BUILDING SERVICES

SUBMITTED BY:13607,13608,13609,13610,13611,13612

CONTENTS:• WIRING IN MULTISTOREY BUILDINGS• INTERNAL WIRING SYSTEMS 1. CLEAT WIRING 2. BATTEN WIRING 3. CAPPING AND CASING WIRING 4. CONDUIT WIRING• ELECTRIC FUSE• MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCB)• EARTH LEAKAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER (ELCB)• CONTROL PANEL

INTERNAL WIRING SYSTEM IN A MULTI STOREY BUILDING:

1. SINGLE PHASE ELECTRIC WIRING SYSTEM

2. THREE PHASE ELCTRIC WIRING SYSTEM

ELECTRICAL WIRING IN MULTI STOREY BUILDING

SINGLE PHASE WIRING SYSTEM:

1. Connect The Single-phase Energy Meter As Shown In Fig.

2. Connect The Mccb (Moulded Case Circuit Breaker) As A Two Pole Main Switch To The Incoming Phase And Neutral (P And N)) From 1-phase Energy Meter

3. Now Connect The Outgoing Phase And Neutral (P And N) From MCCB To The DP Of Each Storey.

4. Also Connect The Neutral Wires To Rcds And Then To Neutral Links And Then To Specific Loads 

5. Connect All Loads With Earth Link And Earth Link Must Be Connected To The Earth Electrode Viva Earth Lead

6. Use The Main Breaker With Proper Rating I.E. Which Carry The Total Load Current Of All Distribution Boards Of Each Storey But Install The Breaker In Sub Distribution Board According To That Desired Storey I.E. Fans, Lights Etc In One Storey And So On For Other Storey.

Distribution system in general: single phase and three phase wiring

RCD: An RCD, Or Residual Current Device, Is A Life-saving Device Which Is Designed To Prevent You From Getting A Fatal Electric Shock If You Touch Something Live, Such As A Bare Wire. It Can Also Provide Some Protection Against Electrical Fires.

3 PHASE WIRING SYSTEM: 1. First Of All, Connect The Three-

phase Energy Meter As Shown In Fig. 

2. Connect The Mccb (Moulded Case Circuit Breaker) As Three Pole Main Switch To The Incoming Three Phases (R, Y, B) From 3-phase Energy Meter

3. Now Connect The Outgoing Phases (R, Y, B) From MCCB To The DP (Double Pole MCB , RCD, SP (Single Pole Mcbs And Load) Of Each Storey.

4. Also Connect The Neutral Wires To Rcds And Then To Neutral Links And Then To Specific Loads

5. Connect All Loads With Earth Link And Earth Link Must Be Connected To The Earth Electrode Viva Earth Lead

6. Use The Main Breaker With Proper Rating I.E. Which Carry The Total Load Current Of All Distribution Boards Of Each Storey But Install The Breaker In Sub Distribution Board According To That Desired Storey I.E. Fans, Lights Etc In One Storey And So On For Other Storey.

INTERNAL WIRING SYTEMS

Types of Wiring :

1.  Cleat Wiring 2.  Batten Wiring 3.  Casing Capping wiring 4.  Conduit Wiring

CLEAT WIRING:• Electric Wiring On Cleats Or Insulated Supports Which Are M

ounted On A Wall Or Other Surface, leaving The Wiring Exposed.

Cleat wiring is divided into:1.One groove cleat 2.Two groove cleat 3.Three groove cleat

Cleat with one groove

Cleats Are Devided Into Two Halves: Uper Half And Bottom Half(with Groove For Wire To Fit In.The Cleats Are Then Tightened And Fixed On To The Walls With Screws.

MERITS OF CLEAT WIRING:1.Best Suited For Temporary Installations.2.One Of The Cheapest Wiring System3.The Wiring Can Be Easily Installed, Inspected And Altered.4.Wiring Can Be Dismantled Without Any Damage To Wall, Wire And Cleats.

DEMERITS OF CLEAT WIRING:1.Aesthetically Not Pleasing2.After Some Duration Sag Is Produced In The Wire.3.Wiring System Is Not Safe And Durable.4.Weather Conditions Are Directly Affected On The Cable. Hence, Risk Of Fire.

BATTEN WIRING: In This Wiring System, Wires Sheathed In Tough Rubber Are Used Which Are Quite Flexible. They Are Clipped On Wooden Battens With Brass Clips And Fixed On The Walls Or Ceilings By Flat Head Screws.

Types:1. PVC Batten Wiring.2. CTS/ TRS Wiring (Tough Rubber-sheathed Wiring): These Cables Are Moisture And Chemical Proof. They Are Suitable For Damp Climate But Not For Outdoor Use In Sunlight.3. Lead Sheath Wiring.

Batten strip

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Link clips: Link clips are used for family clipping the cables in position.

TYPES OF JOINTS:

Straight joint

Vertical joint

Vertical joint

Cross joint

Bridge jointTee joint

•Merits:• Easily Installed And Is Durable.• Lower Risk Or Short Circuit.• Cheaper Then Casing And Capping System Of Wiring.• Gives A Good Appearance If Properly Erected.

• Demerits:• Danger Of Mechanical Injury• Danger Of Fire Hazard• Should Not Be Exposed To Direct Sunlight• Skilled Workmen Are Required.

CASING AND CAPPING WIRING SYSTEM:

In This Wiring, Cables Like Vulcanized Rubber, Insulated Cables Or Plastic Insulated Cables Are Use And Carried Within The Wood Casing Enclosures.

CASING AND CAPPING WIRING:

CONDUIT WIRING:a conduit is defined as a tube or channel. Tubular conduit is the most commonly used material in electrical installations. When cables are drawn through the conduit and terminated at the outlet or switch points, the system of wiring is called conduit wiring.

1.  Couplers 2.  Elbow 3.  Bends 4.  Tee 5.  Circular boxes 6.  Rectangular boxes.

PVC Fittings and accessories couplers

BATTEN WIRING

ELECTRIC FUSEA Fuse Is A Type Of Low Resistance Resistor That Acts As A Sacrificial Device To Provide Over Current Protection, Of Either The Load Or Source Circuit.

A Metal Wire Or Strip  Melts When Too Much Current Flows Through It, Interrupting The Circuit That It Connects.

Consequences Of Excessive Current Short Circuits, Overloading, Mismatched Loads, Or Device Failure

MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER

Automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. 

Detect a fault condition and interrupt current flow.

ELCB (EARTH LEAKAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER)

A safety device used in electrical installations with high earth impedance to prevent shock.

Phase (line), Neutral and Earth wire connected through ELCB.

TYPES OF ELCB1. Voltage Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker (voltage-ELCB)2. Current Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker (Current-ELCB).

CONTROL PANEL1. Use to regulate 

functioning of electrical equipment's.

2. They are used to protect electrical equipment's from being damaged due to short circuit and overloading.

3. They are enclosures fabricated out of sheet metal which can be open, semi enclosed or totally enclosed type.

4. Direct and controls electric power to equipment and appliances.

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