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BURNHAM PAVILION BY UNSTUDIO
Dutch architects UNStudio last week unveiled designs for a temporary pavilion for Millennium Park in Chicago.
The structure, along with a second designed by Zaha Hadid, will be erected in the park from 19 June to 31 October.
Update 16/04/09: see our story on Zaha’s pavilion here.
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The pavilions will celebrate the centenary of 1909 Plan of Chicago, also known as the Burnham Plan, which set out ways
to improve the city.
Here’s a statement from UNStudio followed by all you’ll ever need to know about the Burnham Plan Centennial:
–
UNStudio, Burnham Pavilion, Chicago
Placed on a unique location in the middle of Millennium Park and framed by Lake Michigan on one side and Michigan
Avenue on the other, the UNStudio pavilion relates to diverse citycontexts, programs and scales. Programmatically the
pavilion invites people to gather, walk around and through and to explore and observe. The UNStudio pavilion is
sculptural, highly accessible and functions as an urban activator.
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Based on the specificity of the site, the design of the pavilion elaborates on the relationship to the existing rigid
geometry, but it also introduces a floating and multidirectional space. It orients itself to the city texture, to the flows of
visitors exploring Millennium Park and most importantly introduces diverse vistas towards the park and city
surroundings. The pavilion is open at its sides, between the two horizontal planes of the podium and roof.
The design of the UNStudio pavilion initially uses the orthogonal setup of the city and park grid. The edges of the
pavilion follow the strict grid system of the surrounding city and park geometry. Burnham’s Plan one hundred years ago
introduced this generic grid as the main generator of the city texture. However alongside this he also introduced a
device to read both specificity and variation in the form of the diagonal boulevards, thereby creating specific vistas
throughout the city.
The UNStudio pavilion operates in a similar way, but in contrast uses the entire spectrum of 360 degrees. Instead of
Burnham’s tectonic layering of the city, the pavilion introduces a gradient between its ingredients of floor, wall and
ceiling in a floating and continuous form. The hierarchy of the horizontal or vertical plane is converted into an
understanding of a space as continuous transformation and fluidity. The initially horizontal panorama on top of the
pavilion’s podium smoothly shifts diagonally into the three roof openings, framing vertical views of the city skyline. The
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ambivalence of directionality and the introduction of continuous flow in the structure allows for a smooth openingup
of spaces, directions and, importantly, the most diverse vistas from which to frame and read the city context.
Material:
Main: Steel structure of columns in the three “legs” of the pavilion and horizontal steel beams
Secondary: wooden rib structure to form smooth geometry
Third: plywood paneling to form skin of pavilion
Finish: bondo (=elastic plaster) and paint
Light installation:
To emphasize the shape and geometry of the building also through the night, a sophisticated lighting device is
introduced. Built into the podium of the pavilion, a system of 49 LED lights illuminates the fluid forms of the structure in
between the two horizontal levels of podium and roof. In realtime the ever changing animation of light varies in
intensity, color and, interactively, the rhythm of activation.
Project credits:
UNStudio
Ben van Berkel, Caroline Bos with Christian Veddeler, Wouter de Jonge and HansPeter Nuenning, Ioana Sulea
Garofalo Architects.
Douglas Garofalo with Grant Gibson
Profile UNStudio
UNStudio, founded in 1988 by Ben van Berkel and Caroline Bos, is a Dutch architectural design studio specializing in
architecture, urban development and infrastructural projects. The name, UNStudio, stands for United Network
referring to the collaborative nature of the practice. At the basis of the practice are a number of longterm goals, which
are intended to define and guide the quality of our performance in the architectural field. We strive to make a
significant contribution to the discipline of architecture; continue to develop our qualities with respect to design,
technology, knowledge and management and to be a specialist in public network projects. We see as mutually
sustaining the environment, market demands and client wishes that enable our work, and we aim for results in which
our goals and our client’s goals overlap.
The office is composed of individuals from all over the world with backgrounds and technical training in numerous
fields. As a network practice, a highly flexible methodological approach has been developed which incorporates
parametric designing and collaborations with leading specialists in other disciplines. Drawing on the knowledge found
in related fields facilitates the exploration of comprehensive strategies which combine programmatic requirements,
construction and movement studies into an integrated design.
Based in Amsterdam, the office has worked internationally since its inception and has produced a wide range of work
ranging from public buildings, infrastructure, offices, residential, products, to urban masterplans. Pivotal UNStudio
projects within these fields include; the New MercedesBenz museum in Stuttgart (2001 2006), the Galleria
Department Store in Seoul (2005), the private family house VilLA NM in Upstate New York (20022007), the Agora
Theater in Lelystad (20042007) and the Erasmus Bridge in Rotterdam (19901996).
–
Bold Architectural Designs to Highlight Burnham Plan Centennial in Millennium Park
Dramatic designs of temporary installations by renowned British and Dutch architects unveiled
Chicago, April 8, 2009 – Alderman Brendan Reilly and chairs of the Burnham Plan Centennial Committee made public
today two temporary architectural pavilions that will be installed this June in Millennium Park, to symbolize the
forwardlooking agenda of the 220 organizations that are actively commemorating this year’s 100th anniversary of the
Plan of Chicago.
The architects’ rendering of the two recyclable pavilions that will open June 19 and be up through October 31 on the
park’s South Chase Promenade were released at a meeting hosted by the Alderman’s office, the Burnham Committee,
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the City of Chicago Department of Cultural Affairs, the Art Institute of Chicago and Friends of Downtown.
Both architectural exhibits—one designed by Londonbased Zaha Hadid and the other by Amsterdambased Ben van
Berkel of UNStudio—emphasize the importance of boldly imagining a better future for all, as Daniel Burnham and
Edward Bennett did in 1909 by capturing the Chicago spirit of making bold plans and big dreams in their Plan of
Chicago.
One pavilion’s curvilinear formal geometries engage stateoftheart fabric technologies; the other’s floating roof offers
surprising views of the Chicago skyline. Both are designed to echo the audacity of the Burnham Plan, which proclaimed,
“What we as a people decide to do in the public interest we can and surely will bring to pass.”
“These temporary pavilions make bold statements about Chicago’s ambitious, forwardthinking spirit that was
associated with Burnham’s day and the ‘YesWeCan’ spirit of today’s Chicago,” Alderman Reilly said. “These two
temporary architectural pieces will serve as shining examples of our city’s ongoing commitment to making bold plans
and our long tradition of thinking outside of the box, with an eye toward the future.”
Millennium Park board chairman John H. Bryan, who also serves as Centennial Committee cochair, said, “Public art and
visionary design are necessary for any city intending to play a global leadership role in the 21st century. These two
Burnham pavilions make bold statements to the world, as did Millennium Park, about Chicago’s confidence in its
future.”
Centennial Committee cochair George A. Ranney also serves as president and CEO of Chicago Metropolis 2020, which
has organized the threestate Centennial involving hundreds of futureoriented programs, events, exhibitions, regional
planning and environmentalenhancement initiatives.
Ranney said, “While the Millennium Park pavilions create a focal point for the Burnham Centennial, our underlying
intent in commissioning them is to motivate the millions of people who experience them to get personally and actively
involved in enhancing our regional environment, improving our quality of life, and insisting that our leaders do what is
necessary to keep our region economically prosperous. The business community has invested in the Centennial
because it knows that what is at stake here is metropolitan Chicago’s ability to compete globally for jobs and
investment.”
Centennial vice chair Adele Simmons, who is also vice chair of Metropolis, said, “While the Burnham Centennial is
indeed about the serious business of building a better future, it will also be entertaining, educational and enjoyable.
More than 220 organizations throughout the three state region will be offering hundreds of programs, exhibits, and
events that use the accomplishments of Chicago’s audacious past as inspiration to achieve a new generation’s big
dreams for the future. The energy and excitement of the Burnham pavilions will inspire people to think ‘out of the box’
about our metropolis and our future.”
The recyclable pavilions will be built locally of steel donated by ArcelorMittal and of aluminum donated by
Marmon/Keystone Corporation—both companies have an important presence in Chicago. Assembly of the UNStudio
Pavilion will be handled by Third Coast Construction, a local leader in green contracting, with TenFab Design providing
the tensioned fabric construction of the Hadid Pavilion. The UNStudio pavilion will be deconstructed and recycled. The
Hadid tentlike structure can be dismantled and reinstalled at another location following the Centennial.
Ben van Berkel is a rising star of inventive, computeraided architecture with a special interest in the integration of
construction and architecture. He studied architecture at the Rietveld Academy in his native Holland and at the
Architectural Association in London, receiving the AA Diploma with honors in 1987. His first projects were built almost
immediately after founding Van Berkel & Bos Architectuur Bureau. His collaborative approach led to the foundation in
1999 of UNStudio, which includes his wife and business partner art historian Caroline Bos. The firm works on a wide
range of projects varying from urban infrastructure to buildings, interiors, and product design. His selection to design
the Erasmus Bridge in Rotterdam in 1996 profoundly affected his understanding of the role of the architect. The
MercedesBenz Museum in Stuttgart (2006) and the Music and Performing Arts Theater in Graz are examples of
recently realized projects by Ben van Berkel.
The sculptural UNStudio pavilion is highly accessible and functions as an urban activator. Framed by Lake Michigan on
one side and Michigan Avenue on the other in its Millennium Park setting, the UNStudio pavilion relates to diverse city
contexts, programs and scales. Programmatically the pavilion invites people to gather, walk around and through the
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space and to explore and observe.
Zaha Hadid’s dramatically fluid and technically innovative work is increasingly seen around the world in an array of
remarkable buildings. Hadid is the only female recipient of the Pritzker Prize for architecture. She was born in Baghdad,
Iraq, and educated in mathematics at the American University of Beirut, Lebanon. She studied architecture in London at
the Architectural Association under Rem Koolhaas and Elia Zenghelis, winning the AA Diploma Prize in 1977. From the
first, Hadid defined new limits of the buildable, transforming our vision of the future with new spatial concepts and
bold visionary forms. On its opening in 2003, the New York Times described Hadid’s Rosenthal Center for Contemporary
Art in Cincinnati as “the most important American building to be completed since the end of the cold war.” Among her
projects worldwide, Hadid is currently working on the Eli and Edythe Broad Art Museum at Michigan State University,
while her academic appointments include the Sullivan Chair at the University of Illinois Chicago School of Architecture.
Her practice, Zaha Hadid Architects, is headquartered in London.
The interior of the Hadid Pavilion will serve as a screen for an immersive video installation created by UICtrained and
Londonbased artist Thomas Gray for The Gray Circle that tells the story of Chicago’s transformation, including visions
for the future by local architects. An accompanying exhibit in September entitled “Bold Plans. Big Dreams. Chicago
Architects.” Presented by the City of Chicago Department of Cultural Affairs nearby at 72 East Randolph will feature
visionary works by dozens of local architects and designers.
In addition to experiencing and touring the Pavilions this summer, visitors are encouraged to visit
www.burnhamplan100.org to plan exciting experiences throughout the region—from the Chicago Architecture
Foundation and the Art Institute of Chicago adjacent to Millennium Park, to more than 50 libraries that plan to host an
exhibit curated by the Newberry Library. Community organizations, leadership groups and public officials are all playing
a role.
Millions of visitors are expected to see the Burnham Pavilions this summer, especially since they are adjacent to the
new wing of the Art Institute of Chicago and its Nichols Bridgeway into Millennium Park.
The Pavilions were made possible by the generous support and civic commitment of the Burnham Leadership Group
including (to date): Mr. and Mrs. John H. Bryan, Mr. and Mrs. Wesley M. Dixon, Mr. and Mrs. Marshall Field V, Margot
and Thomas Pritzker, Patrick G. Ryan and Shirley W. Ryan, and The Crown Family. The Committee would also like to
recognize the following companies for their contributions to help make the Burnham Pavilions possible: Official Airline
Sponsor, British Airways; Official Steel Sponsor, ArcelorMittal; and Aluminum Sponsor, Marmon/Keystone Corporation,
a member of The Marmon Group of companies; as
well as the Consulate General of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. National City, now a part of PNC, is the Official
Sponsor of the June 19 public opening events. Lodging has been generously provided by the Union League Club and
Village Green at the Fisher Building and MDA City Apartments, and graphic design services have been contributed by
VSA Partners.
Installation of the Pavilions is a collaboration of the Burnham Plan Centennial Committee, Chicago Metropolis 2020, the
City of Chicago Department of Cultural Affairs, Millennium Park, Inc. and the Art Institute of Chicago. Architecture
students at the Illinois Institute of Technology and the University of Illinois at Chicago have had the opportunity to learn
from these internationally renowned architects who are part of the project.
About the Burnham Plan Centennial Committee
John Bryan, retired chief executive of Sara Lee Corporation, and George A. Ranney, chief executive officer of Chicago
Metropolis 2020, are Committee cochairs. Vice chair is Adele Simmons, vice chairman and a senior executive of
Chicago Metropolis 2020. The 26 members of the Committee represent major companies, civic organizations, and
cultural and educational institutions from throughout the region.
The committee is orchestrating the Centennial and convening the many communities, municipalities, organizations,
schools, institutions and others that will plan related programs. Staff support is provided by Chicago Metropolis 2020, a
businessbacked civic organization founded by the Commercial Club of Chicago. The Commercial Club sponsored the
original Plan of Chicago by Daniel H. Burnham and Edward H. Bennett.
In addition to the generous donors to the Burnham Pavilions (listed above), The Chicago Community Trust, our region’s
community foundation, provided leadership funding for the Burnham Plan Centennial. The Trust is joined as a founding
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sponsor by The Elizabeth Morse and Elizabeth Morse Genius Charitable Trusts. Organizational and staff support for the
Burnham Plan Centennial Committee is provided by Chicago Metropolis 2020. The Burnham Plan Centennial
Committee also gratefully acknowledges the following for their support of the Centennial: Presenting Sponsor for the
Environment, the Exelon Foundation; Presenting Sponsor for Education, Polk Bros. Foundation; Presenting Sponsor for
Transportation, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; all of our supporters at the Burnham Circle level
including The Allstate Corporation, Gaylord and Dorothy Donnelley Foundation, McCormick Foundation, the Hamill
Family Foundation, Northern Trust; and all of our supporters at the Bennett Circle level including The Boeing Company
and The Commercial Club of Chicago. We also gratefully acknowledge the inkind support of our communications
partner Hill & Knowlton and media partner WTTW.
About Chicago Metropolis 2020
Chicago Metropolis 2020 is a nonprofit civic organization created in 1999 by The Commercial Club of Chicago to
promote longterm planning, better regional cooperation, and smart investments in the Chicago region and its people.
About Millennium Park
Millennium Park is an awardwinning center for art, music, architecture and landscape design. The result of a unique
partnership between the City of Chicago and the philanthropic community, the 24.5acre park features the work of
worldrenowned architects, planners, artists and designers. Among Millennium Park’s prominent features are the Frank
Gehrydesigned Jay Pritzker Pavilion; the Crown Fountain by Jaume Plensa; the Lurie Garden and Anish Kapoor’s hugely
popular Cloud Gate sculpture. For more information, visit www.millenniumpark.org
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