Business Applications -RDBMS

8/7/2019 Business Applications -RDBMS

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BusinessApplications

Using RDBMS

Presentation by Prabhakar Rao K, Capital IQ


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Capital IQ www.capitaliq.com

Powering the People Who Drive the Financial Markets

Capital IQ Platform is a web and Excel-based researchproduct that combines deep information on companies,

markets, and people worldwide with robust tools forfundamental analysis, idea generation, and workflowmanagement. Capital IQ Platform is deployed at over2,400 leading investment banks, fund managers, privatecapital firms, and corporations.

Capital IQ Data Feeds help clients populate financialportals, CRM systems, and other business applications.


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Capital IQ Platform Summary

Global Company Fundamentals : Research public and private companies

Global People Intelligence : Look up executives and investment professionals

Global Transactions Data:Analyze M&A and private/public capital markettransactions

Global Industries and Markets: See snapshots of industries, regions, andM&A/capital markets

Financial Analytics :Access detailed financials, charts, and more

Capital IQ Excel Plug-In: Utilize Capital IQ data via Microsoft Excel

Screening and Targeting: Build lists of companies, stocks, deals, and more

Relationship and Workflow Management: Manage contacts, relationships, andprojects

Capital IQ Real-Time: Get streaming market data and news


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Comprehensive Global Coverage of Public andPrivate Companies

Capital IQ serves as the primary informationsource for tens of thousands of investmentbankers, financial analysts, and fund managers.

Combining proprietary research with select third-party content, Capital IQ provides highlystructured profiles of public and privatecompanies, investment firms, and professionals.

Depth of information includes company financials,relationships among firms and people, biographicaland contact data, transactions, events, securitiesdata, ownership, brokerage estimates, corporate

governance, regulatory filings, and news.


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Capital IQ Strengths

The most accurate financial data in themarketplace

Up to 2,000 financial and supplemental data

points per company Comprehensive coverage of private

companies with public filings.

Industry-leading turnaround time on publiccompany filings, news, and events


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Company Data

Business overview , Public company financials , Privatecompany financials

Research and estimates, Shareholder details , Insideractivities

Credit ratings and research, Officers and directors, Executive

compensation Equity and debt Securities, M&A transactions, Credit default

swaps Subsidiaries and Investments, Legal and financial advisors Competitors and partners, Customers and suppliers Products, Key Developments, Corporate governance News and blogs, Corporate governance, Transcripts Events calendar, D&B company reports, Filings and key

documents


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Capital IQ Coverage Stats

79,000 public companies

1,000,000 private companies

11,000 private equity firms

1,700,000 executives, board directors, andinvestment professionals

234,000 M&A transactions

235,000 rated securities


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What is RDBMS?

RDBMS stands for Relational Database ManagementSystem. RDBMS data is structured in database tables,fields and records. Each RDBMS table consists of databasetable rows. Each database table row consists of one ormore database table fields.

RDBMS also provide relational operators to manipulate thedata stored into the database tables. Most RDBMS use SQLas database query language.

Edgar Codd introduced the relational database model withCodd's 12 rules

The most popular RDBMS are MS SQL Server, DB2, Oracleand MySQL.


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SQL (Structured Query Language)

is a database computer language designedfor the retrieval and management of data inrelational database management systems

(RDBMS), database schema creation andmodification, and database object accesscontrol management

DML (Select, Insert, Update and Delete) DDL (Create, Alter, Truncate and Drop)


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Table Constraints

A PRIMARY KEY constraint is a unique identifier for a rowwithin a database table. Every table should have a primarykey

A UNIQUE constraint enforces the uniqueness of the values

in a set of columns, so no duplicate values are entered.

A FOREIGN KEY constraint prevents any actions that woulddestroy link between tables with the corresponding datavalues. A foreign key in one table points to a primary key

in another table.

A CHECK constraint is used to limit the values that can beplaced in a column.

A NOT NULL constraint enforces that the column will not

accept null values.


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Data Types

A data type in programming languages is anattribute of a datum which tells thecomputer (and the programmer) something

about the kind of datum it is. This involvessetting constraints on the datum, such aswhat values it can take and what operationsmay be performed upon it.

Number, Text, Float, Alphanumeric, Date


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RDBMS Schema Stock Trading


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Codds 12 Rules

Rule 0: The system must qualify as relational, as adatabase, and as a management system. For a system toqualify as a relational database management system(RDBMS), that system must use its relational facilities(exclusively) to manage the database.

Rule 1: The information rule:All information in thedatabase is to be represented in one and only one way,namely by values in column positions within rows of tables.

Rule 2: The guaranteed access rule:All data must beaccessible with no ambiguity. This rule is essentially arestatement of the fundamental requirement for primarykeys.


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Codds 12 Rules

Rule 3: Systematic treatment of null values: TheDBMS must allow each field to remain null (or empty).

Rule 4: Active online catalog based on the relationalmodel: The system must support an online, inline,

relational catalog that is accessible to authorized users bymeans of their regular query language.

Rule 5: The comprehensive data sublanguage rule:The system must support at least one relational language

that Has a linear syntax, Can be used both interactivelyand within application programs, Supports data definitionoperations (including view definitions), data manipulationoperations (update as well as retrieval), security andintegrity constraints, and transaction managementoperations (begin, commit, and rollback).


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Codds 12 Rules

Rule 6: The view updating rule:All views that are theoreticallyupdatable must be updatable by the system.

Rule 7: High-level insert, update, and delete: The system mustsupport set-at-a-time insert, update, and delete operators. This meansthat data can be retrieved from a relational database in sets

constructed of data from multiple rows and/or multiple tables.

Rule 8: Physical data independence: Changes to the physical levelmust not require a change to an application based on the structure.

Rule 9: Logical data independence: Changes to the logical level

(tables, columns, rows, and so on) must not require a change to anapplication based on the structure. Logical data independence is moredifficult to achieve than physical data independence.


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Codds 12 Rules

Rule 10: Integrity independence: Integrity constraintsmust be specified separately from application programsand stored in the catalog. It must be possible to changesuch constraints as and when appropriate withoutunnecessarily affecting existing applications.

Rule 11: Distribution independence: The distributionof portions of the database to various locations should beinvisible to users of the database. Existing applicationsshould continue to operate successfully.

Rule 12: The nonsubversion rule: If the systemprovides a low-level (record-at-a-time) interface, then thatinterface cannot be used to subvert the system, forexample, bypassing a relational security or integrityconstraint.


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Database Management System


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Advantages of Database Systems

Minimal Data Redundancy Since the whole data resides in one centraldatabase, the various programs in the application can access data indifferent data files. Hence data present in one file need not beduplicated in another. This reduces data redundancy.

Data Consistency Reduced data redundancy leads to better data

consistency.

Data Integration : Since related data is stored in one single database,enforcing data integrity is much easier. Moreover, the functions in theDBMS can be used to enforce the integrity rules with minimumprogramming in the application programs.

Data Sharing: Related data can be shared across programs since thedata is stored in a centralized manner. Even new applications can bedeveloped to operate against the same data.


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Application Development Ease: The applicationprogrammer need not build the functions forhandling issues like concurrent access, security,data integrity, etc. The programmer only needs toimplement the application business rules.

Enforcing standards in the organization andstructure of data files is required and also easy ina Database System, since it is one single set of

programs which is always interacting with the datafiles.

Better controls can be achieved due to thecentralized nature of the system.


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Data Independence: The architecture of the DBMScan be viewed as a 3-level system comprising thefollowing:- The internal or the physical level where the data resides.

- The conceptual level which is the level of the DBMS- The external level which is the level of the end user.

Reduced Maintenance is less and easy, again, due

to the centralized nature of the system.


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Systems Development Life Cycle


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Client / Server


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An entity-relationship model (ERM)

is an abstract conceptual representation ofstructured data.

Entity-relationship modeling is a relational

schema database modeling method, used insoftware engineering to produce a type ofconceptual data model of a system, often a

relational database, and its requirements ina top-down fashion.

Diagrams created using this process arecalled entity-relationship diagrams.


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ER Diagram


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Business Intelligence (BI)

encompasses the processes, tools, andtechnologies required to transformenterprise data into information, and

information into knowledge that can beused to enhance decision-making and tocreate actionable plans that drive effectivebusiness activity.


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BI can be used to acquire

Tactical insight to optimize businessprocesses by identifying trends, anomalies, andbehaviors that require management action.

Strategic insight to align multiple businessprocesses with key business objectives throughintegrated performance management andanalysis.


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Information Hierarchy

Bus-

iness

Value

Drivers

DecisionSupport

Management Reporting

Operational Reporting

Business

Intelligence


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Company Intelligence

ID, name, address, website, exchange, yearfounded, reporting template, country,company type, fax, phone, ticker, primary

industry, financial auditors, calendaryear/quarter of audit, competitors, andbusiness description.


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People Intelligence

Name, biography, title, rank, function,address, phone, fax, email, education,board memberships, detailed compensation

data (salary, bonus, options, incentiveplans), email, nickname, birth year, andcompany affiliations.


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Key Developments

Headline, summary, and dates for keydevelopment categories(announced/completed transactions,

company forecasts and ratings, corporatestructure related, customer/product related,dividends/splits, listing/trading related,potential transactions, red flags/distressindicators, results announcements/corporatecomm.) There are 78 subtypes for thesecategories.


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Transactions

Transaction type (M&A, buyback, privateplacements), announce/close dates,transaction size, role, target, buyer/investor,

sellers, synopsis, and advisors (financial,legal, accounting).


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Corporate Relationship

Relationship type, acquisition/investmentstatus, subsidiary/operating units, mergedentities, investment arm, affiliates, fund

investors, auditor, legal advisor, fundfamilies, lender, and various current/priorrelationship flags.


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Standardized Premium Financials

IS/BS/CF statement and supplementalitems, pension data, warrants, options, fixedpayment schedule, and industry-specific

supplemental items (oil & gas, wireless,retail, banks, insurance, cable, airlines).


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Market Data

Close price, shares outstanding, marketcapitalization, 52 week high/low price, dailyvolume, total enterprise value, market

cap/total revenue, price/earnings,price/book value, last close beta, dividendyield, and Altman Z score.


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Business Data Models

Online Banking Data Model

Financial Information Portal

Automated Teller Machine Data Model

Customer Purchase Data Model


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Thank You

Prabhakar Rao K, Capital IQ

[email protected]

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Business Applications -RDBMS

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