©2013 Fluke Corporation 1

Jeff Gust

Chief Corporate Metrologist

Fluke Corp.

Calibrators for EV Charge Stations

©2013 Fluke Corporation 2

• Fluke was founded in 1948 by John Fluke Sr.

• Headquarters in Everett, WA• Acquired by Danaher in 1998

• First of many acquisitions in the Test and Measurement Market

• Gross Revenue in 2011 approximately $1B

Fluke’s 1st product

VAW meter

Introduction to Fluke

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Fluke at the top of the pyramid

Typical Calibration Hierarchy

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NIST DCV Lab

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PG9607 in PTB Laboratory

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• Free travel along I-5, Tesla to open 27 supercharger stations this summer.

• For the first time ever, a PEV was named 2013 Motor Trend Car of the Year.

• Blink charging stations to charge $5 for one charge to members and $8 for one charge to non members.

• Walgreens set to open 800 EV charging stations this year and will be charging $1-2 per hour.

Current Trends

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Tesla Supercharger Stations Today

*Tesla Official Website

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Predicted Tesla Supercharger Stations in 2015

*Tesla Official Website

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EV adoption in the world

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• 6,268 public electric charge stations in United States today.

Current State

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EV Market Projection

• 1.8M PEVs in US and 3.8 M PEVs worldwide by 2020.

• PEV Market to grow 40% CAGR while vehicle market to grow by 2%.

• US leader in PEV market with 46% share in BEV and 70% in PHEV.

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• Growth in EV adoption has made state authorities realize the need for creating standards for electrical vehicle charging stations.

• NIST U.S. National Work Group (USNWG) formed to develop standards for EVSE (EV Supply Equipment) and to ensure that the prescribed methodologies and standards are traceable to the International System of Units (SI)

Need for Calibrators

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• Develop a standard Method of Sale for electrical energy as KWH.oBased on KWH usageoNIST HB 130

• Address legal metrology requirements to address equipments used in EV refueling system.oNIST HB 44 to have the specifications tolerances and other

technical requirements that electric charging stations must meet.

• Create test procedure and traceable field testing.

Major Areas of Concerns for USNWG

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• There will be a need for an instrument that can calibrate electric charge stations.

• Calibration required irrespective of whether charge stations are free or fee based.

• Calibration required to make sure that the person charging the EV gets value through charging.

Discussion

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• Calibration Standards• Charging Station Conformance• Training• Education/Outreach

Challenges

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Calibration Standards Traceability

•SI/NIST

•Fluke Standards

•Fluke Calibrator for calibrators

•Fluke Calibrators

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• Calibration standard is a more accurate meter to monitor in line with charging station?

• Calibration standard is a source device where it would be necessary to disconnect the power source and connect in?

• It would be desirable to be able to interface calibration standard safely to any type of plug from the charging station

• Intrinsically Safe?

Calibration Standards - What does Industry want?

http://www.fluke.com/fluke/usen/solutions/intrinsically-safe/default.htm

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• Transformer – usually an integral part of the meter station• Meter – Acceptance tolerance = 1%, so a calibration standard would need to be 0.3% to 0.25%

• Load Testing – need to be able to apply a load that test at 0.5 Amps

• Power Factor test – tough test, would require a source where the phase between the voltage and current to the meter

• KWH – energy (Joules or KWH) depends on time, standards do not contain performance verification of timer circuitry

Charging Station Conformance

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• The present Weights and Measures community would require training on:

• Electrical concepts• Safety – (segregation of gasoline and electrical standards)• Test procedures with calibration standards

Training

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• Both charging station manufacturers and organizations/entrepreneurs installing stations need to be educated on the legal metrology aspect of electric vehicle chargers

• Need to communicate legal metrology requirements to manufacturers

• Many have no accuracy specifications• Some Manufacturer’s accuracy specifications do not meet

Handbook 44 and 130 requirements

Education/Outreach