CANCER OF LARYNX

PRESENTED BY:

P. ARUL VALAN MSc(N),MBA(HM)

ANATOMY OF LARYNX

DEFINITION Cancer of the larynx is a malignant tumor in the larynx(voice box).

INCIDENT RATEIt accounts for 2% to 3% of all

malignancies.Four times more in men than women.Most common in age above 60.Each year approximately 9000 new cases

are detecting.3700 persons with cancer of larynx will

dies.90% of untreated people will die with in

3years.Potentially curable if diagnosed and

treated early.

ETIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORSCARCINOGENSTobacco Combined effects of tobacco and alcoholAsbestosSecond hand smokePaint fumesCement dustChemicalsTar productsLeather and metals

Contn..OTHER FACTORS

Straining the voiceChronic laryngitisNutritional deficienciesFamilial predispositionAgeGenderRace (more prevalent in African American)Weakened immune system

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS The manifestations dependent upon the

location of the tumor:Glottic tumor

Voice change HemoptysisDyspneaRespiratory obstuctionDyspgagiaWeight lossPain

contn….Supra glottic

Aspiration on swallowing.Sore throatForeign body sensationDysphagiaNeck massHemoptysisDyspneaPain in the throat referred to the ear

Contn..SUBGLOTICAirway obstuctionDysphagiaWeight losshemoptysis

DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATIONHistory collectionPhysical examinationlaryngoscopyEndoscopybiopsyCT scan and MRI Barium swallow

MEDICAL MANAGEMENTChemotherapy: Drugs are used to prevent the multiplication

of tumor cells, either by killing or by preventing cell divisionSystemic chemotherapyRegional chemotherapy

Chemoprevention Drug Isotretinoin used to prevent the

recurrence.

Contn….Radiosensiteizers: drugs that make tumor

cells more sensitive to radiation therapy when used in combination with

chemotherapy, it is more effective.

SURGICAL MANAGEMENTCordectomy Supraglottic laryngectomyHemilaryngectomyPartial laryngectomyTotal laryngectomyThyroidectomy Laser surgeryAdjuvent therapy

NURSING MANAGEMENTSpeech therapyEsophageal speechElectric larynxTransesophageal puncture

STAGES OF CANCER

CANCER LARYNX

CANCER LARNYX