Caesar’s English II Lesson IX (9)

STEM MEANING WORD

mar- sea submarine

junct- join conjunction

luc- light translucent

tempor- time temporary

medi- middle medium

Mar (sea) marine, maritime, mariner

• MAR means sea.

• The marine environment is the sea; maritime regulations bring law to the conduct of ships at sea, and a mariner is a sailor!

• Spanish…marinero

Junct (join) conjunction, junction, adjunct

• JUNCT means join.

• A conjunction is a word that joins two words or two groups of words; a junction is where two roads join, and an adjunct is something or someone that is joined as a part of something else!

• Spanish…adjuncto

LUC (light) lucidity, translucent, pellucid

• LUC means light.

• Lucidity is brightness; something is translucent (trans--across, lucid--light) if light goes partly through it (but if it were perfectly clear, it would be transparent); and pellucid waters are crystal clear!

• Spanish…translucido

MEDI (MIDDLE) MEDIUM, MEDITERRANEAN, IN MEDIAS RES

• MEDI means middle.

• The medium is the middle; the Mediterranean Sea is surrounded by continents, and to begin a story in medias res (a Latin phrase) is to begin in the middle of the story. The most famous story that begins in medias res is Homer’s The Odyssey.

• Spanish…mediterraneo

TEMPOR (TIME) TEMPORAL, TEMPORIZE, CONTEMPORARY

• TEMPOR means time.

• Living things are temporal being because their lives are bounded by time; to temporize is to delay or stall; and your contemporaries are those who live at the same time you do!

• Spanish…contemporizar

Caesar’s English II Lesson IX (9)

STEM MEANING WORD

mar- sea submarine

junct- join conjunction

luc- light translucent

tempor- time temporary

medi- middle medium

Maritime : Sea ::

a. blue : color

b. aviation : air

c. medium : length

d. mariner : captain

Maritime : Sea ::

a. blue : color

b. aviation : air

c. medium : length

d. mariner : captain

Ancestor : Contemporary ::

a. temporize : stall

b. glass : pellucid

c. self : descendant

d. junction : crossroads

Ancestor : Contemporary ::

a. temporize : stall

b. glass : pellucid

c. self : descendant

d. junction : crossroads

Find the best opposite.

TRANSLUCENT

a. medium

b. adjunct

c. temporal

d. opaque

Find the best opposite.

TRANSLUCENT

a. medium

b. adjunct

c. temporal

d. opaque

LUCIDITY

a. confusion

b. brilliance

c. eclipse

d. perspicacity

LUCIDITY

a. confusion

b. brilliance

c. eclipse

d. perspicacity

The barbarians stared at Caesar’s fierce defenses and __________, afraid to attack.

a. ambuscaded

b. temporized

c. marinated

d. interdicted

The barbarians stared at Caesar’s fierce defenses and __________, afraid to attack.

a. ambuscaded

b. temporized

c. marinated

d. interdicted

In the ___________ water of the stream, Augustus could see the fish perfectly.

a. temporal

b. pellucid

c. opaque

d. fluid

In the ___________ water of the stream, Augustus could see the fish perfectly.

a. temporal

b. pellucid

c. opaque

d. fluid

Caesar and Cicero were _________ who lived at exactly the same time.

a. contemporaries

b. contradictions

c. conjunctions

d. temporizers

Caesar and Cicero were _________ who lived at exactly the same time.

a. contemporaries

b. contradictions

c. conjunctions

d. temporizers

Advanced Word: Pellucid

The adjective pellucid (peh-LOO-sid), comes from the Latin pellucidus, and is based on the stems per (through) and luc (light). Pellucid means crystal clear, so clear that light goes right through. When something is pellucid, there is no distortion or fog, the substance is absolutely transparent. In Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote that “The water in the fountain, pellucid as crystal, was alive with myriads of gold and silver fishes.”

The Grammar of Vocabulary: lucidity, a noun.

In battle Caesar’s mind was very lucid.

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Caesar’s Classic Words Challenge

From Martin Luther King’s Why We Can’t Wait

We can…try to _________, to negotiate small, inadequate changes.

a. marinateb. ambuscadec. temporized. mediate

Caesar’s Classic Words Challenge

From Martin Luther King’s Why We Can’t Wait

We can…try to _________, to negotiate small, inadequate changes.

a. marinateb. ambuscadec. temporized. mediate

From Joseph Heller’s Catch-22

[They walked] under the __________ emptiness of the sky.

a. pellucidb. Mediterraneanc. temporald. adjunct

From Joseph Heller’s Catch-22

[They walked] under the __________ emptiness of the sky.

a. pellucidb. Mediterraneanc. temporald. adjunct

From Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man

[He heard] the apathetic moaning of the dumb, ___________ waves.

a. pellucidb. temporalc. translucentd. adjunct

From Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man

[He heard] the apathetic moaning of the dumb, ___________ waves.

a. pellucidb. temporalc. translucentd. adjunct