HANTAVIRUS
BUNYAVIRUS Genus Hantavirus (Hantaviruses)
HFRS and HPS Transmissions: inhaling aerosols rodent excreta (urine,feces,saliva)
TRANSMISSION
TRANSMISSION
HEMORRHAGIC FEVER WITH RENAL SYNDROME (HFRS) Hantaan Virus (Apodemus agrarius)
and Dobrava virus Acute viral infection Interstitial nephritis, acute renal
insufficiency and renal failure (severe form)
Nephropathia epidemica (Puumala virus)
Treatment: supportive therapy Prevention: rodent control
HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME (HPS)
Novel hantavirus (Sin Nombre virus) Severe (>30%) Reservoir: deer mouse (Peromyscus
maniculatus) New York Virus, Black Creek Canal virus &
Bayou virus(U.S.A) Andes virus (Argentina and Chile) Choclo virus (Panama)
HPS RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS
Bilateral interstitial infiltrates Moderate to rapid progression
Bilateral alveolar infiltrates Pleural effusion Normal heart size
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS:
Fever, headache, and myalgia Progressive pulmonary edema, severe
respiratory compromise No hemorrhage Hantaviral Ag: endothelial cells and
macrophages in heart, lung, spleen, and lymph nodes
Pathogenesis: impairment of vascular endothelium
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS:
Detection of viral nucleic acid (reverse transcriptase-PCR)
Immunohistochemistry of viral Ag (fixed tissues)
Detection of specific Ab (recombinant proteins)
ELISA (IgM) Fourfold rise in titer (IgG)
[diagnostic]
THERAPY adequate
oxygenation of hemodynamic functioning
Ribavirin (HPS)
Prevention:
Rodent/Vector controlAvoid inhalation of aerosolized dried excretaHygiene
QUESTIONS