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California’s California’s natural natural hazardshazards
Earthquake hazards
tsunamis, seismic shaking, liquefaction, and landslides
tsunamis• Form when the ocean
floor shifts in an earthquake or undersea landslide.
• The wave travels 600mph
• Coastal warning systems are in place.
• If you see the water go out…RUN!
Crescent City, 1964 after Alaska earthquake
Seismic shaking
• Amount of shaking depends on the soil, buildings, distance from epicenter and intensity of the quake.
1868 quake on the Hayward fault
Other EQ hazards
• Liquifaction: water-soaked soil turns into a liquid.
• Landslides: on steep slopes, rocks and dirt come loose.
• Other causes:– Excess rain– After fires– After drought
Anchorage, Alaska 1964
Volcanic hazards
• Include volcanic ash, lava flows, and volcanic gases.
• Volcanic fields can become active again.
• Toxic CO2 from Mammoth Mtn. is killing the forest in this volcanic area east of the Sierras.
Mt. Lassen 1914-1917
Storm hazards
• Mudflows: a mass of very wet soil flows downhill – can move 60 km/hr.
• Flooding: too much rain or melting snow.
• Failing levees in rivers and deltas
• Flash floods in deserts
Be prepared for an earthquake
• Getting together an EQ safety kit.
• Preparing your home for an earthquake
• Know how to turn off the gas supply.
Review
1. What is the name of a large wave caused by an earthquake?
2. Name 3 storm hazards.
3. Name 3 things that affect seismic shaking.