(c) Manzur Ashraf, Short course, KFUPM 2004 --- PHP & MySQL 1 Basic PHP Class 2.

(c) Manzur Ashraf, Short course, KFUPM 2004 --- PHP & MySQL

1

Basic PHP

Class 2


2

Declaring PHP

The three different forms are as follows:

<?PHP Code In Here?>

<?phpPHP Code In Herephp?>

<script language="php">PHP Code In Here</script>


3

Your First Script

<?phpinfo();?>

Testing Your Script ?


4

Displaying Information & Variables

Printing Text :<?print("Hello world!");?>

Variables:$welcome_text = "Hello and welcome to my website."; $user_id = 987

Example: <?

$welcome_text = "Hello and welcome to my website.";print($welcome_text);?>


5

Formatting Your Text

<font face="Arial" color="#FF0000"></font>

PHP: print("<font face=\"Arial\"color\"#FF0000\">Hello and welcome

to my website.</font>");


6

IF Statements

IF (something == something else) (THEN Statement} else {ELSE Statement}-----------------------

if ($username == "webmaster") {echo "Please enter your password below";}

_______________________ if ($username == "webmaster") {

echo "Please enter your password below";} else {echo "We are sorry but you are not a recognised user";}


7

Other comparisons

if ($enteredpass == $password)----------------------------------------------------------

if ($age < "13")---------------------------------------------------------

if ($date > $finished)-----------------------------------------------------------

You can also check for multiple tests in one IF statement. For instance, if you have a form and you want to check if any of the fields were left blank you could use:

if ($name == "" || $email == "" || $password == "") {echo "Please fill in all the fields";}


8

The WHILE Loop

$times = 5;$x = 0;while ($x < $times) {echo "Hello World";++$x; /* It means $x=$x+1; */

} --------------------------

Using $x : $number = 1000;

$current = 0;while ($current < $number) {++$current;echo "$current<br>";}


9

Arrays

> Setting Up An Array

Setting up an array is slightly different to setting up a normal variable. In this example I will set up an array with 5 names in it:

$names[0] = 'John';$names[1] = 'Paul';$names[2] = 'Steven';$names[3] = 'George';$names[4] = 'David';OR $names=array(“John”,”Paul”,”Steven”);

> Reading From An Array

echo "The third name is $names[2]";


10

Using Arrays And Loops

if I wanted to print out the following list of names:

Name 1 is JohnName 2 is PaulName 3 is StevenName 4 is GeorgeName 5 is David

I could use the following code:

$number = 5;$x = 0;while ($x < $number) {$namenumber = $x + 1;echo "Name $namenumber is $names[$x]<br>";++$x}


11

PHP With Forms

Setting Up Your Form <input type="text" name="thebox" value="Your Name"> <textarea name="message">Please write your message here.</textarea><input type="submit" value="Submit">

All the elements for your form must be enclosed in the <form> tags. They are used as follows:

<form action="process.php" method="post">Form elements and formatting etc.</form>


12

Getting The Form Information

There are basically two different methods of getting the data into PHP, which depend on how they were submitted. There are two submission methods, GET and POST, which can both be used by forms. The difference between the two is that using GET, the variables and data will be shown in the page address, but using POST it is invisible. The benefit of GET, though is that you can submit information to the script without a form, by simply editing the URL:

yourpage.php?user=davidcould show David's page and:yourpage.php?user=tomcould show Tom's page, using the same script.


13

Contd..

It is also possible to pass more than one piece of information to the script using this system by separating them with the & symbol:

yourpage.php?user=david&referrer=gowansnet&area=6

To get a variable which has been sent to a script using the POST method you use the following code:$variablename=$_POST['variable'];

Similarly, if you are using the GET method you should use the form:$variablename=$_GET['variable'];


14

Example (Creating The Form To Mail Script )

create this form for your HTML page:

<form action="mail.php" method="post">Your Name: <input type="text" name="name"><br>E-mail: <input type="text" name = "email"><br><br>Comments<br><textarea name="comments"></textarea><br><br><input type="submit" value="Submit"></form>


15

Contd..

<?

$name=$_POST['name'];$email=$_POST['email'];$comments=$_POST['comments'];

$to="[email protected]";

$message="$name just filled in your comments form. They said:\n$comments\n\nTheir e-mail address was: $email";if(mail($to,"Comments From Your Site",$message,"From: $email\n")) {echo "Thanks for your comments.";} else {echo "There was a problem sending the mail. Please check that you filled in the form correctly.";}?>


16

E-mail With PHP (Optional to basic level)

The Mail Commandmail($to,$subject,$body,$headers);

Sending An E-mail$to = "[email protected]";$subject = "PHP Is Great";$body = "PHP is one of the best scripting languages around";$headers = "From: [email protected]\n";mail($to,$subject,$body,$headers);echo "Mail sent to $to";


17

Contd..

Mail Without Variablesmail("[email protected]","PHP Is Great","PHP is one of the best scripting languages around","From: [email protected]\n");

Error Control if(mail($to,$subject,$body,$headers)) {

echo "An e-mail was sent to $to with the subject: $subject";} else {echo "There was a problem sending the mail. Check your code and make sure that the e-mail address $to is valid";}


18

File handling

Opening a File :

$filename = 'c:\file.txt';

$fp = fopen($filename, "r");

Reading Info from a File:

$contents = fread($fp, filesize($filename));

fclose($fp);

/* it reads the entire file in */


19

Contd..

Let us assume C:file.txt contains:

line1

line2

line3

line4

Line5 So now $contents would contain:

$contents = "line1\n line2\n line3\n line4\n line5";


20

Contd..

Writing to a File:$filename = 'c:\file.txt';$fp = fopen($filename, "a");$string = "\nline5";$write = fputs($fp, $string);fclose($fp); Firstly we open the file. Notice the "a" parameter. That means

"open the file for writing only, and place the file pointer at the end of the file". So now PHP opens myfile.txt for writing and positions the file pointer at the end of the line.

We then use fputs() to write to the file. We define our string in $string which i put "\nline6. The \n bit means start a new line, and the print out "line 6". We then close the file.


21

Modes

'r' - Open for reading only; place the file pointer at the beginning of the file.

'r+' - Open for reading and writing; place the file pointer at the beginning of the file.

'w' - Open for writing only; place the file pointer at the beginning of the file and truncate the file to zero length. If the file does not exist, attempt to create it.

'w+' - Open for reading and writing; place the file pointer at the beginning of the file and truncate the file to zero length. If the file does not exist, attempt to create it.

'a' - Open for writing only; place the file pointer at the end of the file. If the file does not exist, attempt to create it.

'a+' - Open for reading and writing; place the file pointer at the end of the file. If the file does not exist, attempt to create it.


22

Questions?

Date post:	26-Dec-2015
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(c) Manzur Ashraf, Short course, KFUPM 2004 --- PHP & MySQL 1 Basic PHP Class 2.

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