Le Corbusier, United Nations Headquarters, NYC, 1947-53Raymond Hood, McGraw Hill, NYC, 1930

Le Corbusier Raymond Hood

1887-1965Swiss // French

ArchitectDesigner Urbanist

WriterPainter

1881-1934American

Architect

The FIVE point of Architecture

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ROOF GARDEN

PILOTIS

RIBBON WINDOWS

Villa Savoye (1928) Unite d’Habitation (1952)

UNITED NATIONS HEADQUARTERS

Palace of Assembly(1955)

Heidi Weber Museum(1867)

DEVELOPING HIS MAISON-DOMINO (A SET BUILDING PROTOTYPE)

IN 1917 HE PUBLISHED HIS BOOK --TOWARDS A NEW ARCHITECTURE-- AFTER 1922 HIS IDEAS

BEGAN TO TAKE PHYSI-CAL FORM WITH THE

FIVE POINTS OF ARCHI-TECTURE.

DURING WORLD WAR II HE MAINLY PRODUCED

THEORIES AND IDEAS FOR A UTOPIAN ENVI-

RONMENT COMING UP WITH THE UNITE

D’HABITATION IN 1947. HIS POST WAR BUILD-INGS REJECTED THE

EARLIER INDUSTRIAL FORM WITH BRUTE CON-

CRETE AND ARTICU-LATED STRUCTURE.

McGraw Hill

Tribune Tower (1924)

Masonic Templer (1930)

Rockefeller Center(1933)

MAINLY WORKED IN THE ART DECO STYLE. HAS BEEN EDUCATED BOTH IN MIT AND THE ECOLE DES BEAUX-ARTS IN PARIS. MOST OF HIS BUILDINGS WERE HIGH RISERS.HE TRAVELED CON-STANTLY BETWEEN EUROPE AND AMERICA UNTIL 1914 WHEN HE ESTAB-LISHED HIS OFFICE IN NEW YORK CITY.HIS FIRST MAJOR COMMISSION ONLY ARRIVED IN 1922 WITH THE CHICAGO TRI-BUNE, A TOWER THAT HAD GOTHIC REVIVAL DETAILS. EACH PROJ-ECT THAT FALLOWED HAD LESS AND LESS GOTHIC VOCABULARY UNTIL AT THE END OF HIS CAREER THE BUILDINGS HELD A SIMPLE GEOMETRIC MONUMENTALLY.

BUILDING ANALYSIS- HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE IV

Sainte Mariw de La Tourette (1956)

National Museum of Western Art (1957)

Esther ZiporiKseniya Kudlai

The UN facade is a simple grid curtain wall. It is a

great example of the Inter-national Style.

The city reflects on the facade facing the city, there is the complete absence of

ornamentation, it is a smooth surface with a sym-metrical grid of repeating

elements.

The grid is simple as are the materials used for the

facade creating a clean and clear facade. Almost a clean

canvas for light and shad-ows.

The McGraw Building Facade with its blue-green glazed terra cotta tiles is considered as One of the

most ambitious uses of the material.

A great example of the modern style at the time.

The building steel frame has many striped exterior strips

running horizontally and vertically.

Due to the buildings facade some historians consider

the McGraw building as the in between stage from Art

Deco into the International style.

In the case of the UN building, the setback regulations did not affect the shape of the building -it is a simple rectilinear volume. The prob-lem is solved by pushing the building away from the street edge and

creating a plaza. At the same time, the plain volume of the UN building doesn't reference the indoor activities.

The McGraw Hill building opens up to all four sides, maximizing the amount of daylight indoors.

The narrow block of the UN building has glazing on two larger facades only. Having mostly east-west orientation the building struggles with

heat gain and light control.

Simple geometric forms and lack of ornamentation make the McGraw Hill building being viewed as one of

the first examples of International style.

On the other hand, the UN building is a clear instance of this style. It also refers to the functionality and purpose of the building which houses international organization and ideally has to be free from the cultural references.

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s The shape of the McGraw Hill building was a result of setback regula-tions for the NYC. Located between 41st and 42nd street, the building

gradually steps back to let the daylight reach the streets.

The form of the building also reflects the functions inside: the lower floors are occupied with the printing company, the tower houses office

space, while the top part(crown) holds the executive offices.

be free from the cultural references.

The McGraw Hill building is located in the hearth of Manhattan within the dense city grid. Two

edges of the building meet the streets. The mass of the building occupies the center of the block.

The UN building is a part of a large complex and is a focus point of it. It is separated from the street edge by a plaza in front and faces a large mass of water - East river on the other side. However, the building follows the established grid of the city.

The progression of Raymond Hood High raiser in NYC Project 23A- Le Corbusier original scheme for the United Nations

Kilham, Walter H., “Raymond Hood, Architect Form Through Function in the American Skyscraper”, Architectual book Publishing Co, Inc. P 171-179, 1973, New York.Jeanneret-Gris, Charles, “UN Headquarters”, Reinhold Publishing Corporation, 1947, New York

“https://sites.google.com/site/walkingoffthebigapple/raymondhood%2Cpart2”Walk Through the Big Apple, , Feb 24, 2012

WORK CITED

Giedion, Sigfried, “Space Time and Architecture, The Growth of a New Tradition”, Giedion, P. 554-575, 1982, USAMallgrane, Harry Francis, “Modern Architectual Theroy A Historical Survey, 1673-1968”, Cambridge University Press, P. 343-354, 2005, NY.