Building Schools

• Watch video clip and answer questions• How is Kaguri’s mission similar to Mortenson’s

mission?– Approaches? Goals?

1. Where did most of the early trade routes begin?

Ancient Kingdoms

• Ghana– 700 AD– Gold for salt– Capital Kumbi

• Mali– Center was Timbuktu– Mansa Musa

• Songhai

European Colonization

• 1200s– Trade: word spread about wealth of African

kingdoms to Europe

• Slave Trade– System already in place before 800s

• Kingdoms trade slaves• Arab traders bought and sold slaves• 1500-1800s: European Slave trade

• Where did most slaves go?

• Effect of slave trade– 1.– 2.

Scramble for Africa1885-1914

Video clip

Colonization• Continent = ATM

machine– Source for raw materials– Market for manufactured

goods • Problems

– Boundaries– Religion

• Disrupt traditional way of life

– Change local economies• Plantation economies

• Independence:– Post World War

II– Ethiopia – Liberia

• Always Ind.

Independence

• Most gain independence post 1945• Challenges:

– New identities– Old eco system: meet Europe’s needs, not country– No model for democracy

• Rival ethnic groups struggle for power

• What other legacy?– Language– Infrastructure

Apartheid

Video clip on Apartheid

South Africa• British Colony

– Originally settled by the Dutch: Boers

– Small white majority left in charge (1910)

• Apartheid: 1948-1993– System of legal

separation of races– School, work, medical

care, etc• How did it end?

• 1960s: South Africa’s eco is GREAT!• 1970s: Protest grow• 1980s: more protest, finally international

community on board: Apartheid is a bad idea • 1990-1993: President De Klerk negotiate with

African National Congress (Nelson Mandela)– End with 1994 elections– Universal suffrage

End of Apartheid

Video clip on Apartheid

Which countries have low population densities?

What physical features account for this fact?

Might these countries’ population patterns change in the future?

Conflict Minerals

• Child soldiers

• Hyperlinks for video clips

Rwanda: After the Genocide• Congo: pictures

• Hyperlinks for video clips

• Religious groups– Syncretism?

??

ReligionTraditional Religions

Animism: all entities are connected

•Connection with dead ancestors

•Respect for dead and other sprits important

•Coming of age rituals

•Offerings to ancestor

•Community led by powerful, spiritual leader

Chapter 21 section 3

• Answer q’s pages: 518 (4,5); 524 (4); 529 (4,5)

Cultural Features

The Arts Lifestyles

How many different language groups are there?

What is the largest language group?