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Calderglen High School
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Calderglen High School
1 Give the name beginning of the hydrocarbons with 1 to 8 carbons
answer
DON’T NEED TO MEMORISE!!LOOK IN THE DATA BOOK!!!!1 = meth 5 = pent2 = eth 6 = hex3 = prop 7 = hept4 = but 8 = oct
Calderglen High School
•A compounds containing Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen.
•Hydrogen and Oxygen have a 2:1 ratio
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2 What is a CARBOHYDRATE?
Calderglen High School
What are SATURATED hydrocarbons?
Hydrocarbons where all the carbon to carbon bonds are SINGLE covalent
bonds
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Calderglen High School
Give some uses for CARBOHYDRATES?
1. Food2. For making Fuels
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4
Calderglen High School
What is the formula for
Glucose ?
C6H12O6
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5
Calderglen High School
What is STARCH and how is it made?
•A complex carbohydrate•Made when many Glucose molecules join together (polymerise)
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Calderglen High School
What is the test for Starch?
Iodine solution turns blue/black
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7
Calderglen High School
When CRUDE OIL is distilled what is the problem concerning the amounts of fractions obtained?
•There are not enough of the useful short chain fractions
• It is mainly the long chain hydrocarbons that are obtained
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Calderglen High School
What is the connection between the boiling point of alkanes and
their number of carbons?
Boiling point increases as the number of carbons
increases
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Calderglen High School
What is the word equation for the combustion of alkanes?
alkane + oxygen carbon dioxide + water
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10
Calderglen High School
Give examples of uses for ALKANES
Methane – natural
gas
Propane – bottled
gas
Octane – petrol
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Calderglen High School
What is the test for GLUCOSE?
Benedict’s solution turns orange/red
(when heated)
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Calderglen High School
Why do plants make STARCH?
They make starch from
glucose to store energy
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Calderglen High School
What are UNSATURATED hydrocarbons?
Hydrocarbons where there is at least one
carbon to carbon DOUBLE covalent bond
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Calderglen High School
How is starch broken down?
Starch is broken down during digestion in the body.
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Calderglen High School
Which carbohydrate can pass through the gut wall into the bloodstream?
GLUCOSE (small, soluble molecule)
(starch is large and insoluble – can’t pass across gut wall)
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Calderglen High School
Which process breaks down glucose for energy?
RESPIRATION
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Calderglen High School
What do alkanes, alkenes and cycloalkanes have in
common ?
They are all hydrocarbons so burn in a plentiful supply
of air to produce carbon dioxide and water
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Calderglen High School
Which homologous series has single C-C bonds?
ALKANES
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Calderglen High School
Which homologous series has C=C bonds?
ALKENES
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Calderglen High School
What type of bonding exists in ALKANES?
Saturated (C-C)
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Calderglen High School
What is catalytic cracking?
A process for breaking long chain molecules into
smaller more useful molecules
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Calderglen High School
How is catalytic cracking carried out?
By heating in the presence of a catalyst eg aluminium oxide.
The catalyst speeds up the process and allows it to take place at a lower temperature
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Calderglen High School
What is the main use for the small unsaturated molecules (eg ethene)
obtained by the cracking of long chain hydrocarbons?
Small unsaturated molecules are used to
make plastics
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Calderglen High School
Apart from the product molecules being smaller, what is different about
one of the products obtained in cracking?
•One will be saturated (C-C)•One will be unsaturated (C=C)
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Calderglen High School
What type of bonding exists in ALKENES?
Unsaturated (C=C)
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