CALL and Language Skills by Ikhwan and Syed

8/7/2019 CALL and Language Skills by Ikhwan and Syed

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By

Muhammad Ikhwan Syafiq Bin Zulkifli

Syed Firdaus Bin Syed Zain


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CALL and Listening Skillsy Listening through multimedia Audio streaming

y In Listening with CALL, it has support such as;

y Text support

y Hyperlinked glossaries

y Translations

y Downloadable content


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y Listening activities are typically supported with

comprehension questions.

y For example;

y Learners listen to a particular conversation and then

answer questions related to the conversation.

y These listening activities are seldom provided with text

support gives the learners a challenge.


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Podcasty Podcasts are audio (sometimes video) programs on the

Web which are usually updated at regular interval

(Sze, 2006).y Podcast is a term first introduced by Ben Hammersley

as a synonym for audioblogging or amateur internetradio in an article in The Guardian on 12 Februari

2004.


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Podcast History


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Internet

Since 90s the Internet evolved tremendous speed.

People were exposed to the information super-highway.

Blogs

A popular way for people to share their thought in a casual format.

Allows anyone to be a social commentator.

Reading favorite blog become easier with news feed technology (RSS).

(David Winer) By subscribing to Really Simple Syndication (RSS) feed, it allow people toautomatically be notified of and receive new information when it isposted.

AudioBlogging

The ability to transfer larger pieces of information and faster connection

led some bloggers to start audio blogs. Nonetheless, the audio files could not be automatically updated as peoplehad to regularly check the website for update.

Adam Curry suggested to David to automate the delivery and synching ofthe content to portable audio players and personal computer.

Adam wrote the first podcatcher software (news feed collector forpodcast)


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Type ofPodcasts1. Radio Podcasts

Existing radio programs turned into podcasts.

E.g. BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation)

RHTK (Radio Television Hong Kong)2. IndependentPodcasts

Web-based podcast produced by individuals andorganizations.


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ELTPodcasting; Where tofind?y A podcasts directory is searchable database which is

linked to sites that house podcast (Sze, 2006)

y http://www.podcastingnews.com/forum/link_6.htmy http://epnweb.org/

y http://recap.ltd.uk/podcasting/

y http://iteslj.org/links/ESL/Listening/Podcasts/


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ELTPodcast Contenty Here are among the ELT Podcast content suggested by

Sze P. M.-M. (2006).

1. Comprehensive(http://www.englishteacherjohn.com/podcast/)

y These are podcasts that cover a wide range of contenttypes, such as traditional listening comprehension

activities, interviews, and vocabulary.


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2. Whole lessons(http://www.breakingnewsenglish.com/)

y These are whole lessons based on a podcast. Thismeans there are ready-made lessons based on podcastswhich teacher can use in the classroom directly asthere are audio file accompanied with lesson plan andworksheet materials.


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3. Vocabulary and idioms.

(http://englishteacherjohn.com/)

y In this kind of podcast, the host chooses somevocabulary items and explains their usage. Theexample presents a few idioms

4. Conversations with script (http://www.e-poche.net/conversations/)

y These podcasts contain conversations between nativespeakers .

y To help less proficient learners, each episode isaccompanied by the script, for learners to refer towhile listening to the conversation.


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5. Phonetics and pronunciation

(http://phoneticpodcast.com/)

y Podcasts which are suited for teaching phonetics andpronunciation.

y These podcasts are lessons which focus on specificphonemes and pronunciation problems in English.

6. Listening comprehension(http://mylcpodcasts.blogspot.com/)

y

These podcasts provide conventional listeningcomprehension practice.


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Podcast Benefit in Education1. Teacher Podcasts

y Allow teachers to reach out their to their students

beyond classroom confines.y Supplement a teacher classes for different purposes.

y Students can listen again on what the teacher said ona topic.


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2.Student Podcastsy Provide motivation for students to produce their own

podcasts as it can be access by anyone through the

website.y Create perfection through practice and rehearsal as

students have the chance to repeat their recordingseveral before posting it. Repetition will be able to

improve their pronunciation.


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yStudents will be able to learn to collaborate with eachother via collaboration through group podcast.

y Students will payattention to their pronunciationaccuracyas podcast is a permanent record of an oral

performance.y Different tasks can be assigned to different students

according to their ability level. (Mixed-abilityteaching)

y Shy students will be able to improve their speakingskill as they no longer involves with face-to-faceinteractions.


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CALL and Speaking Skillsy There are three major technologies of speech input and output.1. Text-to-speech Synthesis.

A computer-based system that should be able to read any text aloud, whetherit was directly introduced in the computer by an operator or scanned andsubmitted to an Optical Character Recognition (OCR) system.

It is impossible to record and store all the words of the language. It is more

suitable to define it as the automatic production of speech, through agrapheme-to-phoneme transcription of the sentences to utter. OCR (Optical Charactor Recognition) is the process of turning a picture of

words (such as a scan of a typed letter) into an editable document.

2. Automatic speech recognition. Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is technology that allows a computer

to identify the words that a person speaks into a microphone or telephone. It allows a computer to recognize in real-time with 100% accuracy all words

that are intelligibly spoken by any person, independent of vocabulary size,noise, speaker characteristics and accent, or channel conditions.


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3. Stored (digitalized) speech/recordings.

Digitized output is recorded, stored in the device and played backwhenever the user wants to say that item. This can be any type of recordedsound.

Digitized :

Speech is very natural: intonation / emotions. It is highly intelligible tothe listener

Recordings can be made quickly, on the spot, for spontaneous needs .(prerecorded)

Speech/recordings Allows user to record & produce non-speech sounds(sound effects)


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Lab: ESL Podcast websitesy http://www.podcastingnews.com/forum/link_6.htmy http://epnweb.org/

y http://recap.ltd.uk/podcasting/

y http://iteslj.org/links/ESL/Listening/Podcasts/

y http://www.englishteacherjohn.com/podcast/

y http://www.breakingnewsenglish.com/

y

http://www.e-poche.net/conversations/y http://phoneticpodcast.com/)


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Lab: Creating Podcast via Audacity& Multiply.com


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Referencesy Sze,P.M-M. (2006). Developing students listening and

speaking skills through podcast through ELT podcast.

y

Orden J. V. (2005). History ofPodcasts. Extracted onJanuary 25, 2011 from http://www.how-to-podcast-tutorial.com/history-of-podcasting.htm

y Neustein A. (1995). International Journal of Speech

Technology.

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CALL and Language Skills by Ikhwan and Syed

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