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www.i-cargo.eu
Intelligent Cargo in Efficient and SustainableGlobal Logistics Operations
Benefits of developing for
the iCargo platform ---
iCargo Training SeriesMay.2015
www.i-cargo.eu
Intelligent Cargo in Efficient and SustainableGlobal Logistics Operations
iCargo is a large-scale integrating project co-funded by the European Commission within the FP7 Information and Communication Technologies Work Programme. iCargo involves representatives of the main stakeholders in the areas of research and technological development, logistics companies, shippers and public authorities. The 29 partners coming from 13 countries are coordinated by the Research and Innovation Hub of ATOS Spain.
iCargo will design and implement a decentralized ICT infrastructure allowing real world objects, new planning services including CO2 calculation capabilities and existing systems to co-exist and efficiently co-operate at an affordable cost for logistics stakeholders.
The iCargo project aims at supporting new logistics services that: ₋ Synchronize vehicle movements and logistics operations across various modes and actors to lower CO2
emissions₋ Adapt to changing conditions through dynamic planning methods involving intelligent cargo, vehicle and
infrastructure systems and ₋ Combine services, resources and information from different stakeholders, taking part in an open freight
management ecosystem.
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Ben HodgsonSenior Scientist- BMT Group
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
3
iCargo Training - 20 April 2015, online
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
1. Brief overview of iCargo from a developers perspective
2. The business opportunity
- Trend towards ICT services in logistics
- Trend towards collaborative business models
- Why closed platforms are not the way forward
3. Developing your application with iCargo
3.1. The difficulties of developing logistics applications.
3.2. Standardised communication
- Access point
- Cloud service bus
- Distributed discovery
Table of Contents
4
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu5
The problem
Appl. P
Appl. X
Appl. S
Appl. X
Appl. Y
Appl. ?
Factory Shipment In-city delivery
Long haul transport
Road transport Warehouse Storage
Customer delivery
information flow
Supply chains are managed using multiple, often disparate applications with no or limited means to optimize and control centrally
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu6
What we want
Appl. P
Appl. X
Appl. S
Appl. X
Appl. Y
Appl. X
Appl. ?
Horizontal information flow
Shift in paradigm: from process into “thing” oriented
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu7
Thing orientated “Digital shadows”
Real world
Virtual presence
Thing orientated “Digital shadows”
Services Services Services
ID
YIDID
ID
ID
ID
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
• Nowadays, only large companies can afford to implement dedicated gateways to enable their ERP systems to exchange information with each other. Therefore the need arises for a flexible way of connecting systems to realize connections on the basis of trusted business agreements in a matter of days instead of development projects of months.
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
iCargo from a developers perspective
9
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Focus on getting and updating and reacting to information about entities such as cargo and vehicles held by trusted business partners defined on the basis of a cooperation agreement.
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
• Installation an Access Point and register your organisation.
• Publication & discovery of business services..
• Establish Cooperation Agreements which specify what information shall be exchanged as notifications
• Transport order defines involved entities.
• Information about entities is automatically exchanged
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Entities: Represent things.
Like Objects in object orientated programming
These can be physical objects like containers, parcels, trucks, cranes, trains …. Or they can be other business level things like agreements…..
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Entities: structure
You can find entities and depending on your authorization. Get or change their information. Just like a NoSQL database.
IDAliasOwnerClassRelationsStateData
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Semantic: models
Semantic models define the schema of concepts
Like class definitions .
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Facts: information about an entity
You can update information about an entity by providing a fact. Facts are stamped with source and time avoiding locks and versioning conflicts.
SubjectSourceContentTimestampStatePlaceValue
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Entities: Create, Search, Update, Delete
You can find entities and depending on your authorization. Get or change their information. Just like a NoSQL database.
Like a shared NoSQL database
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Entity API: Create, Search, Update, Delete
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
Entity API: Create, Search, Update, Delete
Access points form a P2P network where requests are routed to peer which hold the entity or service. Only information that you want to share will be
exchanged.
ID={}
GET /<index of entity>
Authentication, to validate the identity a
user or service. It shall be based on existing
open standards and existing
implementations. If authentic, then the next
step is to check authorisation;
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Why iCargo
Entity API: Create, Search, Update, Delete
A company has access via their Access Point to the iCargo ecosystem.Via "your" Access Point you can search for other logistic service providers and software services.
ID={}
GET /<index of entity>
Routing, to send the incoming information and
requests to the applicable internal or external
services.
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
Entity API: Create, Search, Update, Delete
Access points form a P2P network where requests are routed to peer which hold the entity or service. Only information that you want to share will be
exchanged.
ID={}
GET /<index of entity>
Authorisation, to determine who can access
which information. The security model is
described below. If authorised then the next step
is to dispatch the requested action via routing;
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
Logistics cloud bus: publish subscribe
---ETA changed---
---
Entities publish can publish and subscribe to channels. For example An LSC might also declare an interest in ETA and ATA
{
“entity_id” :<entity_id>,
“entity_type” : “GPS sensor” “location_format” : “GPS”,
“location” : “40.45305, -3.68960”, “update ” :
“20/05/1979 16:45 GMT”,
“time_format” : “DD/MM/YYYY HH:MM”
}
Publish
POST <AP>/entity/<entity_type>/<entity_id>/channel/<channel_id>/publish
Subscribe
GET <AP>/entity/<entity_type>/<entity_id>/channel/<channel_id/subscription
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
The role and purpose of a Cooperation Agreement is crucial and should be
explained first.Not only contains a Cooperation Agreement information about
authorisation, also the subscriptions are defined there too.
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
• The Logistic Cloud Bus implements a pub/sub pattern to allow fully decoupled developments.
• pub/sub mechanism is provided by an AMQP broker.
• The LCB exposes an interface and SDK to allow easy developments without caring about AMQP protocol.– You just publish and others are subscribed.
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
• How to get a channel with the GUI
• Programmatically way
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
Create a ChannelCreate an entity
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
• And then you can do pub/sub over that channels
Communication between entities
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
The virtual service point shall be able to grant usage or access to a functional domain based on the identification of an actor and the role of that actor.
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
Smart objects: rules
----- -
A rule consists of a condition and a capability to be executed when the condition is applicable. Some objects can react to events either as simple filters or triggering business rules based on complex event processing.
WHEN Container.state EQUALS "onTrip" FOLLOWED-BY
Contain--
er.event EQUALS "door open" AND
(cargo.currentLocation !EQUALS Container.destination) WITHIN 8 hours
ACTION Alert Cargo.logisticServiceProvider
Like the Actor Model + CEP
“NOTIFY logistic service provider WHEN temperature OF tuna IS ABOVE 7
degrees Celsius”
The rule language is not part of the iCargo specification but may be implemented as CEP, or a DSL
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
Registry: business services
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
Registry: find business servicesRegistries provide information about participants in the Ecosystem
(companies/access points and their services)
Business Service description
Organisationdescription
iCargoRegistry
provides
contains contains
service description
service metadata
organisation description
organisation metadata
registrymetadata
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
Registry: Find companies
Syntax<PATH TO THE REGISTRY>/business?<CLASSIFICATIONSCHEME>=<VALUE>
ExampleTo find all companies with UNSPSC Code 78100000 (mail and cargo
transport):GET icargoregistry.mycompany.com/business?UNSPSC=78100000
*This is likely to return a very large list of companies. The Registry might warn the user about that and/or return only a subset of the results. It is recommended that further classification (‘filtering’)
is used, for example using geographical coverage criteria.
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
Registry: Search for business services
Syntax<PATH TO THE REGISTRY>/service?<CLASSIFICATIONSCHEME>=<VALUE>
ExampleTo find all services (and their providers) under the UNSPSC classification Code
78100000 (mail and cargo transport):
GET icargoregistry.mycompany.com/service?UNSPSC=78100000
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
Registry: Get information about a serviceRegistries provide information about participants in the Ecosystem
(companies/access points and their services)
Syntax<PATH TO THE REGISTRY>/serviceinfo/<SERVICEID>
*you can query any registry to get information about services even from different registries
Example Assume express24.dhl.com is a unique identifier for the Express 24 service of DHL. The following
GET icargoregistry.somecompany.com/serviceinfo/express24.dhl.com
Returns information about the service (as an XML, JSON etc.), for example{“service type” : “courier”,
“Provider id” : “DHL”,“web site”: “http://www.dhl.com/en/express.html”,
…}
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
Semantic Gateway: access external systemsA Semantic Gateway is an extension of an Access Point with the capability to translate business messages into
the terminology of the recipient with use of a Semantic model that is specific for an organisation or the
recipient in general.
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
iCargo from a developers perspective
36
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Stop caring about integrating with different web services, where information is kept and even who has information.
Instead focus on getting and updating and reacting to information about entities such as cargo and vehicles
Expose and find business services – logistics, software ….
Decentralized platform for interacting cooperative services.
Benefits of developing for the iCargo platform
iCargo Training Series: Overcoming the challenges of using multi-modal services www.i-cargo.eu
Ben HodgsonSenior Scientist – BMT Group
Thank You
38
iCargo Training - 4 June 2013, Zaragoza
www.i-cargo.eu
Intelligent Cargo in Efficient and SustainableGlobal Logistics Operations
Credits:
Presented by: Ben Hodgson (BMT Group)[email protected]
Material: Ben Hodgson (BMT Group)