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Chapter 1-Living in a Network Centric World
CCNA Exploration 4.0
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Objectives
Describe how networks impact our daily lives. Describe the role of data networking in the human
network. Identify the key components of any data network. Identify the opportunities and challenges posed by
converged networks.
Describe the characteristics of networkarchitectures: fault- tolerance, scalability, quality ofservice and security.
Install and use IRC clients and a Wiki server.
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Communication in a
Network-Centric World
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How Networks Impact Daily Life
Communication is almost as important to us as our reliance on air,water, food, and shelter.
The communication method changes and evolves constantly. Early data network: limited to exchanging character-based information
between connected computer systems.
Current networks have evolved to carry voice, video streams, text, andgraphics between many different types of devices.
1.1.1.1
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How Networks Impact Daily Life
The way we live
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Lab 1.1.1.4
http://googleearthonline.blogspot.com/
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How Networks Impact Daily Life
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Extra: Wikipedia
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Extra: RSS
A podcast is a digital media file, or a related collection of such files, which is distributedover the Internet using syndication feeds for playback on portable media players andpersonal computers.
A web feed is a data format used for providing users with frequently updated content.Content distributors syndicatea web feed, thereby allowing users to subscribeto it.Making a collection of web feeds accessible in one spot is known as aggregation, whichis performed by an Internet aggregator. A web feed is also sometimes referred to as asyndicated feed.
RSS (Really Simple Syndication) is an XML-based vocabulary that specifies a meansof describing news or other Web content that is available for "feeding" (distribution orsyndication) from an online publisher to Web users.
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How Networks Impact Daily Life
The way we learn
Communication, collaboration, and engagement are fundamental building blocks ofeducation. The learning materials include interactive activities, assessments, andfeedback.
Traditional learning methods: student can obtain information only from the textbook andthe instructor.
E-learning courseware: contain voice, data, and video; any time, anywhere; onlinediscussion. Combine instructor-led classes with online courseware.
Access to high quality instruction. Removed geographic barriers
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How Networks Impact Daily Life
The Cisco Networking Academy Program is an example of a global online learningexperience.
Online courseware and delivery offer many benefits:1. Current and accurate training materials.2. Availability of training to a wide audience.
3. Consistent quality of instruction.4. Cost reduction.
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How Networks Impact Daily Life
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How Networks Impact Daily Life
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How Networks Impact Daily Life
The way we work
Many different types of information services: e-mail, video, messaging,and telephony.
Intranets for private, extranets for suppliers, vendors, and customers.
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How Networks Impact Daily Life
The way we work
Many different types of information services: e-mail, video, messaging,and telephony.
Intranets for private, extranets for suppliers, vendors, and customers.
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How Networks Impact Daily Life
The way we play
Supported by services delivered by the data network
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How Networks Impact Daily Life
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Communication
An essential Part of Our Lives
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Communication
Basic characteristics of communication:
1. Rules or agreements are 1st
established2. Important information may need to be repeated3. Various modes of communication may impact
the effectiveness of getting the message
across.
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Quality of Communications
External Factors
The quality of the pathway between the senderand the recipient
The number of times the message has to changeform
The number of times the message has to beredirected or readressed
The number of other messages being transmitted
simultaneously on the communication network
The amount of time allotted for successful
communication
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Quality of Communications
Internal Factors
The size of the message The complexity of the message
The importance of the message
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Quality of Communications
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Quality of Communications
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Quality of Communications
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The Network as a Platform
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Data Networking Role
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Data Networking Components
Devices: these are used to communicate with one another Medium: this is how the devices are connected together Messages: information that travels over the medium Rules: governs how messages flow across network
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The Elements of a Network
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The Elements of a Network
Network Connections
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The Elements of a Network
Protocols are the rules that the networked devices use tocommunicate with each other.
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Sending an Instant Message: Example
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Converged Networks
Multiple services-multiple networks
Converged networks
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Converged Networks
Intelligent Information Networks: offer so much more than basicconnectivity and access to applications.
Planning for the Future
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The Architecture of the Internet
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Network Architecture Characteristics
Network architecture: refers to both the technologies that support theinfrastructure and the programmed services and protocols that movethe messages across that infrastructure.
4 basic characteristics that the underlying architectures need to address
in order to meet user expectations:1. fault tolerance2. scalability3. quality of service
4. security
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Four Characteristics
F l T l N k A hi
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Fault Tolerant Network Architecture
DoD (the United States Department of Defense): research a communicationsmedium that could withstand the destruction of numerous sites andtransmission facilities without disruption of service fault tolerance.
Circuit switched Connection-oriented Network
F lt T l t N t k A hit t
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Fault Tolerant Network Architecture
Packet Switched Connectionless Networks
S l bl N t k A hit t
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Scalable Network Architecture
The Internet: is able to expand, has a hierarchical layered structure foraddressing, for naming and for connectivity services. Maintain peeringrelationships with other at the same level.
Q lit f i
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Quality of service
Quality of service
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Quality of service
Quality of Service (QoS): to prioritize which types of data packets must be delivered atthe expense of other types of packets that can be delayed or dropped.
2 steps: Classification
Assigning priorities
Quality of service
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Quality of service
Examples of priority decisions: time-sensitive; non time-sensitive; high importance; undesirable communication.
Network Security
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Network Security
The network infrastructure, services, and the data are crucial personal and businessassets.
Compromising the integrity of these assets could have serious business and financialrepercussions.
Consequences of a network security breach could include:
Network outage that prevents communications and transactions occurring, withconsequent loss of business Misdirection and loss of personal or business funds Company intellectual property (research ideas, patents or designs) that is stolen and
used by a competitor Customer contract details that become known to competitors or made public,
resulting in a loss of market confidence in the business
Network Security
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Network Security
Network Security
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Network Security
Ensure confidentiality:User authentication
Data encryption Maintain communication integrity:
Digital signatures
Ensure availability:Firewalls
Redundant networkarchitecture
Hardware without asingle point of failure
Lab
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Lab
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Trends in Networking
Trends in Networking
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Trends in Networking
Increasing
number of mobileusers
Proliferation ofnetwork capable
devicesExpanding range
of services
There are three major trends that are contributing to thefuture shape of complex information networks:
Networking Career Opportunities
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Networking Career Opportunities
Information Technology and networking careers are growing andevolving as fast as the underlying technologies and services. Asnetworks increase in sophistication, the demand for people withnetworking skills will continue to grow.
Traditional IT positions like programmers, software engineers, database administrators and network technicians are now joined by newtitles, such as network architect, e-Commerce site designer,information security officer, and home integration specialist.
Opportunities for forward thinking entrepreneurs are unlimited.
Even non-IT jobs, like manufacturing management or medicalequipment design, now require a significant amount of knowledgeabout network operation in order to be successful.
Chief Technology Officers in many large organizations list the lack ofqualified personnel as the primary factor delaying the implementationof innovative new services.
Using the curriculum
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Using the curriculum
Using the curriculum
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Using the curriculum
Using the PKT
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Using the PKT
Assessment
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Summary
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y
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