to add a WCDMA BTS to existing sites ifthe additional loss can be tolerated in the antenna line. Actual losses are

dependent on the combination but for example in the GSM 900 /WCDMAcase typical loss is less than 0.5 dB. Nokia will supply diplexers to all

needed combinations.

Bias-T is a component to be able to feed power to MHA in antenna towerusing antenna feeder. Nokia BTS supports these kinds of connections up to

maximum number of antennas.

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Product Overview


Figure 11-2 WCDMA BTS can be co-sited with GSM

Commissioning, Integration and Management

The Local Management Tool, LMT, will provide support for both WCDMA and

new generation GSM systems. This would allow personnel to do commissioning

and integration with the same tools i.e. same PC. They would only use differentapplication software for the different Base Station technologies.

Transmission

Transmission in existing sites can be efficiently utilised when WCDMA is added.This has been a very important transmission design criteria for WCDMA Base

Stations.

The Nokia WCDMA BTS is capable of connecting to existing PDH/SDHnetworks. If there is excess capacity or possibility to increase capacity inthose networks, WCDMA Base Stations are able to use it.

Same kind of physical interfaces will be used in both GSM and WCDMAsystems. This will allow easy connection to the existing transmission.

Transmission capacity can be shared by using fractional E1's or circuitemulation.

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Product Overview


12. RELIABILITY

The BTS is designed to meet the availability targets of the highest standard.Simplicity and the speed of maintenance procedures are the prerequisites for the

high availability of the Base Station. The maintenance is improved by modularity

of the equipment, automatic fault detection procedures and elimination of thedowntime by using redundancy of the units.

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Product Overview


13. ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

The Nokia WCDMA Base Stations have been designed to meet operationalrequirements in different environments. Different models are available for indoor

and outdoor usage. Outdoor usage means that the cabinet is exposed fully to the

outside air and climate. No additional protection against weather is required. TheTable 7 lists the environmental specifications for the Nokia BTS.

Table 7. Environmental specifications and requirements

Indoor Cabinets Outdoor Cabinets

Temperature Range [C] -5 - +50 -33 - +50

Transportation ETSI 300 019-1-2, Class2.2, climate conditions

according to class 2.3

ETSI 300 019-1-2, Class2.2, climate conditions

according to class 2.3

Storage ETSI 300 019-1-1, Class1.3E, IEC class 1M4

ETSI 300 019-1-1, Class1.3E, IEC class 1M4

Operational ETSI 300 019-1-3, class 3.2 ETSI 300 019-1-4, class 4.1

and IEC class 4M3

Noise

Night Time (1+1+1 config.

in +15 C)

56 dB(A) 56 dB(A)

Day Time (1+1+1 config. in

+23 C)

65 dB(A) 65 dB(A)

Ingress Protection[According to

Specification]

IP20 IP55

Safety [According to

Specification]

IEC-950, UL1950 and

EN6950

IEC-950, UL1950 and

EN6950

Earthquake Requirements[According to

ETSI 300 019, 1-3/1-4 ETSI 300 019, 2-3/2-4

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Product Overview


Specification]

13.1. EMC Compatibility

EMC compatibility of the Nokia WCDMA Base Station is according to following

specifications:

89/336/EEC (1989): Council Directive on the approximation of the laws of theMember States relating to electromagnetic compatibility

13.1.1. EMC Emission

EN500081-1 (1992): "Electromagnetic compatibility Generic emission

standard. Part 1: Residential, commercial and light industry".

EN55022 (1994): "Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance

characteristics of information technology equipment".

CISPR Publication No. 16-1 (1993): Specification for radio disturbance andimmunity measuring apparatus and methods". (Note that this corresponds to theJapanese VCCI requirements).

IEC 61000-3-2: "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3: Limits - Section2: Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current =< 16 A) ".

IEC 61000-3-3: "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3: Limits - Section

3: Limitation of voltage fluctuations and flicker in low-voltage supply systemsfor equipment with rated current =

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EN 61000-4-6 (1996): "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4: Testingand measurement techniques Section 6: Immunity to conducted disturbancesinduced by radio-frequency fields".

EN 61000-4-11 (1996): "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4:Testing and measurement techniques Section 11: Voltage dips, short

interruptions and voltage variations, immunity tests".

EN 61000-4-5 (1996): "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4: Testingand measurement techniques Section 5: Surge immunity tests".

IEC 1000-4-9: Pulse magnetic field immunity test.

IEC 1000-4-8: "Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Part 4. Testing andmeasurement techniques Section 8: Power frequency magnetic field immunity

test, Basic EMC Publication"

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