Bullying in British schools

Name:Albu Naomi

Grade:12th E

Table of contents:1.About racism

1.1 What is racism?

1.2 The history of racism

2.Bullying in schools

2.1 Point of view

2.2 Why are people racist ?

3. The effects of bullying

3.1 What is bully?

3.2 Forms of agressions

Argument

I have chosen this topic because I consider each one of us have equal rights and so , we have to respect another person , even if they look different or think in a different way as us.

Nowadays,people have forgotten they should take care of others and care about other’s lives because if we help others, we will have an easier life and maybe make some new friends.

I believe it is important not to discriminate others, but love and support them whenever possible.

Precis

The topic is about Bullying in British schools.

Its main part are :Introduction,two chapters regarding a definition of racism and the history of it.In the next chapter,we will see how some people can be bad even they have no reasons and why this disease it is so spread in the world.

In the next chapter, I will present “What is bully ? “and “Forms of agressions in schools”.We will find out why some kids are iresponsable and bully others and also that there are three forms of agressions in schools: verbal and physical aggression.

Introduction Bullying is the use of force, threat, or coercion to abuse, intimidate, or aggressively impose domination over others. The behavior is often repeated and habitual. One essential prerequisite is the perception, by the bully or by others, of an imbalance of social or physical power. Behaviors used to assert such domination can include verbal harassment or threat, physical assault or coercion, and such acts may be directed repeatedly towards particular targets. Justifications and rationalizations for such behavior sometimes include differences of class, race, religion, gender, sexuality, appearance, behavior, strength, size or

ability. If bullying is done by a group, it is called mobbing. "Targets" of bullying are also sometimes referred to as "victims" of bullying.

Bullying can be defined in many different ways. The UK currently has no legal definition of bullying, while some U.S. states have laws against it. Bullying consists of four basic types of abuse – emotional (sometimes called relational), verbal, physical, and cyber. It typically involves subtle methods of coercion such as intimidation.

1.About racism

1.1 What is racism ?

Racism is the convinction that the members of one race are superior to the members of other races. Racism is generally defined as actions, practices or beliefs, or social or political systems that are based in views that see the human species to be divided into races with shared traits, abilities, or qualities, such as personality, intellect, morality, or other cultural behavioral characteristics, and especially the belief that races can be ranked as inherently superior or inferior to others, or that members of different races should be treated differently.

The exact definition of racism is controversial both because there is little scholarly agreement about the meaning of the concept "race", and because there is also little agreement about what does and does not constitute discrimination.

1.2 The history of racism

Racism began years ago, when African Americans were discriminated by Whites.

Nowadays, there is still several of us who discriminate people because of the colour of their skin or their background.

Racism is the belief that a particular race is superior or inferior to another, that a person’s social and moral traits are

predetermined by his or her inborn biological characteristics. Racial separatism is the belief, most of the time based on racism, that different races should remain segregated and apart from one another.

Racism has existed throughout human history. It may be defined as the hatred of one person by another or the belief that another person is less than human because of skin color, language, customs, place of birth or any factor that supposedly reveals the basic nature of that person. It has influenced wars, slavery, the formation of nations, and legal codes.

During the past 500-1000 years, racism on the part of Western powers toward non-

Westerners has had a far more significant impact on history than any other form of racism (such as racism among Western groups or among Easterners, such as Asians, Africans, and others). The most notorious example of racism by the West has been slavery, particularly the enslavement of Africans in the New World (slavery itself dates back thousands of years). This enslavement was accomplished because of the racist belief that Black Africans were less fully human than white Europeans and their descendants.

This belief was not "automatic": that is, Africans were not originally considered inferior. When Portuguese sailors first explored Africa in the 15th and 16th centuries, they came upon empires and cities as advanced as their own, and they considered Africans to be serious rivals. Over time, though, as African civilizations failed to match the technological advances of Europe, and the major European powers began to plunder the continent and forcibly remove its inhabitants to work as slave laborers in new colonies across the Atlantic, Africans came to be seen as a deficient "species," as "savages." To an important extent, this view was necessary to justify

the slave trade at a time when Western culture had begun to promote individual rights and human equality. The willingness of some Africans to sell other Africans to European slave traders also led to claims of savagery, based on the false belief that the "dark people" were all kinsmen, all part of one society - as opposed to many different, sometimes warring nations.

One important feature of racism, especially toward Blacks and immigrant groups, is clear in attitudes regarding slaves and slavery. Jews are usually seen by anti-Semites as subhuman but also superhuman: devilishly cunning, skilled, and powerful. Blacks and others are seen by racists as

merely subhuman, more like beasts than men. If the focus of anti-Semitism is evil, the focus of racism is inferiority -- directed toward those who have sometimes been considered to lack even the ability to be evil (though in the 20th century, especially, victims of racism are often considered morally degraded).

In the second half of the 19th century, Darwinism, the decline of Christian belief, and growing immigration were all perceived by many white Westerners as a threat to their cultural control. European and, to a lesser degree, American scientists and philosophers devised a false racial "science" to "prove" the supremacy of non-Jewish

whites. While the Nazi annihilation of Jews discredited most of these supposedly scientific efforts to elevate one race over another, small numbers of scientists and social scientists have continued throughout the 20th century to argue the inborn shortcomings of certain races, especially Blacks. At the same time, some public figures in the American Black community have championed the supremacy of their own race and the inferiority of whites - using nearly the identical language of white racists.

All of these arguments are based on a false understanding of race; in fact, contemporary scientists are not agreed on whether race is a valid way to classify

people. What may seem to be significant "racial" differences to some people - skin color, hair, facial shape - are not of much scientific significance.

2.Bullying in schools

2.1 Point of view

Kids bully for many reasons.Some bully because they feel insecure.Picking on someone who seems emotionally or physically weaker provides a feeling of being more important, popular,or in control.In other cases,kids bully because they simply don’t know that it’s unacceptable to pick on kids who are different because of the size,looks , race or religion.These kids are likely to need help learning to manage anger and hurt,

frustration, or other strong emotions.Some kids who bully at schools are copying behavior that they see at home.Kids who are exposed to aggressive and unkind interactions in the family often learn to treat others the same way.

2.2 Why are people racist ?

Racism comes from ignorance and fear brought on by stereotypes. All people are created equal. On the inside, people of different races are all the same. A person's skin color has nothing to do with what kind of person he or she will become or what choices he or she will make. Racism has existed for hundreds of years and will exist

for hundreds more. You don't need to be a part of it.

3.The effects of bullying

3.1 What is bully ?

Bullying can be defined in many different ways. The UK currently has no legal definition of bullying, while some U.S. states have laws against it. Bullying consists of four basic types of abuse – emotional (sometimes called relational), verbal, physical, and cyber. It typically involves subtle methods of coercion such as intimidation.

Bullying ranges from simple one-on-one bullying to more complex bullying in which the bully may have one or more "lieutenants" who may seem to be willing to assist the primary bully in his or her bullying activities. Bullying in school and the workplace is also referred to as peer abuse.

A bullying culture can develop in any context in which human beings interact with each other. This includes school, family, the workplace, home, and neighborhoods. In a 2012 study of male adolescent football players, "the strongest predictor was the perception of whether the most influential male in a player's life would approve of the bullying behavior.

3.2 Forms of aggression in schools

There are two important forms of aggression : physical and verbal aggression.

Physical Bullying

There is evidence of increasing use of physical bullying behaviour by girls.

Physical bullying includes hitting, punching, kicking, biting, pinching, choking, slapping, scratching, poking and also includes destruction of property.

Verbal Bullying

Sticks and stones may break your bones but words are ghosts that haunt you.

Verbal bullying is the most common form of bullying behaviour. It includes: name calling, insults, teasing, mimicking, aggressive use of language, making fun of people, whispering and derogatory remarks.

Bullying is about the abuse of power. Children who bully abuse their power to hurt others, deliberately and repeatedly. They are often hot-tempered, inflexible, overly confident, and don’t like to follow rules. Often they lack empathy and many

also like inflicting pain on others. They often seek out to dominate and control others. They perceive hostile intent where there isn’t one. Overreact aggressively to ambiguous situations, and hold beliefs that support violence.

In the preschool years, bullies often use direct verbal bullying and physical power to control material objects or territory. They may not have the skills necessary to interact in socially appropriate ways.

In the elementary school years, bullies are more inclined to use threats and physical force. It is also combined with direct verbal bullying, to make victims do things that they do not want to do. During

this time period, some children may begin to use indirect bullying to exclude peers from their social circle and activities.

In the middle and high school years, bullies rely on direct verbal bullying such as name-calling and making threatening remarks. Quite often this includes physical bullying such as pushing and hitting. Both boys and girls engage in physical bullying. But unlike boys, girls are more likely to participate in indirect, relational bullying, that often includes rumor-spreading and social exclusion. Use of the Internet or cell phones to send these hurtful messages takes a lead role. Boys during this time tend to rely on bullying to enhance their physical

dominance, girls tend to use it to enhance their social status.

Children also bully in groups. Children may join in because they look up to the bully and want to impress him or her. Often though it is because they are afraid and do not want to be attacked themselves.

In conclusion,if we are students in schools or if we have experienced bullying, we need to know that there are different ways to solve this major problem that can have negative effects on our behavior.One of them is to tell your parents or to talk to a psychiatric.

Bibliography

1.Stop bullying me by Aaron Greem

2.Bullying in schools by Brad Charson

3.Bullying at schools- What we can do by David Olweus

4.The bully at classroom by Ellen Craig

5.The feeling of inferiority at school by Lenon Mirch

6.The behavior of kids who bully by Maddy Jane

7.Bullying prevention by Nicky Previnson

8.A story about Bullying by Pillat Olsen

9.Racism is not a solution by Rhyne Merde

10. Stop bullying in schools by Zayn Freddie

www.projectbritainschools.com

www.bullyingprevention.com

Appendix