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Mountains
Mt ranges line much of the northern coast.
Redwood trees grow there.
There is mainly snow on top of the mountains.
Desert
A desert is a dry area that gets little rainfall.
Gets less than ten inches of rain a year.
Animals have some odd adaptation to stay alive with there harsh conditions and little rainfall.
Hills in the judean desert
Valley
Valleys are flat and low between mountains.
Many farms are located in a valley.
Santa Clarita is an example of a valley it is completely surrounded by mountains.
Coast
CA has a very long coastline.
Our coats is in the Pacific Ocean.
Many people have been there and to the beach.
Some houses are there, but not many.
Juan Cabirllo
Juan came to CA in 1542
Went north of now New Mexico. On the west coast
Not much is known about Juan Cabrillo's early years as a kid
Francis Drake
Was a vice admiral.
He was a sea captain and vice admiral.
His exploits were legendary.
Was also second-in-command of and English fleet of ships.
Sebastian Vizcaino
Born in Spain.
Was a Spanish
He sailed as a merchant to Portugal
Vizcanio got to be a general in charge of an expedition to locate safe harbors the go to.
Vitus Bering
Went to north of Russia.
Made a route that was called Bering Straight.
Born Aug. 12, 1681.
He joined a fleet of Russian ships in 1703
Father Serra
Serra left to mission work in 1749.
He became a priest
Full name was Miguel Jose' Serra.
At the age of 16 he went to work at a church.
Gaspar De Portola
Had a job as an army officer.
Was an explorer and founder of San Diego and Monterey.
He served as a solider in the Spanish Army.
Ranchos
Ranchos are almost like villages
Many farms are located there
Some examples of them are: San Pedro, Los Nietos, San Rafeal and San Antonio.
Missions
There was many missions in CA
Each missions had a path that made the connected(El Camino Real) .
There is 21 missions total.
Pueblos
A Spanish word for village
They grew food and water for solders in the guard towers that were in front of the pueblos. Had cattle and grew crops and plantations .
John Sutter
John Sutter sent James Marshall to get a mill and found gold then started the gold rush
John Sutter was then poor and died a penniless man
Fort Ross
A Russian trading place
Built by Ivan Kuskov and other Russians who were probably fur traders and some Alaskan hunters and fur traders.
Fort Ross was a main trading place.
Jedediah Smith
Went on an expedition
Born on Jan. 6th, 1799 and died on May 27th, 1831 at the age of 32
Had an exploration in the Rocky Mountains.
James Beckworth
Was a fur trader.
Was African American.
He found a pass in the mountains that was later named Beckworth Pass after James.
John Bidwell
Born Aug. 5, 1819 in what is now New York
Was a pioneer, farmer, and solider.
Bidwell had the rank of major fighting in the army.
John C. Fremont
Was a US senator.
Born on Jan 21st 1813.
Born in Savannah Georgia.
Was a military officer and explorer
49'ers
They were the people that come during the gold rush.
Most of them did not get any gold.
More men then woman came to find gold.
Sam Brannan
Born in Mar 2nd, 1819 in Saco Maine.
CA first millionaire.
Died May 14th, 1889.
Was an American Settler.
As a teen his family moved to Ohio
Levi Strauss
Born Feb 26, 1829 Buttenhiem, Bavaria.
Died on Sept 26, 1902.
Founded a company that manufactures blue jeans.
Biddy Mason
Was a slave on a plantation
The Compromise wanted to have so slaves and CA was a free state
Her owned took her to CA .
Mary Tape
Was a Chinese person who wanted her kids to go to public school. The schools were not going to let them come because they were Chinese. She sued for them to go to school.
Mexican American War
The war was from 1846-1848.
It started on Apr. 25th,1846 and America won the war. Because they ran out of weapons they had an 8 day halt for the war.