Call for Proposals - Southeast...

HIRP OPEN 2016

1

Call for Proposals

HIRP OPEN 2016

HIRP OPEN 2016

2

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2015-2016. All rights reserved.

No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Trademarks and Permissions

and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.

Confidentiality

All information in this document (including, but not limited to interface protocols, parameters, flowchart and formula) is the confidential information of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd and its affiliates. Any and all recipient shall keep this document in confidence with the same degree of care as used for its own confidential information and shall not publish or disclose wholly or in part to any other party without Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd’s prior written consent.

Notice

Unless otherwise agreed by Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, all the information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.

Distribution

Without the written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, this document cannot be distributed except for the purpose of Huawei Innovation R&D Projects and within those who have participated in Huawei Innovation R&D Projects.

Application Deadline: 09:00 A.M., 18th July, 2016 (Beijing Standard Time, GMT+8).

If you have any questions or suggestions about HIRP OPEN 2016, please send Email

([email protected]). We will reply as soon as possible.

mailto:[email protected]).

HIRP OPEN 2016

3

Catalog

HIRPO201601: Wireless Communication Technology

HIRPO20160101: Bearer Network for 5G ......................................................15

HIRPO20160102: Real-time Video Transmission Optimization in Wireless Networks ........18

HIRPO20160103: 5G IoT Service Transmission ...............................................23

HIRPO20160104: Feasibility and Position for High Frequency/Light Communication ........25

HIRPO20160105: High Reliability Communication over 5G Unlicensed ......................28

HIRPO20160106: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra High Speed Data Transmission .............31

HIRPO20160107: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra High Reliable Transmission .................33

HIRPO20160108: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra Dense Network ..............................35

HIRPO20160109: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra Large Coverage .............................37

HIRPO20160110: Cross-link Interference Mitigation for Dynamic TDD .......................39

HIRPO20160111: Codebook Design for FDD Massive MIMO .................................42

HIRPO20160112: High Resolution CSI Feedback for Massive MIMO Systems ..............45

HIRPO20160113: Coordination Schemes in High Frequency Bands .........................48

HIRPO20160115: Research on Radar Technology Application in Wireless Communication .51

HIRP OPEN 2016

4

HIRPO20160116: High Precision Beam Antenna Design .....................................53

HIRPO20160117: Positioning Technology Research ..........................................55

HIRPO20160118: UE-centric Small Cell Network Research and Design .....................58

HIRPO20160119: Spatial Channel Estimation Research for mmWave Massive MIMO System

..................................................................................................60

HIRPO20160121: Energy Proportional eNodeB/Network for LTE-Advanced and Beyond ...62

HIRPO20160122: Group Delay Consistency in Millimeter Wave Filter ........................66

HIRPO20160123: Software Design of Automatic Layout of Filter Cavity ......................68

HIRPO20160124: Antenna Attitude Determination ............................................70

HIRPO20160125: Boradband Dual Polarization Radiator with Asymmetric Pattern ..........73

HIRPO20160126: Small Size and Low Loss Combiner with Triple Frequency Bands ........75

HIRPO20160127: Decoupling Network ........................................................77

HIRPO20160128: High Speed T/H Circuit Research ..........................................80

HIRPO20160129: Research on Lens Antenna with Phased Array Feeder ....................83

HIRPO20160130: M-MIMO High DR RoF ......................................................86

HIRPO20160131: Study of Wireless Propagation Characteristics and Its Impact on System

HIRP OPEN 2016

5

Performance for 5G New Scenarios ............................................................89

HIRPO20160132: Study of Novel Wireless Channel Characteristics Prediction, Grouping

Method ..........................................................................................91

HIRPO201602: Future Networks

HIRPO20160201: Mobility Research for High-Frequency Network ............................94

HIRPO20160202: Wireless Power Supply for Low Power Consumption Equipment by Base

Station ...........................................................................................97

HIRPO20160203: Research on Key Technology of Transmission of High Definition Video for

UAV ........................................................................................... 101

HIRPO20160204: Research on Key Technology of Virtual Reality using Wireless

Communication ............................................................................... 104

HIRPO20160205: Research on Wireless Communication Network for Robotic Applications

................................................................................................ 106

HIRPO20160206: Research on Ambient Backscatter Wireless Communication Technology

................................................................................................ 108

HIRPO20160207: Research on Haze Suppression Using Electromagnetic Wave

Agglomeration ................................................................................. 111

HIRPO20160208: Auto-Scaling and Resource Coordination of Network Slices ............ 114

HIRP OPEN 2016

6

HIRPO20160209: Carrier Grade Cloud Resource Management based on Deep Learning

Technology .................................................................................... 117

HIRPO20160210: Game Theory based Network Slicing Management...................... 119

HIRPO20160211: Resource Allocation and Mapping for Network Slices ................... 122

HIRPO20160212: Trajectory Modeling and Generation for Mobile Users ................... 125

HIRPO201603: Optical Technology

HIRPO20160301: Advanced Package for Integrated Optoelectronic Component .......... 127

HIRPO20160302: All Optical Metro Network and Key Technology Research ............... 130

HIRPO20160303: Research and Develop a Fast Algorithm to Assign Traffic in Multi-OXC

under Given Traffic Demand .................................................................. 134

HIRPO20160304: Traffic Characteristics Analysis and Traffic Generator for DC ........... 136

HIRPO20160305: Control of MEMS Piezoelectric Actuator with No Hysteresis and Creep 138

HIRPO20160306: Electrical Packaging of Large Scale MEMS Device Array ............... 142

HIRPO20160307: Optical Dual-Polarization Input and Output Coupling Solution ........... 145

HIRPO20160308: Silicon based SOA Hybrid Integration .................................... 149

HIRPO20160309: Research on the Wide-Temperature Operating MUX/DeMUX........... 152

HIRP OPEN 2016

7

HIRPO20160310: 3D Single Mode Waveguide Research ................................... 154

HIRPO20160311: Research on Dust Proof Solution for High Density Optical Connector .. 157

HIRPO20160312: Self Cleaning Coating for Optical Fiber Modules ......................... 159

HIRPO20160313: Comfort Index under Optical Environment - Research Concerning Safety of

<Receiving Continual Radiation of Visible Light within Short Distance> .................... 161

HIRPO20160314: Power Supply and Data Transmission via Wireless Laser or THz ....... 163

HIRPO201604: Storage Technology

HIRPO20160401: Windows SMB Client Behavior Analysis ................................. 165

HIRPO20160403: Low Latency and Distributed Network Communication Component

Research based on RoCE .................................................................... 169

HIRPO20160404: Double the Energy Density of the Lithium Ion Battery ................... 173

HIRPO20160405: Unify Interface Reduced ECC Scheme for Hybrid Memory .............. 175

HIRPO20160406: Cross Layer Co-design for Flash Memory based Storage Systems ..... 178

HIRPO20160407: Design of an Error Aware Framework for Flash Memory based Storage

Systems ....................................................................................... 181

HIRPO201605: Computing Technology

HIRPO20160501: CPU Reservation on KVM Platform ...................................... 184

HIRP OPEN 2016

8

HIRPO20160502: The Acceleration of Networking in Cloud Computing .................... 189

HIRPO20160503: Research on Dynamic OS Image Editing Based on Actual Hardware

Combinations ................................................................................. 194

HIRPO20160504: PCB Cross-Sectional Physical Parameter Extraction .................... 199

HIRPO20160505: Key Technical Challenges of Quantum Computation .................... 202

HIRPO20160506: Using Advanced Language FPGA Over to Carry Out Large-Scale

Architecture Simulation ....................................................................... 204

HIRPO20160507: Many Core Processor Oriented RTL Language Simulator ............... 206

HIRPO20160508: Binary Executable File based Application Modeling Methodology ....... 208

HIRPO20160509: Distributed Performance Monitoring, Analysis and Optimization Tool for

ARM Platform ................................................................................. 210

HIRPO20160510: The Visual Tool for Software Architecture Emulation and Evolution based

on the Reverse Engineering .................................................................. 212

HIRPO201606: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence

HIRPO20160601: Large Scale Heterogeneous Data Processing ........................... 214

HIRPO20160602: Research on Techniques for Financial Anti-Fraud System .............. 218

HIRPO20160603: Research on Anomaly Detection for Multiple Dimensional Data ......... 221

HIRP OPEN 2016

9

HIRPO20160604: Low Latency Storage for Stream Data ................................... 224

HIRPO20160605: Research on SDN&NFV Network Maintenance Dystem Architecture and

Technology .................................................................................... 231

HIRPO20160606: Novel Algorithm Design and Use Cases for Data Stream Mining based on

StreamDM ..................................................................................... 235

HIRPO20160607: Communication Network Model Research based on AI Technique ..... 238

HIRPO20160608: Deep Learning based Robotic Perception ................................ 240

HIRPO20160609: Deep Learning based Human Visual Characteristics Research ......... 244

HIRPO20160610: Deep Learning based Scene Understanding ............................. 248

HIRPO20160611: Manufacture Quality Risk Analysis & Prediction based on Test Data ... 252

HIRPO20160612: Behavior Analytics for Personalized Mobile Services .................... 254

HIRPO201607: Media Technology

HIRPO20160701: Intelligent Portrait Photography by Mobile Phone ........................ 257

HIRPO20160702: Target Person Voice Identification Technique for the Improvement of Mobile

Phone Handset Multi-microphone Noise Reduction ......................................... 260

HIRPO20160703: Image and Video Captioning ............................................. 262

HIRPO20160704: Deep Learning based Speech Enhancement ............................ 264

HIRP OPEN 2016

10

HIRPO20160705: VR Streaming ............................................................. 267

HIRPO20160706: Sports Video Highlight Identification ...................................... 271

HIRPO20160707: Research on Video Coding Model for Saving Bitrate without Subjective

Quality Loss ................................................................................... 273

HIRPO20160708: Precondition Parameters for Solderability Test of Tin-containing Surface

Finish .......................................................................................... 276

HIRPO20160709: Depth-based Salient Regions Detection ................................. 279

HIRPO20160710: Acoustic Scene Classification on Smartphone ........................... 281

HIRPO20160711: Photo Enhancement Using Structured Light ............................. 284

HIRPO20160712: Study on Optical Image Blur .............................................. 286

HIRPO20160713: Research on Bearer Network Architecture and Technology for Video .. 288

HIRPO20160714: Key Technical Research on VR Audio ................................... 292

HIRPO201608: Engineering Technology

HIRPO20160801: High Power/Low Loss Microwave Phase Shifter ......................... 296

HIRPO20160802: Wafer Level Package MEMS Sensor Dacapping Method Establishment 299

HIRPO20160803: Improve BL Film Transmittance Rate to Reduce LCM Power ........... 301

HIRP OPEN 2016

11

HIRPO20160804: Precondition Parameters for Solderability Test of Tin-containing Surface

Finish .......................................................................................... 303

HIRPO20160805: Integrated Dual-Polarized BTS Filter-Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth

and Selectivity for Sub-6G MIMO Application ................................................ 305

HIRPO20160806: Integrated Dual-Polarized Filter-Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth and

Selectivity for 5G-mmWave MIMO Application ............................................... 308

HIRPO20160807: Multiple Beam Forming Network .......................................... 311

HIRPO20160808: Exploring High Power Low Loss Waveguide Phase Shifter ............. 314

HIRPO20160809: Exploring High Power Low Loss SPDT ................................... 316

HIRPO20160810: Lithium Battery Failure Early Detection ................................... 318

HIRPO20160811: System Reliability& Maturity Evaluation .................................. 320

HIRPO20160812: Research on Special “Metal” which the Electromagnetic Wave can

Penetrate and can be Anodized Like Aluminum ............................................. 323

HIRPO20160813: Coarse-Grained Analyses of Android Applications ....................... 325

HIRPO20160814: Maintaining Consistency of Architecture and Code Technology

Collaboration Project .......................................................................... 331

HIRPO20160815: A High-Reliable and High-Coverage Method for Retargeting Android

HIRP OPEN 2016

12

Applications to Java Bytecode ................................................................ 334

HIRPO20160816: A Automated Program Repair Method for Large Real-World Programs . 339

HIRPO20160817: Energy Proportional Communication ..................................... 343

HIRPO20160818: A Scalable Android Dynamic Analysis Framework ....................... 346

HIRPO20160819: Research on Automatic Driving Application Scenarios and Solutions based

on Vehicle Road Coordination ................................................................ 351

HIRPO20160820: Accelerate Software Builds on the Cloud ................................. 354

HIRPO20160821: Research on Vehicle Fleet Algorithm based on Vehicle Infrastructure

Cooperation ................................................................................... 356

HIRPO20160822: Intelligent Algorithm for Automatic-Driving Vehicle in Intersection ....... 358

HIRPO20160823: Embedded Software Program Dynamic Hook Stub Framework ......... 363

HIRPO20160824: Model Based White Box Testing Framework ............................. 365

HIRPO20160825: Architecture Efficiency Measure by Static Analyzing Source Code or Other

Information .................................................................................... 367

HIRPO201609: Materials

HIRPO20160901: Acoustic Performance Simulation, Evaluation and Application for Acoustic

Materials....................................................................................... 369

HIRP OPEN 2016

13

HIRPO20160902: Optical Design of Fresnel Lens for Smartphone ......................... 371

HIRPO20160903: High Acoustic Performance Membrane Materials in Speaker ........... 373

HIRPO20160904: Printable Conductive Inks with 3D Printing Process ..................... 375

HIRPO20160905: Accurate Measurement of Adhesion Strength............................ 377

HIRPO20160906: Coatings with Conductivity Significantly Higher than That of Silver ..... 379

HIRPO20160907: Conductive Materials with Conductivity Significantly Higher than That of

Copper ........................................................................................ 381

HIRPO20160908: Research on Evaluation Methods to Assess & Predict the Life Span of

Plastic Parts ................................................................................... 383

HIRPO201610: Simulation Technology

HIRPO20161001: PCB Simulation Technology of PIM ...................................... 385

HIRPO20161002: The Simulation Technology of The Electromagnetic Thermal ........... 387

HIRPO20161003: Roll Back in Distributed Discrete-Event Simulation ...................... 389

HIRPO201611: Microwave

HIRPO20161101: New RF Material Application in Microwave Communication ............. 392

HIRPO20161102: Phase Pop Detection and Estimation..................................... 396

HIRP OPEN 2016

14

HIRPO20161103: Relative Delay Estimation Between LOS-MIMO Channels .............. 398

HIRPO20161104: Hub-site Interference Cancellation ....................................... 401

HIRPO201612: Security Technology

HIRPO20161201: Learning-based Malicious Behavior Detection for Mobile Applications .. 404

HIRPO20161202: An Effective Method to Detect the Compromised Host via System Logs 407

HIRPO20161203: A reputation System to Evaluate IP/Domain Threat ...................... 409

HIRPO201613: Innovation Management

HIRPO20161301: Synergetic Innovation Network: Theory and Practice .................... 411

HIRP OPEN 2016

15

HIRPO201601: Wireless

Communication Technology

HIRPO20160101: Bearer Network for 5G

1 Theme: Wireless Communication Technology

2 Subject: 5G bearer network

List of Abbreviations

5G：5th generation mobile network

RAN: Radio Access Network

EPC：Evolved Packet Core

MM：Mobility Management，steering the traffic to the mobile node wherever it

moves

3 Background

To investigate breakthrough architecture and the enabling technologies to

satisfy the 5G core KPI including the RRB-BBU Interface / backhaul and the

core network excluding air interface technologies.

5G is the next generation wireless network and is one of the biggest moves in

the communication industry. The core KPIs of 5G (1ms latency, 1G-10Gbps

bandwidth, 1 million connections per km square) would change the network

architecture as well as new air interface technologies. There are four parts that

the bearer network to carrier traffic.

HIRP OPEN 2016

16

The first part is backhaul network, which connects wireless site to core network

(EPC). For 5G network, the EPC could be distributed, especially MEC will

push EPC function to close to site. To carrier IoT traffic, especially mission

critical machine type communication, the requirement of delay and jitter is

much stricter than 4G network.

The second part is RRU-BBU interface. The innovation on wireless technology

is to separate BBU and RRU, and place BBU at centralized location to control

distributed RRU. The major challenge of RRU-BBU interface is big bandwidth,

low delay and jitter.

The third part is midhaul, which carries X2 traffic. It is believed X2 traffic will

increase dramatically in 5G network because of CA and denser sites layout.

The forth part is network slicing, which becomes a hot spot in the research of

whole 5G network architecture, what is the bearer network role in network

slicing, and what is the key architecture and enabling technology?

4 Scope

The scope of the project should focus on bearer network, including backhaul,

RRU-BBU interface, and midhaul, with IP technology. Current IP technology

may has a big gap to meet the requirement, some major requirement may

required. The scope is not limited to network layer technology, also technology

at layer 2 or 1 even 4 could be included.

5 Expected Outcome and Deliverable

1) 5G Network challenges report;

2) 5G Bearer network proposal;

3) 5G Network demo.

HIRP OPEN 2016

17

6 Phased Project Plan

1) Phase1 (~3 months): Problem Identification.

Understand the 5G requirement, study the traffic model of RRU-BBU

Interface/midhaul/backhaul;

2) Phase2 (~5 months): Architecture Proposal.

Propose the network architecture and enabling technologies including

RRU-BBU Interface and backhaul network;

3) Phase3 (~4 months): Enabling technologies design, prototype development

and verification;

Develop the prototype and enabling technologies and verifying the prototype

by either dry run or simulation.

Click here to back to the Top Page

HIRP OPEN 2016

18

HIRPO20160102: Real-time Video Transmission

Optimization in Wireless Networks


2 Subject: radio transmission technology

3 Background

Video traffic is the well known the fundamental traffic in the MBB/eMBB

networks. As the figure shown below, video services are also have three

typical groups:

Video streaming, e.g. VOD;

Real-time video, e.g. video call, video monitoring etc;

Virtual Reality.

Now in the UMTS/LTE networks, VOD streams have been widely carried in the

wireless networks and the play out buffer in the UE side can efficiently smooth

the channel/bit-rate varying over the air.

However the real-time video and even VR requires much higher network

capability in the future, and VR is foreseen to be carried in 5G networks, which

can also be considered as the evolution of real-time video. So real-time video

service is essential to be enhanced in the cellular network for its strict

requirements of:

End to end latency limitation;

High bit-rate even at cell edge;

High cost of video encoding/decoding time and computation.

HIRP OPEN 2016

19

Although UMTS/LTE are already can support the real-time video from the

beginning, for the video call with CBR64kbps in UMTS and ViLTE H.264 HD

video call in LTE respectively. However the experience is very poor for the low

resolution and poor coverage.

HD video with new codec such as H.264, H.265 already can achieve great

progress in the video compression and good quality, but compares to voice

traffic in LTE, still real-time video is the bottleneck to support, for:

Much higher bit-rate (384kbps and above) than voice (23.85 at most now);

Encoding/decoding time consuming much longer than voice;

VBR with unpredictable instance bit-rate for the channel.

4 Scope

Identify the typical requirements for the real-time video use cases: there are

wide use cases for real-time video application, in the figure below, we

summarized several applications as:

HIRP OPEN 2016

20

Video call;

Real-time monitoring;

Social APP (e.g. Facebook live video);

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (HD video transmit back).

Research on coverage enhancement/experience improvement solution design:

based on the typical real-time video transmission use cases, and identified

requirements, design the solutions to effectively enhance the real-time video

coverage and transmission reliability, within the latency limitation.

5 Expected Outcome and Deliverables

The state-of-the-art investigation report of real-time video transmission

optimization in wireless networks, and technical reports of real-time video

QoE metrics and requirements used in wireless transmission;

HIRP OPEN 2016

21

Technical reports of real-time video coverage enhancement solution

design, including joint optimization of the codec adaptation mechanism

according the air interface information, physical layer enhancement for the

variable bit-rate video data, uplink transmission mechanism optimization of

the real-time video in wireless network, the performance simulation of the

schemes;

Real-time video quality evaluation platform supports the evaluation of

different loss level of the video data;

1~2 Invention/patents.

6 Acceptance Criteria

The proposed mechanism can extend the real-time video coverage to about

3dB, with the same video quality;

The benefit is reasonable theoretically, from the perspectives of real-time video

traffic character, the character or enhancement of the encoding/decoding. And

proved by the simulation evaluation;

No needs to implement the whole protocol stack and the whole RRM schemes

in the platform, pure physical layer enhancement is also acceptable given the

video traffic model is reasonably modeled.


Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of real-time transmission

optimization in wireless networks in industry and academic, and identify the

problems, metrics and requirements in this topic, forms technical reports;

Phase2 (~5 months): Research on real-time video coverage enhancement

solution design, could be the end to end optimization or the physical layer

HIRP OPEN 2016

22

focused study. Form the solution design report and the brief evaluation of the

core idea;

Phase3 (~4 months): Research on real-time video cross-layer optimization

mechanisms such as codec adaptation according the tighter cooperation with

air interface; the enhanced encoding with tighter cooperation with air interface;

joint radio optimization with richer codec information. And deliver the concrete

simulation results of all the solutions proposed in the project.


HIRP OPEN 2016

23

HIRPO20160103: 5G IoT Service Transmission



3 Background

In 5G system, IoT service is identified as one of the important use case. In

3G/4G system, some features have been already specified like eMTC and

NB-IoT. In 5G system further requirement beyond current LTE has been

proposed. This project tries to address those new requirements with potential

new architecture and assumption.

4 Scope

How to support IP based or non-IP based IoT services using the efficient

network architecture and corresponding procedure.

How to support IoT services more efficiently which may not under current

transmission assumption like session management, mobility management etc.


System design of 5G IoT is expected as the outcome, together with patent and

system simulation if necessary.


Phase1 (~3 months): Complete requirement analysis and competitive analysis;

Phase2 (~7 months): Complete feature design, complete and improve feature

design, complete performance evolution;

HIRP OPEN 2016

24

Phase3 (~2 months): results acceptance.


HIRP OPEN 2016

25

HIRPO20160104: Feasibility and Position for High

Frequency/Light Communication


2 Subject: new air interface technology

3 Background

High frequency/light communication is one way to alleviate the spectrum

gridlock at lower frequencies while simultaneously providing high-bandwidth

communication channels.

However, the component electronics used in these systems, including power

amplifiers, low noise amplifiers, mixers, and antennas, are too big in size and

consume too much power to be applicable in mobile communication.

Beamforming is a key enabling technology of MBB. High frequency/light

communication makes use of MIMO through large antenna arrays at both the

base station and the mobile station to provide sufficient received signal power.

However, the cost of implementing one RF chain per antenna can be

prohibitive, especially given the large number of antennas in MBB. With analog

baseband beamforming or RF beamforming, one or a few RF chains can be

used. In that case, the number of data streams that can be transmitted is

limited by the number of RF chains.

In addition to the component restriction and beamforming structure, the frame

structure, MIMO transceiver architectures, multiple access, waveform and

other air interface designs inspired by the hardware constraints should be

carefully analyzed.

HIRP OPEN 2016

26

4 Scope

Research on hardware constraints for High frequency/light

communication: while the small wavelength of high frequency/light

communication signals allows a large number of antennas to be packed into a

small form factor, the high cost components, like high-resolution

analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), makes it difficult to dedicate a separate

complete radio frequency (RF) chain with these components for each antenna.

Antenna technologies: high frequency/light communication will introduce

large number of antennas. This impacts the complexity of key signal

processing functions like channel estimation, precoding, combining, and

equalization.

mmWave air interface: to identify the high efficient air interface tech such as

frame structure, channel designs.


Technical reports of high frequency/light communication, key technologies

and analysis for air interface;

Technical reports of MIMO architectures and beamforming, including the

precoding and combining strategies for the broaedband high

frequency/light communication channel;

Simulation platform with source codes and description;



The capacity gain over low frequency on MBB services will be provided;

HIRP OPEN 2016

27

To feed the requirements provided by NGMN;

System complexities will be kept on a low level and can be refered to future

commercial product.


Phase1 (~3 months): survey the state of the art of high frequency/light

communication field, analyze and build the system model and provide the

related technical report;

Phase2 (~6 months): Research on system design based on high

frequency/light communication to identify key technologies and provide the


Phase3 (~8 months): Research on schemes of beamforming and combining

and provide air interface designs, simulation results and patents.


HIRP OPEN 2016

28

HIRPO20160105: High Reliability Communication over

5G Unlicensed


2 Subject: unlicensed spectrum

3 Background

Unlicensed spectrum plays an important role in 5G wireless communications

as it offers significant capacity boost to licensed spectrum. 3GPP is currently

specifying 5G which includes the unlicensed spectrum.

One key problem for unlicensed spectrum is shared by multiple devices where

a fair co-existence shall be ensured, e.g. by Listen-Before-Talk. Especially in a

dense network, LBT may cause congestions and severe delay in the initial

transmission. In addition, the retransmission may also be not ensured as the

retransmission may also experience LBT. These factors may cause the

transmission over the unlicensed spectrum not reliable.

It is therefore desirable to investigate efficient means to ensure high reliability

transmission over the unlicensed spectrum.

4 Scope

Target scenarios for High reliability communication over 5G-unlicensed:

Define the target scenarios for high reliability communication over

5G-Unlicensed, including the regulation requirements, the interference

modeling (e.g. different RAT like WiFi, Licensed Assisted Access, and number

of devices connected), traffic model, frequency bands and latency

requirement.

HIRP OPEN 2016

29

Research on solutions to ensure high reliability communication over

5G-unlicensed: solutions efficient ensure high reliability communication with

target latency requirements, which at least includes waveform.


Technical reports of target scenarios for High reliability communication

over 5G-unlicensed, which at least includes the regulation requirements,

the interference modeling (e.g. different RAT like WiFi, Licensed Assisted

Access, and number of devices connected), traffic model, frequency bands,

Latency requirement;

Technical reports of solutions to ensure high reliability communication over

5G-unlicensed which at least includes the waveform, co-existence

mechanism, and the evaluation results to justify the solution;



Improve reliability over LAA/eLAA at least by 50%. For example, in one target

scenario with high device density, the supported number of users for a given

data rate via 5G-Unlicensed are 150% of that via LAA/eLAA.


Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of high reliability

communication over licensed spectrum as well as unlicensed spectrum;

Phase2 (~3 months): Define the target scenarios for High reliability

communication over 5G-Unlicensed and provides the technical reports;

HIRP OPEN 2016

30

Phase3 (~6 months): Research on solutions for high reliability communication

over 5G-unlicensed, simulation results and patents.


HIRP OPEN 2016

31

HIRPO20160106: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra High

Speed Data Transmission



3 Background

In 5G define the expansion of Unlicensed spectrum, Unlicensed spectrum has

become an important issue for researching and discussing.

The future use of Unlicensed spectrum scene is very wide, such as industrial,

IoT, Enterprise LAN and so on.

Unlicensed spectrum has some characteristics different from the Licensed

spectrum, such as susceptible to interference, and other systems (WiFi)

coexist, law and spectrum’s restrictions, so it need to research Unlicensed

spectrum’s all sorts of technology carefully.

Project about Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra high speed data transmission will be

applied to some important scene such backhaul of dense site in Unlicensed

spectrum network, and the research can also enhance overall network

capacity in Unlicensed spectrum network.

It will be a challenge about how to ensure the ultra high speed data

transmission among interference and other system (such as Wifi)’s

coexistence.

HIRP OPEN 2016

32

4 Scope

Studying influence of interference and coexistence system in Unlicensed

spectrum network.

Studying key technologies and solution about how to ensure the ultra high

speed data transmission among interference and other system (such as Wifi)’s

coexistence.


The project hopes to deliver key technologies of coexistence of other systems,

anti-interference and the ultra high speed data transmission in Unlicensed

spectrum network.


The research results will help enterprise to use Unlicensed spectrum applied

some scene and enhance overall network capacity in Unlicensed spectrum

network among interference and other system (such as Wifi)’s coexistence


Phase1 (~10 months): The feasibility and influence of interference and

coexistence system of Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra high speed data

transmission;

Phase2 (~8 months): Studying key technologies of Unlicensed spectrum’s

ultra high speed data transmission and scenario analysis and simulation data.


HIRP OPEN 2016

33

HIRPO20160107: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra High

Reliable Transmission



3 Background









Project about Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra high reliable transmission will be

applied to some high reliable and low latency‘s scenes such as industrial 4.0. It

will be a challenge about how to ensure the ultra high reliable transmission

among interference and other system(such as Wifi)’s coexistence.

4 Scope


spectrum network.

HIRP OPEN 2016

34

Studying key technologies about how to ensure the ultra high reliable

transmission among interference and other system(such as Wifi)’s

coexistence.


The project hopes to deliver key technologies of coexistence of other systems,

anti-interference and the ultra high reliable transmission in Unlicensed

spectrum.



industrial 4.0 and other high real-time and reliability of the field.


Phase1 (~10 months): The feasibility and influence of interference and

coexistence system of Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra high reliable transmission;

Phase2 (~8 months): Studying key technologies of Unlicensed spectrum’s

ultra high reliable transmission and scenario analysis and simulation data.


HIRP OPEN 2016

35

HIRPO20160108: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra Dense

Network



3 Background






spectrum, such as susceptible to interference, and other systems (such as

WiFi) coexist, law and spectrum’s restrictions, so it need to research

Unlicensed spectrum’s all sorts of technology carefully.

Project about Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra dense network can help operators

and enterprises to obtain higher capacity density and increase the overall

capacity of the network in Unlicensed spectrum network.

4 Scope


spectrum network.

The feasibility of the Unlicensed spectrum of super dense networks and how to

deploy the Unlicensed spectrum network in different scenes and key

technologies.

HIRP OPEN 2016

36


The project hopes to deliver scenario analysis and key technologies of

coexistence of other systems, anti-interference and dense network in

Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra dense network.


The research results will help operators and enterprises largely to improve

spectrum efficiency and increase overall network capacity in Unlicensed

spectrum’s ultra dense network.


Phase1 (~8 months): The feasibility and key technology of Unlicensed

spectrum’s ultra dense network;

Phase2 (~10 months): Studying scenario analysis, influence of interference

and coexistence system and simulation data in Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra

dense network.


HIRP OPEN 2016

37

HIRPO20160109: Unlicensed Spectrum’s Ultra Large

Coverage



3 Background

In 5G define the expansion of unlicensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum has


The future use of unlicensed spectrum scene is very wide, such as industrial,






Project about Unlicensed spectrum’s ultra large coverage transmission will be

applied to some long distance control scenes such as UAV (Unmanned Aerial

Vehicle) and some long distance data transmission. It will be a challenge about

how to ensure super-long distance‘s reliable control of low latency and data

transmission of certain capacity among interference and other system (such as

Wifi)’s coexistence.

4 Scope

Studying influence of interference and coexistence system of long distance

and super-long distance in Unlicensed spectrum network.

HIRP OPEN 2016

38

Studying key technologies about how to ensure super-long distance‘s reliable

control and data transmission among interference and other system (such as

Wifi)’s coexistence.


The project hopes to deliver some key technologies or solutions of

anti-interference and the super-long distance’s reliable control and data

transmission in Unlicensed spectrum network.



control field and data field of long distance and large coverage.


Phase1 (~10months): The feasibility and influence of interference and

coexistence system of Unlicensed spectrum’s long distance reliable control

and data transmission;

Phase2 (~8 months): Studying key technologies of Unlicensed spectrum’s long

distance reliable control and data transmission ， scenario analysis and

simulation data.


HIRP OPEN 2016

39

HIRPO20160110: Cross-link Interference Mitigation for

Dynamic TDD


2 Subject: others


CIM: Cross-link interference mitigation

EIMTA: Enhanced Interference Management and Traffic Adaptation

3 Background

Dynamic TDD is a promising solution for higher spectral efficiency requirement

of 5G. It’s verified that adaptive reconfiguration of TDD configuration can

achieve obvious cell average throughput gain during LTE Rel-12 EIMTA.

However the gain of cell edge performance is not stable because of the limited

cross-link interference mitigation schemes between UL and DL (e.g. cell

clustering and power control). It can be foreseen that more flexible resource

allocation is necessary for some 5G scenarios (e.g. dense urban, small cell)

where traffic demand may vary dynamically in volume and in transmission

direction. Applying dynamic TDD in a multi-cell scenario may lead to new

challenges caused by severe cross-link inter-cell interference. Then effective

CIM schemes are worth further research work to enable dynamic TDD

especially for multi-cell scenarios with continuous coverage.

HIRP OPEN 2016

40

4 Scope

Research on CIM for dynamic TDD can include the following topics but not

limited to:

Advanced algorithms for cross-link interference mitigation for data

transmission between DL/UL, including interference measurement,

distributed/ centralized inter-cell coordination with power control,

beamforming, advanced receiver etc.;

Symmetric design between DL and UL, including low cross-correlation

reference signal (based on same waveform (OFDM for DL and SC-FDMA

for UL in LTE)) and so on;

Simulation including link-level and system-level with reasonable modeling.


Technical reports of survey of dynamic TDD and interference

management;

Technical reports of CIM solution design for dynamic TDD including

algorithm design and performance evaluation;

Dynamic TDD with CIM simulation platform with source codes and

description;

1~2 Invention/patents;

1~2 paper.

HIRP OPEN 2016

41


High-quality research report with clear algorithm design and simulation

evaluation with at least 20% Tpt gain (both cell average and edge

performance);

IPR meets the requirement.


Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of dynamic TDD with CIM and

provide the related technical report;

Phase2 (~5 months): Research on effective CIM relative algorithm design with

simulation evaluation (e.g. Link level);

Phase3 (~4 months): Research on effective CIM relative algorithm design with

system-level simulation and IPR/paper.


样例-Design%20Massive%20MIMO%20for%20Energy%20Efficiency%20V2.docx#



HIRP OPEN 2016

42

HIRPO20160111: Codebook Design for FDD Massive

MIMO


2 Subject: new sir interface technology


CSI: Channel state information

3 Background

Massive MIMO is one of the key techniques that can boost system capacity

and improve cell coverage in 5G. To fully exploit spatial multiplexing gains and

array gains brought by Massive MIMO, channel knowledge at the transmitter is

needed for designing precoding vectors. In TDD systems, channel state

information (CSI) is obtained via uplink channel estimation, where the

accuracy of CSI can be guaranteed by channel reciprocity. While in FDD

systems, the CSI can only be estimated at the receiver and feedback to the

transmitter. In order to make feedback overhead acceptable, the CSI is

quantized with a set of predefined vectors/matrices, which is called codebook

in LTE.

In practical, it is difficult to obtain CSI with high precision in FDD massive

MIMO systems. On one hand, using current constant modulus codebook in

LTE only captures partial information of channel and lost other information.

Non-constant modulus codebooks may have better performance, while

increasing the overhead and introducing PA power imbalance problems. On

the other hand, feedback overhead becomes large as the antenna number

HIRP OPEN 2016

43

grows, especially in FDD massive MIMO. Thus, it is hard to guarantee the

quantization accuracy while maintain the size of codebook acceptable.

Codebook design for FDD massive MIMO is still an open problem. How to

balance the performance and the feedback overhead of the system is

deserved to be studied.

4 Scope

Research on codebook design for FDD massive MIMO: Design new

codebook for FDD massive MIMO to improve the system performance with

acceptable feedback overhead. Specific channel characteristics of massive

MIMO or statistical channel information can be used to design the codebook.

Special considerations for cross polarized antennas are preferred.


Technique reports of analysis for constant modulus and non-constant

modulus codebook in FDD massive MIMO;

Technique reports of new codebook design for FDD massive MIMO,

including theoretical analysis, proposed solution(s) and the performance

simulation of the scheme;

Simulation platform with source code and description to verify the

performance of proposed solution;

1~2 Inventions/patents.


The proposed codebook for FDD massive MIMO should be verified by system

level simulation including both single user beamforming and multi-user

HIRP OPEN 2016

44

beamforming with slight capacity loss (less than 20%-30%, antenna

number>64) compared with the TDD systems;

The incremental feedback overhead should not exceed 30% compared with

the overhead of existing codebook in LTE.


Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of codebook design in FDD

massive MIMO, analyze pros. & cons. of the existing codebook design criterion

and provide the related technical report;

Phase2 (~6 months): Research on potential schemes of codebook design and


Phase3 (~3 months): Research on the proposed codebook and give analysis

on performance and feedback overhead, do the system level simulation and

do the patent application.


HIRP OPEN 2016

45

HIRPO20160112: High Resolution CSI Feedback for

Massive MIMO Systems


2 Subject: new air interface technology


CSI: Channel State Information

3 Background

Massive MIMO is one of key techniques to improve both spectral efficiency

and energy efficiency of the system. To fully utilize the spatial multiplexing

gains and the array gains of massive MIMO, knowledge of channel state

information at the transmitter is essential. In TDD systems, the CSI can be

obtained by exploiting the channel reciprocity using sounding. In FDD system,

the CSI has to be obtained through UE measurement and reporting. In realistic

system, as the antenna number is increasing, the performance gap between

TDD MIMO system and FDD MIMO system using traditional phase-only

quantization and feedback mechanism proposed in LTE is becoming larger.

The reason is that the codebook or the CSI can just capture partial information

of channel and lots of important information is lost. Compared with traditional

MIMO systems, the issue of channel acquisition is much more challenging in

massive MIMO systems due to the tremendous channel dimension. Hence, a

new CSI acquisition framework with high channel resolution and low overhead

should be investigated to resolve this problem.

HIRP OPEN 2016

46

4 Scope

Research on the High Resolution CSI acquisition framework of massive

MIMO systems: design the new channel quantization and feedback

mechanism to improve the performance for FDD massive MIMO systems.


Technique reports of vary CSI feedback mechanisms and analysis for FDD

massive MIMO systems;

Technique reports of high resolution CSI feedback design, including

theoretical analysis, proposed solution(s) and the performance simulation

of the scheme;





The proposed CSI acquisition mechanism for FDD massive system should be

verified by system level simulation including both single user beamforming and

multi-user beamforming with slight capacity loss (less than 20%-30%, antenna

number>64) compared with the TDD system;

The feedback overhead should be less than 20% of uplink capacity of the FDD

systems.

HIRP OPEN 2016

47


Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of FDD massive MIMO in CSI

acquisition field, analyze pros. & cons. of the existing CSI feedback

mechanisms and provide the related technical report;

Phase2 (~6 months): Research on high resolution CSI feedback design and


Phase3 (~3 months): Research on the proposed high resolution and low

overhead CSI acquisition mechanism, do the system level simulation and do

the patent application.


HIRP OPEN 2016

48

HIRPO20160113: Coordination Schemes in High

Frequency Bands




SE: Spectral Efficiency

EE: Energy Efficiency

CoMP: Coordinated multi-point

3 Background

Next-generation mobile systems are broadening their spectrum to

higher-frequency bands (above 6 GHz) to support a higher data rate up to

multigigabits per second. The high frequency spectrum offers many

advantages for wireless communication systems such as broad bandwidths for

high data rate information transfer, higher directivity and spatial resolution, low

probability of interference due to narrow antenna beamwidths, and etc. In

addition, the small size of antennas and antenna spacing at high frequency

(e.g., the mmWave frequencies) make the massive MIMO, which is identified

as one of the breakthrough technologies for 5G, a suitable beamforming

technology for transmission points in high frequency bands. However, the

severe loss property of high frequency bands compared with low frequency

bands poses a serious challenge for providing seamless connectivity.

Furthermore, the use of narrow beamforming makes it challenging to support

mobile devices, due to the link outages caused by antenna beam misalignment

HIRP OPEN 2016

49

resulting from the mobility of users. This motivates the coordination among

multiple transmission points in high frequency bands, aiming at improving the

coverage probability, transmission reliability and user experience. Different

from traditional CoMP operations, the coordination in high frequency bands

should be in the context of massive MIMO, i.e., the multi-point coordination

would evolve to be a kind of beam-directed coordination. Therefore, efficient

coordination schemes applicable to high frequency bands with high

transmission reliability and coverage probability should be investigated to

resolve the issues brought by high frequencies.

4 Scope

Research on the coordination schemes in high frequency band: design

efficient coordinating multi-point transmission schemes according to the

characteristics of higher frequency band to improve the coverage, the

transmission reliability and user experience.


Technique reports of potential issues associated with coordinated

multi-point operation and analysis in high frequency bands;

Technique reports of efficient coordination schemes design in high

frequency bands, including theoretical analysis, proposed solution(s) and

the performance simulation of the scheme;




HIRP OPEN 2016

50


The proposed coordination schemes should be verified by system level

simulation with obvious improvements on coverage probability, transmission

reliability and user experience compared with non-coordinated systems in high

frequency bands.


Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of coordination schemes in

CoMP field and potential issues associated with the coordinating transmission

or distributed (massive) MIMO in high frequency bands, analyze pros. & cons.

of the existing coordination schemes in the light of the characteristics in high

frequency band, and provide the related technical report;

Phase2 (~6 months): Research on efficient coordination scheme design and


Phase3 (~3 months): Research on the proposed coordination schemes, and

do the responding system level simulations and patent applications.


HIRP OPEN 2016

51

HIRPO20160115: Research on Radar Technology

Application in Wireless Communication


2 Subject: others

3 Background

There are too many similarities between wireless communication and radar

technology. Wireless communication focuses on coverage and throughput

enhancement. Radar technology focuses on target detection.

So we are wondering if we can improve wireless communication system

performance based on radar technology.

4 Scope

Whether we could get some extra information like3D geometry/ distance/

crowd density/ crowd flow … by radar technology? Based on the information

above we could improve wireless system performance.

Study the application scenario and feasibility of radar technology in wireless

communication system.


Give a feasible application scenario solution and proof.

HIRP OPEN 2016

52


Provide the design that can work in wireless communication system, show the

effectiveness of the proposed method by simulation. Theory clarification and

simulation of the performance improvement using proposed sensing method

compared to the legacy method is required.


Phase1 (~6 months):

Give a brief overview of possible application scenario by radar technology;

Give the basic idea of proposed method, and provide first round simulation to

show the effectiveness;

Theory clarification of the performance improvement using proposed sensing

method compared to the legacy method;

Phase2 (~6 months):

Detail algorithm optimization;

Simulation verification for different simulation cases;

Simulation of the performance improvement using proposed sensing method

compared to the legacy method.


HIRP OPEN 2016

53

HIRPO20160116: High Precision Beam Antenna

Design


2 Subject: antenna

3 Background

Inter-cell interference is the key factor that affects the performance of cellular

wireless communication system. To design the high-precision-beam antenna,

so that the transmitted signal of one cell is almost not to leak into its adjacent

cell, is an effective way to reduce inter cell interference.

4 Scope

To design the high-precision-beam antenna, so that the transmitted signal of

one cell is almost not to leak into its adjacent cell.


The Design of High-Precison-Beam Antenna;

Antenna prototype.


Antenna prototype verification.

HIRP OPEN 2016

54


Phase1 (~6 months): Give the basic idea of proposed method, and provide

simulation to show the effectiveness;

Phase2 (~6 months): Give the antenna prototype.


HIRP OPEN 2016

55

HIRPO20160117: Positioning Technology Research

1 Theme: Wireless communication Technology

2 Subject: location technology


IOT: Internet of Things

LOS: Light Of Sight

NLOS: Not Light Of Sight

3 Background

Positioning has attracted the research institute and industry to deserve the

high precision of indoor poisoning. However, the precision of point could not be

satisfied the real need because of the measurement algorithm such as

TOA/AOA in NLOS scene.

Meanwhile, Cellular-based Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have become

an important branch of Internet of Everything (IoE). Based on existing wireless

networks, IOT provides better network coverage for thing-to-thing

communications, supports more connections, and lowers power consumption.

Therefore, IOT meets the application requirements in industrial, public,

personal, and home domains. Such applications include smart water/gas

metering, municipal light and waste management, livestock breeding and

irrigation, and environment monitoring. A large number of sensor network, also

formed the demand for object positioning.

One of the above research points will be approved.

HIRP OPEN 2016

56

4 Scope

For IoT:

Solve the IoT terminal high precision positioning problem of the IoT

communication system. Including but not limited to the 3 GPP, the IEEE

standards organization related IoT technology, etc.

Limitation:

Outdoor scenario & NLOS condition;

Different basestation spacing configuration (200 m/500m/ect) affection;

Performance enhancement in narrow bandwidth like 200kHz;

Performance enhancement in typical antenna number like 1/2/4;

Number of basestation involved in localization algorithm is less than 4;

Target: Outdoor positioning accuracy: 30 meters on average.

For LOS/NLOS:

Either outdoor or indoor scenario is approved;

Target: Discrimination Algorithm for LOS and NLOS,and the accuracy is 3m

and 30m for indoor and outdoor respectively.


For IoT:

3 technology research reports;

Localization algorithm simulation code;

Localization algorithm prototype verification system.

For LOS/NLOS:

HIRP OPEN 2016

57

Research report documents, including discrimination algorithm for LOS and

NLOS, the position method for LOS/NLOS scene;

Relevant Patent;

Simulation code and analysis for the result.


For IoT:

Simulation and prototype test, meet the positioning accuracy of 30 meters on

average.

For LOS/NLOS:

Technique report discrimination probability should be more than 90%, and

meet the positioning accuracy.


Phase1 (~6months): Delivery technology research report and the localization

algorithm simulation code;

Phase2 (~6 months): Deliver prototype verification system and test report.


HIRP OPEN 2016

58

HIRPO20160118: UE-centric Small Cell Network

Research and Design


2 Subject: algorithm

3 Background

Dense small cell is a trend for further cellular network. The features of dense

small cell include:

ISD: 20~50m;

Low transmit power: ~100mw;

High user load.

Current LTE cellular network is based on BS-centric framework. The high

interference under dense small cells from co-channel neighbor cell worsens

the user performance. The edge user throughput is far below the centre user

throughput. How to improve the service experience of cell edge users is a top

challenge of dense small cell.

4 Scope

Research on UE-centric framework innovation, including small cell

basestation architecture, radio resource algorithm architecture and etc.;

Research on acceptable complexity UE-centric radio resource algorithm

innovation, including transmit and receive node selection, coordinated

radio resource allocation and power control, coordinated interference

cancellation and interference control technology etc. With the increment of

HIRP OPEN 2016

59

the number of basestations and cooperation nodes, the computational

complexity is linear growth;

Develop practical implementation schemes to apply the above techniques.

Performance analysis and simulation are needed.


Technique report;

Patent;

Simulation platform.


Remarkable throughput improvement both for center user and edge user;

The whole system design satisfies a good balance between cost and

performance.


Phase1 (~5 months): Techniques analysis and scheme design;

Phase1 (~7 months): Algorithm simulation and verification.


HIRP OPEN 2016

60

HIRPO20160119: Spatial Channel Estimation Research

for mmWave Massive MIMO System



3 Background

Channel status information acquisition is a key technology for mmWave

Massive MIMO system, both for uplink equalization and downlink precoding.

The traditional time and/or frequency filtering algorithms provide poor estimate

performance in low SNR condition. Beam domain channel estimation by

limited fix beamforming achieves limited direction channel information. Spatial

channel estimation represents the channel as a set of beams with different

direction of arrival/departure. With the aid of large amount antennas in

mmWave massive MIMO system, the accurate DOA, latency and amplitude of

each direction can be obtained to construct the complete spatial channel

information.

4 Scope

Spatial channel estimation method research for mmWave Massive MIMO

system;

Robust spatial channel parameter estimation, such as DOA(azimuth and

elevation), amplitude and latency.


Technique report; Patent; Simulation code.

HIRP OPEN 2016

61


Remarkable estimation performance improvement compared with

time-frequency filter method;

Robust spatial channel parameter estimation performance, and well

tradeoff between performance and computing burden.


Phase1 (~6 months): A survey of spatial channel estimate algorithms and

overall estimation methods design;

Phase2 (~6 months): Complete spatial channel estimation algorithm and

related parameter estimator design.


HIRP OPEN 2016

62

HIRPO20160121: Energy Proportional

eNodeB/Network for LTE-Advanced and Beyond


2 Subject: energy saving


CA: Carrier Aggregation

LAA: License Assisted Access

AAS: Active Antenna System

DTX: Discontinuous Transmission

FD-MIMO: Full Dimension Multiple-input Multiple-output

3 Background

LTE energy saving technologies have been extensively studied in several

energy efficiency research projects during past years, such as power adaptive

transceiver, cell DTX, bandwidth adaptation, antenna muting, Inter-RAT/eNB,

small cell on/off, etc. The power consumption of latest base station can be

adaptable with traffic variation to some extent, but still consume significant in

low traffic hours and active idle mode. Usually base station need longer wake

up time for lower power consumption mode. In order to guarantee quality of

service, the opportunity of entering deep energy saving mode will be reduced.

So deep sleep capability with shorter wakeup time will be main contribution for

energy proportional base station.

HIRP OPEN 2016

63

Due to the current access and control protocols, base station can’t discover

the idle user in the cell or site. Conventional cellular network energy saving

techniques by switching off cell or site reducing the network coverage will

result in cell reselection or out-of-service for idle UE. Once the base station

enter the switching-off mode, it cannot probe the user which move toward it

and can’t be recovered and associated with UE, which will degrade the user

experience. Thus, the cell switching off cannot apply in real network, especially

in indoor scenarios which has only one coverage layer. Considering the

evolutional ultra density network which will be characteristic of density access

node, multi-hop transmission, diverse backhauling, it is a big challenge to

energy saving management. Furthermore, Future RAN network architecture

evolution has introduced many new concepts, such as control-data-separation,

virtual cell, software defined RAN, user-centric network. Based on the Future

RAN network evolution, it is important to develop flexible mechanism and

energy saving management to make network resource allocated

on-user-demand, and network node flexible activated/deactivated. So that the

power consumption of network will be proportional of the traffic.

4 Scope

Research on how to achieve energy proportionality for eNodeB/Network with

minimal power consumption on active idle mode to around 1%~10% of

maximum power consumption, considering new features and trends

introduced in LTE-advanced network and beyond.

Base Station deep sleep and fast wakeup technologies: To develop power

consumption model on functional unit level for multiple base station type (e.g.

RRU, AAS, MIMO, Small cell). Focus on dynamical capability analysis of

hardware components and sub-components, especially on small signal RF,

digital processing and power supply unit which have higher ratio of power

HIRP OPEN 2016

64

consumption during low traffic. To analyze the deep sleep opportunity and

potential minimum boundary of power consumption for active idle mode. To

solve the challenge of fast wakeup (ns~μs for component, ms~s for system) for

hardware and software design.

Network dynamic energy saving technologies: To develop dynamic energy

saving technologies for multiple frequency heterogeneous network,

considering RAN architecture evolution (e.g. dual connectivity, Carrier

Aggregation, LAA, control-data- separation architecture, cloud RAN, software

defined-RAN, etc. ). Combining with low power and on/off capability analysis of

hardware components, to research on optimal sleep/wakeup mechanism and

resource scheduling algorithms, maximize time of different energy saving

status while maintaining guaranteed performance/QoS constraints.


Project 1：Base Station deep sleep and fast wakeup technologies

Power consumption model on functional unit level (including low power mode);

Low power idle and fast wakeup technologies research report (including

maturity, pros/cons, innovation, design solutions);

1~2 patents.

Project2：Network dynamic energy saving technologies

Dynamic energy saving analysis and design solution for multi-frequency

heterogeneous network;

Energy aware resource scheduling algorithm and simulation;

1~2 patents.

HIRP OPEN 2016

65


According to technical analysis or simulation, energy consumption of base

station/network should be proportional with traffic variation. Power

consumption on active idle mode should be 1%~10% of maximum power

consumption with guaranteed performance/QoS constraints.


Expected project Duration (year): 1 year.


HIRP OPEN 2016

66

HIRPO20160122: Group Delay Consistency in

Millimeter Wave Filter


2 Subject: IRF

3 Background

In order to realize wideband beamforming of phased array, it requires accurate

control of phase and group delay in each channel. Fluctuation of filter

transmission group delay will deteriorate the performance of phased array, and

it is impossible to compensate the group delay when they are different from

each other for different channels. It is a valuable research direction to explore

an effective way to realize filter with consistent group delay response.

4 Scope

Research on new filter model and scheme to decrease the group delay ripple

in passband, and improve the temperature drift;

Research on new processing technique to improve the batch consistency.


Technical reports of new filter scheme to control group delay variation, it

should include designing details and comparative analysis;

Testing results of new processing technique;

1~2 patents.

HIRP OPEN 2016

67


The central frequency is 20~40GHz, with 3~10% bandwidth, 40dB rejection at

the frequency 1GHz out of band. The group delay should have low variation

and be consistent between batches.


Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of method to control filter

group delay consistency, provide possible method to control group delay and

simulation results;

Phase2 (~6 months): Detail design and fabrication, provide measurement

results;

Phase3 (~3 months): Provide technical report and apply for patent.


HIRP OPEN 2016

68

HIRPO20160123: Software Design of Automatic Layout

of Filter Cavity


2 Subject: IRF

3 Background

In the process of filter evaluation and designing, manually layout of filter cavity

has occupied great proportion of time, and the area utilization ratio and layout

topology has basically determined the performance of the final filter. To

improve the filter evaluation efficiency and achieve the optimal filter layout, it is

expected to develop automatic layout software to obtain reasonable cavities

distribution in much shorter time.

4 Scope

Based on filter layout requirement, investigate algorithm of optimized

layout to meet the coupling topology;

Program software to realize automatic layout of filter cavity.

The problem of cavity layout can be described as how to maximize the cavity

radius in a given area with specific number of cavity. Additional limitations

include:

The first and last cavities should be in the vicinity of TX/RX and DIN

connectors;

Every two coupled Cavities should be adjacent to each other;

Each cavity should not overlap with other cavities;

HIRP OPEN 2016

69

All cavities should be confined in the specific layout area;

There are screw holes in the layout area, which is forbidden to place

cavities;

The radius of cavity should be as big as possible.


Automatic layout software and its source code;

Optimization algorithm;

Technical report.


Automatic layout software, achieve optimal cavity layout with the above

limitations.


Phase1 (~3 months): Research on layout algorithm under the conditions of

specific layout area, fixed position of the first cavity, designated cavity radius

and number;

Phase2 (~6 months): Realize automatic layout of 2T2R duplexer. Realize

automatic layout of 2T2R duplexer with fixed TX/RX/DIN connectors;

Phase3 (~3 months): Based on phase3, optimize automatic layout of 2T2R

duplexer, meeting PIM and high power design requirements.


HIRP OPEN 2016

70

HIRPO20160124: Antenna Attitude Determination


2 Subject: antenna

3 Background

Antenna alignment has a very big impact in wireless network coverage and

capacity. To obtain real-time attitude information of the antenna is important for

optimization and maintenance of the wireless network performance. An

antenna azimuth measured by sensors. To remotely and centrally read the

measurement results can greatly simplify the management and maintenance

of the antenna, reducing maintenance cost.

4 Scope

Develop a low-cost, small size antenna attitude measurement sensor device

for detecting the state of the antenna installation. Sensor device should have

good environment adaptability and the ability to cancel interferes exist in the

environment of antenna installation. And the sensor system does not need to

be calibrated artificial in the field.

Any type of transducer can be selected, but the above descriptions need to be

considered.

For example, if you select magnetic sensor:

The magnetic sensor as an azimuth antenna solutions with number of

advantages ,such as low cost, size, power consumption. But the presence of

the magnetic sensor needs to be calibrated, weak anti-interference ability and

HIRP OPEN 2016

71

other bottlenecks, and the base station antenna installations usually there are

a lot of sources of interference to the magnetic field.

In order to make low-cost magnetic sensor technology which can be applied

with a base station antenna azimuth measurement products, the analysis of

low-cost magnetic sensor calibration, magnetic interference in base station

antenna module application environment, and the sensor interference in noisy

environments is needed.


Antennas attitude sensor interference model research report;

The antennas attitude sensor anti-interference solutions report;

The antennas attitude sensor prototype and related schematics, software

code;

1-2 patents.


Heading accuracy 5 RMS;

Free manual calibration on field applications;

Low-end civilian sensor;

Low cost.


Phase1 (~6 months): Interference source analysis in base station antenna

scenarios, and reports;

HIRP OPEN 2016

72

Phase2 (~6 months): Calibration technology research, anti- interference

design, and completed the prototype development.


HIRP OPEN 2016

73

HIRPO20160125: Boradband Dual Polarization

Radiator with Asymmetric Pattern


2 Subject: antenna

3 Background

In general, the desired radiating power of base station antenna is below the

plane of the horizon. In this sense, the pattern of radiator elements in elevation

plane should be asymmetric. The asymmetric pattern can benefit both the gain

and side-lobe suppression when work at big tilt angle.

4 Scope

The asymmetric pattern will lead to poor isolation and stronger

cross-polarization fields for dual polarization elements. So how to design the

asymmetric pattern while remain high isolation and cross polar ratio at main

direction is the keypoints.


Design and simulation reports;

Prototype of an element in the specified reflector;

Patents.


Bandwidth: 1710-2690MHz;

HIRP OPEN 2016

74

The level drop:

<1dB at normal direction of reflector;

>5~6dB at 30o upward;

>12~15dB at 60o upward.


Phase1 (~4 months): The simulation is finished and the feasible scheme has to

be determined;

Phase2 (~3 months): Finish the first version of prototypes and the

s-parameters and pattern test;

Phase3 (~5 months): Finish the final version of prototypes and the

s-parameters and pattern test.


HIRP OPEN 2016

75

HIRPO20160126: Small Size and Low Loss Combiner

with Triple Frequency Bands


2 Subject: antenna

3 Background

Base station antenna is currently developing along multi-frequency and

multi-array tends. Therefore, the combiner is usually needed to realize the

signals’ combination and output. However, the existing combiners are

produced with larger size and higher loss due to the limited technology. For the

compact antenna, these kinds of combiners are difficult to achieve an

appropriate layout and large quantity of production.

4 Scope

The small size combiner with triple bands is needed to design with

suspended stripline;

Low loss;

The combiner in different band is required to be distributed in three

separate cavities.


1-2 pieces of important patents;

Reports contains but not only test report and research report;

Designed scheme and reports;

HIRP OPEN 2016

76

Instruction of test scenario and test solution;

Other report after communication.


Single cavity size: Width ≤32mm & Length≤50mm &Height≤6mm;

Working band: Three bands between (1710-2690) MHz), adjacent nearest

bandwidth ≤50MHz;

Loss : ≤-0.4db;

VSWR: ≤1.3;

ISO: ≤-25db.


Phase1 (~5 months): Report the associated research of the project and

feasible solution; Report the result of simulation with software;

Phase2 (~5 months): Make the prototype of antenna, test it and optimize;

Phase3 (~2 months): Finish the patents and the whole reports.


HIRP OPEN 2016

77

HIRPO20160127: Decoupling Network


2 Subject: antenna


BSA: Base station antenna

UWB: Ultra wide band

HBW: Horizontal beamwide

deg: degree

XPD: Cross-polar ratio

FBR: Front to Back Ratio (within 180deg+/-30deg)

VSWR: Voltage Standing Wave Ratio

ISO: isolation

3 Background

As the size of base station antenna is required smaller and smaller, to improve

the isolation becomes more and more challenging.

4 Scope

A 4-ports feeding network, added to tow dual-polarized radiators which work in

1710-2690MHZ to improve the isolation between radiators without radiation

performance reduction.

Improve the isolation between radiators by adding the decoupling network;

HIRP OPEN 2016

78

The network realized in PCB;

No impact on radiation pattern.


1-2 pieces of important patents;

Reports contains but not only contains test report and research report;

Designed scheme and reports;

Instruction of test scenario and test solution;

Other report after communication.


Specifications

Network requirements:

Isolation improved by the network;

Small insertion loss;

Realized in PCB, size< 80mm*80mm;

VSWR<1.25.

Frequency band; 1710-2690;

Ports number:4;

Radiators:

Compact radiator spacing;

+/-45 degree dual polarization;

HIRP OPEN 2016

79

Radiation pattern: few changing with the network (Gain, HBW, VBW

and F/B etc.).


Phase1 (~3 months): Report the associated research of the project and

feasible solution, Report the result of simulation with software;

Phase2 (~6 months): Make the prototype of antenna, test it and optimize;

Phase3 (~3 months): Finish the patents and the whole reports.


HIRP OPEN 2016

80

HIRPO20160128: High Speed T/H Circuit Research

1 Theme: Wireless communication technology

2 Subject: IRF

3 Background

During the last few years the demand on high-speed data acquisition systems,

has grown significantly. However modern millimeter-wave communication

system is limited by the sample bandwidth and working frequency of the ADC,

if high speed ADC can be realized, digital equalization is more robust, scalable

and offers more flexibility , which also lead a new design technique to the

transceiver’s structure , but high speed ADC is difficult to design.

The design of a high speed track and hold circuit is a good resolution. High T/H

circuit can be usefully applied in data acquisition systems, as a presampler in

front of the ADC, in order to improve the high-frequency performance of the

ADC, or several parallel analog inputs can be multiplexed using multiple T/H

circuits in front of the ADC.

The research of the high speed T/H circuit is good to decrease limitation of the

ADC in system. With a high T/H circuit, the transceiver can use a low speed

ADC to achieve high speed data transmission instead of high speed ADC,

which also offers a new way to design the transceiver’s structure, lower the

cost and complexity of the communication system.

4 Scope

(1) Research the feasibility of the T/H circuit:

HIRP OPEN 2016

81

Survey of the existed T/H circuit structure and analyze the feasibility of these

structures which would be used in high speed applications and be suitable for

the millimeter-wave applications;

Analyze the T/H circuit in different process, analyze the merits and demerits in

different process.

(2) Design the high speed T/H circuit:

Design a high speed T/H circuit to meet the demand of high frequency data

converter system;

Design and simulate in a suitable process;

Target performance of the T/H circuit is listed below:

3dB BW=0~12GHz;

Sample clock= 6GHz;

SFDR=-50dB@1dBFs;

Output port number>=2.


Report of the Survey and analysis of the T/H circuit;

The T/H circuit simulation report;

Patents or papers.


The survey report should include the comparison of the different process, the

simulation result should meet the demand of high speed and millimeter-wave

applications.

HIRP OPEN 2016

82


Phase1 (~4 months): Research the feasibility of the T/H circuit;

Current achievement: Survey of the existed T/H circuit structure and analyze

the feasibility of these structures which would be used in high speed

applications;

Output: Report of the Survey and analysis of the T/H circuit;

Phase2 (~12 months): Design the high speed T/H circuit;

Current achievement: Design a high speed T/H circuit to meet the demand of

high frequency data converter system. Design and simulate in a suitable

process;

Output: The report of T/H circuit simulation.


HIRP OPEN 2016

83

HIRPO20160129: Research on Lens Antenna with

Phased Array Feeder


2 Subject: IRF


PAA: Phased Array Antenna

3 Background

Higher than 30GHz spectrum is getting more popular in last 5 years, especially

in 60GHz and E band. Broad bandwidth offer great chance for business and

consumer opportunity in the future. In order to compensate high propagation

loss, high gain antenna with steering capability is appreciated.

Conventional phased array can fulfill the antenna requirement, but

consequently the hardware complexity, calibration process, cost and power

efficiency make it hard to deploy in commercial application.

Compared with Phased array antenna using each hundreds or thousands

radiators, Lens antenna (e.g. Dielectrical lens, Artificial planar lens) using

passive structure with focusing capability to achieve antenna gain, which make

system complexity not tightly related with gain. Conventional steering feature

of lens antenna is based on feeder switching. But continuous steering is not

easy to achieve when lens antenna gain is higher than 30 dBi.

Novel lens antenna is demanded to keep the benefit of it intrinsic multi-beam

capability and solve incontinuous beam steering issue when high gain system

HIRP OPEN 2016

84

is required. Lens antenna with phased array antenna (PAA) feeder would be

attractive candidate.

4 Scope

Research about lens antenna with phased array feeder:

1) Theoretical model of lens antenna with phased array feeder(math or EM

model);

2) Lens style selection for working with PAA feeder;

3) PAA feeder design methodology;

4) Related beam-forming algorithm;

5) Related design and EM simulation.

Target antenna specs：

Requirements Description

Frequency 71~76GHz

Gain ≥33dBi

Steering range ±30° elevation and horizontal

Steering step ≤BW3dB

Radiator elements ＜100

1) ~4) with high priority.


Survey report and Feasibility study analysis;

Theoretical model analysis of antenna operation;

Antenna design methodology includes lens selection, array distribution and

Beam-forming method;

HIRP OPEN 2016

85

Target design documents and simulation.


Document deliverable: Survey and analysis document in each phase is

complete and pass Huawei acceptance team review;

IPR: 1 patent.


Phase1 (~3 months): Survey and feasibility analysis documents;

Phase 2 (~5 months): Theoretical model and analysis or basic methodology

document;

Phase 3 (~4 months): Lens and PAA feeder detailed design and Related

beam-forming method, which should including design document and EM

simulation, and patent idea.


HIRP OPEN 2016

86

HIRPO20160130: M-MIMO High DR RoF


2 Subject: IRF


M-MIMO: Massive Multiple-input Multiple- output

RoF: Radion over Fiber

DR: Dynamic Range

3 Background

The performance of RoF device or components is not enough to the 5G

wireless application in future.

High performance Radio-over-Fiber Link to support massive MIMO should be

research.

A high-performing, wide-bandwidth, high-dynamic range optical link are

extremely demanding.

4 Scope

1) Dynamic range is not enough for wideband RF modulated signal

transmission;

For wireless application, the ACLR of RoF should be over 60Db, now just

reach 52dB in the same condition.

HIRP OPEN 2016

87

Research the solution to improve the DR in order to reach the requirements

maybe including: new Hardware (for example new optical device, etc); new

software method (for example new pre-distortion algorithm, etc).

2) Reduce the fiber number;

For massive MIMO application, there are 64 or more RF channel to work at the

same time, so too many fiber are need to transfer the TR signal between Radio

Remote Head and indoor instruments. The number of fiber of whole system

should be less than 4.

Research the solution to reduce the number of fiber of ROF in Massive MIMO

system at the same time reach the DR requirement.


Study some new RoF technology or method to reach below specification:

Frequency range 3.4GHZ~4.2GHz;

Dynamic range: ACLR<-60dBc @ 10*20MHZ LTE carrier;

Patent idea for new RoF technology.


For deliverables as ROF high DR technology study and report, the acceptance

criteria are that good analysis and research on high DR ROF;

For deliverables as patent idea, the acceptance criteria are that good idea for

new RoF technology;

All the deliverables should be passed the review of TRB in Huawei.

HIRP OPEN 2016

88


Phase1 (~6 months): Research the high DR technology based on the system

spec. Delivery the report of ROF (Specifications and Assessment include:

identify the emerging technologies which can meet the ROF link performance

requirement) and technical solution for high DR ROF;

Phase 2 (~6 months): High level design for High DR RoF and patent idea.

Delivery the RoF high level design solution and 2 patent ideas.


HIRP OPEN 2016

89

HIRPO20160131: Study of Wireless Propagation

Characteristics and Its Impact on System Performance

for 5G New Scenarios



3 Background

With the explosive growth of mobile traffic data demand, the Fifth-generation

system (5G) would exploit high frequency, large bandwidth and Massive MIMO

techniques. Recently it is the critical stage for 5G to achieve the key

technology breakthroughs and standard finalization. The study of key

technology performance for typical deployed scenarios becomes very

important and urgent. The propagation characteristics and models are the

basis and important tools for the design and performance evaluation of

communication systems. Due to the requirement of diversity deploy scenarios

of 5G, especially for the application of dense small cells in dense urban

scenario, the choice of scenario for channel measurement becomes more and

more crucial.

New typical Scenarios for 5G are included:

Machine to Machine Communication Scenario;

Inter-eNB/ Inter-UE/ Intra-UE interference scenarios for flexible full duplex;

Dense Urban 3D High Building Scenario.

HIRP OPEN 2016

90

4 Scope

In order to evaluate system’s performance precisely under 5G new scenarios

above, wireless propagation characteristics for the new scenarios must be

studied firstly. Hence, this study aims to analyze the wireless propagation

characterizations and affection for the 5G new scenarios above.


One scenario of the above three scenarios can be selected, giving the

literature survey of the selected scenario’s propagation characteristics;

The technical research report on propagation characteristics for the new

scenarios.


Provide reports and papers including the simulation or analysis results about

channel characteristics of new scenarios, also including the impaction of these

characteristics to 5G communication systems. Herewith, it should be noted

that one can focus on one (but not limited to) scenario.


Phase1 (~6 months): Giving the literature survey of the new scenario’s

propagation characteristics;

Phase2 (~6 months): Study the channel characteristics in the new scenarios.

Estimate MIMO capacity performances for the specific scenario based the

channel characteristics.


HIRP OPEN 2016

91

HIRPO20160132: Study of Novel Wireless Channel

Characteristics Prediction, Grouping Method


2 Subject: others

3 Background

Modern wireless communication networks can be considered as large,

evolving distributed databases full of context and information available from

mobile devices, base stations and environment. The wireless channel data in

various scenarios including large scale and small scale parameters are one of

the important and useful data could used for analyzing and making predictions.

There are many challenges in terms of wireless channels for future wireless

communication systems, for example:

Numerous scenarios are considered for future wireless communication

systems, such as device-to-device (D2D) communications,

communications in the ultra-densely populated area, but the channel

measurements cannot be conducted in every scenario anywhere and lack

of these information will constrain the wireless system design;

Because of fast-changing conditions in some scenarios, the current

channel estimation algorithms may not accurate enough for these

applications.

Applying the state-of-the-art data mining and machine learning techniques for

readily available data from the wireless networks to predict missing information

is a good possible solution for the above-mentioned challenges.

HIRP OPEN 2016

92

This project is the first step to this vision. Path-loss prediction is thought to be

crucial for enabling efficient and proactive resource allocation. And the

decisions on resource allocation are not only based on present channel state

information, but also on information about future propagation conditions. In

particular, the quality of service (QoS) experienced by mobile users can be

significantly improved if the information of future path-loss and interference

condition around the users is utilized for proactive resource allocation.

Furthermore, by applying classification and pattern recognition algorithm (such

as Fuzzy c-means algorithm) on wireless network and channel data, the

wireless scenarios can be categorized, therefore, different base stations can

select predefined parameters based on different wireless scenarios according

to automatic identification of network and channel data in actual network.

All in all, through this project, by applying data mining and machine learning

techniques, a reliable path-loss / interference and coverage map for current

and future wireless networks can be reconstructed and site specific channel

scenario classification can be performed which will enable future networks to

better utilize scarce wireless resources and improve the QoS for mobile users.

4 Scope

Reconstruct a reliable path-loss / interference and coverage map for

current and future wireless networks by applying data mining and machine

learning techniques;

Propose novel clustering algorithms and apply them in site specific

channel scenario classification;

Study the relationship between channel characteristics and system

performance.

HIRP OPEN 2016

93


Select one problem above, and give the following deliverables to solve the

selected problem:

The literature survey of the selected problem’s state-of-the-art research;

The technical research report on the selected problem.


Provide reports and papers including the simulation or analysis results about

the selected problem’s solution.


Phase1 (~6months): Review the literature of the selected problem’s

state-of-the-art research;

Phase2 (~6 months): Study the selected problem, and give the technical

research report.


HIRP OPEN 2016

94

HIRPO201602: Future Networks

HIRPO20160201: Mobility Research for

High-Frequency Network

1 Theme: Future Networks

2 Subject: architecture and resource management


NR: New RAT

RLF: Radio Link Failure

RRM: Radio Resource Management

BRS: Beam Reference Signal

3 Background

The new RAT (NR) will consider frequency ranges up to 100 GHz. The radio

characteristics of NR may include large path loss, enlarged noise power (due

to large bandwidth), small cell coverage and large signal variation. To

overcome high frequency channel condition, the beamforming technology may

be used in some scenarios. However in general one beam has relatively

narrow coverage. Also the UE may be receiving more than one beam in a cell.

This brings huge challenges to mobility management, e.g. beam acquisition,

beam tracking, beam-based RRM measurement, RLF detection.

Moreover, this small coverage and fragile channel characteristic of NR lead to

frequent handovers and handover failures which UE experiences. Ping-pong

HIRP OPEN 2016

95

also happens more frequently in NR. As a result, mobility performance will be

degraded unless mobility mechanism is improved in NR compared to the

current LTE.

So, it is a valuable research direction to investigate the measurement and

mobility mechanism in high frequency to ensure good mobility performance in

NR.

4 Scope

Beam-based RRM measurement and RLF detection mechanisms

Investigate the beam-based RRM measurement and RLF detection

mechanisms, including beam acquisition, beam tracking, beam-based RRM

measurement (e.g. BRS design, how to measure, how to be averaged and

how to trigger measurement report), RLF detection, avoid and/or quickly react

to sudden SINR drops due to beamforming, and so on;

Mobility mechanisms in high frequency

Investigate the mobility mechanisms in high frequency, including how to

decrease the handover failure and Ping-Pong rate, ensuring 0ms handover

interruption time, and so on;


Technical reports of beam-based RRM measurement and RLF detection

mechanisms;

Technical reports of mobility mechanisms in high frequency;

Related simulation platform with source codes and description;


HIRP OPEN 2016

96


Design competitive measurement and mobility mechanisms in high frequency

and ensure good mobility performance at least not worse than LTE.


Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of measurement and mobility

solutions in high frequency especially with beamforming technology, analyze


Phase2 (~6 months): Research on schemes of measurement and mobility,

including beam-based RRM measurement, RLF detection and handover, and


Phase3 (~3 months): Research and provide related algorithms, simulation

results and patents.


HIRP OPEN 2016

97

HIRPO20160202: Wireless Power Supply for Low

Power Consumption Equipment by Base Station


2 Subject: IRF


RFID: Radio Frequency IDentification

3 Background

Limited device battery life has always been a key consideration in the design of

modern mobile wireless technologies. Frequent battery

replacement/recharging is often costly due to the large number of wireless

devices in use, and even infeasible in many critical applications (e.g., sensors

embedded in structures and implanted medical devices).

Categories and Applications

RF-enabled wireless energy transfer (WET) technology provides an attractive

solution by powering wireless devices with continuous and stable energy over

the air. By leveraging the far-field radiative properties of electromagnetic (EM)

waves, wireless receivers could harvest energy remotely from RF signals

radiated by an energy transmitter. RF-enabled WET enjoys many practical

advantages, such as wide operating range, low production cost, small receiver

form factor, and efficient energy multicasting thanks to the broadcast nature of

EM waves.

One important application of RF-enabled WET is wireless powered

communication (WPC), where wireless devices use harvested RF energy to

HIRP OPEN 2016

98

transmit/decode information to/from other devices. Without being interrupted

by energy depletion due to communication usage, WPC is expected to

improve user experience and convenience, with higher and more sustainable

throughput performance than conventional battery-powered communication.

WPC can also be applied in sensors with much lower maintenance cost and

enhanced flexibility in practical deployment.

Due to the high attenuation of microwave energy over distance, RF-enabled

WET is commonly used for supporting low power devices, such as RFID tags

and sensors. However, recent advances in antenna technologies and RF

energy harvesting circuits have enabled much higher microwave power to be

efficiently transferred and harvested by wireless devices. Therefore, WPC will

be an important building block of many popular commercial and industrial

systems in the future, including the upcoming Internet of Things/Everything

(IoT/IoE) systems consisting of billions of sensing/RFID devices as well as

large-scale wireless sensor networks (WSNs).

Model of (Power + Communication) vs. Model of Energy Harvesting

We also envision RF-enabled WET as a key component of the “last-mile”

power delivery system, with the smart electrical power gird forming the

backbone or core power network. Before proceeding to the discussion of

RFenabled WET/WPC, it is worth pointing out its relation to another green

communication technique, energy harvesting (EH), where wireless devices

harness energy from energy sources in the environment not dedicated to

powering wireless devices, such as solar power, wind power, and ambient EM

radiation.

Unlike RF-based EH from ambient transmitters, the energy source of WET is

stable and, more importantly, fully controllable in its transmit power, waveforms,

and occupied time/frequency dimensions to power the energy receivers. With

HIRP OPEN 2016

99

a controllable energy source, a WPC network (WPCN) could be efficiently built

to power multiple communication devices with different physical conditions and

service requirements. Besides, with RF enabled WET, information could also

be jointly transmitted with energy using the same waveform. Such a design

paradigm is referred to as simultaneous wireless information and power

transfer (SWIPT), which has proved to be more efficient in spectrum usage

than transmitting information and energy in orthogonal time or frequency

channels.

4 Scope

Investigate wireless charging technology;

Research on marco base station based wireless charging technology,

which aims to provide power for low cost devices.


1 survey reports on key technology;

Research on marco base station based wireless charging technology,

which aims to provide power for low cost devices at the power level of

0.001w;

1-2 patents and 1 publication submission;

1 prototype of technical identification.


Survey Report: Comprehensive study of the subject;

HIRP OPEN 2016

100

Research Report/Design Report: Technical solution can be implemented.

Clear technological advancement can be proved. Clear advancement can be

proved;

Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the internal

Huawei patent evaluation;

Publication: Paper written and submitted to a prestigious conference.


Phase1 (~3 months): Survey on technology of the wireless power supply;

Phase2 (~6months): Explore the technology of the wireless power supply for

low power consumption equipment by base station;

Phase3 (~3 months): Use case study and solution study.


HIRP OPEN 2016

101

HIRPO20160203: Research on Key Technology of

Transmission of High Definition Video for UAV



3 Background

Now Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is a very hot topic, and there are already

many UAV both in the consumer market and civilian market. One typical use

case of UAV is remote monitor, which will send back the real-time HD video to

the monitor center. How to use the existing wireless communication

technology or new to transfer the VR contents is an interesting problem.

4 Scope

Identify the typical requirements for the HD video transmission for UAV;

Survey on the transmission technology of high definition video for UAV

when using wireless communication;

Impact on wireless communication when using HD video;

Research on a new network architecture to fit for high definition video

transmission for UAV;

Research on coverage enhancement/experience improvement solution

design: based on the typical UAV HD video transmission use cases, and

identified requirements, design the solutions to effectively enhance the HD

video coverage and transmission reliability, within the latency and energy

limitation.

HIRP OPEN 2016

102


1 survey reports on key technology of transmission of high definition video

for UAV;

1-2 research reports on key technology, including license/un-license

spectrum，candidate schemes of optimal technology used in wireless

communication;

1 design/analysis reports and verification about key technology and

system architecture;

1-2 patents and 1 publication submission;

1 prototype of technical identification.




Clear technological advancement can be proved. Clear advancement can

be proved;

Patent Proposal: Patent proposals are evaluated and accepted by the

internal Huawei patent evaluation;



Phase 1 (~2 months): Survey on key technology of transmission of high

definition video for UAV, including industry and academia area;

HIRP OPEN 2016

103

Phase 2 (~7 months): Research on key technology of transmission of high

definition video for UAV, including architecture design, model selection,

algorithm design and so on;

Phase 3 (~3 months): Verification of the proposed architecture and technology.


HIRP OPEN 2016

104

HIRPO20160204: Research on Key Technology of

Virtual Reality using Wireless Communication


2 Subject: others

3 Background

Now virtual reality or augmented reality is a very hot topic, and there are many

VR devices in the commercial market. Because of the inherent character of VR

contents, the amount of transport is very large, so now the connection between

VR server and display headset is all fixed, which will restrict the mobility when

playing VR game or using other VR services. How to use the wireless

communication to transfer the VR contents is an interesting problem.

4 Scope

Survey on the AR/VR technology when using wireless communication;

Impact on wireless communication when using VR services;

Analysis of the requirement for wireless network for different AR

experience;

Research on a new network architecture to fit for VR transport.


1 survey reports on key technology of virtual reality using wireless

communication;

HIRP OPEN 2016

105

1-2 research reports on key technology of virtual reality, including

candidate schemes of optimal technology used in wireless communication;

1 design/analysis reports and verification about key technology of virtual

reality using wireless communication, such as system architecture;

1-2 patents and 1 publication submission.





be proved;





Phase1 (~2 months): Survey on key technology of virtual reality using wireless

communication, including industry and academia area;

Phase2 (~7 months): Research on key technology of virtual reality using

wireless communication, including architecture design, model selection,




HIRP OPEN 2016

106

HIRPO20160205: Research on Wireless

Communication Network for Robotic Applications



3 Background

Robotic application has been an emerging area in both enterprise and

consumer business. There is also ongoing standardization work in 3GPP for

related scenarios, e.g. NB-IoT and/or mMTC. However there may be more

specific verticals that require different user experience and functionalities, such

as cooperative robotics in a Multi Agent System. How to use wireless

technologies to enable more exciting applications would be a promising area.

4 Scope

Survey on the robotic technology when using wireless communication;

Impact on wireless communication when implementing robotic services;

Analysis of the requirement for wireless network for different robotic

applications;

Research on a new network architecture to fit for robotics traffic.


1 survey reports on key technology of robotics using wireless

communication;

1-2 research reports on key technology of robotics, including candidate

schemes of optimal technology used in wireless communication;

HIRP OPEN 2016

107

1 design/analysis reports and verification about key technology of robotics

using wireless communication, such as system architecture;






be proved;





Phase 1 (~2 months): Survey on key technology of robotics using wireless

communication, including industry and academia area;

Phase 2 (~7 months): Research on key technology of robotics using wireless

communication, including architecture design, model selection, algorithm

design and so on.



HIRP OPEN 2016

108

HIRPO20160206: Research on Ambient Backscatter

Wireless Communication Technology



3 Background

In traditional backscatter communication (e.g., RFID), a device communicates

by modulating its reflections of an incident RF signal (and not by generating

radio waves). Hence, it is orders of magnitude more energy-efficient than

conventional radio communication.

Ambient backscatter differs from RFID-style backscatter in three key respects.

Firstly, it takes advantage of existing RF signals so it does not require the

deployment of a special-purpose power infrastructure—like an RFID

reader—to transmit a high-power (1W) signal to nearby devices. This

avoids installation and maintenance costs that may make such a system

impractical, especially if the environment is outdoors or spans a large area;

Second, and related, it has a very small environmental footprint because

no additional energy is consumed beyond that which is already in the air;

Finally, ambient backscatter provides device-to-device communication.

This is unlike traditional RFID systems in which tags must talk exclusively

to an RFID reader and are unable to even sense the transmissions of other

nearby tags.

Designing an ambient backscatter system is challenging for at least three

reasons.

HIRP OPEN 2016

109

Since backscattered signals are weak, traditional backscatter uses a

constant signal to facilitate the detection of small level changes. Ambient

backscatter uses uncontrollable RF signals that already have information

encoded in them. Hence it requires a different mechanism to extract the

backscattered information;

Traditional backscatter receivers rely on power-hungry components such

as oscillators and ADCs and decode the signal with relatively complex

digital signal processing techniques. These techniques are not practical for

use in a battery-free receiver;

Ambient backscatter lacks a centralized controller such as an RFID reader

to coordinate all communications. Thus, it must operate a distributed

multiple access protocol and develop functionalities like carrier sense that

are not available in traditional backscattering devices.

4 Scope

Survey on the Ambient Backscatter wireless communication technology;

Explore the maximum transmission distance and transmission rate via

Ambient Backscatter technology;

Use case study and solution study using Ambient Backscatter technology.


One survey reports on key technology of Ambient Backscatter wireless

communication;

One or two research reports on key technology of Ambient Backscatter

wireless communication technology;

HIRP OPEN 2016

110

One design/analysis reports and verification about key technology of

Ambient Backscatter wireless communication technology, such as system

architecture;

One or two patents and 1 publication submission.





be proved;





Phase1 (~3 months): Survey on the Ambient Backscatter wireless

communication technology;

Phase2 (~6 months): Explore the maximum transmission distance and

transmission rate via Ambient Backscatter technology;

Phase3 (~3 months): Use case study and solution study using Ambient

Backscatter technology.


HIRP OPEN 2016

111

HIRPO20160207: Research on Haze Suppression

Using Electromagnetic Wave Agglomeration


2 Subject: IRF


PM 2.5: Particulate Matter with diameter smaller than 2.5μm

EMW: Electromagnetic Wave

3 Background

Haze weather is growing to be a global issue, which not only decreases the

traffic visibility, but also causes disease among a large number of individuals,

especially in urban area. Traditional methods of suppressing haze can merely

be used in a confined space, usually connected to a stove, which is widely

applied in coal fields. With respect to urban area, however, the haze created by

plenty of sources including automobile exhaust as well as the residues of dust

and powder from surrounding factories, is everywhere in the open space. Even

though the indoor air cleaner can exert some function, the expensive price for

an average family is a financial burden; and furthermore, the majority of people

should go outside in daily life. Therefore, a haze suppression approach for

open space is significant and emergency for protecting the environment

particularly in a heavy haze day.

Electromagnetic wave (EMW), widely used in wireless communication,

broadcasting, radar, etc., is nearly the only technology that propagates freely in

the open space and tends to be safe by controlling the transmit power. The

HIRP OPEN 2016

112

implement of approaching EMW to haze suppression could make great

benefits for both public health and commercial profit. Research on this

possibility is, in a word, valuable.

4 Scope

1) Valid parameters of the EMW for haze suppression: the parameter scope of

the EMW which is valid for suppressing the concentration of PM2.5, especially

the power and frequency instigating more than 20% of the PM2.5 particles

agglomerated to PM10, should be obtained with experiment and/or theoretic

proof;

2) Charging scheme on the base station: for the outdoor haze weather, the

particles should be charged sufficient for electrical agglomeration;

3) Device design: minimizing the size and power of the device for the particle

agglomeration, for being settled on base station.


1 survey reports on key technology of the EMW for haze suppression;

1-2 research reports on key technology of the EMW for haze suppression;

1 design/analysis reports and verification about key technology of the EMW for

haze suppression;




HIRP OPEN 2016

113



proved;





Phase1 (~3 months): Researching and preparing for the experiments;

Phase2 (~6 months): Testing and searching for the valid parameter scopes of

the EMW;

Phase3 (~3 months): Compiling the reports and intellectual property material.


HIRP OPEN 2016

114

HIRPO20160208: Auto-Scaling and Resource

Coordination of Network Slices




NFV: Network Function Virtualization

SDN: Software Defined Network

3 Background

A digital transformation, brought by the power of connectivity, is taking place in

almost every industry. New Communication types like Vehicle-to-Vehicle and

Machine-to-Machine will emerge with different network requirements. Network

slicing will enable operators to provide networks on an xyz-as-a-service basis.

By leveraging SDN and NFV, dedicated network slices will be created on the

same physical infrastructure. Network operators should make proper decisions

based on algorithms about the lifecycle management to meet the service

requirements and enhance resource utilization.

4 Scope

Survey on characteristics of different network slices and topics of network

slice resource management, resource allocation and coordination

algorithms;

Research on service requirement of different network slices. Feature

extraction and trend prediction of service workload and resource workload;

HIRP OPEN 2016

115

Definition of network attributes in network slice and setup mathematical

models;

Design auto-scaling algorithms and resource coordination algorithms

between network slices to satisfy carrier-grade reliability requirement and

enhance physical resource utilization.


1 survey reports on auto-scaling and network resource coordination;

1-2 research reports on auto-scaling architecture design, including

candidate schemes of optimal resource coordination for network slices;

2 algorithms analysis reports about auto-scaling and resource

coordination;




Research Report/Algorithm Report: Technical solution can be implemented.

Clear technology and algorithm advancement can be proved;




HIRP OPEN 2016

116


Phase 1 (~2 months): Characteristics of different network slices and topics of

network slice resource management, resource allocation or resource

coordination algorithms;

Phase 2 (~3 months): Research on service requirement of different network

slices. Feature extraction and trend prediction of service workload and

resource workload;

Phase 3 (~7 months): Definition of network attributions in network slice and

setup mathematical models. Design auto-scaling algorithms and resource

coordination algorithms between network slices in network slice to satisfy

carrier-grade reliability requirement and enhance physical resource utilization.


HIRP OPEN 2016

117

HIRPO20160209: Carrier Grade Cloud Resource

Management based on Deep Learning Technology




DL: Deep Learning

3 Background

Deep learning (DL) is widely used in natural language processing, image

recognition, text recognition and other fields currently. While operating the

Telco networks, there are many system performance data and log information

that can be collected. The expert system will run resource management and

failure analysis from these data. But this method is inefficient and difficult to

adapt the revolution of complex telecommunication networks. It is a major

research topic of how to use machine learning algorithms or deep learning

algorithms to identify potential risks in telecommunications networks.

4 Scope

Survey on deep learning technology, especially in telecommunication

management;

Describe and design the architecture, model and key technology of

telecommunication management with deep learning;

Research on the Telco cloud resource management, failure prediction (not

limited) assisted by deep learning.

HIRP OPEN 2016

118


1 survey reports on carrier grade cloud resource management based on

deep learning technology;

1-2 research reports on deep learning based resource management

architecture design, including candidate schemes of optimal carrier grade

resource management;

2 algorithms analysis reports and verification about carrier grade cloud

resource management based on deep learning, such as failure prediction;










Phase 1 (~2 months): Survey on the carrier grade cloud resource

management based on deep learning technology, including industry and

academia area;

Phase 2 (~7 months): Research on carrier grade cloud resource management

based on deep learning, including architecture design, model selection,


Phase 3 (~3 months): verification of the proposed algorithms.


HIRP OPEN 2016

119

HIRPO20160210: Game Theory based Network Slicing

Management



3 Background

NFV change the way how carrier networks are architected by separating

software and hardware and leveraging virtualization technology. It brings great

flexibility, reduces service deployment complexity and speeds up service

deployment. To obtain these benefits, however, network operators have to

spend huge amount of money on carrier grade servers and operation &

maintenance. To further reduce expenses, their network could be constructed

on the public cloud. Therefore, a slice resource management mechanism that

take advantage of the public cloud service should be established to guarantee

a carrier grade service.

4 Scope

1). VM auction and pricing modeling: VM pricing based on demand and

supply in the market, take customized VM and resources in geo-distributed DC

into consideration; game theory based auction mechanism, maximize revenue

of both provider and users, support VM auction on demand, combinatorial

auction of customized VMs and online auction;

2). Deployment algorithm in public cloud: analyze the number of users and

cloud resource consumption model, determine the required VM template and

HIRP OPEN 2016

120

combinatorial VM templates for a service based on traffic model; optimal

service deployment cross-DC with low latency;

3). Modeling of elastic scaling scenarios in public cloud: consider VM cost,

auto-scaling overheads, SLA violation penalty, minimize the expenses and

maximize the resource utilization;

4). According to the analysis above, validating the algorithm and solution in

public cloud.


1 survey reports on game theory based network slicing management;

1-2 research reports on network slicing management architecture design,

including candidate schemes of optimal network slicing management;

2 algorithms analysis reports and verification for proposed algorithms;









HIRP OPEN 2016

121


Phase 1 (~2 months): Survey on game theory based network slicing

management, including industry and academia area;

Phase 2 (~7 months): Research on game theory based network slicing

management, including architecture design, model selection, algorithm design

and so on;



HIRP OPEN 2016

122

HIRPO20160211: Resource Allocation and Mapping for

Network Slices



3 Background

The integration of vertical markets (e.g. smart car, e-health, smart city, Internet

of Things, etc.) and the ability to support real-time critical services (e.g. virtual

reality office, real-time remote computing for mobile terminal, traffic safety and

efficiency etc.) are needed in 5G network era. Network slices as an end-to-end

virtual resource for connection will satisfy these diverse service requirements.

Virtual resources allocation and mapping for carrier grade network calls for

higher reliability. Virtual resource allocation and mapping management for

network slices serve as a key component in 5G network operation. Therefore

designing an optimal virtual resource allocation and mapping management

algorithm for network slices are of vital significance.

4 Scope

A. Survey and analysis of resource allocation and mapping management

algorithm, as well as research of the industry’s trend to implement virtual

resource allocation and mapping management;

B. Detailed definition of the environment and constraints for network slice

resource allocation and mapping, plus analysis of resource modeling;

C. Design the resource allocation and mapping management algorithms for

network slices, which meet the following requirements: fulfills

HIRP OPEN 2016

123

telecommunications reliability requirement, effectively utilizes existing physical

resources and reduces resource fragments. The objectives considered include

resource utilization, load balance, reliability and energy efficiency, etc.


1 survey and report on resource allocation and mapping for network

slices;1-2 research reports on resource allocation and mapping for

network slices, including different algorithms for optimal resource

allocation and mapping. In addition, explain how the proposed algorithm

can be adapted and verified on the dynamic industry with flexibility;










Phase 1 (~2 months): Survey on resource allocation and mapping for network

slices, including industry and academia area;

Phase 2 (~7 months): Research on resource allocation and mapping for

network slices, including architecture design, model selection, algorithm

design and so on;

HIRP OPEN 2016

124



HIRP OPEN 2016

125

HIRPO20160212: Trajectory Modeling and Generation

for Mobile Users


2 Subject: others

3 Background

Location is a unique asset for mobile operators, with wide coverage,

all-weather, high frequency, etc. Open location ability through open API can

create new revenue model. However the accuracy of user position acquired

from network is not high, that is why we need the trajectory recovery algorithm.

It requires a lot of location data of multi users to refine relative algorithm, but it

is hard to get those data. Obtain large quantities of user location data through

simulation has a positive impact on the trajectory recovery algorithm.

4 Scope

Investigation and analysis of the current mobile user tracking information,

include accuracy, sampling rate, magnitude, cost, as well as the content

and sampling rate of MR (measurement report);

Analysis of Integrated map data in simulation platform, and generate user

trajectory automatically by map data;

Modeling trajectory in simulation platform, and build large-scale scenarios,

output a large number of user trajectory, align with trajectory recovery

algorithm.

HIRP OPEN 2016

126


1 survey reports on trajectory modeling and generation for mobile users;

1-2 research reports on architecture design of trajectory modeling and

generation for mobile users, including candidate schemes of optimal

trajectory generation;

2 algorithms analysis reports and verification about proposed algorithms;










Phase 1 (~2 months): Survey on trajectory modeling and generation for mobile

users, including industry and academia area;

Phase 2 (~7 months): Research on trajectory modeling and generation for

mobile users, including architecture design, model selection, and algorithm

design and so on;

Phase 3 (~3 months): Verification of the proposed algorithms.


HIRP OPEN 2016

127

HIRPO201603: Optical

Technology

HIRPO20160301: Advanced Package for Integrated

Optoelectronic Component

1 Theme: Optical Technology

2 Subject: optical sub-assembly


TOSA: Transmitter Optical Sub-Assembly

ROSA: Receiver Optical Sub-Assembly

3 Background

Due to the rapid growth of ultra high definition videos and migration to cloud

services, new challenges to the backbone networks are appended to operators.

To meet the evolution above, huge capacity communication equipments were

released, they helped operators to simplify the network and reduce the delay,

thus bringing an inspiring experience to users.

Due to the advantages such as high density and high integration,

optoelectronic components played a critical role in optical communication

systems. In photonic, package usually accounts for over 60% even 80% of

total cost while it is only about 10% for standard semiconductors. In this

process, many issues must be taken into consideration, such as electrical

signal integrity, light coupling efficiency, hermetic or non-hermetic sealing and

thermal management. In high frequency application, electrical crosstalk

HIRP OPEN 2016

128

between signal lines, thermal crosstalk inside the package and optical

crosstalk between optical waveguides became serious, they will greatly

influence the performance of components.

According to the roadmap of optical transceivers, the “hot pluggable

transceiver” and the “on board transceiver” are two kinds of module package,

the “on board transceiver” with BGA/LGA socket electrical connector is

designed to be placed near the host ASIC achieve shorter PCB electrical

traces and better signal integrity, but the electrical I/O density and performance

per lane are still need to be improved under high speed transmission.

Therefore, advanced package of optoelectronics is considered as the most

important step to realize high frequency electrical performance and low

insertion loss optical performance of the integrated component and transceiver.

From another point of view, package is a major contribution to the

optoelectronics component cost compared to semiconductors, low-cost

package will promote low-cost components, then low-cost system equipments

and low-cost interconnections.

4 Scope

The purpose of this project is to research and design the advanced package

technologies of the optoelectronics components and transceivers for high

speed optical interconnections, demonstrate the technical feasibility, and

compare the cost and performance with traditional schemes.

The research could include, but not limited to:

1). The overall design, modeling and simulation of high speed package for

multi-channel (>=4 channels) integrated optoelectronic component, such as

TOSA and ROSA, which could satisfy the bandwidth over 40GHz per channel

and meet the transmission rate over 56Gbps (NRZ) and 112Gbps (PAM4) per

HIRP OPEN 2016

129

channel, the size of 4 channels integrated TOSA and ROSA could satisfy

CFP4 or QSFP transceiver.

2). The overall design, modeling and simulation of package for multi-channel

(>=12 channels) on board transceiver, such as high speed socket solutions,

which could satisfy the bandwidth over 40GHz per channel.

3). The overall design of advanced package for low cost integrated

optoelectronic component, such as the optical chip scale package which could

satisfy the non hermetic target.


The expected outcome and deliverables are listed in the table:

# Deliverables

1 Design & Simulation Report

Overall design and simulation reports of research points in section 4 “Scope”

2 Modeling Modeling of performance simulation according to research points in section 4 “Scope”


Expected project duration: 6 Months

Stage 1 2

Date (From ~ Until)

T ~ T+3 Months T+4 ~ T+6 Months

Work Plan Explore possible new design.

Carry out modeling and simulation.


HIRP OPEN 2016

130

HIRPO20160302: All Optical Metro Network and Key

Technology Research


2 Subject: all optical metro network and key

technology

3 Background

Today, Web 2.0 users not only consume content, they also generate content.

Anyone can publish content on the Internet and user generated content (UGC)

has become mainstream information. In 2009, 75% of the content published on

the Internet was generated by users. The type of content users generate is

changing as well. Not only do more and more people own video or SLR

cameras that can produce high definition videos, it is increasingly easy to

publish these videos on the Internet. Users are generating an enormous

amount of digital content and the amount of information available is literally

exploding. In the coming decade, experts estimate that information available

online will increase 270 times. Processing all of this data with require massive

computing and storage capabilities. In addition, estimates project as many as 5

billion mobile broadband users, with each user consuming 50% more traffic

year to year. Total network traffic will increase 500 times over the course of ten

years. This information explosion and the digital floods result present network

carriers with unprecedented challenges.

HIRP OPEN 2016

131

4 Scope

The metro optical network studied in this project is divided into metro

aggregation and metro core, the physical distance covered 100km ~ 600km.

The whole network includes 8 core node, which should have 100Tbps

switching capacity and energy consumption should be less than 10mW/Gbps.

When the signal enters the network from the network edge, it should be always

in the optical domain whenever it’s transmitted or switched, to guarantee the

E2E latency is less than 10ms.

The main purpose of this project is to build an all optical network architecture,

including key building blocks which has functions like optical signal generating,

transmitting, switching, processing, and protocols to guarantee high capacity,

low power consumption and low latency.

The research can include, but not limited to:

1). The overall architecture of all optical metro network, which can satisfy the

traffic requirement and realize fast light path setup (setup time less than

10ms).

2). The key building block models and realization solutions

Optical signal generator. Covering C band, the optical channel bandwidth

in metro core >400Gbps, in metro agg >100Gbps, and keeping the same SE

with traditional network. The sub-wavelength in optical channel can be 10Gbps

HIRP OPEN 2016

132

High capacity optical switch/router. Supporting max 12 dimensions,

sub-wavelength switching granularity, and capacity up to 100Tbps, power

consumption less than 10mW/Gbps;

Low cost wavelength converter, either in optical way or electronic way;

Optical performance monitor and fast light path setup method.


The expected outcome and deliverables are listed in the table:

Deliverables

1 The overall architecture design report of all optical metro network

2 The key building blocks design report part1

3 The key building blocks design report part2


Stage

1 2 3

Date (from-until)

T*~T+3 Months T+4 ~T+8 Months

T+9 ~T+12 Months

Work Description

To explore possible new optical network architecture that can satisfy the requirement described in section 5 Scope and section 7 .

To explore the key building blocks realization of corresponding new optical network

To explore the key building blocks realization of corresponding new optical network

Output The overall architecture design report of all optical metro network

The key building blocks design report part1

The key building blocks design report part2

Evaluation Criteria

The document can be accepted

The design document can

The design document can be

HIRP OPEN 2016

133

by Huawei’s Review Group.

be accepted by Huawei’s Review Group

accepted by Huawei’s Review Group


HIRP OPEN 2016

134

HIRPO20160303: Research and Develop a Fast

Algorithm to Assign Traffic in Multi-OXC under Given

Traffic Demand


2 Subject: optical switch in DC network


OXC: Optical cross connect

3 Background

Today’s datacenters aggregate tremendous amounts of compute and storage

capacity, driving demand for network switches with ever-increasing port counts

and line speeds. However, supporting these demands with existing packet

switching technology is becoming increasingly expensive in cost, heat, power,

and cabling. Optical interconnection is a promising solution due to its

advantages in terms of lower latency, higher throughput, and lower power

consumption. But optical switching equipment lags behind electrical switches

in terms of managing low switch granularities and its relatively slow switching

time. So a suitable control plane will need to be devised: to support effective

scheduling algorithms to maximize throughput while reducing the latency.

4 Scope

Like c-though and Helios optical switch, only one OXC cannot satisfy the

bandwidth requirement in future DC. And the reliability is also low, as if the

OXC break down the whole optical switch cannot work. So it is very import to

HIRP OPEN 2016

135

deploy multi parallel OXC. In this case it is important to find a fast matching

algorithm to assign traffic between multi parallel OXC to get max throughput.


Algorithm in C++/ Matlab and Simulation report.


The time complexity of the algorithm can be improved by 50% compare with

some classical algorithm like Islip, Edmond.


Expected project Duration: 1 year.


HIRP OPEN 2016

136

HIRPO20160304: Traffic Characteristics Analysis and

Traffic Generator for DC


2 Subject: DC network

3 Background

Today’s datacenters aggregate tremendous amounts of compute and storage

capacity, driving demand for network switches with ever-increasing port counts

and line speeds. However, supporting these demands with existing packet

switching technology is becoming increasingly expensive in cost, heat, power,

and cabling. Optical interconnection is a promising solution due to its

advantages in terms of lower latency, higher throughput, and lower power

consumption. But optical switching equipment lags behind electrical switches

in terms of managing low switch granularities and its relatively slow switching

time. So to enable communication between different servers in a datacenter

with low latency and high reliability using optical switch, the characteristics of

various traffic flows in datacenter networks should be considered carefully. If

we know the accurate traffic characteristics in DC, we can design suitable

optical switch architecture and traffic scheduling algorithm to let the optical

switch can play a role.

4 Scope

Capturing characteristics of actual intra-datacenter traffic for different kind of

DC, and develop the corresponding traffic model; which can help to estimate

the performance of optical switch architecture and scheduling algorithm

sufficiently.

HIRP OPEN 2016

137


Report on traffic characteristics for different DC and different application;

method on traffic generator with different characters; code which can generate

traffic with different traffic.


For different kind DC, the mathematical models can be developed to descript

the characteristics.


Expected project Duration: 1 year.


HIRP OPEN 2016

138

HIRPO20160305: Control of MEMS Piezoelectric

Actuator with No Hysteresis and Creep


2 Subject: electrical driver design


MEMS: Micro-electro-mechanical system

AFM: Atomic Force Microscope

WSS: Wavelength-selective switch

3 Background

The voltage-dependent displacement curves of piezoelectric actuators have a

strongly nonlinear course that is subject to hysteresis due to the extrinsic

domain contributions. It is therefore not possible to interpolate linearly from the

nominal displacement to intermediate positions with a particular driving voltage.

In fact, most of MEMS piezoelectric actuators application needs accurate

control, which means the set displacement of piezoelectric actuators should be

achieved by a particular driving voltage without deviation. In the other hand,

high speed driving property is also an important requirement in some special

application such as piezoelectric actuator probe of AFM and MEMS mirror

array of WSS.

The objective of this project is analysis and finds the solution to solve or avoid

the hysteresis and creep effect for MEMS piezoelectric actuators, following the

questions:

http://www.dictall.com/indu/200/199934378F9.htm

HIRP OPEN 2016

139

What is the piezoelectric actuator driving approach? Can the presented charge

control realize MHz driving speed? How to realize model control? What is the

low cost way of feedback control drive? Which approach can realize accurate

and high speed control simultaneously?

Additional explanations

Piezoelectric material：typical PZT，chemical formula Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3

Hysteresis：In open-loop voltage-controlled operation, the displacement curves

of piezoelectric actuators show a strong hysteresis, which usually rises with an

increasing voltage or field strength. Especially high values result for shear

actuators or with bipolar control. The reason for these values is the increasing

involvement of extrinsic polarity reversal processes in the overall signal.

Creep: creep describes the change in the displacement over time with an

unchanged drive voltage. The creep speed decreases logarithmically over time.

The same material properties that are responsible for the hysteresis also

cause the creep behavior.

4 Scope

How to solve or avoid the hysteresis and creep effect for MEMS piezoelectric

actuators?

Research scope:

1) Investigate various control methods for MEMS piezoelectric actuators,

including but not limited to charge drive, capacitance insertion drive, model

drive and feedback control drive;

2) Evaluate the advantage and disadvantage of each method, including but not

limited to improvement level, difficulty level and cost control;

HIRP OPEN 2016

140

3) Propose feasible solutions to driving multiple MEMS piezoelectric actuators

simultaneously, including but not limited to hysteresis and creep reducing

method, circuit design, algorithm, performance prediction and test;

4) Give solutions to high speed driving circuit according to the fast response

requirement of piezoelectric actuators, including but not limited to high speed

device selection, high speed circuit design, performance prediction and test.


1) Technical investigation report on control methods for MEMS piezoelectric

actuators;

2) Technical proposal of reducing or avoiding hysteresis and creep effect for

MEMS piezoelectric actuators;

3) Layout of circuit;

4) Document of control algorithm;

5) Optimization report, test report and related technical documents;

6) Control module.


1) For the technical investigation report on control methods for MEMS

piezoelectric actuators: the report should give various control methods for

eliminating hysteresis and creep effect of MEMS piezoelectric actuators, and

also need give the advantage and disadvantage of each method, the

technology developing tendency in academy and industrial and the potential

technology provider;

HIRP OPEN 2016

141

2) For the technical proposal: the proposal should give reasonable reason for

the proposal, and provide adequate evidence to support it, besides, the

technical proposal should pass the review by Huawei;

3) For the technical documents: the documents should give detailed

description of control principle, circuit and performance evaluation. Specially,

the data of test documents should be real and the analysis should be

reasonable, and attach the testing environment, test method and test

instrument;

4) For the control module: the control module should satisfy the accuracy

requirement of MEMS piezoelectric actuators.


Phase1 (~2 months): investigate various control methods and find a feasible

solution for MEMS piezoelectric actuators; Delivery: technical investigation

report and technical proposal;

Phase2 (~5 months): develop single path control module, verify algorithm and

test the module with MEMS piezoelectric actuators; Delivery: single path

control module, layout of driving module, document of algorithm and related

technical documents;

Phase3 (~5months): module optimization, develop multipath control module,

verify algorithm and test the module with MEMS piezoelectric actuators;

Delivery: optimization report, multipath control module, layout of driving

module, document of algorithm and related technical documents;


HIRP OPEN 2016

142

HIRPO20160306: Electrical Packaging of Large Scale

MEMS Device Array

1 Theme: Optical technology

2 Subject: electrical package


MEMS: Micro-electro-mechanical system

TSV: Through-silicon via

SOI: Semiconductor-on-insulator

3 Background

The huge growth of communication band requires optical and electrical chips

to have large number of I/O ports, smaller volume, higher speed and lower

power consumption. MEMS device array based on semiconductor-on-

Insulator (SOI) substrate is one of the important solutions for large port optical

and electrical integrated chips. Electrical packaging is essential for the product

application of such optical and electrical chips. However, large number of

electrical I/O means high density metal pads for electrical signal. Therefore, it

becomes a big challenge to successfully package this kind of chips to keep

high speed signal integrity, low signal crosstalk, small parasitic capacitance,

especially when the number of metal pads exceeds 1000 and even 3000. In

addition, there is movable actuators on MEMS chip that lead to special

hermetic and mechanical considerations.

The objective of this project is to analyze and find the answer of the following

question.

HIRP OPEN 2016

143

What kinds of solution will be feasible to electrically package these MEMS

device array? Wire-bonding, flip-chip bumping with through-silicon via (TSV) or

copper pillar? What kinds of chip design or fabrication process is needed?

4 Scope

How to package MEMS device array that has large number of electrical I/O

ports? Research scope:

1) Investigate various electrical packaging techniques for MEMS device array;

2) Identify advantages and drawbacks of electrical packaging techniques for

MEMS device array that has high density metal pads, including but not limited

to wire-bonding and flip-chip bumping;

3) Propose feasible solutions to the electrical packaging techniques for

SOI-MEMS device array that has high density metal pads, including but not

limited to chip design for packaging, fabrication process, expected packaging

specification and potential packaging service providers;

4) Provide samples and necessary experimental verification on electrical

packaged sample chips and packaging process results that can prove the

feasibility of proposal.


1) Technical investigation report on electrical packaging techniques for MEMS

device array;

2) Technical proposal to realize the electrical packaging of SOI-MEMS device

array;

3) Chip samples that are used to verify the feasibility of proposed solution;

4) Technical documents including the packaging chip design, fabrication

process and experimental characterization.

HIRP OPEN 2016

144


1) For the technical investigation report: the report should give a detailed

description on various electrical packaging techniques, including but not

limited to wire-bonding and flip-chip bumping, as well as advantages,

drawback, scientific/industrial trends and potential service providers of

different technologies;

2) For the technical proposal: it should clearly describe on the principle and

feasibility of packaging solution, including but not limited to special chip design

for packaging, packaging process;

3) For chip samples: chips that are verified by experiments and satisfy the

expected performance;

4) For technical documents: detailed description and analysis on the whole

packaging process, including necessary illustration on

function/process/characterization of delivered chip samples.


Phase1 (~3 months): Investigate various techniques and find a solution;

Delivery: technical investigation report and technical proposal;

Phase2 (~8 months): Work plan for Stage 2: chip design and fabrication

process---round one: process developing and chip fabrication/characterization;

Delivery: chip samples and technical documents;

Phase3 (~8 months): Chip design and fabrication process---round two:

process optimization and chip fabrication/characterization; Delivery: technical

documents and chip samples that satisfy expectation.


HIRP OPEN 2016

145

HIRPO20160307: Optical Dual-Polarization Input and

Output Coupling Solution


2 Subject: silicon photonics

List of abbreviations

PIC: Photonic Integrated Circuit

TE/TM: Transverse Electrical/Transverse Magnetic

DGD: Differential Group Delay

PDL：Polarization Dependent Loss

3 Background

Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) is becoming an attractive platform for integrated

photonic circuits because the high refractive index contrast of the silicon

waveguides makes the chips be compact and cost-effective. However, the

high refractive index contrast and wavelength-scale dimensions make

photonic waveguide inherently polarization sensitive, and most of the silicon

photonics circuits are designed for a single polarization. On the other hand, the

signal polarization is unknown and keeps changing in a common single-mode

fiber. So it is very challenging to achieve stable and high optical coupling

efficiency.

And in some applications as such polarization multiplexing system, two

orthogonal polarizations are expected to be coupled into a silicon photonic chip

and be handled effectively. Especially when the signals are coded in advanced

HIRP OPEN 2016

146

optical modulation formats, polarization issues, i.e. polarization dependent loss

(PDL) and differential group delay (DGD), are critical problems. One possible

idea is to use polarization diversity scheme. In this system, two orthogonal

polarizations are separately coupled to a twin functional blocks at the same

time, where both polarizations are converted to identical ones, e.g. TE

polarizations, and pass through the twin photonic circuits in parallel.

One of the key components of polarization diversity scheme is I/O coupler (or

coupling solution) between the fiber and the chip. Ideal I/O coupler should

have the following features:

Low coupling loss;

Large fabrication tolerance;

Large alignment tolerance;

Low PDL and DGD;

Low cost.

Currently, it is reported that the state of art 2D polarization splitting grating

coupler achieved ~5 dB coupling loss and the edge coupling solution achieved

less 2 dB coupling loss, which limit the actual applications. It is desirable to

realize an even better fiber-to-chip coupling solution for silicon photonics

technology.

4 Scope

How to realize high performance optical dual-polarization I/O coupling for

silicon photonics?

The project involves the theoretical design and experimental verification of

dual polarization I/O coupling solution. For numerical modeling and design,

HIRP OPEN 2016

147

researchers may use custom models and/or may leverage existing commercial

photonic software.

The scope of the study should include, but not limited to, the following:

1) Reducing coupling loss for dual-polarizations from single mode fiber to

silicon photonic chip;

2) Design and fabrication of optical devices in optical coupling solution.


1) Technical documents of design, fabrication, and test;

2) Publications in peer-reviewed Journals and renowned International

Conferences;

3) Experiment results on polarization independent I/O solution for silicon

photonic circuits;

4) Patents on novel structures (of applicable);

5) Prototype of the polarization independent solution.


1) Reports on materials system and device design;

2) Presentation of summary to the technical committee at the conclusion of

each phase of the project;

3) Experiment results on the corresponding devices;

4) Acceptance of Journal papers and conference papers;

5) Patent disclosures that pass the IPR review process.

HIRP OPEN 2016

148


Phase1 (~1 month): High level discussion about proposed modeling; Delivery:

technical investigation report and technical proposal;

Phase2 (~2 months): Theoretical study/simulation of key optical devices;

Delivery: simulation results and technical documents;

Phase3 (~2months): Fabrication and test these key optical devices; Delivery:

chip samples, test results and technical documents;

Phase4 (~3months): Key optical devices design modification and architecture

design; Delivery: modified optical devices design, architecture design, and

technical documents;

Phase5 (~4months): Fabrication and characterize of the coupling architecture

design; Delivery: chip samples that satisfy expectation and technical

documents.


HIRP OPEN 2016

149

HIRPO20160308: Silicon based SOA Hybrid Integration


2 Subject: Silicon photonics


SiPh: Silicon photonics

SOA: Semiconductor Optical Amplifier

TEC: Thermoelectric Cooler

3 Background

Silicon photonics (SiPh) platform is suitable to large-scale photonics

integration. Silicon nanowire waveguides permit small bending radii of several

micrometers, which enable compact optical devices such as switch matrix.

However, large-scale switch matrix suffers from large cumulative optical losses

(on-chip loss of about 15 dB for 32x32 thermo-optic switch matrix) due to the

elements, such as phase shifters, couplers and intersections. Therefore,

on-chip optical amplification has become key function for SiPh platform to

compensate for those losses. Since silicon waveguides do not have optical

gain, hybrid integration of InP semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) on SiPh

platform are expected to be a near-term solution. Until now, various

approaches have been investigated to realize in-line optical amplification of

about 10 dB, including wafer-bonding and flip-chip bonding technology.

For in-line amplification, both input and output waveguides of SOAs should be

coupled to silicon waveguides. It is important to reduce the optical coupling

HIRP OPEN 2016

150

losses at both sides of SOAs caused by waveguide size conversion, optical

reflection, and misalignment.

The performance of SOA is sensitive to temperature rising. Operation at about

100mA current and 25℃ is generally realized under TEC control. For

multi-channel SOA array, large thermal-power consumption on small chip area

will lead to high temperature rising, making the temperature control more

challenging. It is also important to optimize the thermal design of whole chip.

4 Scope

The project involves the theoretical modeling and experimental verification of

optical coupling losses and thermal design of hybrid integration of

multi-channel SOA array on SiPh platform.

The scope of the study should include, but not limited to, the following:

1) Reducing optical coupling losses considering waveguide size conversion,

optical reflection, and misalignment;

2) Thermal design of hybrid integration of multi-channel SOA array on SiPh

platform, which can realize high performance with TEC control.


1) Technical documents of design, fabrication, and test;

2) Samples of hybrid integration SOA array on SiPh platform;

3) Modeling code, or model files in commercial design tools;

4) Publications in peer-reviewed Journals and renowned International

Conferences;

5) Patents on novel structures (of applicable).

HIRP OPEN 2016

151


1) Reports on design, fabrication, and test;

2) Presentation of summary to the technical committee at the conclusion of

each phase of the project;

3) Acceptance of Journal papers and conference papers;

4) Patent disclosures that pass the IPR review process.


Phase1 (~1 month): High level discussion about proposed solution;

Phase2 (~5 months): Theoretical modeling of optical coupling losses and

thermal design of hybrid integration of SOA array on SiPh platform;

Phase3 (~6 months): Experimental verification of optical coupling losses and

thermal design of hybrid integration of SOA array on SiPh platform.


HIRP OPEN 2016

152

HIRPO20160309: Research on the Wide-Temperature

Operating MUX/DeMUX


2 Subject: silicon photonics research

3 Background

MUX/DeMUX is an essential component as to silicon photonic WDM

application. However, it is difficult to guarantee the performance in a wide

temperature due to the silicon high temperature-optical index. Silicon is a high-

index material, leading to low accurate fabrication tolerance, and the crosstalk

between adjacent channels is poor generally.

4 Scope

1) Summarize the MUX/DeMUX solution, covering the Top 5 institutes and Top

3 companies;

2) Simulate and fabricate the wide-temperature MUX/DeMUX structure for SOI

CWDM application (O band, 20nm channel), with the standard SOI wafer

(220/340nm silicon waveguide thickness), and the temperature should cover

-10~70℃.


Silicon photonic MUX/DeMUX summarization report, considering the

mechanism, pros and cons, and covering Top 5 institutes and Top 3

companies;

HIRP OPEN 2016

153

Simulation and verification report as to CWDM MUX/DeMUX: fabrication >5

times, Chip size >1pcs/time, Device size >10pcs/ chip;

One patent related to wide- temperature MUX/DeMUX.


Summarization report should provide pros and cons for each solutions;

Crosstalk between adjacent channels >25dB, between nonadjacent

channels>30dB, covering the temperature from -5℃ to 70℃ and 20nm O

band;

Chips size >5pcs, device size >50pcs;


1 year.


HIRP OPEN 2016

154

HIRPO20160310: 3D Single Mode Waveguide Research


2 Subject: optical engineering technology

3 Background

As technology developed, now 2D waveguide can’t satisfy high density optical

output requirement. What’s more, now silicon photonics has more and more

requirement toward optical spot size conversion. This project focuses on the

research of 3D chip to fiber structure, Including spot size conversion, 90degree

3D waveguide turning, and 3D high density waveguide.

4 Scope

Problem to be resolved:

Provide high accuracy, low insertion loss 3D waveguide.


Low loss 3D waveguide, spot size converter samples, design reports and test

reports;

High density 3D waveguide converter samples, design reports and test

reports.


1) 3D waveguide

Table 1 key specifications of 3D waveguide

No Description parameter Unit Notes

HIRP OPEN 2016

155

1 Wavelength 1310 nm

2 Channel number 4 Channel

3 pitch 250 Um

4 Pitch accuracy +/-0.5 Um

5 Waveguide insertion

loss

<1.2 dB Fiber in to fiber

out

6 Spot size 9 um

7 Turning diameter <15 mm

2) Spot size convertor

Table 2 key specifications of Spot size convertor

No Description parameter Unit Notes


2 Channel number 4 Channel

3 pitch 250 Um

4 Pitch accuracy +/-0.5 Um


loss

<1.2 dB Fiber in to fiber out

6 Spot size(front facet) 9 um

7 Spot size(back facet) 4 um

8 Waveguide length <4 mm

3) Low loss waveguide

Table 3 key specifications of Low loss waveguide

No Description Parameters Unit Notes

1 Wavelength 1310 or

1550

nm


loss

<0.1 dB/cm

3 Spot size 9 um

4) 3D spot size converter

Table 4 key specifications of 3D SSC

No Description Parameters Unit Notes


2 Waveguide shape 7Core 3D to 2D


loss

<2 dB Fiber in to fiber out

4 Spot size(front facet) 9 um

HIRP OPEN 2016

156

5 Spot size(back facet) 4 um

6 waveguide length <4 mm

7 Pitch（front facet） 60 um

8 Pitch（back facet） 127 um


1 year.


HIRP OPEN 2016

157

HIRPO20160311: Research on Dust Proof Solution for

High Density Optical Connector


2 Subject: optical connector research

3 Background

Optical interconnection is becoming widely adopted for both Data Center (DC)

and Communication Technology (CT) applications because the traditional

electrical interconnection can’t fulfill the increasing bandwidth requirements.

Thus optical connectors are key components in such applications. For various

schemes of high speed communication, high density connectors are employed,

such as the MPO/MTP connectors. Especially, the application of backplane

interconnection will be highly developed, as the front-plane connection cannot

meet the demand of transmission and switching capacity. The application on

backplane is difficult for maintenance, thus the dust proof performance is

critical. In this program, we call for new ideas for dust proof solution for the

high density optical connector.

4 Scope

Consider new ideas for effective dust-proof solutions. Technical area could be

as follows (but not limited), end surface coating, self-cleaning method, dust

protective mechanics, and so on.

Detailed technical analysis for the design:

Conduct sample build and test to verify the performance for solution.

HIRP OPEN 2016

158


Technical analysis and design document;

Samples and test report;

Idea for one patent.


Technical report should include detailed analysis for the solution, and the

design is potential in mass production;

Verification test should include the main reliability test items in optical

communication, and the solution is proved effective;

The idea for patent pass related review.


1 year.


HIRP OPEN 2016

159

HIRPO20160312: Self Cleaning Coating for Optical

Fiber Modules


2 Subject: self cleaning coating for optical fiber

modules

3 Background

In optical switch, there exists air cooling system. Due to the constraints of the

air cooling system, it is difficult to clean the relevant connector ports. The

insertion loss of the optical fiber connection was significantly affected by the

dust. There is a need to have the connector ports free from dust.

HIRP OPEN 2016

160

4 Scope

To develop a kind of coating that can be self cleaning free from dust.


Targeted module: MT single mode connector with a < 9um core for 10 years of

application;

Dust free for wave length 850nm, 1310nm, 1550n.


Meet the objectives defined under section 5.


1~2 years.


HIRP OPEN 2016

161

HIRPO20160313: Comfort Index under Optical

Environment - Research Concerning Safety of

<Receiving Continual Radiation of Visible Light within

Short Distance>

1 Theme: Optical technology

2 Subject: safety of optical technology

3 Background

More and more new use of optical technology (such as AR/VR, 3D projection)

appears. It’s margin concerning safety of receiving continual radiation of visible

light within short distance for long time. Then, how long time exposed under

radiation is safe? How much radiation is safe within short distance (close to

eye)? It’s a topic eagerly requested us.

4 Scope

How long time exposed under different radiation is safe? and how much

radiation with different exposure time is safe in super short distance?

Remark: it’s aim at visible light (main range from 390nm to 780nm).


Report of research concerning safety of <receiving continual radiation of

visible light within short distance>;

HIRP OPEN 2016

162


Theory and date of basic science is enough, covering main scene of

application of visible light. Give suggestion of application of visible light within

different condition.


1~2 years.

Stage 1: physiological theory

Work plan for Stage 1: Fill out effect and physiological theory: visible light to

vision system of eye (including classification of group, such as baby, children,

adult and the aged);

Stage 2: test data of basic science

Work plan for Stage 2: Add test data of radiation: not only safety but also

comfort index under different optical environment in a long period. According

different classification, draw a conclusion which is useful suggestion of limit of

radiation in different condition.


HIRP OPEN 2016

163

HIRPO20160314: Power Supply and Data

Transmission via Wireless Laser or THz



3 Background

Wireless laser or THz electromagnetic wave propagation in the air has better

direction and less power loss. So wireless laser or THz electromagnetic wave

can not only transmit data, but also transmit power. Researching the power

and data integration wireless transmission technology will make the no tail site

possible.

4 Scope

1).Investigate the reliability and commercial cost of wireless laser or THz

based communication and wireless charging;

2).Research towards consumption wireless laser or THz technology used to

transmit or charging;

3).Research towards autonomous alignment solutions for wireless laser and

THz technology.


1) 1 survey reports on key technology;

HIRP OPEN 2016

164

2) Research towards consumption laser or THz communication and charging.

The objects are 500Mbps of transmit rateis, more than 30% of power efficiency

and 5w of power level;

3) 1-2 patents and 1 publication submission;

4) 1 prototype of technical identification.





proved;





Phase1 (~2 months): Investigate the reliability and commercial cost of wireless

laser or THz based communication and wireless charging;

Phase2 (~7 months): Research towards consumption wireless laser or THz

technology used to transmit or charging;

Phase3 (~3 months): Research towards autonomous alignment solutions for

wireless laser and THz technology.


HIRP OPEN 2016

165

HIRPO201604: Storage

Technology

HIRPO20160401: Windows SMB Client Behavior

Analysis

1 Theme: Storage Technology

2 Subject: storage protocol

3 Background

SMB NAS storage is essential and very widely used protocol, developed

rapidly in recent years; the latest version has been developed to 3.02. In

addition, Windows Azure public cloud also vigorously promotes the SMB

protocol, within a few years, SMB is still in the stage of constant evolution and

optimization.

SMB protocol itself has related specifications, but this specification is not very

transparent, a lot of compatibility issues occur because we do not know the

windows client behavior. Currently more than 60 SMB compatibility issues

were found at our product, In addition to contrast the rival company and

consult Microsoft, there is no effective way to resolve the compatibility issues,

and Microsoft Consulting cycle is very long, at least a month, and Microsoft

response effect is not ideal, problem-solving rate is less than 10%.

Through this cooperation project, we can quickly learn the client knowledge

and improve the analysis efficiency of compatibility issues, it is very import to

the developing and developed products.

HIRP OPEN 2016

166

In addition, through this cooperation project, we plan to achieve the following

objectives:

Processing time of compatibility issues reduce 30%-50%, compatibility issues

reduce 10%-20%;

Increasing the technical reserves of client knowledge, providing technical

assistance to the development of new features;

4 Scope

In this paper, the Windows client API interface is the windows file system API,

for the common mainstream applications (vdbench, office software, etc.) used.

The Windows client in this paper includes Windows XP, Windows Server 2003,

Windows Server2008 R2, Windows 7, Windows Server 2012, Windows Server

2012 R2.

In this paper, the testing tool development language is preferred C/C++.

1) Windows client API compatibility testing tools, including：

Support graphical interface;

Support API interface concurrent operation, maximum 10000, 1 by

default;

Support API interface and flexible configuration parameters;

Support API interface call cycle;

Support API interface number set;

Support running at Windows XP, windows Server 2003, Windows

Server 2008 R2, Windows 7, windows server 2012, windows server

2012 R2;

2) Windows client API compatibility reports, including:

HIRP OPEN 2016

167

Detailed description and difference analysis of all API interface and

parameter at mainstream windows client(Windows XP and windows

Server2003, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 7, windows

server2012, windows server 2012 R2, the same bellow);

All API call trace analysis form filesystem layer to SMB protocol layer

at mainstream windows client;

SMB package analysis triggered by All API at mainstream windows

client;

Behavior analysis when receiving different error code at mainstream

windows client;

Office software (office2003, office2007, Office2010) API call trace

analysis form filesystem layer to SMB protocol layer;

3) Windows client cache analysis report, including：

The principle of windows client cache and the relationship with SMB

oplock/lease;

Cache size, failure time and cache configuration analysis at

mainstream Windows client;

Difference analysis of mainstream windows client behavior when open

or close client cache;

4) Windows client performance testing tools, including:

Support basic performance statistics to all Windows client API,

statistical values including the maximum delay, minimum delay,

average delay , number of errors, request number for each API;

Support API interface concurrency with maximum 10000, default value

is 1;

HIRP OPEN 2016

168

5) Windows client performance test report, including:

The mainstream windows client API performance test value in the

same set of SMB server, test scenarios is 2 windows client with 2000

concurrent API;

Difference analysis of API performance of different clients.


Technical reports of energy efficiency model and analysis for Massive MIMO;

The Windows client API compatibility test tool;

The Windows client API compatibility report;

The Windows client cache Analysis report;

The Windows client performance testing tools;

The Windows client performance test report.


Phase1 (~3 months): deliver Windows client cache Analysis Report

Phase2 (~4 months): deliver Windows client API compatibility testing tools and

windows client performance testing tools

Phase3 (~4 months): deliver Windows client API compatibility report and

windows client performance test report


HIRP OPEN 2016

169

HIRPO20160403: Low Latency and Distributed

Network Communication Component Research based

on RoCE


2 Subject: non volatile memory

3 Background

In recent years, non-volatile memory (such as RRAM, PCM, MRAM,

STTRAM,etc) technologies have made great progress, their high persistence,

high performance, low latency, high density and low power consumption bring

us more hope for enhancing the storage system capabilities.

The commercial progress of NVM is much faster, some product will be

released in 2018, the persistent capability of NVM is much better than DRAM,

the performance and latency of NVM is much better than Flash(1000x better),

NVM is very strong in performance, persistent and capacity, NVM will be

widely used in future distributed system.

In future distributed system, we will face some great challenges in using NVM

features sufficiently:

1). NVM’s write/read latency is decreasing ceaselessly, lower than 1

microsecond, the existing network communication technology latency is higher,

that will impact NVM capability in distributed system, so we need more

high-speed network communication technology to support using NVM in

distributed system.

HIRP OPEN 2016

170

2). NVM can guarantee data persistent, different with DRAM, but there are

great challenges to guarantee data safe and reliable in each node NVM during

data transmission (when transport data through network, the data may reside

in CPU L2,L3 Cache, data doesn’t arrive NVM immediately, when nodes break

down, the data may lose),we need to guarantee data safe and reliable when

written to NVM through network and keep data consistency when host node

breaks down.

4 Scope

Build network communication component for NVM based on RoCE, supply

control and data plane API, guarantee low latency, high performance, high

scalability and high data reliability.

1. Provide APIs for application(such as distributed cache)

Provide connection management API(such as create connection, cancel

connection, etc.), when connection errors, that can be solved normally without

impacting application;

Provide register API for NVM address space, when connection errors,

ensure there is no influence for application to use these NVM address;

Provide write/read API base on RDMA，these APIs can transport data

among NVMs in each node directly, and guarantee data arrives NVM safely

and reliably(support single IO data consistency and multi IOs data

consistency);

Provide Send/Receive msg API based on RDMA, so the network

communication component will be with ability to send and receive messages;

2. Support high scalability, low latency, high performance and

guarantee data high reliability, when system break down, guarantee data

HIRP OPEN 2016

171

transported through network communication component consistency

Support high scalability(1K nodes, through test and theoretical derivation

to verify it);

In 4KB IO scenario, single concurrent IO latency <= 4us; 32 concurrent

80W IOPS 99% IO latency < 40us, use 4 CPU cores, total consumption lower

40%;

guarantee data arrives NVM safely and reliably and guarantee data

transported through network communication component consistency, when

system break down;

The green area is the scope of this study, Network transport level provides

interface for application (distributed cache). In order to guarantee performance

and reliability, you can modify the driver and hardware to form a combination of

software and hardware solutions.


1) Design document and Prototype code

HIRP OPEN 2016

172

Provide a design document to describe detail design and describe

how and why this design can solve above issues;

Provide Prototype code with clear instructions, prototype code can

work smoothly;

2) Test and analysis Report

Test Code with clear instructions;

Technical report to prove the result;

3) Patents idea

At least 2 patents.

6 Acceptance Criteria& Method

All deliverables must be reviewed by Huawei and presented to Huawei directly;

Service Deliverables will be document deliverables (e.g. word, Excel,

PowerPoint, etc.);

Guidance documents and report must be detailed enough and can guide

Huawei engineers verifying on soft platform;

The performance of New NVM Programming Model should meet the

requirements.


Phase1 (~3 months): Provide a design document to describe detail design and

describe how and why this design can solve above issues;

Phase2 (~4 months): Provide Prototype code with clear instructions, prototype

code can work smoothly;

Phase3 (~5 months): Test Code with clear instructions; Technical report to

prove the result.


HIRP OPEN 2016

173

HIRPO20160404: Double the Energy Density of the

Lithium Ion Battery


2 Subject: battery energy storage technology

3 Background

Lithium ion batteries are widely used as power sources and energy storage

devices in our daily life. Despite the great success of lithium ion batteries up to

now, higher demand has been raised with the emergence of new-generation

electronic products, such as ultrathin and ultra-light devices. Innovation in

battery technology is thus highly desired to fulfill the ever increasing demand of

higher power/energy density, better rate capability.

4 Scope

High energy density batteries are urgently needed for the consumer electronic

applications. The value of energy density of commercial lithium ion batteries

with 650Wh/L can’t meet the customer’s expectation. The traditional electrode

material and design nearly reach its theory limitation. High capacity

cathode/anode electrode materials and battery system need be investigated.


Prototype batteries with energy density of 1300Wh/L (with 200cycles) are

provided.

HIRP OPEN 2016

174


Energy density of 1300Wh/L (with 200cycles) is achieved.


Expected project Duration (year): 2 years;

Phase1 (~12 months): Energy density 1000Wh/L with 200cycles;

Phase2 (~12 months): Energy density 1300Wh/L with 200cycles


HIRP OPEN 2016

175

HIRPO20160405: Unify Interface Reduced ECC

Scheme for Hybrid Memory


2 Subject: reliability-error detecting and correcting

3 Background

Tradition CPU side memory Controller read and write DRAM media in directly,

because DRAM media bit error rate is high, so the reliability requirement is

high.

NVM access difference: Module is responsible for the NVM storage and

transmission error, the MC just need to detect DDR bus error, thus Reduced

ECC requirements are put forward.

Figure1 the difference ECC requirement between DRAM and NVM

DRAMChip

DDR BUSTransmit

error only

NVM dataStorage

error

ECCFor Both

Bus&Storage

MC

X3DModule

Controller

NVM BUSTransmit

error

DDR BUSTransmit

error only

ECCFor

right

ECCFor DDR

BUS Trans

MC

NVM dataStorage

error

ReducedECC

HIRP OPEN 2016

176

4 Scope

Main application scenarios: Hybrid channel in NVDIMM and standard DRAM

DIMM, NVM some information needs to occupy the original ECC transmission,

such as DRAM as a Cache for NVDIMM, the Cache Tag is in DRAM ECC

space. the traditional 64 byte of DATA provided by the additional 8 bytes of

DATA at the SEC/DED (single bit error correction, double bit) ability of ECC

into 68 byte DATA (64 byte DATA + 4 byte TAG) provided by ECC 4 bytes of

additional DATA protection, and must at least do the at least do the detection

error function and retransmission the data.

Commercial value: benefit NVDIMM and standard DRAM DIMM mixed

interpolation, DRAM as a Cache for NVDIMM scenario for system

performance.

5 Main challenges:

1). The proportion of the ECC data protection turn <64 bytes: 8 bytes> into a

<68 bytes: 4 bytes>, or <64 bytes: 4 Byte> at least, and must at least do the

detection function and retransmission the data;

2). The ECC algorithm can't too slow, shall meet the DDR4 requirement in

nanosecond level;

3). Little expenses of hardware implementation as far as possible.


1). The reduced ECC scheme design report which include: coding and

decoding scheme, error-detecting capacity Evaluation, Error detection circuit

design;

HIRP OPEN 2016

177

2). Reduced ECC：The reduced ECC experiment and simulation report,

simulate the improvement degree RBER circuit delay.


Phase1 (~2 months): The reduced ECC scheme design report which include:

coding and decoding scheme, error-detecting capacity Evaluation;

Phase2 (~4 months): Error detection circuit design;

Phase3 (~6 months): The reduced ECC experiment and simulation report,

simulate the improvement degree RBER circuit delay.


HIRP OPEN 2016

178

HIRPO20160406: Cross Layer Co-design for Flash

Memory based Storage Systems


2 Subject: flash memory


eMMC: Embedded Multi Media Card

UFS: Universal Flash Storage

PCIe: Peripheral Component Interconnect Express

3 Background

Flash memory has been developed for several decades. In order to provide

unified storage interface to applications, flash memory also use the block

interface. In this case, flash memory acts like a block device. This scheme has

boost the fast deployment of flash memory in the early days. For example,

most of the flash device interfaces, such as eMMC, UFS and PCIe, embedded

controllers to manage the flash storage. However, due to complex

characteristics of flash memory, its controller design becomes complicated.

For example, several modules need to be implemented in controller, including

address mapping, garbage collection, wear leveling, error correction, bad

block management, buffer management, parallelism exploration and so on.

The complicated design of flash controller introduces several issues, including

high controller design cost, un-matching design between flash storage and

host systems, which still remain challenging for further deployment of flash

memory especially coming to the advanced flash memory with limited

HIRP OPEN 2016

179

performance and lifetime. What’s worse, several designs at the host even may

conflict with the designs in the flash controller, because flash controller always

acts like a block box to host designers. Clearly, simply providing the block

interface to host system is not the best way for designing flash storage

systems.

One good chance for flash memory based storage systems is to do cross layer

co-design to match the requirements between host systems and flash

controllers, and release burden on the controller design. With this in mind, the

cost on the controller design can be reduced and the host system can well

match with the storage system design. For this purpose, the cross layer

co-design should be able to reduce cost and simplify controller design, besides

achieving good performance. However, how to identify the un-matching of host

systems and flash controller and how to design for matching is still not clear.

What’s more, how to release the burden of the flash controller design is also

unclear. The objective of this proposal is to identify the mismatch between

flash controllers and host system design for flash memory, determine what

kind of functions should be crossly co-designed, and then provide an efficient

flash controller design.

4 Scope

The scope of this project includes but not limited to:

Understanding the mismatch in the design of flash memory controller and

host system;

Co-design framework of flash memory controller and host systems;

Optimization on flash memory controller.

HIRP OPEN 2016

180


One paper and one patent;

A report describing the detailed design and implementation of the

proposed method.


Pass:

1 paper is accepted at the top international conference in related area

such as FAST, DAC, DATE, ISCA, and HPCA;

1 patent passes Huawei’s review;

Fail: Cannot deliver a patent or a paper;

Excellent:

One or more patents are delivered, AND

One or more paper is accepted.


Phase 1 (~6 months): Deliver a patent;

Phase 2 (~6 months): Deliver a paper.


HIRP OPEN 2016

181

HIRPO20160407: Design of an Error Aware Framework

for Flash Memory based Storage Systems


2 Subject: flash memory


NAND: Negative-AND

3D: Three Dimension

3 Background

NAND flash memory has been widely used in smartphone, embedded systems,

personal computer, and data centers. During the last decades, the

development of flash memory relies on two approaches: technology scaling

and bit density improvement, which may be no longer applicable now. Instead,

recent 3D-based technology extends the development of flash. However, even

though 3D NAND flash memory is able to relax the reliability issue, its

performance and lifetime are still pending to be improved. Considering

reliability, performance, and lifetime, all these issues are related to errors in

flash memory. In order to solve them, traditional schemes use strong error

correcting mechanisms, such as BCH, LDPC and so on. However, these

schemes are not only costly, but also induce bad performance. For example,

high error correcting capability of BCH requires a large code word and longer

decoding latency. LDPC decoding latency is also bad at the high error rates.

Therefore, optimizing error correction mechanism for 3D NAND flash memory

is necessary.

HIRP OPEN 2016

182

One good chance for the state-of-the-art flash memory such as 3D NAND flash

to handle errors is to design error-aware mechanisms, which minimize these

errors based on the their characteristics. The main challenge is to understand

the specific characteristics of error sources of flash memory, and then design

solutions for each type of errors. Hence, the objective of this proposal is to

understand the error characteristics of flash memory, and to provide a set of

approaches to avoid the errors or boost the performance and lifetime of 3D

NAND flash.

4 Scope

The scope of this project includes but not limited to:

Understanding the error characteristics of 3D NAND flash memory;

Error correction framework for 3D NAND flash memory;

Error reduction mechanism for 3D NAND flash memory;

Optimizations on improving the performance, lifetime and reliability of 3D

NAND flash memory.


One paper and one patent;

A report describing the detailed design and implementation of the

proposed method.


Pass:

1 paper is accepted at the top international conference in related area

such as FAST, DAC, DATE, ISCA, and HPCA;

HIRP OPEN 2016

183

1 patent passes Huawei’s review;

Fail: Cannot deliver a patent or a paper;

Excellent:

One or more patents are delivered, AND

One or more paper is accepted.


Phase 1 (~6 months): Deliver a patent;

Phase 2 (~6 months): Deliver a paper.


HIRP OPEN 2016

184

HIRPO201605: Computing

Technology

HIRPO20160501: CPU Reservation on KVM Platform

1 Theme: Computing Technology

2 Subject: computing virtualization


KVM: Kernel-based Virtual Machine

QoS: Quality of Service

SLA: Service-Level Agreement

CGroup: Control Group

VM: Virtual Machine

3 Background

Under cloud environment, virtual machines of different tenants share physical

CPU resources. To achieve the compute SLA of cloud platform, the underlying

virtualization platform needs to have complete CPU QoS capabilities, which

include limit, reservation and quota.

The CPU QoS ensures optimal allocation of computing resources for VMs and

prevents resource contention between VMs due to different service

requirements. It effectively increases resource utilization and reduces costs.

HIRP OPEN 2016

185

Although CPU limit and quota have already been supported on KVM platform,

CPU reservation is not supported yet. As a result, KVM platform cannot

provide complete CPU QoS support currently.

4 Scope

Problem to be resolved: provide VM level CPU reservation support on KVM

platform.

Virtual machine level CPU reservation defines the minimum CPU resources to

be allocated to each VM when multiple VMs compete for physical CPU

resources, and the reservation is equally distributed among all the VCPUs of

VM. The unit of CPU reservation is MHZ.

The main scope of this project includes the following two aspects:

Support process level CPU reservation capability:

1) Provides measurable computing resources, so that the process

can obtain guaranteed physical CPU resource, and the accuracy

of which reaches MHZ;

2) Proposal is accepted by Kernel community.

Combined with libvirt and kvm, provide VM level CPU reservation.

CPU reservation can work with current CPU quota and CPU limit which are

based on CGroup to provide complete CPU QoS for virtual machines:

1) If the computing capability calculated based on the CPU quota of a

VM/process is greater than the CPU reservation value, the system

allocates the capability to the VM/process according to the CPU

quota;

HIRP OPEN 2016

186

2) If the computing capability calculated based on the CPU quota of a

VM/process is less than the CPU reservation value, the system

allocates the computing capability to the VM/process according to

the CPU reservation value. The offset between the computing

capability calculated based on the CPU quota and the CPU

reservation value is deducted from computing capability of other

VMs/processes based on their CPU quotas and is added to the

VM/process;

3) The CPU reservation value cannot be greater than CPU limit

value.

For example, three VMs (A, B, and C) run on the host that uses a single-core,

2.8 GHz physical CPU, their quotas are set to 1000, 2000, and 4000,

respectively, and their CPU reservation values are set to 700 MHz, 0 MHz, and

0 MHz, respectively. When the CPU workloads of the three VMs are heavy:

1) According to the VM A CPU quota, VM A should have obtained a

computing capability of 400 MHz. However, its CPU reservation value

is greater than 400 MHz. Therefore, VM A obtains a computing

capability of 700 MHz according to its CPU reservation value;

2) The system deducts the offset (700 MHz minus 400 MHz) from VMs B

and C based on their CPU quota;

3) VM B obtains a computing capability of 700 (800 minus 100) MHz, and

VM C obtains a computing capability of 1400 (1600 minus 200) MHz.

The CPU reservation takes effect only when resource contention occurs

among VMs. If the CPU resources are sufficient, a VM can exclusively use

physical CPU resources on the host if required. For example, if VMs B and C

are idle, VM A can obtain all of the 2.8 GHz computing capability.

HIRP OPEN 2016

187


We expect the outcome and deliverables as following:

Prototype implementation of the VM level CPU reservation support on

KVM platform;

Related design documents, validation and test reports for the prototype.


Process level CPU reservation capability:

Proposal needs to be discussed in kernel community and

accepted by community;

After setting CPU reservation policy, the compute resource

allocated to the process has the precision of MHZ and less than

5% error with the theoretical value;

CPU reservation can work with current CPU quota and CPU limit

which are based on CGroup, and the relationship among them

meets the explanation in scope section above.

Virtual machine level CPU reservation capability:

During creation of VMs, the CPU reservation for the VM can be

specified in libvirt configuration file;

After the VMs are created, except for VMs whose status are

migrating or crash, the CPU reservation value can be

dynamically adjusted and should be persistent, which means that

VMs keep the same reservation value after shutdown, rebooting,

hibernation, woken up, and migration;

CPU reservation can work with current CPU quota and CPU limit

HIRP OPEN 2016

188

which are based on CGroup, and the relationship among them

meets the explanation in scope section above;

After setting CPU reservation policy, the compute resource

allocated to the VM has the precision of MHZ and less than 5%

error with the theoretical value;

Provide query and adjust interfaces for CPU reservation value of

VM.


Project

Phase Duration Content Objective Output

Phase 1 ~2months

Design and

review of

proposal

Proposal is accepted

by community and

approved by Huawei.

Design

documents of

proposal

Phase 2 ~6months

Process level

and VM level

CPU

reservation

support

Prototype

implementation of the

virtual machine level

CPU reservation

support on KVM

platform

The prototype

implementation;

The related test

and validation

reports.


HIRP OPEN 2016

189

HIRPO20160502: The Acceleration of Networking in

Cloud Computing


2 Subject: network accelerating for cloud computing


OVS：Open Virtual Switch

VXLAN：Virtual eXtensible LAN

3 Background

The cloud computing is one of the most popular technology in industry, and the

networking technique in cloud computing is more attractive than the other

technologies in it, i.e. storage and computing. New features, such as VXLAN,

nVGRE, Geneve etc, are emerging out, the positions to deploy them, on the

host or hardware switch device, are still under argument, and seems not to

come to a decision in the near future. Open vswitch, with the features become

more and more rich, the performance does not keep pace with the

improvement of the bandwidth of network interface, many chip providers in

industry, such as Mellanox, Broadcom, Altera, are engaged in the acceleration

of open vswitch with their silicon, now Huawei is getting involved in it.

The networking functionality in cloud computing is composed of many aspects,

e.g. forwarding decision, tenant isolation, statistics, scheduling, metering,

management, security and so on, each of them has some specific

technologies to support it. Diversities of chip providers have announced their

ways to accelerate the performance of networking in cloud computing, and not

HIRP OPEN 2016

190

all of them use the same mechanism, neither the software layer nor the silicon

itself. We also attempt to make our contributions in this area, based on the

OVS framework, and feed back to the open source community.

Nowadays, almost all of the cloud computing providers have replaced their

network interface in server with 10Gbps cards, and the step of the evolution of

network interface never stops, 25GE, 40GE and ever higher speed, will take

over the new-built data center of cloud computing in the coming years.

On the other hand, X86 cpu, one of the most important element in server, has

stepped down the pace of evolution in performance, comparing with the rapid

growth of network interface in bandwidth. Furthermore, the new features in

cloud computing network are in blossom, especially with the help of open flow.

It is difficult to provide the high performance in networking, on the premise of

providing enough flexibility to support the emerging new features.

Server cpu along with the help of specific acceleration silicon is widely used to

improve the performance of network, several chip manufacturers, such as

Mellanox, Broadcom, have launched their silicones. Intel will also launch a new

chip in late 2016, which envelops Xeon CPU and FPGA(Altera) in the same

silicon, to meet the special requirement in data centers of cloud computing.

As a comprehensive provider in cloud computing solution, Huawei is also

engaged in the acceleration of network performance in cloud computing, with

the help of a self-developed silicon, which is programmable and suitable for

the quick evolution in cloud computing area.

4 Scope


The performance of the virtual network in compute node is not suitable for the

evolution of the network interface, the project is aimed to accelerate the

HIRP OPEN 2016

191

performance, with the combinations of open virtual switch version 2.5 and the

dedicated silicon of Huawei.

The following is the scope of the project:

Reconstruct the data path of OVS version 2.5, distinguish between the

stateless and stateful features;

Accelerate the stateless features by Huawei silicon, with the cooperation of

software in host;

Considering that the connection track feature is implemented in the form of

flow table in OVS 2.5, the established flow is traditionally regarded as

stateful, while it should be reinjected to the silicon for higher performance.

The state of establish is ignored during the looking up process of flow table,

once the entry is matched, the state of this flow is considered as

established, otherwise it will be sent to the host;

Vxlan and normal layer 2 forwarding are provided by the silicon;

Provide the stateful features in host;

The other tcp states, except establish, are processed in the host;

The related state is processed in the host;

The invalid state is processed in the host;

The other stateful features, such as ftp, h.323, sip, are also provided in the

host;

Provide the communication mechanism between VM and silicon in host in

SR-IOV mode.

Since the silicon is working in SR-IOV mode, the ingress packet should be

sent to the specific VM in general, in our project it is sent to the host for the

stateful process, then the packet is sent to the VM directly by the host. For

HIRP OPEN 2016

192

this reason, the host should take over the process of the packet after the

silicon in the ingress pipe and send the packet to a specific VM. For the

egress pipe, the VF driver sends the packet to the host, then the host

sends it to the silicon after stateful process.

All the processes in the host are expected to be provided by our

cooperation partner.


The software codes in host, based the OVS 2.5, providing the acceleration of

data path;

The prototype of acceleration, with the cooperation of software in host, silicon

and the firmware of it (the driver and firmware of the silicon will be provided by

Huawei);

The analysis report of the network acceleration technology in cloud computing

of Amazon, Microsoft and Google;

Patent idea being reviewed and approved, delivering the disclosure of

invention.


For the delivered codes, the Di of each one thousand code should less

than 3.

For the delivered acceleration prototype, the end-to-end throughput

performance in different scenarios should achieve the following goals:

When the flow tables matched directly in the silicon, the total

throughput between VMs should be not less than 40Gbps, with the

packet length is equal to 1500 bytes;

HIRP OPEN 2016

193

When the flow tables mismatched in the silicon, the total throughput

between VMs should be not less than 20Gbps, with the packet length

is equal to 1500 bytes;

Notes: the server uses Intel® Xeon® E5-2600 v3 CPU, with not less

than 32GB 2400MT/s RDIMMs.

For the delivered patent, finish the disclosure of invention.


Phase1 (~2 months): Alignment of the requirements, delivery and the

verification standards with the cooperation group, come to explicit conclusion

with a MOU; alignment of design scheme and the APIs between software and

hardware, with a record of designing draft;

Phase2 (~4 months): Low level design of cooperation of software and

hardware, delivering the design document of software-hardware cooperation in

detail; based on the OVS version 2.5, perform software coding for data path

acceleration, delivering the software codes conform to the verification

standard.

Phase3 (~2 months): Testing and optimizing the acceleration prototype,

delivering the final designing documents and codes as well as the testing

report.


HIRP OPEN 2016

194

HIRPO20160503: Research on Dynamic OS Image

Editing Based on Actual Hardware Combinations


2 Subject: editing an OS image


OS : operation system

3 Background

Operating system (OS) image supports system hardware running, drives and

manages system hardware, supports CPUs, memory, storage, and network

devices, and transfers different hardware devices to common devices to

facilitate upper-layer software access.

An OS image is pre-installed with hardware drivers and device management

programs. During OS installation, you need to search and upload the hardware

driver and device management program matching with the board on which the

OS is installed. Otherwise, the OS installation may fail or the hardware may not

be able to use.

To ensure that new board hardware is compatible with the current OS and

running properly, you can upgrade the OS or edit the OS image online.

HIRP OPEN 2016

195

OS Image A

CPU/Memory

resources

Storage resources

NIC resources

File system

Device driver

File system

Device

management

app

Hardware

board A

Other device

resources

OS Image Normal

12

File system

Device driver

File system

Device

management

app

Device driver/

Management app

library

1. OS Image Normal allows you to identify new hardware. If not, you need

to search new hardware using an external storage device;

2. Edit OS Image Normal based on the new hardware driver package, to

generate OS Image A for a new board;

3. Support of stateless computing and stateless storage on the servers

could reduce or eliminate the time (hours to days) to reinstall the OS

upon failed server replacement or server upgrade;

4. The replacing or upgrading server may have a different NIC using a

different device driver (for example from 10GE to 25GE) from the

replaced one, thus requires automated OS editing without manual

involvements.

4 Scope

Supports OS Image Normal which supports mainstream CPUs and I/O

HIRP OPEN 2016

196

devices;

Supports Windows Server 2012, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.1, and

VMware Oss;

Supports the x86 platform;

Supports OS edit units, including (CPU and memory) kernels, I/O device

drivers (NICs and hard disk controllers), device management programs

(apps and libraries);

Identifies new hardware automatically and helps upgrade drivers and

program packages;

Manages the versions of OSs and device management programs;

Displays the image editing progress and status flag.


OS image editing design document;

OS image editing prototype package;

OS image editing prototype verification report.


1. Basic function standards

OS image editing design document

A. Describes the specific editing flow and basic design concept;

B. Describes the interfaces between the OS image and device program

packages and restrictions;

C. Describes the usage and operation guide;

HIRP OPEN 2016

197

D. Describes matching and searching rules.

OS image editing prototype package

A. Identifies new hardware devices (based on the board UUID and

configuration information), obtains device drivers and application

packages through external storage devices (USB devices), and

updates the OS image;

B. A general OS image is smaller than 100 MB;

C. Displays the image editing progress (accurate to second) on the screen

and records the progress to a memory file;

D. Supports the query of image and device versions and provides the

hardware and software version list, which contains device IDs and

versions and needs to be exported to a file;

E. To install a hardware device, search it in the OS image and local

storage of the board first according to the ID of the hardware device. If

the version of the hardware device in the local storage is later, replace

the hardware device in the OS image with it, and install the hardware

device using the new OS image;

F. Customizes OS images based on the board type, to avoid oversized

OS images. If a board does not contain a new hardware device, the OS

image does not need to be updated;

G. Support stateless computing and stateless storage by allowing the

CPU & NIC could be replaced or upgraded independently from the

storage (including RAID card if apply) & server ID (MAC address,

WWN/WWPN, UUID, system configurations) storage, thus requires OS

image editing automation features.

HIRP OPEN 2016

198

2. Non-functional attribute standards

Performance specifications

The editing performance of the new OS image cannot be higher than 30% of

the actual hardware access performance. The new OS image can be directly

used to install new hardware.

Security requirements

An OS image supports digital signature verification, ensures the validity,

integrity, and security of the dynamic modules imported by using an external

storage device, and prevents unauthorized program packages from being

updated.


Phase1 (~6 months): Align the design scheme with the design ideas of core

technologies, and provide the primary design of core technologies;

Phase2 (~6 months): Develop the OS image editing function, and provide the

related codes, test results and User guide.


HIRP OPEN 2016

199

HIRPO20160504: PCB Cross-Sectional Physical

Parameter Extraction


2 Subject: image processing


GUI: Graphical user interface

PCB: Printed circuit board

3 Background

1) As the speed of products growing faster, neighbor layers registration

becoming critical because of crosstalk. But there is no such method that could

measure registration between neighbor layers effectively and accurately;

2) In analyzing SI coupons and all our evaluation samples, we need to make

cross-sections for DUT, but the lack of microscope resources and inefficient

parameters measurement on the microscopes are quite time consuming.

4 Scope

The problem need to be solved is to develop a fast image distinguishing

system, with some extent of intelligence, the system can measure distances

automatically by discriminating profiles of images.

So we can apply the system on monitoring neighborhood layers’ registration

and measuring necessary parameters of cross-section samples.

HIRP OPEN 2016

200


Independent software with GUI, featured with image importing, image profile

distinguishing, automatic measuring and outputting physical parameters.

Given pictures with formats of JPG/JPEG/BMP/PNG and measurement

requirement, the software should output the correct information by measuring

pixels or other data.


Phase 1 (~1 month): Volunteer’s registration, choosing potential cooperators;

Investigating the technology capability of each volunteer; Colleges should

make project plans and deliver technical scheme designs;

Phase 2 (~1 month): Sourcing and internally discussing technical schemes,

originally select 2-3 possible techniques for further interactions;

Phase 3 (~1 month): Internally discussing technical schemes for feasibility,

originally select 2-3 possible techniques for further interactions;

Phase 4 (~1 month): Exchanging with colleges by technical scheme details, if

no necessary modification should be made, the colleges should work on their

software until it is completed;

Phase 5 (~4 months): Developing and researching software, during the

development, colleges should make kinds of evaluation motivations to assure

the software to match Huawei requirement;

Keeping sending mails and also organizing call conferences for solving

problems during the development are also necessary;

HIRP OPEN 2016

201

Phase 6 (~ 2 months): Software delivering and evaluating following trial plan.

Any problems or bugs found out should be modified and debug by colleges

until problems be settled;

Phase 7 (~2 months): Release final version of software.


HIRP OPEN 2016

202

HIRPO20160505: Key Technical Challenges of

Quantum Computation


2 Subject: quantum computation

3 Background

Quantum computing differs from traditional computing in that quantum

mechanical effects are exploited to perform the computation, with significant

potential speedup. It has already been shown that difficult problems such as

factorization of numbers can be efficiently solved using a quantum computer.

Furthermore, other tasks such as database searching and simulation of

physical systems can be efficiently carried out using quantum computers. The

potential value of quantum computers is immense. Indeed,

commercialization has begun, with D-Wave producing quantum computers

(what they claim to be) for over 10 years. This project will be dedicated to

acquiring knowledge and opinions on the state-of-the-art of quantum

computing.

4 Scope

The project involves analyzing and integrating information about quantum

computing in areas including, but not limited to, the following: hardware

implementation, computing architecture, problem solving ability, algorithms,

error correction code, fault-tolerant computing, quantum memory, commercial

opportunities, current situation, and future trend.

HIRP OPEN 2016

203


1) Tutorial courses on the fundamentals & key technologies of quantum

computation;

2) Survey Reports with research recommendations for Huawei on topics stated

above;

3) 1 top ranked conference paper on topic related to quantum computation.


Tutorial courses/Survey reports/Conference paper to be reviewed and

accepted by assigned acceptance team.


Some activities are expected to be carried out concurrently.

Phase1 (~4 months): Tutorial courses;

Phase2 (~6 months): Survey reports;

Phase3 (~2months): Paper writing.


HIRP OPEN 2016

204

HIRPO20160506: Using Advanced Language FPGA

Over to Carry Out Large-Scale Architecture Simulation


2 Subject: architecture simulation


RTL: Register Transfer Level

3 Background

The scale of processor architecture design is getting bigger and bigger, and

the large-scale architecture design and development mainly using RTL

language, with a low level of abstraction and a slow development speed, a

long development duration. If we can carry out the architecture design and

simulation based on the high-level language, and verify on the FPGA platform,

it will greatly improve the efficiency of the development and shorten the

duration of development.

The industry using high-level language for the large-scale architecture design

and development research is developing very fast, we wish to study this

technique to meet the demand of rapid development of the processor

architecture modeling and Simulation.

4 Scope

Research on using advanced language to carry out large-scale

architecture simulation: Usually people use RTL to carry out large-scale

HIRP OPEN 2016

205

architecture design and development, the speed is very slow, and with a Low

level of abstraction and a long duration.


1) A simulate tool for large-scale architecture simulation and development with

advanced language;

2) 1~2 related paper published in EI/SCI or the relevant international top-level

Conference;

3) 1~2 Invention/patents.


Phase1 (~6 months): Submit a distributed performance monitoring and

analysis tool based on ARM platform, with the main functions of VTune,

ZABBIX, nmon, perf, JProfiler. Provide the related technical report;

Phase2 (~6 months): Published 1 or 2 related paper in EI/SCI or the relevant

international top-level Conference. At least one related invention patent idea

and technical clarification.


HIRP OPEN 2016

206

HIRPO20160507: Many Core Processor Oriented RTL

Language Simulator


2 Subject: architecture simulation


RTL: Register Transfer Level

3 Background

With fast growth of transistor density and core number, the scale of modern

processor has turn to be larger and larger, the architecture design based on

RTL code is much more complex than before. Since state of art EDA tools are

designed to work on general X86 servers, which has limited parallelism and

only utilize limited cores, consequently takes unacceptable long time for

design simulation. With emerging many core processors such as Tilera, Many

core ARMv8 processor, Xeon Phi, if RTL simulator improves parallelism and

fully utilizes processor cores, simulation time can be dramatically reduced.

4 Scope

1) Research on many core processor oriented RTL simulator: based on

off-the-shelf many core processors, develop RTL simulator which is able to

support standard Verilog/VHDL language, correctly simulate open source

processor RTL design, and achieve higher simulation speed than on

mainstream X86 server platform;

HIRP OPEN 2016

207


Many core based RTL simulator that support at least one off-the-shelf

processor which has at least 32 cores; support simulation of ARMv8 processor

design or open source RISC processor design, support benchmark

applications such as Dhrystone/LMBench working on the simulated processor

over simulator.

Technical reports of many core based RTL simulator; executable simulator and

its source code.


Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the art of RTL simulator, survey and

evaluate appropriate off-the-shelf many core processor;

Phase2 (~5 months): Research on parallel RTL simulator which is able to fully

utilize the computing capability of many core processor, design and develop

the simulator;

Phase3 (~4 months): Evaluate modern processor design, simulate the design

using many core processor and the simulator, port Dhrystone or LMBench or

similar benchmark application on this environment to verify the simulator.


HIRP OPEN 2016

208

HIRPO20160508: Binary Executable File based

Application Modeling Methodology


2 Subject: application modeling

3 Background

Cloud computing and Bigdata applications are emerging rapidly, requiring

higher and higher performance provided by hardware components, especially

by processors. As a result, application modeling methodology has turn to be a

key technology to instruct application oriented and optimal hardware design

since early stage.

4 Scope

1) Research on application model of cloud computing: based on cloud

computing middleware and applications, abstract and develop at least one

application lean model which represents same feature as original application,

and contains order of magnitude less instructions to reduce executing time;

2) Research on application modeling methodology: abstract generalized

modeling flow and methodology which is applicable for mainstream cloud

computing and Bigdata applications, the lean model will represents same

feature as original application and contains order of magnitude less

instructions to reduce executing time.

HIRP OPEN 2016

209


At least one cloud computing/Bigdata application and its corresponding model,

containing less than 1,000,000,000 instructions or execution time is shorter

than 2 seconds on mainstream x86 server, while accuracy is greater than or

equal to 90%;

Technical reports of application modeling methodology.


Phase1 (~2 months): Survey the state of the art of application lean modeling,

analyze and choose appropriate cloud computing/Bigdata application;

Phase2 (~5 months): Research on specific cloud computing/Bigdata

application performance test and modeling, tuning the model accuracy to

better than 90%;

Phase3 (~5 months): Research on general flow and methodology of

application modeling, verify the methodology by various applications, and write

corresponding technical reports.


HIRP OPEN 2016

210

HIRPO20160509: Distributed Performance Monitoring,

Analysis and Optimization Tool for ARM Platform


2 Subject: performance tuning

3 Background

The current cloud computing and big data applications developed rapidly, the

performance requirements about processor and other hardware equipment

continue to improve. For the subsequent performance optimization, it is

necessary to monitor the performance and analysis when these equipments

are at work. Mature performance monitoring and analysis optimization tools

have become essential to large-scale cloud computing scenarios.

4 Scope

1) Research on ARM platform performance monitoring and analysis tools:

Relatively the X86 platform performance monitoring and analysis tools are

perfect, the arm platform tools are poor and cannot meet the requirements of

performance tuning for cloud application. Therefore, it is urgent to build a

distributed performance monitoring and performance analysis and optimization

tools based on ARM platform;

2) Research on a overall tool for distributed application: The tool is

equivalent to a distributed version of VTune, similar to ZABBIX, nmon plus perf,

JProfiler performance analysis system. It will be used to support Huawei in the

performance tuning of public cloud applications.

HIRP OPEN 2016

211


1) A distributed performance monitoring and analysis tool based on ARM

platform;

2) 1~2 related paper published in EI/SCI or the relevant international top-level

Conference;

3) 1~2 Invention/patents.


Phase1 (~6 months): Submit a distributed performance monitoring and

analysis tool based on ARM platform, with the main functions of VTune,

ZABBIX, nmon, perf, JProfiler. Provide the related technical report;

Phase2 (~6 months): Published 1 or 2 related paper in EI/SCI or the relevant

international top-level Conference. At least one related invention patent idea

and technical clarification.


HIRP OPEN 2016

212

HIRPO20160510: The Visual Tool for Software

Architecture Emulation and Evolution based on the

Reverse Engineering


2 Subject: software design tools

3 Background

The current reverse engineering tools can extract the relationships between

the packages, files, methods, etc. from the source codes, but it’s not the good

way for software developers to understand or optimize the software

architecture.

4 Scope

The software architecture documents always be outdated, but the normal view

extracts from the source codes should be transferred to the logical view with

the mapping of packages/files to logical entities. The mapping is a tedious

work for the software architect, and it should be maintained through the

software lifecycle.


Provide the visual tool for software architecture emulation and evolution based

on the reverse engineering.

HIRP OPEN 2016

213


Just click and drag the entity in the visual tool, we can mapping the

packages/files/methods to the logical entities and gain the software logical

view. Input the software configuration management data, like SVN log file, the

visual tool can present the evolution of the software architecture. If the

architect wants to optimize the architecture, he can click and drag the entities

to get a new logical view, and the tool can output the corresponding

modifications for the packages/files/methods.


Phase1 (~4 months): research on the technical trend for the visual tools and

implement a tool prototype;

Phase2 (~8 months): Implement the tool and write the user manual.


HIRP OPEN 2016

214

HIRPO201606: Big Data &

Artificial Intelligence

HIRPO20160601: Large Scale Heterogeneous Data

Processing

1 Theme: Big Data & Artificial Intelligence

2 Subject: resource scheduling

3 Background

Big data analytics have become a necessity to the business worldwide.

Modern data centers host huge volumes of data, stored over large number of

nodes with multiple storage devices and process them using thousands of

cores. Cloud computing has been revolutionizing the IT industry by adding

flexibility to the way IT is consumed, enabling organizations to pay only for the

resources and services they use. In an effort to reduce IT capital and

operational expenditures, organizations of all sizes are using Clouds to provide

the resources required to run their applications. Organizations are using cloud

platforms to run scalable analyses on their data, gaining insight into the health

of their systems and the activities of their customers.

To improve performance and cost-effectiveness of a data analytics cluster in

the cloud, the data analytics system should account for heterogeneity of the

environment and workloads. Data analytics workloads have heterogeneous

resource demands because some workloads may be CPU intensive whereas

others are I/O-intensive. Some of them might be able to use special hardware

like GPUs to achieve dramatic performance gains.

HIRP OPEN 2016

215

It is also likely that the computing environment is heterogeneous. The cloud

consists of generations of servers with different capacities and performance;

therefore, various configurations of machines will be available. For example,

some machines are more suitable to store large data whereas others run

faster computations.

The key question is how to schedule jobs on machines so that each receives

its “fair” share of resources to make progress while providing good

performance.

4 Scope

Possible research topics include:

Resource modeling, including:

o Support for describing the resource information for resource in

the heterogeneous environment;

o Support for describing the need for resource request in the

heterogeneous environment;

o Support the mapping between resource and resource request;

o Support the data locality information description;

o Support the environment topology information description.

Resource information collection

o Support for plug-n-play resource to be added in heterogeneous

environment, e.g. a new resource type could be automatically

recognized during resource information collection;

o Automatic collect resource information in a heterogeneous

environment;

HIRP OPEN 2016

216

o Automatic schema construction;

o Support large scale (10K nodes).

Basic resource scheduling

o Support the cost properties association with resource;

o Support the performance/capability properties association with

resource;

o Support Cost Based Optimizer model for resource scheduling;

o Support fair based model for resource scheduling.

Intelligent resource scheduling

o Workload resource consumption and runtime predication in

heterogeneous environment, for instance, running workload in

bare metal vs VM, ARM vs x86, private cloud vs public cloud, or

with different size of allocation, performance and etc.;

o SLA expression to translate to workload resource and runtime

demand, uses business objective rather than static resource

requirement to express goal;

o Intelligent scheduling to choose the best allocation by balancing

multiple objectives, SLA (time, performance), cost etc in

heterogeneous environment.


Demo system of a resource management/scheduling system for

heterogeneous environment;

Simulation tool for performance evaluation;

HIRP OPEN 2016

217

One or more patents.


The demo system should support complex resource type in a heterogeneous

environment and provide way to add new resource type in the system without

code changes;

The system design must support 10K nodes scale and could be proved via

simulation;

One or more patent ideas accepted by Huawei.



Project Phase

Duration Content Objective Output

Phase 1 ~6 months

Technical analytics and Solution design and

Finish solution design.

Solution design documents.

Phase 2 ~6months Demo system implement

The enterprise Hadoop cluster can use public cloud computing resources smoothly.

Prototype demo


HIRP OPEN 2016

218

HIRPO20160602: Research on Techniques for

Financial Anti-Fraud System


2 Subject: financial fraud detection technology

3 Background

Financial fraud is a broad term with various potential meanings, but for our

purposes it can be defined as the intentional use of illegal methods or practices

for the purpose of obtaining financial gain. Credit card fraud is one of popular

financial frauds, which has many types of credit card fraud, including never

received fraud, account take-over fraud, lost or stolen fraud, counterfeit fraud,

card not present. In addition, fraudsters are very inventive, fast moving people.

They are continually refining their methods, and as such there is a requirement

for detection methods to be able to evolve accordingly. Therefore, detecting

financial fraud is a difficult task.

Traditional anti-fraud methods are mostly based on rules defined by human

analyst via investigating cases using their intuition, experience, and domain

knowledge. But human rules require significant human efforts to identify the

fast moving patterns (concept drift) of fraudulent activity by modifying existing

rules or adding new rules. Thus, machine learning based method, which could

adaptively combat the concept drift, has become of importance whether in the

academic or business organizations currently.

HIRP OPEN 2016

219

4 Scope

Problem to be resolved

Identify the fraudulent credit card transactions based on machine learning

based fraud detection methods. Two techniques should be studied:

P1: Anomaly detection technique to identify the abnormal transactions

based from different aspects, e.g. account, equipment, location,

behavior, relationship, preference;

P2: Predictive modeling techniques based on the labeled data to

identify the fraudulent transactions, including, but not limited to, neural

networks, logistic regression, deep learning, ensemble methods.

Additionally, these techniques should handle three characteristics of

the data: concept drift, class imbalance, and cost-sensitivity.


Design documents and prototype demo of the solution reaching the

acceptance criteria in session 6.


For P1 and P2, the scoring should be finished within 20

milliseconds(ms) for one transaction with 100 dimensions;

For P2, true positive rate>90%; false positive rate<5%; gross losses

rate<0.2%.



Project Phase Duration Content Objective Output

HIRP OPEN 2016

220

Project Phase Duration Content Objective Output

Phase 1 ~4 months Finished tasks of P1

(1) The scoring should be finished within 20ms for one transaction with 100 dimensions

Algorithm design documents, prototype demo and the code

Phase 2 ~8 months Finished tasks of P2.

(1) The scoring should be finished within 20ms for one transaction with 100 dimensions

(2) True positive rate>90%; false positive rate<5%; gross losses rate<0.2%



HIRP OPEN 2016

221

HIRPO20160603: Research on Anomaly Detection for

Multiple Dimensional Data


2 Subject: data anomaly detection


DataCompass: Splunk-like platform for analyzing machine data

HDD: Hard Disk Drive

SVM: Support vector machine, a machine learning method

3 Background

Traditional tools are able to handle the 3V (variety, velocity, volume) of the

machine data, i.e. logs, configuration, message queues, thus Datacompass is

designed. One of important features is supporting interactive analyzing the

data, which denotes DataCompass has real-time or near real-time capability.

Datacompass will be applied to the scenario of the public cloud (Deutsche

Telecom) operation. Datacompass requires some statistical or machine

learning methods to automatically detect anomaly in the data to reduce the

human efforts.

This is not the only application domain that could benefit for such mechanism.

Examples of such application domains are: banking – detecting payments

behavior which deviate from normal customer(s) patterns which can indicate

frauds or money laundry schemas; hardware failure – detecting that physical

machines in a data center will crash by observing that certain metrics are

HIRP OPEN 2016

222

indicators of near failures (e.g. the heat of the HDD is increasing continuously

over 1 hour might show that a HDD crash is expected).

From the point of view of the analytics tools, the current state of the art is that

anomaly detection methods, being able to support interactive analysis, only

focus on the low dimensional data. The methods which could handle high

dimensional methods, such as k-means, one class SVM, needs a large

computational cost and have NOT real-time or near real-time capability.

Therefore new mechanisms are needed to be able to provide detection of

anomalies and of abnormal patterns online.

4 Scope

Finding patterns in multiple dimensional data that do not conform to expected

behavior in real time or near real time, especially for the high-dimensional

data.

P1: Anomaly detection for 1-D time series.

P2: Anomaly detection for low dimensional data being less than 100

dimensions (without and with an order). Note that ordered multiple

dimensional data are a.k.a multiple time series.

P3: Anomaly detection for high dimension data being greater than 100

(without and with an order).

P4: Online anomaly detection for the data less than 20 dimensions.


Design documents and prototype demo of the solution reaching the

acceptance criteria in session 6.

HIRP OPEN 2016

223


For P1~P3, the model building (learning) should be finished within 1s,

2.5s, and 5s, respectively;

For P1~P4, the scoring should be finished within 10 milliseconds(ms);

For P1~P4, for the data with known anomalies, true positive rate>90%,

false positive rate<5%.



Project Phase

Duration Content Objective Output

Phase 1

~4 months Finished tasks of P1 and P2.

(2) The model building should be finished with 1 and 2.5 seconds for P1 and P2, respectively.

(3) The scoring should be finished within 10 ms for one record

(4) true positive rate>90%; false positive rate<5%


Phase 2

~8 months Finished tasks of P3 and P4.

(1) The model building should be finished with 5 seconds for P3.

(2) The scoring should be finished within 10 ms for one record for both P3 and P4

(3) true positive rate>90%; false positive rate<5%



HIRP OPEN 2016

224

HIRPO20160604: Low Latency Storage for Stream Data


2 Subject: research on hadoop HDFS and related

stream tools from big data ecosystem


HDFS: Stands for Hadoop Distributed File System and is the de facto storage

used for Big Data processing.

Kafka: Is the message broker tool most commonly used for streaming.

RamCloud: The message broker tool most commonly used for streaming.

RAMCloud: A storage system design for super-high-speed storage for

large-scale datacenter applications.

3 Background

An increasing number of Big Data applications and scenario require to deal

with increasing amounts of small data. This trend is easily observed in

domains like finance, whether forecast, IoT, insurance or social networks. In

many related applications and systems such small items are continuously

collected from the stream sources or are received from other stream

processing computation. Even if the stream engines running the applications

are processing such stream data on the fly, by passing it through the topology

of stream operators, there is an increasing need to be able to store such items

efficiently.

HIRP OPEN 2016

225

Unlike traditional storage, the main challenge raised when aiming to store

stream data is the large number of small items. Additionally, as the nature of

the computation required for such data is time-critical, the data once stored

needs to be accessible with very high performances (i.e., low latencies). This

makes the existing storage options, such as the ones available in the Hadoop

ecosystem, mostly unfit for such scenarios as they cannot fully meet

out-of-the-box all performance requirements. HDFS, the default Big Data

storage, was not design as stream storage and cannot thus provide the

sub-second performance required by such applications. Using other solution

that target streaming will lead to hybrid architectures, which introduce extra

dependencies, increase the O&M complexity and can lead to less reliable

solutions. Moreover some of these stream data management solutions, such

as Kafka, are not proper storage systems (e.g., can only hold data temporarily)

and provide limited data access semantics (e.g., access data only based on its

offset) that drastically reduce the search performance.

All these issues point to the need that an own dedicated solution for low

latency stream storage is needed. Such a solution should provide on the one

hand traditional storage functionality and on the other hand stream-like

performance (i.e., low latency IO access to items/range of items). This shows

the necessity for an extensive research study to explore architectural options

to provide such storage for stream data, either as a standalone component or

as an extension of an existing Big Data solution (e.g., HDFS). The latter option

is preferred considering the benefits of having a unified storage system for all

types of Big Data.

4 Scope

The goal of the project is to provide a solution for a low latency storage for

stream data. The ideal solution would propose an extension to HDFS that

HIRP OPEN 2016

226

would bring to the system high performance when storing stream data (e.g.,

billions of small items) and when accessing the data either via scans or

random access (e.g., millisecond or ideally nanosecond access time to retrieve

data). This is shown in Figure 1. To achieve these we expect that good

practice that exists in other systems that demonstrated good performances will

be ported to HDFS (alongside with novel techniques which might be needed),

such as: Kafka partitioning and ability to deal with billions of items, RamCloud

and DXRam techniques of managing data in distributed caches to enable ns

access time across large collections of items, etc. Additionally, as Big Data

processing is being migrated quite often to the cloud, it is necessary that the

solution is compatible with such infrastructures, is able to provide similar

performance as in Big Data clusters and ultimately can be used as a service.

The main research questions, issues and requirements to be addressed are:

How can HDFS be extended to support billions of small items;

How can it be tuned to enable high performance data access in large

collection of small items (e.g. ms or ns IO access for scan, range

queries and random access);

How can the performance be guaranteed at increasing scales

Can the stream storage (add-on) work as an application library to share

data across the nodes of the distributed application as well as

standalone or within HDFS and be accessible from other application

(e.g. RMC, REST, API…);

What are the best partition techniques, data placing and search

strategies for stream storage;

Can the solution work as a cloud service with same or similar

performance.

HIRP OPEN 2016

227

Figure 1 Overview of the various features to be added to HDFS to properly support stream

storage


The expected outcomes for the project are:

1) Evaluation study (i.e., in the form of a scientific paper) of existing Big Data

tools and their performance ability to support stream storage and the

performance of IO operations. The goal is to identify the best practices and

techniques to tackle the requirements for stream storage;

2) Architecture option for extending HDFS for stream storage while providing

low latency IO for scans, range queries and random access. The

architecture should be scalable to a variable number of data nodes;

3) The system should be design to run at scale. At such it needs to support

multiple metadata nodes (i.e., namenodes for HDFS). Additionally with the

HIRP OPEN 2016

228

increase of the data nodes, the system should allow an increase in the

number of supported objects (e.g., 2x data nodes means 2x more objects)

with the same performance targets;

4) A library or a software system that implements the architecture of point 2;

5) If point 2 cannot be meet, a new stand-alone solution should be provided

that can run both as standalone solution and as an application library for

storing stream data and a strong scientific motivation that argues the

limitation of HDFS to be extended to such scenarios.


The acceptance criteria with respect to the outcomes are:

1) Study meets the academic norms of paper/technical writing and

research analysis. The study analytics considers at least 4 existing

solutions (e.g., kafka, kudu, Hbase, DXRam, RamCloud, redis.io…) and

identifies limitations as well as best practices and techniques to be used

for stream storage;

2) The architecture is HDFS compatible and is able to support billion+

objects and enables at most millisecond access to elements for range

queries and random access. A description of the data partition

techniques and search strategies to be used, which are compatible with

HDFS. The solution can work with systems that have 1,2 or more

namenodes;

3) Demo system for the implementation of the architecture described in

point 2 which demonstrates the performance of storing: at least 1 billion

objects and enable ms access to random access and to range queries.

The system should demonstrate that it enables scalability by running

the demo on various setups (5, 10 and more nodes if available);

HIRP OPEN 2016

229

4) Through and strong argumentation of why point 2 cannot be meet (why

HDFS cannot be extended to support stream storage). An alternative

design solution to point 2, that meets all the performance requirements

and can work both as a standalone and as application library;

5) The solution is demonstrated to work also on cloud platforms and as a

service (stream storage as a service).



Project

Phase Duration Content Objective Output

Phase 1 ~3

months

Evaluation of

existing tools

(Kafka, Kudu,

Redis,

RamCloud,

DXRam)

Identify limitations of

existing solutions

Identify best

architectural options

for stream storage

Report

Architecture

design

guidelines

Phase 2 ~2

months

Architecture

design of

stream storage

1. Identify

architecture options

for HDFS to support

both batch and stream

storage

2. If 1 cannot be

meet, provide

alternative solution

3. If 2, then identify

solutions for running

the solution both as a

stand-alone service

and as an application

library

System

architecture

Phase 3 ~7

months

The Storage for

Stream data

system

Implement the system

Implement JAVA

connectors/ APIs

The stream

storage

APIs

HIRP OPEN 2016

230

Implement external

connectors (outside

application domains)

Connectors


HIRP OPEN 2016

231

HIRPO20160605: Research on SDN&NFV Network

Maintenance Dystem Architecture and Technology


2 Subject: SDN big data fault analysis

3 Background

1) Trend

SDN & NFV network technique introduce a powerful combination of changes

to bring networks into new age, which realizes automatic deployment of

network business, efficient and reliable network operation, and lower the

CPEX. In the global view, SDN & NFV network will be widely applied in

commercial deployment from 2016 to 2020. Many carriers and internet

companies will deploy SDN & NFV networks in different scenarios by their own

plan, and the SDN &NFV network will enter the mature period.

2) Challenge values

For the automation SDN&NFV network, its maintenance system must be

automatic, visual and intelligent. The maintenance system have many

components such as data collection system, data storage & access system,

data visualization, data analysis, fault diagnosis, fault recovery, etc. The key

technique is as follow:

Standardization data collection, including measure data (KPI) and description

data (system log), which can realize efficient data collection, pre-processing,

data transformation.

HIRP OPEN 2016

232

Intelligent fault diagnosis algorithms. The algorithms detect fault and send

alarm when single net unit faults, locate fault device from a network or a link,

check the correctness of configuration, forecast the possible fault in the

network or a device.

Intelligent network recovery system. The system combines expert experience

and machine learning method, which can recommend recovery solution when

network is abnormal.

Different from traditional network, SDN&NFV network is in evolution, many

potential problems are not exposed in commercial operation. The goal of this

project is to investigate and explore the possible network maintenance

technique based on big data analysis technique for future carrier network. The

research will have profound and valuable impact on the evolutionary network

technique both in industry and academic.

4 Scope

The scope of the project contains two key directions: SDN&NFV network

running data collection technique and data based fault diagnosis & recovery

technique. The content of the research includes, but is not limited to, the

following parts:

1) Data collection:

Definition of standard data format, including key performance index

(KPI), log, configuration;

Design and analysis of data collection system, including system

framework, collecting technique, data transformation technique;

Design and analysis of data storage system, including system

framework, access method, and data transfer technique.

2) Data based fault diagnosis & recovery:

HIRP OPEN 2016

233

Data based fault diagnosis technique for network unit;

Data based fault diagnosis technique for network level;

Data based fault forecasting technique;

Fault correlation analysis technique, analyzing the correlation for

different types of fault;

Fault recovery intelligent recommendation technique, experience based

intelligent recommendation technique.


The deliveries of the project include, but are not limited to the following:

1) Research reports on SDN&NFV data formation standard definition, data

collection, data storage & access, fault diagnosis & recovery applications

traffic patterns, scenarios, new carrier network architecture, network security,

etc;

2) Possible prototype on SDN&NFV data collection system, data storage &

access system, or fault diagnosis & recovery algorithms;

3) Publications in peer-reviewed Journals or top ranked conferences, and/or

invention/ patents on SDN&NFV impact on carrier network, network related

technology innovation.


Sta

ge

Date Work description Output Evaluation Criteria

1 ~3

mont

hs

Specify

milestones.

Thesis proposal

cover the whole

research scope.

Routine technical

1, An determined

work plan about what

should we do in this

project and how to

guaranty the

successful of the

The documents

can be accepted

by Huawei’s

Review Group.

HIRP OPEN 2016

234

& work progress

meeting.

collaboration

2, Thesis proposal

3, Research report on

one or more items

described in section 5

2 ~5

mont

hs

Continuing the

research work.

Academic paper’

writing.

Prototype design

and coding.

Routine technical

& work progress

meeting.


more items described

in section 5

2, Complete at least

one academic paper

3, Prototype design

document & source

code(partial )

The design

documents can be

accepted by

Huawei’s Review

Group.

3 ~4

mont

hs

Complete the

research work.

Academic paper

is accepted by

the Journals or

top ranked

conferences.

Implement

prototype for

demonstration

and verifying.

Routine technical

& work progress

meeting.


all items described in

section 5

2, Complete all

papers

3, Complete

prototype

1, Finish the

prototype

implementation,

complete the

prototype’s coding,

testing, verifying,

and related report

2, Hold an

associated

workshop or attend

a SDN&NFV

related summit, on

which make an

open speech or

demonstration.

3, The paper

published in

peer-reviewed

Journals or top

ranked

conferences


HIRP OPEN 2016

235

HIRPO20160606: Novel Algorithm Design and Use

Cases for Data Stream Mining based on StreamDM


2 Subject: stream mining/real-time machine learning

3 Background

Data mining techniques consume a large amount of resources since they need

to do many iterations during the learning phase, while data stream mining

techniques only use one pass over data, and due to that are more challenging.

Currently, more and more companies use stream mining to process large

quantities of data in real-time, to build incremental model to help business

units. At the end of 2015, Huawei Noah’s Ark Lab released StreamDM-- a new

real-time machine learning library built on top of Spark Streaming, including

SGD Learner, Naïve Bayes, Hoeffding Tree, CluStream, StreamKM++ and

bagging. The motivation of StreamDM is to help industry and researchers to

have a fast solution for real time data mining cases, and we expect more

people to contribute to StreamDM, including algorithms and use cases.

4 Scope

1) We are seeking proposals of real business scenarios based on StreamDM.

These business scenarios should be challenging and interesting. They can be

deployed by universities or companies, and they will use StreamDM’s current

algorithms or new algorithms, implemented and contributed to StreamDM in

the future;

HIRP OPEN 2016

236

2) We are seeking proposals to implement well known distributed stream

mining algorithms based on StreamDM. The algorithms can either be well

known algorithms or new algorithms. The algorithms can be, but not limited to,

classification, clustering, frequent item mining or regression algorithms. The

algorithms should be distributed and incremental, implemented and

contributed to StreamDM;

3) This project can accept only a few numbers of proposals, each one with the

same funding. Proposals including both 1) and 2) are extremely welcome, and

proposals with potential patents will be given extra amount of funding.


Proposals of real business scenarios should include sample data, documents

and application codes that can be contributed to StreamDM at github, and

performance comparisons with other Stream machine learning APIs.

Proposals of algorithm implementation should include documents, codes and

test codes which can be contributed to StreamDM at github, and performance

comparisons with similar algorithms implemented in other Stream machine

learning APIs.


Project proposal is accepted by the evaluation team, Huawei;

Project deliverables are accepted by the evaluation team, Huawei;

Documents and codes are merged to StreamDM at github.


1) Proposals of real business scenarios

HIRP OPEN 2016

237

Phase1 (~3 months): Scenarios detailed description, solution of use cases;

Phase2 (~6 months): Codes, detailed documents;

Phase3 (~3 months): Performance test results and Pull request and merge to

StreamDM at github.

2) Proposals of algorithm implementation

Phase1 (~3 months): Algorithms design documents;

Phase2 (~6 months): Algorithms codes and test codes;

Phase3 (~3 months): Performance test results and Pull request and merge to

StreamDM at github.

Proposals of 1) or 2) have extra patent, the patent should be finished before

T+9.


HIRP OPEN 2016

238

HIRPO20160607: Communication Network Model

Research based on AI Technique




AI: Artificial Intelligence

3 Background

With the development of machine learning, artificial intelligence becomes a hot

research area again. Another change in communication world is that the

communication object is from the relationship between humans to the

relationship between machines (M2M). The network and configuration will be

more and more sophisticated, so the AI based technology is a preferred

solution for network measurement and management. If this technology used,

analysis of communication network model is very important.

4 Scope

Survey on the use case for AI technology in wireless communication

networks;

Research on the communication network model using AI technology;

For the special use case, give the detailed algorithm design and analysis;

Verify the AI algorithm effect on the communication network.

HIRP OPEN 2016

239


1 survey reports on key technology of artificial intelligence using wireless

communication;

1-2 research reports on key technology of artificial intelligence, including

candidate schemes of optimal technology used in wireless communication;

1 design/analysis reports and verification about key technology of artificial

intelligence using wireless communication, such as system architecture;






proved;





Phase 1 (~2 months): Survey on key technology of artificial intelligence using

wireless communication, including industry and academia area;

Phase 2 (~7 months): Research on key technology of artificial intelligence

using wireless communication, including architecture design, model selection,

algorithm design and so on.



HIRP OPEN 2016

240

HIRPO20160608: Deep Learning based Robotic

Perception


2 Subject: computer vision


GPU: Graphics Processing Unit

3 Background

The resurgence of neural networks, most prominently in the form of deep

learning (DL), has recently led to significant technological advances in image

understanding, speech recognition, and natural language processing. In

computer vision, supervised deep learning models of the Convolutional Neural

Network (CNN) family have led to significant error reduction on large-scale

classification tasks, due to their hierarchical nature and to the directness of

their feature and classifier learning. Since 2012, deep learning methods, in

particular those based on CNN, have greatly improved the performances of

traditional computer vision tasks including image classification, object

recognition, object detection, edge detection, face recognition, image

denosing/super-resolution, image quality assessment, tracking and event

recognition. The rapidly improved availability and accessibility of large-scale

Internet images/videos, in particular from mobile platforms, has greatly

facilitated the CNN training process with GPU-powered massive parallel

computing platforms, making training tens millions of parameters in CNN

practically a feasibility (training time ranges between a few hours to a couple of

weeks).

HIRP OPEN 2016

241

Computer vision technologies have become increasingly mature, being used in

real products including self-driving, image search, smart-phone applications,

surveillance and security, robotics, and smart home applications. Internet

powerhouse companies have made a big effort in investing in developing deep

learning technologies with large support of human, machine, and data

resources.

It is evident that deep learning technologies have led to the recent

breakthroughs in both academia and industry, creating intelligent products that

greatly enhance the quality of human lives. Therefore, the emphasis on

advancing in deep learning and computer vision is a must. Not only will areas

like conventional mobile terminals and intelligent monitoring be enhanced with

the emerging deep learning technology, next-generation products, such as

household robots, and driverless cars are expected to function primarily based

on deep learning.

Object detection and image recognition are considered as central problems in

computer vision. They are the building blocks for other complex vision systems

that consist of a suite of individual modules to make a real product. Specifically,

visual object recognition goes beyond determining whether the image contains

instances of certain object categories. It also refers to attributes of objects

such as location, pose and so on, making it a challenging task in computer

vision. Progress in CNN-based methods sped the development of image

classification, object detection, and semantic segmentation. However, there

still exists gaps between what many of these methods can do and what is

required in real-world situations, in term of speed, performance, and demand

in power and memory. Thus, we are motivated to go deeper into the structure

of deep models and optimize the object detection and recognition algorithms.

In addition, we also hope to transfer knowledge from the seen to unseen object

classes to improve the adaptiveness of the future perception systems.

HIRP OPEN 2016

242

4 Scope

Strategic cooperation: Give regular academic and technical reports.

Efficient object detection and recognition: Exploit structural properties of neural

networks and develop an efficient deep learning based object detection and

recognition algorithm without compromising speed and accuracy.

Robot self-learning: Explore unsupervised or weakly-supervised learning

algorithms to improve the intelligence level of robotic perception. For example,

solve the unknown categories recognition task, which is commonly

encountered in robots scenarios. Or, the robot can learn to guide itself around

the house.


Establish the technology accumulations, research capabilities and algorithm

systems on deep learning based object detection and recognition.

1) Software and prototype deliverables: Efficient object detection and

recognition algorithm; Robot self-learning algorithm and application system;

2) Document deliverables: Research report for efficient object detection and

recognition algorithm; Research report for robot self-learning algorithm and

application system; Academic papers and patents;

3) Other work: Tele-conference each month for technology communication and

progress briefing; Technical report each quarter of a year.


1) Acceptance criteria: Achieve top performance on popular object detection

and recognition datasets, for example ImageNet and PASCAL VOC;

HIRP OPEN 2016

243

2) Demo scenario: A typical apartment is shown in the following figure. Room

layout includes: living room, kitchen, and bedroom. There could be coffee table,

sofa, TV cabinets and other furniture in living room; table, stove in kitchen; bed

and other furniture in bedroom. There also may be objects such as plants, TV

in living room and small object such as beverage cups, mineral water on the

desk or table. In some cases there may be people moving in the house. The

whole area may be larger than 200m2.


Phase1 (~6 months): Project Objectives is to develop an efficient object

detection and recognition algorithm. Achieve top performance on popular

object detection and recognition datasets, for example ImageNet and PASCAL

VOC. Deliverables List is to deliver the codes, systems and instructions of the

efficient object detection and recognition algorithm. Scenario test in Huawei

based on designed demo scheme;

Phase2 (~6 months): Project Objectives is to develop robot self-learning

algorithm and application system. Deliverables List is to deliver the robot

self-learning algorithm and application system. Scenario test in Huawei based

on designed demo scheme.


HIRP OPEN 2016

244

HIRPO20160609: Deep Learning based Human Visual

Characteristics Research





3 Background

















weeks).

HIRP OPEN 2016

245






resources.








on deep learning.

Research on human visual characteristics includes face detection and

recognition, human detection, identification, tracking, behavior recognition, and

age estimation. Both in the future application of intelligent products and for

entertainment, the study of human visual characteristics shows greater value.

On one hand, the smart home application and a series of future scenarios, the

research on the human visual characteristics offers necessary technical

capabilities for human-computer interaction, intelligence services and other

high-level applications. On the other hand, the study of human visual

characteristics also supplies some entertainment, which can to some extent

attract users.

HIRP OPEN 2016

246

4 Scope

1) Body tracking: Establish the body's real-time tracking technology and

research capabilities to address the following problem for intelligence service

robots;

2) Face attributed recognition: through the analysis of human attributes in

images / videos such as age estimation, gender estimation, clothing with

attributes and expression, provide the necessary functions for high-level

application scenarios like Smart Home and intelligent robots;

3) Face detection/recognition: Establish the ability for face learning and

recognition in home environment;

4) Human behavior recognition: recognition of variety human behaviors which

provides the necessary basic skills for high level applications like

human-computer interaction and abnormal behavior of the warning.


1) Provide the functional modules of face detection techniques and correlation

filter tracking techniques for the human following feature in the robot demo;

2) Establish the technology accumulations, research capabilities and algorithm

systems on deep learning, including face detection, face recognition, human

detection, human identification, human tracking, human behavior recognition,

age estimation, facial expression recognition and clothing assessment.


Support the human following feature in robot demo;

Work in Huawei team at least one day per month.

HIRP OPEN 2016

247


Phase1 (~6 months): Project Objectives is to develop face

detection/recognition and body tracking algorithms in robot. Deliverables List is

to deliver the codes, systems and instructions of the developed algorithm.

Scenario test in Huawei based on designed demo scheme;

Phase2 (~6 months): Project Objectives is to develop face attribute recognition

and human behavior recognition algorithms in robots. Deliverables List is to

deliver the systems and instructions of the developed algorithm. Scenario test

in Huawei based on designed demo scheme.


HIRP OPEN 2016

248

HIRPO20160610: Deep Learning based Scene

Understanding





VQA: Visual Question Answering

3 Background
















HIRP OPEN 2016

249


weeks).






resources.








on deep learning.

Human can constantly observe the environment structure that surrounds

his/her. For example, when walking in the house, we recognize objects within it

and make corresponding reactions. Such capabilities help us accomplish

various tasks even in unfamiliar places. Building a system that can

automatically perform scene understanding, is a crucial prerequisite for a

variety of applications, including robot navigation, semantic mapping,

autonomous driving and human-machine interaction. Therefore, image

semantic segmentation, as the fundamental component of scene

understanding, is the key to many high-level semantic related applications. On

one hand, semantic segmentation produces highly compact representation of

images. Indexed with these representations, we can greatly improve the

efficiency of retrieving and processing. On the other hand, semantic

HIRP OPEN 2016

250

segmentation lay down the foundation for other applications such as object

detection and scene captioning.

4 Scope

1) Research on semantic segmentation: investigate pixel-wise semantic

segmentation of an image, facilitating the object detection, semantic mapping

and high-level scene understanding process;

2) Research on instance semantic segmentation: not only give pixel-wise

semantic segmentation of an image, but also differentiate between objects of

the same category, i.e., instance semantic segmentation. It could be used in

fine-grained scene understanding and interaction in the future;

3) Research on VQA application scenarios: estimate objects, object

attributes and object relationships of the scene based on visual analysis and

answer questions about the scene. Exploit and design application scenarios of

VQA systems in household environment.


Algorithm, system and technical reports for semantic image segmentation;

Algorithm, system and technical reports for instance semantic segmentation;

Design report of visual question answering application system;

Academic papers and patents;

Tele-conference each month for technology communication and progress

briefing;

Technical report each quarter in Huawei.

HIRP OPEN 2016

251


Phase1 (~4 months): Develop a fast image semantic segmentation algorithm

with labelling no less than 20 classes of common household items. Achieve top

performance on popular semantic segmentation datasets;

Phase2 (~4 months): Develop instance level semantic segmentation algorithm

with labelling no less than 20 classes of common household items. Achieve top

performance on popular semantic segmentation datasets;

Phase3 (~4 months): Develop a visual question answering system application

system.


HIRP OPEN 2016

252

HIRPO20160611: Manufacture Quality Risk Analysis &

Prediction based on Test Data


2 Subject: predictive analysis

3 Background

Production volume goes higher significantly and cycle time reduced much

shorter.

Currently the manufacture testing quality control system is designed to trouble

shooting and fast tracking based on problem. We hope to enhance the system

to be able to identify the potential risk in advance and eliminated it in time.

4 Scope

Through real time data analysis of product test data, incoming material’s test

data, equipment status data, and test software information, to predict the risks

of potential quality fluctuations in advance;

When the quality problem of the production process occurs, it automatically

identifies the key factors which impacted the abnormal fluctuations.


Technical reports including business analysis and data mining model for test

process quality control system;

Predictive analysis system with source code and document.

HIRP OPEN 2016

253


Provide sample model for 2~3 products;

The risk catch ratio higher than 70%;

The error warning ratio less than 30%.


Phase1 (~4 months): Business analysis; Data analysis, data cleaning, model

training, model optimization base on sample data;

Phase2 (~3 months): Using history data from real products to validate the

model;

Phase3 (~5 months): Deploy model to production environment; Training &

transfer to the development team and deploy to production.


HIRP OPEN 2016

254

HIRPO20160612: Behavior Analytics for Personalized

Mobile Services


2 Subject: others


OTT: Over the Top

POC: Prove of Concept

UE: User Equipment

3 Background

Considering users’ everyday reliance on smart phones, there is an

ever-increasing requirement for personalized mobile services in many aspects

of human life, such as health, education, transportation, and shopping. Thanks

to the spurt of mobile big data, e.g., call logs and location footprint, as well as a

wealth of sensors in mobile phones, e.g., gyroscope, accelerometer and light,

such personalized mobile services have become possible. For example, a

data-driven approach can be used to predict the emotional state of human by

leveraging smart phone usage data and/or location footprint, and devise

emotion-aware recommendation for shopping.

The abundance of mobile data on UE is significantly more beneficial in

understanding human behavior than social network data that has been widely

studied. Mobile data reflects the real-world behavior of human, such as

mobility, call logs and location. This could be dramatically different from social

HIRP OPEN 2016

255

network data that is simply the human actions in cyber-world, which are often

faked or contrary to the actual behavior.

Furthermore, mobile data is collected in a passive sensing fashion. It will not

impact human’s normal life activities. This is especially preferable over the

conventional survey-based studies in psychology. The survey-based studies

are usually expensive in terms of time and money, and not suitable for

long-term behavior analysis.

The unique advantages of mobile data are the foundation of successful

personalized mobile services. Mobile operators can utilize their available data

and/or cooperate with OTT providers to obtain additional UE sensor data in

order to provide personalized services and enhance user experience. This will

definitely reduce customer churn and improve customer loyalty. According to

the Harvard Business School, increasing customer retention rates by 5 percent

increases profits by 25 percent to 95 percent.

4 Scope

Research on methodologies of understanding human behavior:

investigate the possible data source and how to mine those data. Focus on

one or more behaviors.

Research on applications of the behavioral understanding: investigate

how to utilize the behavioral understanding to provide personalized mobile

services. Focus on one or more examples of services.

Prototype of such a system: Huawei will provide vUIC platform if necessary

and do prototyping on top of that to extend the MBB network intelligence to

UE.

HIRP OPEN 2016

256


Technical reports of general requirements and main components of

personalized service platform;

Solution proposal for understanding human behavior;

Solution proposal for providing personalized service using the behavioral

understanding;

A working prototype of such a system.


A detailed report on both item 1, 2 and 3 in section 6. A working prototype for

prove of concept.


Phase1 (~2 months): Survey of existing personalized mobile services,

focusing on the data source, mining methodologies and applications;

Phase2 (~2 months): Solution proposal for understanding human behavior and

its potential personalized service;

Phase3 (~5 months): Collection of user data from mobile phones;

Phase4 (~3 months): A prototype for POC on such a system;

Huawei will be able to provide lab time on vUIC platform to facilitate the

prototype POC.


HIRP OPEN 2016

257

HIRPO201607: Media Technology

HIRPO20160701: Intelligent Portrait Photography by

Mobile Phone

1 Theme: Media Technology

2 Subject: image processing

3 Background

Taking a photo by mobile phone becomes more and more popular in our daily

life. But how to capture beautiful and impressive pictures is a big issue for most

peoples, especially for some rookies. Thus, it is very urgent and useful to

develop some tools to assist human being, and then the aim of this project is to

guide persons to snap wonderful photos through some techniques, such as

image processing, machine learning, saliency detection and so on. In order to

reduce the complexity and consider the valuable of final applications, only

portraits are considered in this project.

4 Scope

Where is the location of the Person in the scenario?

How about the human’s pose?

The scope of this research includes but not limited the following topics:

segmentation, face detection, saliency detection, pose learning and

suggestion, depth estimation.

The general flow chart can be shown is the following:

HIRP OPEN 2016

258


Some necessary documents and demo which can be run in PC or in mobile,

mobile application is preferred.


The final photo should follow traditional rules in the photography, such as rules

of thirds like

And the following issues should not occur.

HIRP OPEN 2016

259


1 year, 3~4 stages.


HIRP OPEN 2016

260

HIRPO20160702: Target Person Voice Identification

Technique for the Improvement of Mobile Phone

Handset Multi-microphone Noise Reduction


2 Subject: voice communication

3 Background

Multi-microphone based noise reduction technique is widely used in moble

phone handset mode voice communication. The noise reducation ability is

improved significantly compared with traditional single channel noise reduction

both in stationary and non-stationary background noise environment. However,

for the more flexible use of mobile phone in handset mode, voice call in large

angle is also to be supported. Additionally, background noise is complicated

and sometimes there maybe just one interference voice or speech-like music

and needs to be suppressed. In case of this scenario, the noise reduction

algorithm cannot discriminate between the interference and the target speech

in large angle. So target voice identification technique needs to be developed

to enhance the noise reduction performance in case of these scenarios.

4 Scope

Problem to be resolved: Solve the indistinguishable problem between large

angle speaking and interferent voice, increase the noise reduction ability in

case of this kind of background noise.

The project is aimed to construct a target speech training and identification

system, and combine this system to currently existed voice communication

HIRP OPEN 2016

261

speech enhancment algorithm in handset mode. The target speech

characteristics are trained during the call in quiet environment, so the quiet

environment detection algorithm is needed. After the training is succeed, the

information of target speech can be used as an indication to judge whether the

voice is the target voice. For the high confidence that the speech-like sound is

not the target voice, the noise reduction power will be increased to get better

performance in case of this kind of interference. To accomplish this system

research and development, some technique such as modal clustering and

deep neural network would be used.


The target voice identification algorithm prototype is to be prepared together

with the seamless combination scheme with the current speech enhancement

algorithm of voice communication.


The target voice identification algorithm will achieve the 90% accuration in

noise environment with SNR above 10dB. The computation comsumption will

be less than 10 MCPS in Huawei Hifi3 platform.


1 year, 2~3 stages.


HIRP OPEN 2016

262

HIRPO20160703: Image and Video Captioning


2 Subject: image and video content analysis


IC: Image Captioning

VC: Video Captioning

3 Background

Image and video captioning technologies aim to automatically describe image

and video content using natural language, which is an emerging research

problem in computer vision. Machine learning approaches such as those

based on deep learning have demonstrated to be effective for image and video

content analysis. It is a valuable research direction to develop advanced

machine learning approaches for image and video captioning.

4 Scope

1) Research on image captioning: investigate new machine learning

methods to automatically generate sentences to describe the image content.

2) Research on video captioning: investigate new machine learning

methods to automatically generate sentences and stories to describe the video

content.


Technical report of image captioning technologies;

HIRP OPEN 2016

263

Technical report of video captioning technologies;

1~2 papers in top tier conferences and journals (image and video captioning is

an emerging research topic and there are few benchmark datasets. Through

this project, a new benchmark dataset is expected to be collected to evaluate

the proposed methods for image/video captioning).


Phase1 (~3 months): survey the state-of-the-art of image and video captioning

technologies and provide the related technical reports;

Phase2 (~4 months): Research on new machine learning methods for image

captioning in order to generate sentences to describe the image content and

provide the related technical reports;

Phase3 (~5 months): Research on new machine learning methods for video

captioning in order to generate sentences and stories to describe the video

content and provide the related technical reports.


HIRP OPEN 2016

264

HIRPO20160704: Deep Learning based Speech

Enhancement


2 Subject: enhanced voice communication in noisy

environments

3 Background

Speech quality and intelligibility are the most important aspects in voice

communication. In particular for mobile communication in noisy environments,

current solutions still deliver poor performance. Stable (stationary) background

noise can be handled quite well by current signal processing based solutions

to the problem of noise reduction (speech enhancement). In many situations,

such as the noise inside a car, this is sufficient.

However, even after years of research, conventional solutions still have huge

problems in detecting and reducing unstable (non-stationary) noise sources.

Such noise sources are frequent in all communication scenarios, for example

the noise generated by a keyboard, a closing door, or coughing in a

teleconference scenario. Other examples are all kinds of noises on a busy

street (car noise, car horns), background talkers, laughter or screaming in a

mobile communication scenario.

For such kind of noise sources, conventional signal processing based

approaches reached a glass ceiling; it does not seem to be possible to make a

major breakthrough without developing fundamentally novel principles.

Recently, novel speech enhancement solutions have been proposed based on

deep learning (Artificial Intelligence). These algorithms are based on training

HIRP OPEN 2016

265

an artificial neural network to map noisy speech to clean speech and showed

an impressive improvement over conventional approaches in particular for

unstable noise sources.

However, although these solutions are significantly more powerful than

classical signal processing solutions, it is not possible to deploy them for

enhancing voice communication. Currently, these solutions are not capable of

performing real-time enhancement due to design and complexity issues. At the

moment, applications are limited to research and offline processing, such as

automatic speech recognition.

4 Scope

Problem to be resolved: Speech enhancement (speech quality and

intelligibility enhancement) for mobile voice communication in noisy

environments, in particular for reducing unstable (non-stationary) noise

sources?

Develop speech enhancement solution based on deep learning principles

which can be applied to enhance voice communication. This involves:

- Designing novel deep neural network (DNN) topologies which can be

used for enhancing real-time voice communication;

- Low-delay DNN decoding strategies.

Reducing the complexity of current implementations for meeting low

performance demands and enabling mobile device applications.


Real-time capable speech enhancement algorithms for voice communication

on mobile devices which can significantly improve the speech quality and

HIRP OPEN 2016

266

intelligibility in noisy environments, in particular exhibiting unstable

(non-stationary) noise sources.


Signal-to-distortion ratio (SDR) improved at least by 6 dB for non-stationary

noise sources;

Algorithmic delay lower than 32 ms.


2 years, 2~3 stages.


HIRP OPEN 2016

267

HIRPO20160705: VR Streaming


2 Subject: virtual reality streaming


VR: Virtual Reality

HMD: Head Mounted Displays

3 Background

Presently many companies are involved in creating products for the nascent

VR market. This market is expected to grow to US$30 Billion in the next five

years and will require large amounts of network bandwidth. Today, most companies

are concentrating in providing hardware devices to experience VR such as

glasses/goggles/HMDs (examples: Facebook Oculus Rift, Microsoft HoloLens,

Samsung Gear, etc.).

Digi-Capital 2015

http://www.forbes.com/sites/valleyvoices/2016/02/09/why-the-internet-pipes-will-burst-if-virtual-reality-takes-off/#16d1b7cc64e8

HIRP OPEN 2016

268

An important aspect for the development of the VR market is content. There

are currently two major application domains that imply large markets: Games

and Cinematic VR. The latter involves the creation of panoramic 360degree

video content for entertainment purposes. The creation of such video content

implies large amounts of video data, typically 6 to 16 times the normal data

required for HD content today. Transmission and delivery of such large

amounts of data is a challenge that has not yet been properly solved.

Essential technologies, yet to be fully developed by the industry, are the

efficient compression and transmission of VR content. These technologies are

generally known as VR Streaming and include panoramic 360 degree

field-of-view both outward facing (cameras looking out to the world) or

inward-facing (cameras distributed around a particular scene, for instance,

sporting arena).

Currently there are several potential areas of development that will lead to

technical and IPR advantages in the near future. There is evidence that VR

technologies will be prevalent in the future in various markets that might not be

fully developed on envisioned today, therefore it is important to create an IPR

portfolio that will place Huawei in a good strategic advantage in the future.

Many VR technologies are products are being developed in Silicon Valley.

Both Google and Facebook provide much VR content that is fully 360 degree

panoramic; however, the encoding is very basic and does not take full

advantage of optimal network conditions.

It is important to note that the success of Cinematic VR.

4 Scope

The main problem to be solved is how to efficiently compress/code panoramic

360 degree VR content from a sensor array. The sensors may consist of

HIRP OPEN 2016

269

cameras, light-field sensors or other depth sensors. The current state-of-the

art uses brute force or very simple techniques to compress and stream the

multiple sources produced by VR camera systems, which can consist from 6 to

16 camera/sensors.

The research scope includes video compression algorithms, video processing

algorithms and systems that efficiently stream multiple real-time digital media

sources adapted for transmission over the network infrastructure. Furthermore,

the scope includes methodologies for managing the streaming of VR content

to multiple users/destinations in a network-efficient manner.


Algorithms and methods for VR Streaming over existing networks;

Network-aware algorithms and methods for VR Streaming over existing

networks;

Systems and algorithms that efficiently code VR content for delivery to

multiple customers;

Software to demonstrate the performance of the systems created above;

Evaluation mechanisms/systems/algorithms to evaluate the performance

of VR Streaming;

Documentation for all algorithms, methods and systems for VR Streaming;

Mapping;

Sphere coding;

Multiview switching;

Compression algorithm under some specific mapping algorithms.


Phase1 (~1months): In-depth study of state-of-the-art VR coding/streaming

technologies. Identify key/profitable technical areas for development and

HIRP OPEN 2016

270

standardization. Identify fundamental areas of innovation;

Phase2 (~2 months): Set up development, simulation and evaluation

frameworks. Create/acquire multiple camera/sensor acquisition. Create

display/demonstration systems (glasses, monitors, etc.). Demonstrate current

Panoramic VR system using existing content matching Google, Facebook;

Phase3 (~8 months): Using pre-recorded content for non-real time processing.

Demonstrate VR Coding and Streaming system simulations. Objective and

subjective comparison with current systems;

Phase 4 (~2 months): Project conclusion and recommendations.


HIRP OPEN 2016

271

HIRPO20160706: Sports Video Highlight Identification


2 Subject: video recognition

3 Background

With the explosive growth of video resources, it is difficult to find content of

interest in time for people. Video highlight identification can effectively help

people save time and reduce network traffic costs. Scenes and shots change

frequently in video streams, it’s very hard to extract video highlight accurately.

The objectives of the project is to identify sports video highlight (football and

basketball video) without relying on any special camera or sensors.

4 Scope

Automatic football and basketball video highlight recognition without relying on

any special camera or sensors.


Sourcecode, demo and design document.


Video sequence: select from England Primere League/NBA, 1080p@30fps;

Football video highlight：shoot、goals、free kick、penalty kick;

Basketball video highlight：dunk、block shot、alley oop、cluth goal;

Precision：>90%;

HIRP OPEN 2016

272

Recall：>90%.




HIRP OPEN 2016

273

HIRPO20160707: Research on Video Coding Model for

Saving Bitrate without Subjective Quality Loss


2 Subject: content aware video coding


OTT : Over The Top

ABR: Adaptive Bit Rate

QP: Quant Parameter

3 Background

For over-the-top (OTT) distribution, Adaptive Bitrate (ABR) is utilized; the

encoder needs to produce multiple streams for each video input, enabling the

end user to dynamically select the best stream for their network connection.

Each stream will be split into some segments in server, the player will detects

user’s bandwidth and select the best stream automatically during playback.

For example, we set the multiple streams bitrate below:

High Medium Low

1080P 8000kbps 6000kbps 4000kbps

720P 2000kbps 1000kbps

480P 700kbps

It is well know that allocating const bitrate for a size doesn’t produce best

results. For example, most cartoons can get good experience below 4000kbps

HIRP OPEN 2016

274

for 1080P size, but some complex content sequence needs more than

8000kbps. We need an intelligent algorithm to allocate bitrate for various

sequences by analyzing the content.

We notice that Netflix has used a technology called ‘Per-Title Video Encoding

Optimization’ for transcoding video to reduce its video services.

4 Scope

1) Propose a method for getting suitable QP by analyzing video content to

transcode stream with constant resolution, reduce bitrate without subjective

quality loss;

2) Propose a method for getting best resolution by analyzing video content to

transcode stream with constant bitrate, this resolution get better experience

than others;

3) Research on fast process algorithm for above requirements;

4) Research on objective video quality assessment methods for video

transcoding;

5) Research on the video quality assessment for multiple screen, such as

phone, PC and TV.


Algorithm design documents;

Technical reports of the codec’s performance;

Source code of the screen content coding code.

HIRP OPEN 2016

275


Fail: Not completed the algorithm in the Section 5;

Pass: We will provide a constant-QP to transcode various sequences for a

constant quality, your ‘adaptive-QP’ method should save 30% bitrate

compared with constant-QP transcoding project;

your ‘adaptive-size’ method should Save 30% bitrate compared with

constant-size transcoding project;

The process algorithm must be faster than x264(use ‘—preset medium’

option);

The operational instructions should be verified on real components;

Excellent: Saving 40% bitrate.


1 year, 2~3 stages.


HIRP OPEN 2016

276

HIRPO20160708: Precondition Parameters for

Solderability Test of Tin-containing Surface Finish


2 Subject: depth-based spatio-Temporal video

warping


2D: 2-Dimensional

3D: 2-Dimensional

3 Background

While spatial image warping is extensively used in image and video editing

applications for creating a wide variety of interesting special effects, there are

only very primitive tools for manipulating the temporal flow in a video. For

example, it can compare temporal speeding up (slowing down) of the video to

image zoom, or the “in-out” video selection to image crop and shift. But there

are fewer tools that implement the depth-based spatio-temporal analogues of

more general image warps, such as the various image distortion effects found

in.

Thus depth-based spatio-temporal warping of video, which provides much

more general time flow manipulation capabilities, allows a large variety of

warps to be specified in an intuitive manner, resulting in many interesting and

useful operations on video, ranging from subtle timing changes to eyecatching

special effects. For example, it is easy to slow down the time flow in a

particular spatio-temporal region of the video while speeding it up in another

HIRP OPEN 2016

277

region. This makes it possible to modify a competition video to produce a

number of new videos, each having a different winner.

4 Scope

1) Computer vision techniques for video motion analysis;

2) A sequence of time slices is generated by sweeping an evolving time front

surface through the space-time volume;

3) Picture/Image Generation—display algorithms;

4) Video editing, video-based rendering, such as the depth-based

spatio-temporal magnifying glass, creation of patterns on dynamic texture

videos, motion parallax effects.


The patent for the idea of depth-based Spatio-Temporal Video Warping;

Cell phone or PC-based demo;

Source code.


Fail: The demo does not work, or shows much artifacts;

Pass: The demo successfully makes depth-based video motion analysis, and

generates time slices, and could edit video easily. The warped new video has

very few artifacts;

Excellent: The demo accurately makes video motion analysis, and generates

time slices, and could edit video easily and effectively. The warped new video

has very no artifacts which human could feel.

HIRP OPEN 2016

278


1 year, 2~3 stages.


HIRP OPEN 2016

279

HIRPO20160709: Depth-based Salient Regions

Detection


2 Subject: salient regions detection

3 Background

Utilizing images and videos to understand ambient environment is one of most

important goals in computer vision. To achieve this, a good salient region

detection is the first step. Salient region detection technique could extract the

salient information from images or videos. Robust and accurate saliency

detection could bring much useful and helpful information to image editing,

image retrieve, image enhancement, 3A and so on.

Based on principle of Human Vision System, salient region detection

calculates the scores of saliency for each region in image through analysis of

the color, brightness and local direction features. Currently a lot of methods are

proposed, however, there are still a lot of challenges, especially detection

accuracy and robustness need improving so much.

Dual-camera based devices become more popular in our daily life. Besides

traditional RGB information, they could also give depth information. This will

make the high-accuracy saliency detection be possible.

4 Scope

1) Most current methods have low robustness, and are easily affected by

mixed colors, complex texture and complex background. The results is difficult

HIRP OPEN 2016

280

to satisfy real applications, because it could not provide accurate saliency

information;

2) Current methods only focused on 2D RGB images as inputs, so the results

is fallible, cannot provide the details of salient object, such as highlight the

whole object, show clear boundaries and so on.

Goal: Based on stereo vision-based depth information, high-accuracy saliency

detection algorithm is developed.


Algorithm docs, source code, one patent.


Saliency detection should support video and picture mode;

Detection accuracy ratio >92%, integrity of detected object>95%;


1 year, 2~3 stages.


HIRP OPEN 2016

281

HIRPO20160710: Acoustic Scene Classification on

Smartphone


2 Subject: acoustic scene detection/classification

3 Background

Sounds carry a large amount of information about our everyday environment

and physical events that take place in it. Humans can perceive the sound

scene we are within (busy street, office, etc.), and recognize individual sound

sources (car passing by, footsteps, etc.). Developing signal processing

methods to automatically extract this information has huge potential in several

applications, for example searching for multimedia based on its audio content,

making context-aware mobile devices, robots, cars etc., and intelligent

monitoring systems to recognize activities in their environments using acoustic

information. However, a significant amount of research is still needed to

reliably recognize sound scenes and individual sound sources in realistic

soundscapes, where multiple sounds are present, often simultaneously, and

distorted by the environment.

The target of this project is to develop an advance method by using

computational scene and event analysis technologies, to let the Smartphone

or small terminals to understand the environment.

4 Scope


HIRP OPEN 2016

282

The goal of acoustic scene classification is to classify the recordings into one

of predefined classes that characterizes the environment in which it was

recorded - for example "park", "street", "office".

Acoustic scenes are as follows:

Bus - traveling by bus in the city (vehicle);

Cafe / Restaurant - small cafe/restaurant (indoor);

Car - driving or traveling as a passenger, in the city (vehicle);

Metro station (indoor);

Office - multiple persons, typical work day (indoor);

Residential area (outdoor);

Train (traveling, vehicle).


The Expected outcome of this project is a set of algorithms which can be run in

Smartphone to detect the acoustic environment. It includes:

Detailed technical report;

C/C++ source code;

Possible patents.


The outcome algorithm will be developed and tested on a predefined dataset.

The dataset consist of two subsets: development dataset and evaluation

dataset. The partitioning of the data into the subsets was done based on the

location of the original recordings. All segments obtained from the same

HIRP OPEN 2016

283

original recording were included into a single subset - either development

dataset or evaluation dataset. Participants are asked to train their system

using any subset or complete set of the available development dataset.

The scoring of acoustic scene classification will be based on classification

accuracy: the number of correctly classified segments among the total number

of segments. Each segment is considered an independent test sample.


1 year, 2~3 stages.


HIRP OPEN 2016

284

HIRPO20160711: Photo Enhancement Using

Structured Light


2 Subject: computational photography

3 Background

Computational photography combines plentiful computing, digital sensors,

modern optics, and smart lights to escape the limitations of traditional film-like

cameras and enable novel image applications, such as high dynamic range,

variable focus, supper resolution, 3D reconstruction and so on. In traditional

film-like digital photography, camera images represent a view of the scene via

a 2D array of pixels. Computational photography attempts to understand and

analyze a higher dimensional representation of the scene. Rays are the

fundamental primitives. One of the most common applications is a binocular

camera which can measures the depth of an object based on the

corresponding points’ matching. Meanwhile, a projector is considered as the

dual of a camera. Using a projector-camera coupling module, a structured light

system acquires 3D models with higher precision than traditional binocular

system. Further on, we add a programmable mask before the image sensor in

order to get high quality images under strong or low ambient light.

4 Scope

A system consisting of a projector and a camera acquires high quality images

under strong or low ambient light using a programmable mask placed before

the image sensor and programmable illumination from the projector.

HIRP OPEN 2016

285


Coded illumination algorithm, emulation code and related patents.


Pass Huawei's acceptance check.


1 year, 2~3 stages.


HIRP OPEN 2016

286

HIRPO20160712: Study on Optical Image Blur


2 Subject: computational photography optical blur

3 Background

One of the benefits of large aperture lens is shooting a photo with background

blur effects, while blurred background will highlight the subject. In the minds of

many persons beautiful blur represents the quality of a picture. The

background blur, especially the ultimate virtual effect, will be difficult via directly

optical imaging for mobile camera lens; still it’s possible to get a similar effect

by image post processing. In fact, a lot of cell phone manufacturers have

introduced products with wide-aperture background blur effects, such as

Huawei P9 with a binocular camera. The mobile phones with multi-cameras,

calculating scene depth information, and further producing a virtual aperture

effect, will be more and more popular.

One of the keys to get a good virtual aperture is the blur model: how to

transform the real optical image blur effect into an image processing model,

simulating fuzzy background caused by the circle of confusion, and the facula

of the light source. The challenges of the current study, to achieve optical blur

on a mobile phone, include: 1. facula model: there is a difference before and

after the actual imaging focus plane and the facula effect varies according to

the aperture, focal length, object distance, aperture shape, etc.; 2 facula

relationships: the facula effect of the adjacent light sources at the same

distance, and light sources at different levels are of mutual influence, not

isolated; 3 relations of faculae and ouf-of-focus blur: there should be a natural

transition between the faculae and the surrounding blur neighbors, and the

HIRP OPEN 2016

287

in-focus object and out-of-focus background; 4, mobile phone lens effects: the

input RGB image contains weak optical blur itself, so the model needs to

consider the impact of conventional optical imaging; 5. content impacts: mobile

application environment is variable, e.g. too bright or dark of the taken photo;

the model should forms a natural pleasant blur under different conditions. 6,

the mobile phone platform performance: mobile terminals are very sensitive

with power consumption, hoping to have a low power consumption model.

4 Scope

The optical imaging blur model (dealing with faculae themselves and their

neighbors, eliminating existing mobile phone out-of-focus blur.

Blur evaluation criteria.


Design specification of the optical blur principles of the model;

Evaluation criteria instructions of the optical imaging blur;

Prototype system (including source codes), and the simulation results for a

particular SLR len;

Rffect evaluation report of the prototype system;

Patents.


Pass Huawei's acceptance check.


Project Cycle 12 to 16 months, 2~3 stages. Click here to back to the Top Page

HIRP OPEN 2016

288

HIRPO20160713: Research on Bearer Network

Architecture and Technology for Video


2 Subject: bearer network for video

3 Background

Video is now an integral part of life, recent forecasts predict that 80% of

internet traffic in 2019 will be video. And video is a new service driving revenue

growth to carriers. Video service brings lots of opportunities, and in the

meantime, it brings many challenges. There is a variety of new video services

which have different traffic patterns and requirements on network, such as

VR/AR video. How those traffic models influencing on current carrier network

(includes access networks, core networks, data center networks) architecture?

What is the optimal network architectures according to heterogeneous

consumption patterns?

The answers to those fundamental questions will have profound and valuable

impact on the current operators business strategy as well as the evolution of

the future carrier network.

4 Scope

The scope of this project covers new video services and scenarios, e.g. VR,

AR and etc. And how all above video services impact on the carriers’ networks.

The content of the project includes, but is not limited to, the following parts:

1) Analysis of new video services’ traffic characteristics, modeling those traffic

consumption according to various scenario, and research how those traffic

make influence on carrier network architecture;

HIRP OPEN 2016

289

2) Analysis of video service requirements on carrier network, and how the

network could do to adapt to those requirements by providing new services,

technologies, and other methods;

3) Analysis of main challenges to develop video services, and how bearer

network to satisfy future video services, such as VR/AR video;

4) Research on measuring VR/AR video user experience, and best experience

bearer network architecture.


The deliveries of the project include, but are not limited to the following:

1) Publications in peer-reviewed Journals or top ranked conferences, and/or

invention/ patents on video impact on carrier network, network related

technology innovation;

2) Research reports on new video services traffic patterns, scenarios, new

carrier network architecture, etc.;

3) Prototype on new bearer network architecture for video, with source codes

and corresponding design and implementation documents.


1) One or two papers published in peer-reviewed Journals or top ranked

conferences, and/or invention/ patents on video impact on carrier network,

network related technology innovation;

2) At least one open speech or demonstration in an video top level meeting or

associated workshop;

3) The research report or thesis about video traffic’ analysis, video industry’s

impact on every kind of network areas(including access network, transport

network, core network, data center network), new carrier network architecture

and so on, should be accepted by Huawei’s Review Group.

HIRP OPEN 2016

290


Stage Date Work

description

Output Evaluation

Criteria

1 ~3

months

Specify

milestones.

Thesis

proposal cover

the whole

research

scope.

Routine

technical &

work progress

meeting.

1, An determined

work plan about what

should we do in this

project and how to

guaranty the

successful of the

collaboration


video services’ traffic

characteristics,

modeling those traffic

consumption

according to various

scenario

The documents

can be accepted

by Huawei’s

Review Group.

2 ~5

months

Continuing the

research work.

Academic

paper’ writing.

Prototype

design and

coding.

Routine

technical &

work progress

meeting.

1, Research how

those traffic make

influence on carrier

network architecture.

2, Research video

service requirements

on carrier network,

and how the network

could do to adapt to

those requirements

by providing new

services,

technologies, and

other methods.

3. Research future

bearer network for

video

The design

documents can

be accepted by

Huawei’s Review

Group.

3 ~4

months

Complete the

research work.

Academic

paper is

accepted by

the Journals or


all items described in

section 5

2, Complete all

papers

3, Complete

1, Finish the

prototype

implementation,

complete the

prototype’s

coding, testing,

HIRP OPEN 2016

291

top ranked

conferences.

Implement

prototype for

demonstration

and verifying.

Routine

technical &

work progress

meeting.

prototype

verifying, and

related report

2, Hold an

associated

workshop or

attend a video

related summit,

on which make

an open speech

or demonstration.

3, The paper

published in

peer-reviewed

Journals or top

ranked

conferences


HIRP OPEN 2016

292

HIRPO20160714: Key Technical Research on VR Audio


2 Subject: audio technology


VR: Virtual Reality

3 Background

There’s been more VR content made in the past year than the last twenty

combined, thanks to the emergence of the Oculus Rift, Sony’s Project

Morpheus and other such virtual reality (VR) devices. There’s lots of innovation

happening on the visual front, including new methods of game play, narrative

structure and visual design. The obvious question: what’s happening on the

audio front?

Person VR worlds are all about trying to make the experience as believable as

possible. This means that every aspect of the audio-visual experience must

contribute to it. With VR and head tracking, the difference between binaural

audio versus traditional stereo panning is huge, especially when dealing with

both the horizontal and vertical plane. It is quite a cool experience to see

something fly over you and hear it move over your head too.

Most VR experiences are personal and are usually experienced through

headphones making real-time binaural audio a perfect fit. So

headphone-based rendering is particularly attractive for VR audio system.

For headphone-based rendering, to maintain the cues that the brain needs to

localize the sound so the illusion remains intact is very important. The human

http://vrfocus.com/archives/989/oculus-founder-vr-content-made-last-year-last-20-combined/

HIRP OPEN 2016

293

ears pick up audio in three dimensions. The brain processes multiple cues to

spatialize that sound. One of the most basic indicators is proximity. The ear

closer to the source picks up sound waves before the other; there's a gap in

the time that it takes to travel from one ear to the other. The distance also

changes the audio levels. Together, these differences help the brain pinpoint

the exact source of the sound. But the same cues don't apply to all directions.

Sounds that emerge from the front or the back are more ambiguous for the

brain. In particular, when a sound from the front interacts with the outer ears,

head, neck and shoulders, it gets colored with modifications that help the brain

solve the confusion. Same situation could be found when the sounds are

emerged from up or down. This interaction creates a response called

Head-Related Transfer Function (HRTF), which has now become the linchpin

of personalized immersive audio. For each person, Head-Related Transfer

Function is personalized. But usually a generic HRTF will be used, because it

is not realistic to record the personalized HRTF for each person. Humans rely

on spectral modifications of sounds caused by the head and body to resolve

this ambiguity. These spectral modifications are filters and reflections of sound

caused by the shape and size of the head, neck, shoulders, torso, and

especially, by the outer ears (or pinnae). Because sounds originating from

different directions interact with the geometry of our bodies differently, our

brains use spectral modification to infer the direction of origin. For each person,

the reflections will be different, so a virtual sound source generated using a

generic HRTF will be not easy to be localized in front/back up/down.

HRTF-based rendering system, a virtual sound source on left or right will be

easy to be distinguished by listener, but it will be not easy to distinguish the

position in front or back. At for the position up or down, it will be more difficult to

be distinguished.

HIRP OPEN 2016

294

For a high quality VR audio rendering system, distinguishing the position of the

virtual sound source in horizontal directions is not good enough. A good

capability on distinguishing the position of the virtual sound source in vertical

directions is also very important. And it will help to provide more realistic virtual

reality experience.

Is it possible to determine a generic set of HRTF pairs that are good enough to

resolve the front/back up/down confusion that is inherent in 3-D audio

rendering across gender, languages and cultures? If a single set is not

possible, roughly how many sets would be required and how would selection

for each individual be achieved centrally? Is there any efficient post processing

method could help to resolve the front/back up/down confusion?

4 Scope

Research on VR audio rendering algorithm: generate a virtual sound

source not only at any expected position in horizontal directions but also in

vertical directions. And for the headphone playback, the listener could

distinguish the position of the virtual sound source up/down.


Source code for VR audio rendering algorithm and the related technical report;

Technical investigation and technical trend analysis report on binaural/speaker

rendering.


Phase1 (~6 months): Complete the Technical investigation and technical trend

analysis report on binaural/speaker rendering, and research on VR audio

rendering algorithm which could used to generate virtual sound source in

HIRP OPEN 2016

295

horizontal and vertical directions;

Phase2 (~6 months): Improve the performance of VR audio rendering

algorithm, make it could achieve the acceptance criteria, and complete the

Technical report related to the VR audio rendering algorithm.


HIRP OPEN 2016

296

HIRPO201608: Engineering

Technology

HIRPO20160801: High Power/Low Loss Microwave

Phase Shifter

1 Theme: Engineering Technology

2 Subject: IRF/antenna

3 Background

Massive MIMO is regarded as the most important architecture of 5G Base

Station, which could improve the communication capacity and throughput by

several times. And phase-shifting of each signal from TRU implemented in

MIMO system could provide a large scale of the antenna scanning and form

some special radiation pattern. As a result, a low loss and high power variable

microwave phase shifter become the key component for MIMO antenna array.

4 Scope


Current phase shifter solution IL is too high and cause much thermal reliability

issues, investigate microwave phase shifter which could provide low loss (2dB)

under high power(30dBm at peak) application.

Research Scope:

(a) Low loss tunable components design (varactor or switches,etc);

(b) Phase shifter solution design;

HIRP OPEN 2016

297

(c) Prototype fabrication;


Simulation models, design and test reports, prototypes.


Prototypes should meet following spec. requirements:

Items Requirements

Freq. Band

24.25~27.5GHz or

27.5~29.5GHz

Power Handling

Peak Power>30dBm, Avg.

Power>23dBm

Insertion Loss 2dB(Full Temp.)

Max Phase Shift 360 degree

32*11.25=360

degree

Step 11.25 degree 5 Bits Digital Control

Precision ≤±2degree(TBD)

Amplitude Fluctuation ≤±0.25dB

IIP3 43dBm

Absolute Group Delay

Fluctuation ≤±10ps

Group Delay ≤±5ps(TBD)

Return Loss ≤1.3

Switching Time ≤50ns(TBD)

Power Comsumption ≤0.1W(TBD)

Operation Temp. -40~85degreeC

Interface WR42/WR28


1 year;

HIRP OPEN 2016

298

Phase1 (~3 months): Feasibility study. Several phase shifter concepts

investigation and comparison (RF MEMs/Low loss varactor/HIS waveguide,

etc);

Phase2 (~3 months): Phase shifter solution design;

Phase3 (~3 months): Tunable components design;

Phase4 (~3 months): Prototype manufacturing and measurement.


HIRP OPEN 2016

299

HIRPO20160802: Wafer Level Package MEMS Sensor

Dacapping Method Establishment


2 Subject: physical analysis technology


MEMS: Micro-electromechanical Systems

PFA: Physical failure analysis

3 Background

MEMS devices, especially MEMS sensor like accelerator or gyroscope, are

almost packaged in wafer scale and with molding compound outside. The

molding compound shouldn’t be etching chemically, because the wafer

bonding material may be destroyed, especially like the low temperature

glass-frit bonding, then the internal atmosphere must be changed. So the

challenge is: How to move off the molding compound without destroying the

MEMS wafer package.

And, we need to do some deep analysis on the MEMS die, especially failure

analysis, so it is very important to move off the MEMS lid without bringing in

any external matter or destroying the MEMS structures, or changing the

structure inner stress distribution. The challenge is wafer level non-destructive

decapping on MEMS device.

4 Scope


HIRP OPEN 2016

300

Wafer level and molding compound level non-destructive decapping method

on MEMS device.

Mainly on MEMS device with wafer level package, or with both wafer level and

molding compound level package，including MEMS accelerator, gyroscope,

integrated IMU, and MEMS RF device, including FBAR and BAW at present.


Wafer level non-destructive decapping method and platform scheme on

MEMS device as above scope.


Establishing the method and platform scheme of non-destructive decapping

successfully on wafer level MEMS package, or with both wafer level and

molding compound level package. It should be applied on all kinds wafer

bonding material/ method between the MEMS base and lid in HUAWEI device

category.


1 year.


HIRP OPEN 2016

301

HIRPO20160803: Improve BL Film Transmittance Rate

to Reduce LCM Power


2 Subject: display technology


AMOLED: Active-matrix organic light emitting diode

3 Background

The continuation time is an advantage for mobile phone. LCM power is top in

mobile phone. It’s important to reduce the LCD power by improving the light

efficiency. It’s a method to reduce LCM power by improving the luminance of

back light in the same LED power.

4 Scope

This project is targeting the improvement luminance of back light unit. It

involves technologies in fields of optical microstructure design and simulation.

Within this project, solution should be realized solution with more than 10%

luminance improvement without change LED material selection and amount.


Solution to with more than 10% luminance improvement;

Demo of the presented solution;

1 patent at least.

HIRP OPEN 2016

302


Back light unit film with more than 10% luminance;

There is no defect found on the demo sample after Huawei reliability test. (at

least 5 inch square).


1 year.

Stage 1: From T to T+2M

Work plan for Stage 1: Searching possible solution, planning;

Stage 2: From T+2M to T+5M

Work plan for Stage 2: Small sample to prove general concept;


Work plan for Stage 3: Demo;


Work plan for Stage 4: Patenting and summary.


HIRP OPEN 2016

303

HIRPO20160804: Precondition Parameters for

Solderability Test of Tin-containing Surface Finish


2 Subject: reliability

3 Background

Im-Sn and electroplating Matte Sn are widely used as component and PCB

surface finish. Prior to solderability test, all samples are required durability

conditioning, the standard of durability conditions are contradict with each

other (IPC J-STD-002,003 and 4554), especially for the Im-Sn components

fabricated by PCB techniques. In June of 2013, IPC released the IPC

J-STD-002D, Steam@1hour and 8hours are pointed out that they are not

suitable for the Tin-containing finishes, however, the mechanisms are not

explained, and also the relationship between preconditions and natural storage

period is not clear.

4 Scope

1) IPC J-STD-002 is for the Solderability test of components and IPC

J-STD-003 is for the Solderability test of PCB board, then what kinds of

preconditions should be applied for the Im-Sn components fabricated by PCB

techniques?

2) IPC provided five kinds of preconditions (Steam @1hour, Steam @4hours,

Steam @8hours, Steam @16hours and 155℃@4hours). However, there is no

logical theory how to choose the preconditions. It is necessary to clear up each

HIRP OPEN 2016

304

precondition to survive natural storage period with different surface finishes,

package types and storage environment.


Research report;

Operational Instructions of Solderability Test.


Clarify the relationship between precondition of Solderability test and natural

storage period clearly;

The operational instructions should be verified on real components.




HIRP OPEN 2016

305

HIRPO20160805: Integrated Dual-Polarized BTS

Filter-Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth and

Selectivity for Sub-6G MIMO Application


2 Subject: filter-antenna technology


RF: Radio frequency

BTS: Base Station

MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output

PCB: Printed Circuit Board

3 Background

The sub-6GHz MIMO system requires most integrated, low profile and low cost

RF-frontend passive circuit, filter/antenna/shifter/power

divider/switch/calibration, etc. Also the second and third harmonic signal

produced by the PA should be also filtered.

PCB lamination process is a good choice for integration and low cost. But

there will be many problem need to be solved, worse loss, bandwidth, beam

width, +/-45deg cross polarization, port and polarization isolation. Maybe it is a

good method to co-design Filter and antenna to enhance bandwidth, reduce

loss and selectivity.

HIRP OPEN 2016

306

4 Scope

Filter and Antenna co-design with enhance bandwidth and selectivity.

Low loss:

Well Integrated with Filter and Antenna;

Easy fabricated with PCB lamination.

Low cost:

Specification for 3-section BTS application, beam width, +/-45deg cross

polarization, port isolation, polarization isolation, etc.. The MIMO antenna

arrays consist of m*n elements, and every two antenna elements is connect by

a 1 to 2 power dividers.


Feasibility analysis report;

Simulation report;

Practical samples;

Design and test report;

Patent.


Phase1 (~6 months):

Industry and solution research;

Feasibility analysis;

Schematic and EM simulation;

Phase2 (~6 months):

Fabrication and test;

Optimization;

HIRP OPEN 2016

307

Fabrication and test again;

Final report.


The bandwidth of the Filter-Antenna is about 15%@ about 3.5GHz;

Well selectivity at second harmonic frequency;

Lower loss than cascading Filter and antenna;

3dB beam width;

+/-45deg cross polarization;

Port isolation;

Polarization isolation.


HIRP OPEN 2016

308

HIRPO20160806: Integrated Dual-Polarized

Filter-Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth and

Selectivity for 5G-mmWave MIMO Application


2 Subject: filter-antenna technology


RF: Radio frequency

BTS: Base Station

MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output

PCB: Printed Circuit Board

3 Background

The 5G-mmWave MIMO system requires most integrated and low cost

RF-frontend passive circuit, filter/antenna/shifter/power

divider/switch/calibration, etc. Filter should be used to reject LO leakage and

image signals.

PCB lamination process is a good choice for integration and low cost. But

there will be many problem need to be solved, worse loss, bandwidth, beam

width, +/-45deg cross polarization, port and polarization isolation. Maybe it is a

good method to co-design Filter and antenna to enhance bandwidth, reduce

loss and selectivity.

4 Scope

Filter and Antenna co-design with enhance bandwidth and selectivity.

HIRP OPEN 2016

309

Low loss:

Well Integrated with Filter and Antenna;

Easy fabricated with PCB lamination.

Low cost:

Specification for 3-section 5G-mmWave application, beam width, +/-45deg

cross polarization, port isolation, polarization isolation, etc.. The MIMO

antenna arrays consist of m*n elements, and every two antenna elements is

connect by a 1 to 2 power dividers.



Simulation report;

Practical samples;


Patent.


Phase 1 (~6 months):






Optimization;


Final report.

HIRP OPEN 2016

310


The bandwidth of the Filter-Antenna is about 11%@ about 30GHz;

Well rejection at LO leakage and image signals;

Lower loss than cascading Filter and antenna;

3dB beam width;

+/-45deg cross polarization;

Port isolation;

Polarization isolation.


HIRP OPEN 2016

311

HIRPO20160807: Multiple Beam Forming Network


2 Subject: multi-beam antenna

3 Background

MBB Challenges in Capacity and Coverage Enhancement, but site acquisition

is difficult and spectrum is always limited, so mulit-sector solution is chosen to

improve capacity. Compared with traditional antenna, multi-beam antenna can

achieve Better Performance for less overlap and blind hole.

4 Scope

Design a multiple beam forming network,split one beam to two beam,the

insertion loss of the multiple beam forming network as small as

possible.meanwhile meet the requirements of low PIM and high power

capacity.

Operating frequency:1.7~2.2GHz;

Return Loss: ≤－20Db;

Amplitude balance: ≤±0.5Db;

Phase balance: ≤±5 degree;

Insertion Loss: ≤[email protected]~2.2GHz;

Third PIM: ≤－115dBm@2*43dBm

Power Capacity: ≥100W;

Port Impedence: 50 Ohm.

HIRP OPEN 2016

312



Simulation report;

Practical samples;


Patent.








Optimization;


Final report.


The bandwidth of the multiple beam forming network is about 25%@ 1.94Ghz;

HIRP OPEN 2016

313

Lower loss;

Amplitude balance;

Phase balance;

Power Capacity;

Third PIM.


HIRP OPEN 2016

314

HIRPO20160808: Exploring High Power Low Loss

Waveguide Phase Shifter


2 Subject: passive component technology

3 Background

Massive MIMO and beam sweep will be used to improve communication

capacity, at high frequency, using waveguide phase shifter in feed network is

one solution to realize beam sweep.

4 Scope

For the waveguide phase shifter, bandwidth about 10% at 30GHz, three

problem to be solved:

1) Switching time:100ns;

2) Low insertion loss:<2.5dB/360deg@30GHz;

3) Input power: 30dBm.


Theory analysis report, Simulation and measurement report, Testing module,

Patent.




HIRP OPEN 2016

315





Optimization;


Final report.


Switching time;

Insertion loss;

Input power.


HIRP OPEN 2016

316

HIRPO20160809: Exploring High Power Low Loss

SPDT


2 Subject: passive component technology


SPDT: Single Pole Double Throw

3 Background

SPDT is usually used in TDD system, the handling power, switching time and

the insertion loss are the key parameter.

4 Scope

For the SPDT, bandwidth about 10% at 30GHz, three problems to be solved:

1) Low insertion loss:<0.4dB@30GHz;

2) Switching time:100ns;

3) Input power: 40dBm.



Patent.



HIRP OPEN 2016

317






Optimization;


Final report.


Switching time;

Insertion loss;

Input power.


HIRP OPEN 2016

318

HIRPO20160810: Lithium Battery Failure Early

Detection


2 Subject: lithium battery safety

3 Background

The lithium battery in phones has caused many accidents such as battery

explosion. Even the battery manufacturer has adopted many measures to

prevent such accident, it still happens.

Now in the phones, there has some measures to detect the parameters of the

battery, such as temperature, voltage, current, etc., but this method cannot

prevent battery from exploding.

So we need some another method to prevent the battery from explosion, when

the battery is going to explode, there may be some warning exists in the phone,

there will be some measures occur in the phone, such as turn off the phone,

isolate other circuit from the battery, etc., so the user can be avoid from

injuring.

4 Scope

1) Research the parameters that will affect the safety of the battery, and find

which parameters are the key ones;

2) Provided a method that can reduce the likelihood of battery’s explosion, low

cost is preferred. The method can be detecting some parameters of the battery,

if the parameters exceed the limit, there will be a major warning;

HIRP OPEN 2016

319

3) The method will not include optimizing manufacturing process, choosing

new materials that are not used widely.


The parameters to be detected, and the research report why these parameters

are selected;

The criteria of the parameters that can show the failure of the lithium battery,

and method to get the criteria.


The report must show the detailed data analysis why these parameters are

selected. And give the order of each parameter. And at least 2 different types

of battery are studied;

When use the criteria of the parameters to control the battery, the early

detection warning accuracy of criteria shall be at least 95%.


1 year.


HIRP OPEN 2016

320

HIRPO20160811: System Reliability& Maturity

Evaluation


2 Subject: system reliability& maturity evaluation

3 Background

More and more telecommunication products are delivered to different area in

the world with the increase of the market share. Up till now we have an

authoritative reliability procedure to define the reliability activity during

development and mass production, we do not have a widely accepted

reliability evaluation program to access the failure rate of our product under

different scenarios. We do not have an estimated failure rate for developing

products. In that case it would be difficult to make Spare Parts Management

and warranty analysis for our products. Errors would occur if all activities are

done on experience.

The objectives are to build up a widely accepted reliability evaluation program

that can be used to evaluate the failure rate under different scenarios which

can be proved by developed products.

4 Scope

An effective reliability evaluation program to access the failure rate under

different scenarios.

The reliability evaluation program should be based on the data obtained from

the reliability activity during the development of the product. The data should

include following items, but not limited to:

HIRP OPEN 2016

321

1) Reliability prediction of the product;

2) Stress derating;

3) Halt test result;

4) Environment adaptability test result including temperature, humidity,

mechanical stress and corrosion;

5) Accelerated life testing;

6) Accelerated degradation testing;

7) Process capability analysis;

8) Hass test result;

9) Burn in test;

10) Acceptance sampling;

11) Etc..

The failure rate prediction method should be calculated based on all part of or

all the data above.

After the reliability activity during development, a calculated failure rate should

be obtained.


A widely accepted reliability evaluation program to evaluate the failure rate

under different scenarios.


The reliability evaluation program should be proved effective based on the

data of two or three developed products when all related data are available.

HIRP OPEN 2016

322


1~2 years.

Work plan for Stage 1: Joint analysis of both reliability activities in Huawei and

reliability evaluation program from chosen experts;

Work plan for Stage 2: Failure rate analysis based on reliability activities of

developed products. The analysis should match the real field failure rate in

recent years. The evaluation program could be modified until the target is

fulfilled. The program should be proved effective on at least two products.


HIRP OPEN 2016

323

HIRPO20160812: Research on Special “Metal” which

the Electromagnetic Wave can Penetrate and can be

Anodized Like Aluminum


2 Subject: electromagnetic wave penetrable “metal”

with anodized aluminum exterior

3 Background

In following several years, mainstream module material is still metal among

most mobile phone companies, but the antenna slot in metal back cover filled

with resin is needed for RF performance, so the battery cover is not a real

integral metal, the antenna slot split it into more than 2 pieces. For more

elegant appearance and competitive performance, there is a strong need to

find a special “metal” and process to obtain a integral metal exterior that have

aluminum anodizing finish, at meantime the electromagnetic wave can pass

through it while will not affect the RF signal at all. In consequence, the

pre-existed antenna slot can disappear.

HIRP OPEN 2016

324

4 Scope

Integral and uniform “metal” back cover with aluminum anodizing finish, and

how to get invisible antenna slot.


Feasibility report;

Samples with integral and uniform “metal” back cover with aluminum anodizing

finish, that can pass the relevant RF tests.


Meet the objectives defined in Section 4 & pass the review of TDT.


1 year.


HIRP OPEN 2016

325

HIRPO20160813: Coarse-Grained Analyses of Android

Applications


2 Subject: software analysis technology


IR: Intermediate Representation

CG: Call Graph

3 Background

A call graph aims to capture the calling relation from a source method to its

target method, analyzed from the method invocation instruction within the

source method. The construction of a call graph is a necessary prerequisite for

most inter-procedural analyses. Using a call graph, one can remove dead

methods that are not reachable from the entries, perform the analysis of

inter-procedural constant propagation, as well as help refactoring or

error-fixing activities.

In a typical Java-like project, the dependencies on libraries often compare with

or overwhelm the application part of the program. The fact that only small

proportion of these libraries is related with the application reflects the

redundancy of libraries. As a result, it may be a waste of effort if we construct

the call graph with respect to all the libraries. In the extreme case,

whole-program analysis of a Java “Hello, World!” can give more than 20, 000

calling relations. Additionally, usage scenarios of call graphs often find it

HIRP OPEN 2016

326

unnecessary to touch the libraries since they are mostly stable during the

development process.

A partial call graph, with focus on the application part of the program, gives a

clearer insight of program architecture. The key point here is how to represent

the libraries in a coarse-grained way. Intuitively those application-irrelevant

part of libraries is expected to be represented as a single node on the call

graph. Yet other technical challenges may appear in the practical analysis,

which will be specified in the Scope section.

Android apps provide an abundance of features that diffs from Java programs.

For instance, the multiple entries and lifecycle add difficulties on the

construction call graph as well as its coarse-graining. The call graph result is

expected to cover most of the Android features, allowing the sorting with

respect to its importance. In the present case, the Android framework shall be

summarized in a hierarchical way, which means the analysis tool allows

customized control of coarse-graining

4 Scope

Problem to be resolved: Construction of partial call graphs for Android apps,

with the framework and libraries summarized in a coarse-graining way;

Note: This is NOT to do the coarse-graining of the whole call graph result.

Coarse-graining and call graph construction shall be treated at the same time,

or called “on-the fly” if one likes to say it. One can however pre-analyze the

framework and libraries, via procedure summary for example.

The present project proposal aims to obtain the partial call graphs for android

apps with respect to three different requirements:

1) Coarse-graining of Android framework and other libraries: the app-irrelevant

methods in libraries shall not be included on the call graph; the app-to-libraries

HIRP OPEN 2016

327

and intro-app calling relations shall be consistent with the whole-program

analysis, especially the call back from libraries to apps shall be preserved;

2) Support of Java runtime features, including call-back and reflection;

3) Support of Android-specific features, including lifecycle modelling,

framework modeling, ICC support, concurrency and native code.


Report on the partial call graph construction: This report is not to judge

which way is better, but to present the state of the technologies. The report

should at least present 5 cutting-edge methods published in papers or in tools.

The report is at least to classify different approaches, emphasize their features

and analyze their pros and cons.

Source code: We expect the software and its source code to cover at least

the following functions and features:

1) Coarse-graining of Android framework and other libraries: the app-irrelevant

methods in libraries shall not be included on the call graph; the app-to-libraries

and intro-app calling relations shall be consistent with the whole-program

analysis, especially the call back from libraries to apps shall be preserved;

2) Support of Java runtime features, including call-back and reflection;

3) Support of Android-specific features, including lifecycle modelling,

framework modeling, ICC support, concurrency and native code.

Documentation deliverables:

1) Design document of the coarse-graining of Android framework and other

libraries;

HIRP OPEN 2016

328

2) Design document of the solution of supporting Java runtime features,

including call-back and reflection;

3) Design document of the solution of supporting Android-specific features,

including lifecycle modelling, framework modeling, ICC support, concurrency

and native code;

4) Solution for the further improvement, especially on the performance

improvement.

Report on the evaluation of proposed approach:

The report is expected to cover the performance, call graph soundness, and

possible comparison with equivalents;

The benchmark shall refer to DroidBench at

https://github.com/secure-software-engineering/DroidBench .


1) The Deliveries meet the requirement as listed in the Section 5;

2) The methodology, algorithm and software pass the examination of the

Technical Review Team from Huawei;

3) To meet performance requirements, the response time to finish the call

graph construction for a typical 50M Android app shall be less than 10min,

while the memory usage shall be less than 1G.

Acceptance Environment：

Supported Language: Java;

Maximally supported version for analysis: 1.8;

Minimally supported version for analysis: 1.5;

OS support: Windows and Linux.

HIRP OPEN 2016

329


Phase1 (~4 months): Obtaining the partial call graphs of android apps which

are support of Java runtime features: To construct of call graph (CG), with fully

resolution of java runtime features, including call-back and reflection;

Deliverables List:

1) Report on the construction of partial call graphs for Android apps;

2) Source code of call graph construction;

3) Design document of solution of call-back and reflection;

4) Test cases of call graph construction;

Phase2 (~4 months): Obtaining the partial call graphs of android apps which

are support of Android-specific features: To construct of call graph (CG). With

fully resolution of Android-specific features, including framework modeling,

ICC support, concurrency and native code.

Deliverables List:


2) Design document of the solution of the Android-framework features:

including the details about of creating framework modeling, and the support of

the ICC, concurrency and native code;

3) Test cases of call graph construction;

Phase3 (~4 months): Algorithm engineering: To improve the algorithm and

implementation so that the scalability and soundness of call graph

construction satisfy the requirement as stated in Section 5.

HIRP OPEN 2016

330

To optimize the data structure so that the memory usage is within reasonable

size. Deliverables List:

1) Design document of the solution of the scalability and soundness;

2) Solution for the further improvement;

3) Improved source code;

4) Test cases of improved source code;

5) Evaluation report.


HIRP OPEN 2016

331

HIRPO20160814: Maintaining Consistency of

Architecture and Code Technology Collaboration

Project


2 Subject: maintaining consistency of architecture

and code


DSL: Domain Special Language

DSM: Domain Special Model

3 Background

In many projects, architecture is not consistent with code, because many

architects only deliver document not code but developers always change code

without synchronize to document. So always Code is update to date but

architecture document is out of date.

On the other hand, many architects complain modeling tool is too complex

because they need to learn many concepts before they can modeling

accurately.

We would like to keep architecture and code consistency more easy and low

cost. Architects modeling for architecture much easier and more efficiently.

HIRP OPEN 2016

332

4 Scope

1) How to describe architecture by DSL and generate code: design DSL

to describe software architecture, for example, components and interfaces

of the system. DSL can generate some sketch code and interface code;

2) How to extract architecture and interface information from code, like

c/c++/JAVA:design algorithm to extract architecture information from

source code. For example, extract interface information from comments or

annotation which is embed in the source code.


Serial Deliverable

1

DSL for dscribe architecture,which can been easy extend and can

generate code for interface, sketch framework. DSL can be

transform to visual graph Model.

2 Component for extracting architecture and interace information

from code,like c/c++/Java

3 Documents describe principle and prime algorithm


1) DSL can apply to prime products architecture, include IT/Mobile/Network

device and can been extended;

2) DSL can generate code for interface and sketch code, support c/c++/java

code;

3) Code generator is writed in java and can been reused;

4) Component for extracting architecture information from c/c++/java code is

HIRP OPEN 2016

333

wrote in java;

5) All components must deliver source code, documents which describe

principle and prime algorithm, test report.


Phase1 (~6 months): Deliver component include source code for extracting

architecture and interace information from code,like c/c++/java;

Phase2 (~4 months): Deliver DSL for describe architecture, which can been

easy extend to various product and can generate code for interface, sketch

framework;

Phase3 (~2 months): Deliver documents describe principle and prime

algorithm.


HIRP OPEN 2016

334

HIRPO20160815: A High-Reliable and High-Coverage

Method for Retargeting Android Applications to Java

Bytecode


2 Subject: using existing java static analysis tools to

analyze android application


JVM: Java virtual machine

DVM: Dalvik virtual machine

3 Background

Android now hosts more smartphones worldwide than any other mobile

platform, and its market share is increasing quickly.However, existing markets

provide little meaningful security or privacy guarantees because market

providers have neither the tools nor the resources to perform detailed analysis

of submitted applications, and also little tools for the developers to identify

bugs during the software development automatically. Thus, users fall victim to

bad applications with moderate to devastating results, and the application

quality is difficult to be guaranteed.

At the time of registration, Android developers submit an “application package”

containing the program bytecode, resources and an XML manifest to the

market. The submitted applications are initially developed in Java, but

compiled by the developer into Dalvik bytecode. Android runs each application

HIRP OPEN 2016

335

on the phone in its own instance of the Dalvik virtual machine (DVM). The

DVM has some major differences with traditional JVM. For example, the DVM

is a register-based architecture and has ambiguous register typing. These

different bytecode and program structures make it impossible to leverage

existing Java tools such as Fortify, Coverity, Doop, Soot, or WALA for program

analysis of Android applications. Thus, in the absence of usable analysis tools,

there is hardly any method to do static analysis on Android applications

automatically.

Therefore, if the Android application can be converted to Java application,

there will be a path for developers and application market providers to perform

static analysis with current Java tools on Android applications, for nowadays

there isn’t any good tool to handle Android applications directly.

4 Scope

Problem to be resolved: The main purpose of the project is to retarget

dex/apk files to class/jar files, which can then be analyzed by the existing Java

analysis tools. The problems to be resolved include analyzing the difference

between the entry point and lifecycle management of Android application and

Java application, and also the instruction set, type inference algorithm and

byte-code type system used by JVM and DVM.


Report on the difference between Android application and Java

application: The report should analyze the main difference between Android

application and Java application, including the entry point, lifecycle

management, instruction set, type inference, byte-code type system, etc. The

effect of these differences on retargeting process should also be present.

HIRP OPEN 2016

336

Documentation:

1) Design document of the solution of the differences between Android

application and Java application mentioned in 6.1;

2) Design document of the solution of high reliability, high coverage, and high

success rate;

3) Design document of the retargeting algorithm;

4) Detailed implementation document of the retargeting algorithm;

5) Document of the solution for the further improvement, especially on the

performance improvement.

Source code and demo of the retargeting tool:

We expect the retargeting tool to cover at least the following functions and

features:

1) Can retarget apk/dex files to jar/class files with high reliability, high

coverage, and high success rate;

2) The generated jar/class files can be analyzed by the existing Java tools

such as Doop, Soot, WALA, Fortify, Coverity.


1) The deliveries meet the requirement as listed in the Section 5;



3) To meet performance requirements, the tool should successfully

retarget >99% of the Android applications to Java applications.


HIRP OPEN 2016

337


OS support: Windows and Linux;

Benchmark: More than 2 open source software, which more than 100 KLOC.


Phase1 (~4 months): Analysis of the difference between Android applications

and Java applications: To analyze the effect of the differences between

Android and Java on retargeting process.

Deliverables List:

1) Report on the difference between Android application and Java application;

2) Design document of the solution of the differences between Android

application and Java application;

Phase2 (~6 months): Designing and implementing the retargeting algorithm:

To design and implement the retargeting tool.

Deliverables List:

1) Design document of the retargeting algorithm;

2) Detailed implementation document of the retargeting algorithm;

3) Test cases for retargeting dex/apk files to class/jar files;

4) Source code of the retargeting tool;

Phase3 (~2 months): Evaluation and optimization of the tool: To improve the

algorithm and implementation so that the reliability, coverage, and success

rate satisfy the requirement as stated in Section 5.

1) Design document of the solution of high reliability, high coverage, and high

success rate;

HIRP OPEN 2016

338

2) Document of the solution for the further improvement, especially on the

performance improvement;

3) Improved source code and demo with high performance;

4) Compare report of our approach with a popular and widely used tool.


HIRP OPEN 2016

339

HIRPO20160816: A Automated Program Repair Method

for Large Real-World Programs


2 Subject: automated program repair


KLOC: Thousand Lines of code

3 Background

Debugging consumes significant time and effort in any major software

development project. Moreover, even after the root cause of a bug is identified,

fixing the bug is non-trivial. Yet there are several difficulties preventing the

practical usage of the automated program repair technologies. First, only a few

bugs can be fixed by the tools, maybe below 10% in the real-world program.

The second difficulty is the scalability, for example, some technologies can not

support the program which source code line more than 100 KLOC. The third

difficulty is the efficiency, even though some technologies can support scalable

program, they still need hours to fix the bugs.

4 Scope

Problem to be resolved: Develop a scalable static analysis tool for

automated repair of program bugs.

To make practical usage of the automated program repair technologies,

Repairability and Scalability is the key problem. The following method can be

use but not limit:

HIRP OPEN 2016

340

1) Predict and fix. Before running the program, using the static analysis or

dynamic or both to predict where the bug located and the root cause of

the bug. And fix the bug by some specific patterns or learning from

correct code;

2) Using the traditional search-base technology, advanced by generating

quality candidate patches, make sure that some candidate patches can

fix the bug in real-world program;

3) Semantic-base. For example, using software analysis technology to

locate and fix the bug;

4) Narrow the bug scope, only fix a specific type of bug. For example,

buffer overflow.


Report on the result: Report for the Acceptance Criteria descript in section 6.

Source code:

1) Source code for the main tools;

2) Test case code;

3) Benchmark for the test;


1) Design document of the main architecture;

2) Design document of the key algorithms;

3) Design document of the solution of the scalability;

4) Solution for the further improvement, include but not limit: How to repair

more type of bugs? How to improve the efficiency? How to be more scalability?

HIRP OPEN 2016

341


1) Scalable for 100 KLOC code line, get automated repair result in 60

seconds for one bug;

2) More than 3 types of bugs can be repair. For example: infinite loops, buffer

overruns, integer overflows, deadlock, resource leak, memory leak;

3) For one type of bugs, more than 70% bugs can be automatic repair;

4) Repair for the bug cause by multi-lines.


Supported Language: C/C++;


Benchmark: More than 2 open source software, which more than 100 KLOC.


Phase1 (~4 months): Design: Main architecture design; Key algorithms

design.

Deliverables List:

1) Document of the main architecture;

2) Document of the key algorithms, include but not limit: The key advantage of

the algorithms. How to be scalability? Which kind of bugs can be well repair?

How to be efficiency?

Phase2 (~4 months): Develop: Source code and test cases development.

Deliverables List:

1) Source code of main tool;

HIRP OPEN 2016

342

2) Test cases;

Phase3 (~4 months): Algorithm engineering: improve the algorithm and

implementation.

1) Report for the Acceptance Criteria descript in section 5;

2) Document of algorithm improvement methods;

3) Solution for the further improvement, include but not limit: How to repair

more type of bugs? How to improve the efficiency? How to be more

scalability?


HIRP OPEN 2016

343

HIRPO20160817: Energy Proportional Communication


2 Subject: energy saving

3 Background

Conventional network and equipments have been designed with network

bandwidth and redundant resources based on peak traffic load for the purpose

of high performance and carrier grade availability. Actual network traffic load is

lower than peak load in most case. But considering the data traffic burstiness,

some links could be very high utilized or congested even the average network

link utilization is low. Network equipments have to operate at peak capacity all

the time. The power consumption of latest equipments can be adaptable with

traffic variation to some extent, but still consume significant in low traffic hours

and active idle mode. Usually network equipments need longer wake up time

for lower power consumption mode. They have to keep higher power

consumption in order to guarantee quality of service. So deep sleep capability

with shorter wakeup time will be main contribution for energy proportional

network equipments.

4 Scope

1) Problem to be resolved: Research on how to achieve energy

proportionality for one or several types of access layer network equipments

(e.g. base station, optical network unit, Ethernet switch) with minimal power

consumption on active idle mode to around 1%~10% of maximum power

consumption;

HIRP OPEN 2016

344

2) Equipment deep sleep and fast wakeup technologies: To develop power

consumption model on functional unit level for access layer network

equipments. Focus on low power active idle technologies for key components

(e.g. transceiver, MAC, PHY, SerDes) to solve the challenge of near zero

power in active idle mode and ns~μs wakeup. To research dynamical adaptive

technologies for service processing unit (e.g. baseband, packet processing,

fabric). To study the design methodology on how to decrease the time of

system reconfiguration and software recovery;

3) Load adaptive energy management strategy and algorithm: to develop

optimal sleep/wakeup mechanism, parameter setting of dynamic energy

saving features and resource scheduling algorithms, combining with low power

mode and on/off capability analysis of hardware components, based on traffic

load characteristics (type of services, QoS/SLA constraints, traffic patterns,

etc.) and interaction of different network elements, maximize the period of low

power idle mode while maintaining guaranteed performance/QoS constraints.


1) Power consumption model on functional unit level (including low power

mode);

2) Low power idle and fast wakeup technologies research report (including

maturity, pros/cons, innovation, design solutions);

3) Load adaptive energy management algorithm and simulation;

4) 1~2 invention/patents.


According to technical analysis or simulation, energy consumption of selected

equipments should be proportional with traffic variation. Power consumption

on active idle mode should be 1%~10% of maximum power consumption with

HIRP OPEN 2016

345

guaranteed performance/QoS constraints.


Phase1 (~3months): survey of the state of the art of low power idle and fast

wakeup technologies for hardware and software, including maturity analysis,

comparison of pros and cons, energy management mechanisms;

Phase2 (~5months): Research on advanced dynamic energy saving

technologies, explore power consumption model for different low power mode,

and provide report of design solution on hardware and software improvement;

Phase3 (~4months): Research on load adaptive energy management

technologies and provide related algorithms, simulation results and patents.


HIRP OPEN 2016

346

HIRPO20160818: A Scalable Android Dynamic

Analysis Framework


2 Subject: dynamic analyses of android applications


UI: User Interface

DDG: Dynamic Dependency Graph

CG: Call Graph

3 Background

Dynamic analysis, observing a program’s execution to determine its behavior,

has the advantage of uncovering the features only at the runtime, including

reflection and dynamic dispatch. Yet there are several difficulties preventing

the practical usage of dynamic analysis. The first difficulty arises from the

scalability, since dynamic analysis relies on the proper simulation of desired

execution environment, for instance via an emulator. In many cases, the

emulating of the applications has to be repeated many times in order to obtain

enough data for the sound summary of the program behaviors.

The second difficulty for dynamic analysis comes from the coverage of UI

exploration. Many Android apps have behaviors that simply cannot reasonably

be activated without human intervention. The behaviors include

application-specific login prompts, applications that dynamically load content

or code from network resources, etc. A reasonable method needs to be

developed and its pros/cons need to be evaluated.

HIRP OPEN 2016

347

4 Scope

Problem to be resolved: Develop a scalable dynamic analysis approach of

Android applications, with the support of reasonable coverage of UI

exploration.

The present project proposal has a twofold purpose. On one hand, we aim to

develop a general dynamic analyses framework of Android applications. Such

a framework is at least able to support the construction of both call graph (CG)

and dynamic dependency graph (DDG), with fully resolution of reflective call

and dynamic dispatch. On the other hand, the dynamic analyses framework

needs to be scalable and reasonably supportive of UI exploration.


Report on the dynamic analyses of Android apps: This report is not to

judge which way is better, but to present the state of the technologies. The

report should at least present 5 edge-cutting methods published in papers or in

tools, including at least 2 static analysis methods of Android apps and 3 other

dynamic analysis methods. The report is at least to classify different

approaches, emphasize their features and analyze their pros and cons.

Source code: We expect the software and its source code to cover at least

the following functions and features:

1) support the construction of both call graph (CG) and dynamic dependency

graph (DDG), with fully resolution of reflective call and dynamic dispatch;

2) e scalable: able to run at least 1,000 Android instances at parallel;

3) easonably support the UI exploration: cover all clickable and typable UI

elements, and basically support the analyses of application-specific login

HIRP OPEN 2016

348

prompts, applications that dynamically load content or code from network

resources.

We also expect the test cases for the evaluation of the above functions and

features.


1) Design document of the call graph (CG) construction, including the

description of the resolving reflective call and dynamic dispatch;

2) Design document of and the dynamic dependency graph (DDG)

construction;


4) Design document of the solution of UI exploration: including details about of

covering all clickable and typable UI elements, and the basic support of the

analyses of application-specific login prompts, applications that dynamically

load content or code from network resources;

5) Solution for the further improvement, especially on the performance

improvement.


1) The Deliveries meet the requirement as listed in the Section 5;



3) To meet performance requirements, the response time to finish the call

graph construction for a 50M Android app shall be less than 10min, while the

memory usage shall be less than 1G.


HIRP OPEN 2016

349


Maximally supported version for analysis: 1.8;

Minimally supported version for analysis: 1.5;


Benchmark: Droidbench at

https://github.com/secure-software-engineering/DroidBench.


Phase1 (~4 months): Dynamic analysis approach to construct the call graphs

of Android apps: To construct of call graph (CG), with fully resolution of

reflective call and dynamic dispatch.

Deliverables List:

1) Report on the dynamic analyses of Android apps;


3) Design document of call graph construction;

4)Test cases of call graph construction;

Phase2 (~4 months): Dynamic analysis approach to construct the dynamic

dependency graph of Android apps: To construct of dynamic dependency

graph, with fully resolution of reflective call and dynamic dispatch.

Deliverables List:

1) Source code of dynamic dependency graph construction;

2) Design document of dynamic dependency graph construction;


HIRP OPEN 2016

350

4) Test cases of dynamic dependency graph construction;

Phase3 (~4 months): Algorithm engineering : To improve the algorithm and

implementation so that the scalability and supportability of the UI exploration

satisfy the requirement as stated in Section 5. To optimize the data structure

so that the memory usage is within reasonable size.

Deliverables List:


2) Design document of the solution of UI exploration: including details about of

covering all clickable and typable UI elements, and the basic support of the

analyses of application-specific login prompts, applications that dynamically

load content or code from network resources;

3) Solution for the further improvement;

4) Improved source code that is scalable and reasonably supportive of the UI

exploration.


HIRP OPEN 2016

351

HIRPO20160819: Research on Automatic Driving

Application Scenarios and Solutions based on Vehicle

Road Coordination


2 Subject: automatic driving


AV: Autonomous Vehicle

CV: Connected Vehicle

CAV: Connected Automated Vehicle

DOT: Department of Transportation

CAAM: China Association of Automobile Manufacturers

ETSI: European Telecommunications Standards Institute

SAE: Society of Automotive Engineers

3 Background

An authoritative classification of automatic driving is proposed by CAAM、DOT、

SAE . Integration of CV technology and AV technology CAV technology

roadmap has become the consensus of the automatic driving industry. The

application of AV technology in automatic driving is relatively mature, while the

value of CV technology in automatic driving has just begun.The current

research focus of CV technology is the evolution from the auxiliary driving to

the automatic driving.

HIRP OPEN 2016

352

4 Scope

1) Research Report on automatic driving application scenarios;

2) Research Report on the implementation scheme of typical automatic driving

application scenarios.


1) Research Report on automatic driving application scenarios:

Research the current situation of the application of CV technology in the

domestic and foreign research situation, to clear the direction of the application

of automatic driving scenarios;

Reference to applications scenarios based on CV technology studied by ETSI

and SAE, Study the typical application scenarios of Automated Driving.

Factors to consider:

a. Compared with AV technology, the advantages of CAV technology in the

aspects of traffic safety, traffic efficiency, traffic comfort, traffic

management and so on;

b. Typical application scenarios need to reflect the evolution of automatic

driving, reflecting the role of CV technology in different automatic driving

levels;

c. Scene analysis requires full consideration of intelligent vehicle,

intelligent road, cloud intelligent, and the effective collaboration of the

vehicle network;

2) Research Report on the implementation scheme of the typical application

scenarios of automatic driving:

HIRP OPEN 2016

353

To compare the advantages and disadvantages of the centralized and

distributed automatic driving management, and put forward the implementation

scheme of the typical application scenarios.


Phase1 (~6 months): Analyze the research status of the application scenarios;

Study the application scenarios of different automatic driving levels; Research

Report on the implementation scheme of the typical application scenarios of

automatic driving;

Phase2 (~12 months): Compare the advantages and disadvantages of the

centralized and distributed automatic driving management; Put forward the

implementation scheme of the typical application scenarios; Research Report

on the implementation scheme of the typical application scenarios of automatic

driving.


HIRP OPEN 2016

354

HIRPO20160820: Accelerate Software Builds on the

Cloud


2 Subject: software compile/build

3 Background

Huawei envisions a future where infrastructure can support developers to build

quickly to improve software quality. Now the size of projects are growing bigger

and bigger. Such as Android, over 100,000,000 lines codes, 500,000 source

files. When a developer commits to this project with 10 files modified. We hope

the incrementally build could be done in 10 seconds. Every part of the build

system need to accelerate.

4 Scope

Research on software build accelerator system:

1) Software dependency management for source code and binary:

Automatic software dependency generator that support

C/C++/Java/Python/Go. And easily to extend to support new language.

Dependent file list analysis for the listed files given as input in 1 second;

2) Automatic software dependency check and transform: To find incorrect/

redundant/ optimizable place. Then we may get the best/correct dependency

graph which the action graph depend on. The later distributed build process is

based on the action graph;

HIRP OPEN 2016

355

3) Multiple level cache system (local / request/ content) for build: Find any

repetitive work in the build process for all the developers worked with the same

project. The goal is about 90% that the object needed in build process could be

got from cache in average.


Technical reports on the software build accelerator system. Give a systematic

study of build system and accelerator. The most popular tools. The key

technology. The future trend.

Technical reports of software dependency management solution design;

automatic software dependency check and transform solution design; multiple

level cache system (local / request/ content) for build.

Software build accelerator system with source codes and description.


Phase1 (~3 months): Give a systematic study of build system and accelerator.

The most popular tools. The key technology. The future trend. And provide the


Phase2 (~6 months): Research on software dependency management

solution design; automatic software dependency check and transform solution

design and provide the related technical report including algorithms;

Phase3 (~3 months): Research on multiple level cache system (local / request/

content) for build and provide the related technical report including algorithms.


HIRP OPEN 2016

356

HIRPO20160821: Research on Vehicle Fleet Algorithm

based on Vehicle Infrastructure Cooperation


2 Subject: automatic drive


ITS: Intelligent Transport System

3 Background

With the progress of technology in recent years, the ITS for automatic driving

has been developed rapidly, especially for the technology based on vehicle

infrastructure cooperation, which will effectively improve the traffic safety and

traffic efficiency.

Vehicle fleet is a way of improving the road utilization rate, improving traffic

efficiency and safety, the industry has some analysis and research on the

vehicle fleet technology, but it is mainly around the vehicle to vehicle

communication and combined with manual driving, there is no generalization

and application for these results.

4 Scope

The focus of the project is, based on vehicle infrastructure cooperation, for

vehicle fleet, analysis and research the promotion in the application scenario,

the traffic efficiency, safety etc, and gives the specific vehicle fleet

implementation algorithms or methods.

1) Current solutions of vehicle fleet

HIRP OPEN 2016

357

What are the current industry's vehicle fleet solutions, for these solutions,

please describe the advantages and disadvantages, the application effect;

2) Vehicle fleet algorithm based on Vehicle Infrastructure Cooperation;

Including but not limited to Platooning, C-ACC, Convoy algorithm based on

Vehicle Infrastructure Cooperation;

For each algorithm, please describe the application scenarios, the

improvement compare with current solution or algorithm, and follow-up

recommendations.


1) The paper of vehicle fleet algorithm based on Vehicle Infrastructure

Cooperation;

2) The code which can verification the above algorithm;

3) One patent.


The algorithm meets the needs of the scene, and can be implemented;

The algorithm has been reviewed by experts.


Phase1 (~2 month): Requirement clarification and communication;

Phase2 (~8 month): Algorithm design;

Phase3 (~12 month): Review and acceptance.


HIRP OPEN 2016

358

HIRPO20160822: Intelligent Algorithm for

Automatic-Driving Vehicle in Intersection


2 Subject: automatic drive


ADAS: Advanced Driver Assistance Systems

RSU: Roadside Unit

OBU: On board Unit

3 Background

In the given data model, study an algorithm for automatic-driving vehicle in

different intersections, and develops simulation system to verify the algorithm.

4 Scope

System architecture:

HIRP OPEN 2016

359

As a roadside server, RSU manage multiple intersections, traffic lights and

automatic-driving vehicles (OBU) by network. With the HD map, RSU can also

get the structure, position, topology of those objects:

1) Set the traffic lights, or disable the traffic lights. The attribute of the traffic

lights include: position, type, rule, status (disabled, green, yellow or red),

corresponding traffic flows, activate line (intersection algorithm begin to pay

attention to OBU), stop line, second stop line (stop line of left turn waiting area),

deactivate line;

2) Planning path for OBU (lane level);

3) Push information to OBU regularly or immediately (about the traffic lights,

changing lanes, etc).

On board unit in automatic-driving vehicle (OBU):

1) Automatic driving along the planning path (lane level);

2) Push information to RSU regularly or immediately (about position, direction,

speed etc);

3) Listen to RSU command about changing lanes, changing speed or brake,

traffic lights etc.

HIRP OPEN 2016

360

Intersection type:

1) Plane intersection;

2) Overpass intersection (Contains the main and side roads);

3) Plane roundabout;

4) T-junction;

5) Crosswalk intersection (Cut off the road with crosswalk or traffic lights, such

as ).

Ignore:

1) Pedestrian;

2) Obstacle;

3) Manual-driving vehicle.

Data model:

Design or redesign the data model based on given system, and development

the API.

Include traffic elements:

1) RSU;

2) OBU (inlucde vehicle);

3) Lane (include virtual lane in intersection);

4) Intersection;

5) Traffic light;

6) Traffic flow.

Algorithm requirement:

Provide two algorithms:

1) With trffice light: enable all the traffic lights, RSU control the OBU through

HIRP OPEN 2016

361

traffic lights (can also directly control the OBU);

2) Without traffic light: disable all the traffic lights, RSU directly control the

OBU only. Allow the traffic flows in each direction converge in the intersection

range.

Requirement:

Need algorithm design and theoretical proof;

Need source code (C++ for windows and linux);

Without considering the interaction of multiple adjacent intersections.

Simulation software:

1) Data model and algorithm separation. You can switch the different

algorithms for one simulation test case. C++ for windows only;

2) Need to do:

Concise 2D UI for lanes, intersections, traffic lights, vehicles, etc and those

movement;

Simulate different intersections (with HD map);

Simulate OBU and vehicle (dimensions, position, speed, path planning and

etc);

Simulation RSU (algorithms, traffic lights, and algorithm plug-in system)

Support long time test and output statistics.

3) Don't need to do:

Graphic UI;

Quasiphysical vehicle;

The fault or accident simulation.

Performance:

RSU command and push information density: 10 Hz;

OBU push information density: 10 Hz;

One HD map, include 10 intersections at least, Each road at most 5 lanes;

OBU maximum speed: 80km/h, average family car;

HIRP OPEN 2016

362

Continuous simulation test >= 24 hours.


1) Proposal;

2) Algorithm (design document and source code);

3) Simulation software (design document and source code);

4) One patent.


The algorithm meets the needs of the scene, and can be implemented;

The algorithm has been reviewed by experts.


Phase1 (~4 months): Data model (C++ for windows and linux)；Algorithm

design document; Simulation design document;

Phase2 (~8 months): Algorithm source code (C++ for windows and linux);

Simulation source code (C++ for windows only); Test case, test report and

concluding reports; One patent.


HIRP OPEN 2016

363

HIRPO20160823: Embedded Software Program

Dynamic Hook Stub Framework


2 Subject: embedded software technology

3 Background

To solve the 5G embedded base station software TTI absolute time has

brought new challenges to the performance tuning.

4 Scope

1). Control surface of Arm linux embedded board under the multi thread

absolute timing switch scheduling analysis;

2). Arm linux embedded board of user state and kernel state function to

achieve a custom code hook, solve the problem of system monitoring,

performance tuning, positioning.


Delivery embedded software dynamic program dynamic hook stub framework,

provide a new metric and problem location method for HW wireless 5G base

station performance tuning.

1).Function: to achieve the Linux ARM embedded system on the user state

and kernel function specified hook stub function;

2). Achieve hook stub funtion and do not restart the system and the process,

can be done to uninstall and do not restart the system and the process;

HIRP OPEN 2016

364

3). The hook function (including user state and kernel state) is the most basic

to achieve the sampling function execution time, function call stack, register

information, system information and so on;

4).The Linux system task switching functions can be hook stub and sampling

task switching information. According to the sampling information can be

achieved analysis task switching timing and reasons for task scheduling

optimization.


HIRP OPEN 2016

365

HIRPO20160824: Model Based White Box Testing

Framework


2 Subject: software testing technology


MBT: Model-based testing

3 Background

In the HUAWEI wireless embedded software, functional test scenarios are not

fully covered by the white-box-testing is one of the main problems leading to

the bugs remain in product. We hope to solve the problem with the help of

MBT.

At present, HUAWEI has MBT testing tool, called MTG, but mainly for the

back-end black box system function verification, it cannot fully meet the

requirement of the white-box-testing in the function and user experience.

4 Scope

1). Ensure functional test scenarios coverage through the model, review model

contrast test-case text description, to solve the problem of scenarios missing

test;

2). Accelerate white-box-testing, automatically generate test-case code, to

solve the problem of the test-case code difficult to read and difficult to inherit.

HIRP OPEN 2016

366


Deliver a set of model based white-box-testing framework, including test model

for software function implementation, eg, UML state machine, flow diagram,

and automatic generation of test-case code;

The modeling language is simple and clear, suitable for the developer;

Model support comparison, quickly show model changes;

Automatically generate test-case code through model, test-case code support

C++ language, and gtest framework;

Allows user to configure test-case input sequences and set up checkpoints;

Allows user to configure test case generation strategy, such as setting different

traversal depth and business branch coverage.


HIRP OPEN 2016

367

HIRPO20160825: Architecture Efficiency Measure by

Static Analyzing Source Code or Other Information


2 Subject: software architecture

3 Background

In software architecture field and Huawei, users use or refactor to good

architecture, in order to make code better readability, improve performance

and support business evolution.

We think, a code with good architecture, it need less time for fixing a bug or

developing a new feature than the bad one. Different codes have different

architecture efficiency. A code with good designed should have high

architecture efficiency.

We want to find a method to measure the architecture efficiency of Huawei’s

software. And the method can also give some suggestion about how to

improve the architecture efficiency. This is a very professional thing. So we

need cooperate with the experts in this field.

If we integrate this method to tool, we can measure the architecture of

Huawei’s software, find their problems and improve the architecture. If

Huawei’s software architecture improves, the quality of Huawei’s product will

improve the efficiency for fixing bugs and developing new feature will improve.

4 Scope

Measure the architecture efficiency of source code, give a index to describe it;

HIRP OPEN 2016

368

Static analyzing source code(C/C++/Java/etc) or other information;

Give suggestion about how to improve architecture efficiency.


A method/tool could analyze source code or other information needed, give an

index to describe the architecture efficiency of this code. Give the suggestion

about how to improve the architecture efficiency.


The method/tool can analyze source code of Huawei and get the expected

result;

The index of architecture efficiency has theoretical basis and accord with

Huawei’s cognition;

The suggestion about how to improve the architecture efficiency is considered

effective by Huawei architect.


Phase1 (~3 months): Communicate and clear demand,Understand Huawei’s

architecture and software,Understand provider’s method and plan;

Phase2 (~6 months): Provider develop tool;

Phase3 (~3 months): Huawei check the Deliverables,Bug fixed,Used in

product.


HIRP OPEN 2016

369

HIRPO201609: Materials

HIRPO20160901: Acoustic Performance Simulation,

Evaluation and Application for Acoustic Materials

1 Theme: Materials

2 Subject: acoustic materials for speaker

3 Background

The performance of smartphone speaker depends on not only the back

volume design, but also the acoustic material integrated into the back volume.

In general, it is considered that acoustic materials placed into the back volume

can improve the acoustic performance of the speaker.

The integration of “bass materials” into the back volume requires an acoustic

performance simulation and evaluation about material and its assembling

method, that are necessary in order to get a noticeable performance

improvement. The improvement of the acoustic performance at low frequency

(bass) can be an advantage for smartphone speaker.

4 Scope

1) Develop acoustic performance evaluation and simulation for bass material.

The material maybe pourous particles of dielectric or ceramic materials, which

have several micrometer diameters with nano-size pore on the surface;

2) Find the most matched material and assembling conditions. The acoustic

performance should be improved at the low frequency (bass) region.

HIRP OPEN 2016

370


Research report:

The acoustic performance evaluation and simulation;

Test standard, specifications and data base for acoustic materials.


Find the condition that the acoustic performance improved at the low

frequency (bass) region;

Test standard, specifications and data base for acoustic materials can meet

huawei’s requirements, which can be directly used to set up the application

ability in Huawei.


1 year, 2~3 stages.


HIRP OPEN 2016

371

HIRPO20160902: Optical Design of Fresnel Lens for

Smartphone

1 Theme: Materials

2 Subject: optical materials - fresnel lens

3 Background

Thin camera module is the key requirement to obtain slim smartphone.

Currently, Fresnel lens have been used in the digit camera like Cannon and

Nikon which have proved the Fresnel lens can reduce the length and weight

for telephoto lens.

4 Scope

Fresnel lens structure optical design and simulation for camera lens. And

select the suitable materials for fabrication.


The optical design and performance simulation;

Demo samples;

Patent.


The design structure can be matched Huawei’s requirement;

HIRP OPEN 2016

372


1 year, 2~3 stages.


HIRP OPEN 2016

373

HIRPO20160903: High Acoustic Performance

Membrane Materials in Speaker

1 Theme: Materials

2 Subject: acoustic materials - membrane

3 Background

For the electronic products, audio performance is a key data to the consumer

experience. The basic material, membrane, is a critical factor to improve the

final acoustic performance. While, the membrane in speakers used for

smartphone is still quite simple, maybe cannot meet the further demand for the

development of acoustic performance.

As to the membranes used for earphone, headphone, and loudspeakers, there

are various new materials and technologies applied in membrane materials,

surface coating, compositing, and so on. Further on, the relationship among

these new type membranes, physical properties, together with acoustic

performance, is still not clear. And the detailed inner mechanism is not

explained.

4 Scope

Do some research and development on membranes with new materials and

technologies. Apply this new membrane into speakers of smartphone, giving

an excellent acoustic performance. And show the detailed inner mechanism

about this new membrane attribute to the acoustic performance.

HIRP OPEN 2016

374


Research report;

The Demo of speakers with new membranes (materials and technologies).


The research report needs to clarify the inner mechanism about how the

physical property of membrane affects the final acoustic performance;

The Demo can give an excellent acoustic performance, and meet the reliability

tests.




HIRP OPEN 2016

375

HIRPO20160904: Printable Conductive Inks with 3D

Printing Process

1 Theme: Materials

2 Subject: function materials

3 Background

Electronic device need develop a low cost method which can direct make

conductor patterns on the 3D irregular shape of plastics parts. Printing process

can well meet low cost and high yield mass production, but traditional printing

technology is work on 2D substrate. The printing process can deal with 3D

irregular shape is under development.

Industries widely use silver paste to make conductors, but the high material

cost is a big limitation. High filler loading with high viscosity also restrict the

application on 3D irregular surface. Graphene ink maybe a candidate for low

cost printable but the poor electrical conductivity can’t meet most

interconnecting application requirements.

4 Scope

1) Base on a 3D printing technology which meet low cost and high yield mass

production, develop a printable and low cost electrical conductive ink or paste,

which can make conductor patterns on 3D irregular surface of plastic parts.

Conductor patterns maybe irregular line, dot or panel;

2) The printable ink or paste should have equal grade conductive

performance with silver paste and have good repeatability and reliability.

HIRP OPEN 2016

376


Research report;

Printable ink or pastes samples;

The Demo of 3D printing process.


The Demo of 3D printing process worked well with the real parts, and the

process can be mass produced with low process cost;

The materials have equal grade conductive performance and reliability with

silver paste but the cost can be reduced dramatically.


1 year, 2~3 stages.


HIRP OPEN 2016

377

HIRPO20160905: Accurate Measurement of Adhesion

Strength

1 Theme: Materials

2 Subject: adhesive

3 Background

Precision parts always need use adhesive to fix the position. As the bonded

area very small, the adhesive force is small and very sensitive to the bond line

interface situation, such as surface condition, joint shape. Meanwhile, the

bonded parts always suffer various stress condition such as thermal cycling,

shock, bending, shear etc.

There are many type bonding strength test method, such as lap shear, peeling,

tensile, shear, shocking etc. But these test methods need use standard or

similar specimen, and the results difficult to forecast the joint failure under real

stress condition.

Achieve a robust bonding joint need get the real adhesive strength in real parts

and know the failure mechanism of joint under various stress conditions.

4 Scope

1) Develop an in-situ adhesion strength measurement for the bonding joint of

precision parts. The precision parts maybe plastic, metal or ceramic, have

irregular structure and volume size only several millimeters;

2) Find the most matched bonding strength test method which corresponds to

different stress conditions. The stress condition maybe one or several complex

stress of thermal cycling, shock, bending, shear etc.

HIRP OPEN 2016

378


Research report;

The Demo of in-situ adhesion strength measurement.


The Demo of in-situ adhesion strength measurement worked well in the real

parts;

The conclusions meet regression verification results.


1 year, 2~3 stages


HIRP OPEN 2016

379

HIRPO20160906: Coatings with Conductivity

Significantly Higher than That of Silver

1 Theme: Materials

2 Subject: coatings with high conductivity

3 Background

Technical Requirements：based on the properties of silver below, focus on

conductivity.

(Silver conductivity: (20 °C) 1.56×10^(-8) Ω•m)

4 Scope

Coatings with conductivity significantly higher than that of silver.


Resistivity : (20 ℃) 1.0 ×10^(-8) Ω •m;

Can be electric plated, vacuum plated, sputtered or sprayed on surface of

conductor;

Targeted cost: not high than the current solution;

HIRP OPEN 2016

380




1~2 years.

8 Other Information

Application field in products:

Coatings on cable or coax, to transport digital or analog signals;

Main purpose: reducing cost;

Possible research directions on materials:

Advance conductor materials such as CNT and Graphene;

Other metal materials with higher conductivity and lower cost than that of

silver.


HIRP OPEN 2016

381

HIRPO20160907: Conductive Materials with

Conductivity Significantly Higher than That of Copper

1 Theme: Materials

2 Subject: conductive materials with high

conductivity

3 Background

Technical Requirements: based on the properties of copper below, focus on

conductivity, taking into account the basic mechanical properties (Electrical

copper: Resistivity: (20 °C) 1.724×10^(-8) Ω •m, tensile strength 200MPa,

elongation 12%, diameter 0.08mm or more).

4 Scope

Conductive materials with conductivity significantly higher than that of copper.


Conductive materials with conductivity significantly higher than that of copper:

HIRP OPEN 2016

382

1) Density: not more than copper;

2) Resistivity : (20 ℃) 1.0-1.2×10^(-8) Ω •m;

3) Tensile strength: no less than 190MPa; elongation: no less than 11%;

4) Diameter: 0.10mm minimum.




1~2 years.

8 Other Information

Application field in products:

1) Cables, coax;

2) Main purpose: miniaturization, weight reduction;

Possible research directions on materials:

Metals with better conductivity than copper, or superconducting alloy at RT;

Advanced carbon reinforced Cu-based composites, such as Cu+CNT,

Cu+Graphene;

Carbon materials with better conductivity than copper, such as CNT.


HIRP OPEN 2016

383

HIRPO20160908: Research on Evaluation Methods to

Assess & Predict the Life Span of Plastic Parts

1 Theme: Materials

2 Subject: life-span assessment & prediction for

plastic parts

3 Background

Plastic material is widely used in the products under various application

environments. There are different types of polymer materials and composites

used in the company’s products, such as PC,PC+ABS,ABS,HIPS,PA66. It is

important to predict the service life of the plastic parts in early design stage.

Therefore, there is a need to research and develop a reliable life assessment

and prediction method.

4 Scope

Establish life evaluation methods for plastic parts.

HIRP OPEN 2016

384


To develop a reliable life assessment and prediction method, with proven

accuracy;

Apply the method as defined in Section 6.1 to evaluate the remaining life span

of three typical products that current in use selected by HUAWEI.


Meet the objectives defined under Section 5.


1~2 years.


HIRP OPEN 2016

385

HIRPO201610: Simulation

Technology

HIRPO20161001: PCB Simulation Technology of PIM

1 Theme: Simulation Technology

2 Subject: PCB simulation technology of PIM


MIMO: Multiple-input Multiple- output

EE: Energy Efficiency

3 Background

MBB, Big data, Multi-band and multi-mode Antenna deployment, PCB, PIM,

Rough of Copper, Transmission Line, Suspended Line, Substrate, PCB

Process, Simulation.

4 Scope

Find key factors of PCB transmission line and suspended line’s PIM, such as

Substrate, Rough of Copper, PCB Process, Plated via etc, using simulation to

value PCB PIM level, then guide the PCB design. Give several examples to

validate the simulation accuracy(simulation result compare to test result).



Patent.

HIRP OPEN 2016

386



Phase1 (~6 months): Find key factors of PCB transmission line and

suspended line’s PIM using the simulation;

Phase2 (~6 months): Design several examples to validate the simulation

accuracy.


Simulation accuracy is more than 95%.


HIRP OPEN 2016

387

HIRPO20161002: The Simulation Technology of The

Electromagnetic Thermal


2 Subject: the electromagnetic thermal


MOT: Maxium Operating Temperature

3 Background

The PCB has the character of the MOT. In the meanwhile, the transmission of

electromagnetic wave generates heat because of the electromagnetic loss on

the microwave line. All of these limit the working temperature of microwave line

in the RF system.

When the system temperature grows higher, the risk of reliability becomes

more critical. The simulation technology of the electromagnetic thermal can

help us to judge the risk and optimize the circuit.

4 Scope

To calculate the temperature of the microwave line or RF passive unit in the

system.

Based on the following items:

1). The scene of the system: the normal RF PCB, such as Rogers4350B; the

heat sink based on the structure and natural heat dissipation; the RF circuit

shielded by the structure of metal.

HIRP OPEN 2016

388

2). The character of RF input signal: 2GHz of the RF frequency, 50W~150W of

the RF power, the level of VSWR is two on the output port, the transmission of

the microwave line.


To provide the simulation technology of the electromagnetic thermal;

The simulation report;

The model of the design;

The test report.


Phase 1 (~4 months): Feasibility analysis, Simulation of the circuit, Design of

the circuit;

Phase 2 (~8 months): Fabrication and test, Optimization, Final report.


The precise of the simulation is below two to five degrees.


HIRP OPEN 2016

389

HIRPO20161003: Roll Back in Distributed

Discrete-Event Simulation


2 Subject: software


DES: Discrete Event Simulation

3 Background

Discrete Event Simulation (DES) is an increasingly important tool for

evaluating system models in many fields. To improve the Capacity and

performance of DES simulation, Parallel and Distributed DES were introduced.

Always, A Distributed DES scenario using dozens of computers will run several

days. Before simulation end, abnormal situation leads to simulation abort

maybe occur, so the simulation needs to be rerun several times to solve the

simulation models problem and get the correct simulation result. This process

will need too long time, and it is not tolerated.

The roll back technology that can move the Distributed DES to any simulation

time is needed. Using roll back we can debug Distributed DES program

efficiently and easily, and the simulation can rapidly back to the point that the

simulation corrupt.

4 Scope

The solution design of roll back in Parallel and Distributed DES: design

the roll back technology and apply to one DES simulator.

HIRP OPEN 2016

390


Technical design report of roll back technology;

The source code and description of roll back which can run in one DES

simulator.


Roll back can ensure the Distributed DES back to any simulation time with

several times;

The roll back simulation result is same as normal simulation result;

After roll back, the simulation program can still be debugged using normal

debug tools (vsJITdebugger/gdb.etc);

After the simulation is end (the simulation computer process is over), support

the DES simulation recover from the file etc.;

The expenses (Memory/Storage/CPU) of the Roll back are as low as possible;

The time of Roll back process is as short as possible;

Roll back support windows (Server 2008 and higher version) and

Linux(CentOS 6.5 and higher version);


Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the Roll back technology in Parallel and

Distributed DES field, meet the requirements, design the Roll back technology

and provide the related design report;

Phase2 (~4 months): Coding the Roll back, provide the runnable program and

related description;

HIRP OPEN 2016

391

Phase3 (~4months): Optimize the Roll back performance.


HIRP OPEN 2016

392

HIRPO201611: Microwave

HIRPO20161101: New RF Material Application in

Microwave Communication

1 Theme: Microwave

2 Subject: microwave technology research


LC: Liquid Crystal

MTM: Metamaterial

PC: Photonics Crystal

EBG: Electromagnetic Band Gap

PBG: Photonic Band Gap

3 Background

Microwave communication spectrum is transferring to millimeter-wave/THz for

getting more bandwidth. For such high frequency, several issues are raised for

the RF front-end design:

1) Relatively high insertion loss: the insertion loss of waveguide and insertion

loss has little impact on system performance. However, for mm-wave/THz

system, the insertion loss will become a main concern;

2) Wideband: due to more bandwidth is allocated on mm-wave/THz, the

relative bandwidth is around 20% which is a great challenge for antenna and

some specific waveguide structure; even for traditional band, the wideband

HIRP OPEN 2016

393

capability are also very beneficial for reducing the types of components. For

example, an antenna can cover multi-band, e.g., 13-23GHz, can provide very

promising flexibility with single antenna equipment.

3) Phase and amplitude error: sight manufacture error will bring large

phase/amplitude change due to the very short wavelength. This will impact

phased array and MIMO system design.

4) Tunable components: phased array antenna is a hot topic since

beamforming capability will be an important feature for millimeter-wave/THz

system deployment due to the very narrow beam. For achieving this system,

the phase shifting components is necessary for tuning the phase of each

antenna elements.

Metamaterial

Researchers are working on Metamaterial which is a kind of artificial periodic

structure which could achieve EM propagation with opposite phase

propagation direction and desired phase/amplitude distribution. By using this

effect, it is possible to mitigate the frequency selective issue for traditional

material, and achieve structure/antenna miniature. By this way, the above

issues (wideband, insertion loss, error control) could be handled.

PC/PBG/EBG material

Similar as Metamaterial, the photonic crystal material is also a kind of artificial

periodic structure. The difference is that photonic crystal material creates

electromagnetic band gap effects which block/reflect almost all signals on

certain frequency range. The effect can be used to design waveguide structure

and antenna substrate with very low insertion loss.

Liquid Crystal

HIRP OPEN 2016

394

For implementing a phased array antenna, it is typically required to integrate

phase shifting components in antenna. However, the cost is too high by

integrating a lot of MMIC phase shifter into antenna, but the performance is still

bad. Now researchers are looking for some types of suitable tunable elements

operating at millimeter-wave/THz. Liquid crystal is one of the materials could

be achieve very low cost and easy fabrication. The Permittivity ε of liquid

crystal material can be voltage-controlled by the effect of the molecular

arrangement change with different voltage. The phase shifting can be

achieved with this effect.

4 Scope

Problem to be resolved: a detailed consultant report with some simulation

results for understanding the feasibility to apply the new RF material in

microwave system.

Statement of Work 1 –metamaterial and photonic crystal application in

mm-wave/THz

WI1 Metamaterial/PC design methodology and the requirement for

fabrication

WI2 Technology status, including industry status and research

status

WI3 Theoretical design, simulation and feasibility analysis, include

but not limited, waveguide, transmission line, power distribution

network, leaky-wave antenna, antenna substrate, antenna unit,

wideband antenna feeder (e.g., 13~23GHz),….,etc.

WI4 Technical challenges and future trends;

Statement of Work 2 – Liquid crystal application in mm-wave/THz

WI1 Technology status, including industry status and research

status

WI2 Liquid crystal tunable components design and simulation,

include but not limited, phase shifter, tunable filter,…. etc.

WI2 Liquid crystal reconfigurable reflectarray design and simulation

WI3 Technical challenges and future trends;

HIRP OPEN 2016

395


D1 Consultant report on metamaterial and photonic crystal

application in mm-wave/THz

D2 Consultant report on Liquid crystal application in mm-wave/THz

D3 Simulation example projects;


Phase1 (~3 months): Survey the state of the metamaterial and photonic crystal

application in mm-wave/THz and provide the related technical report;

Phase2 (~5 months): Research on Liquid crystal application in mm-wave/THz


Phase3 (~4 months): Simulation and modification.


HIRP OPEN 2016

396

HIRPO20161102: Phase Pop Detection and Estimation

1 Theme: Microwave

2 Subject: digital signal detection and estimation

3 Background

In order to achieve higher capacity, microwave backhaul transmission goes to

higher frequency, higher order modulation, and multiple channels.

Unfortunately, when we go to higher frequency, phase pop will be more serious.

Phase pop will introduce burst errors for the link, especially for higher order

modulation which is quite sensitive to phase pop. In the end, it makes the

higher order modulation with much low availability.

4 Scope


s1

s2

a

a

1jw te

2jw te

3jw te

4jw te

1 3 2 3

1 1 2

j w w t j w w tr t s t e as t e

1 4 2 4

2 1 2

j w w t j w w tr t as t e s t e

1n t

2n t

As illustrated above, if there is no phase pop we assume 1 2 3 4w w w w . We

can recover the transmitted signal 2

1 1 2 1s t r t ar t a . But if there is

a phase pop happening in oscillator 1, 2, 3 or 4, we can’t recovery the exact

HIRP OPEN 2016

397

transmitted symbol. The best way to figure out this problem is finding a method

to detect and estimate the phase pop happening in oscillator 1, 2, 3 or 4, and

compensate it.


Mathematic derivation for phase pop detection and estimation algorithm is

needed. Simulation report (matlab or simulink) is supposed to deliver to

Huawei.


Phase1 (~6 months): Design the phase pop detection and estimation algorithm.

Technical document for phase pop detection and estimation algorithm;

Phase2 (~6 months): Simulation report for the proposed algorithm. Complexity

analysis and implementation optimization.


HIRP OPEN 2016

398

HIRPO20161103: Relative Delay Estimation Between

LOS-MIMO Channels

1 Theme: Microwave

2 Subject: microwave communication


Los: Line of Sight

MIMO: Multiple Input and Multiple Output

3 Background

Trend，challenge ，value and objectives

The specific explanation of each parameter:

HIRP OPEN 2016

399

The specific explanation of each parameter:

1. t1, t2, t3, t4 is the time delay between transmitted signals, where t1, t2,

t3, t4 is independent, among t1, t2, t3, t4 the biggest difference is 100ns,

for example (t1 = 1ns, t2 = 50ns, t3 = 80ns, t4 = 101ns);

2. e^j*(w1*t), e^j*(w2*t), e^j*(w3*t), e^j*(w4*t) are signal carriers, 4 carrier

frequencies are independent to each other;

3. e^j*ph1(t), e^j*ph2(t), e^j*ph3(t), e^j*ph4(t) are phase noise, 4 channels

are independent to each other, the phase noise model is Wiener chirp, The

quota is -70dBc/10Kz,-90dBC/100Khz;

4. 4 channels multipath is independent, the model is rummler 2 ray model,

the notch depth is about -20db;

5. g1, g2, g3, g4 is gain, g1, g2, g3, g4 is independent, g1 and g2 biggest

difference 8db, g3 and g4 biggest difference 8db; g1/g2 and g3/g4 biggest

difference 18db; for example (g1 = 1, g2 = 1/6, g3 = 1/60, g4 = 1/10);

6. e^j*[w2*t + ph2(t)] is receiver carrier, it is different from w1, and the

difference is less than 500Khz, ph2(t) is phase noise, the phase noise

model is Wiener chirp, The quota is -70dBc/10Kz,-90dBC/100Khz;

7. awgn is the channel white noise, snr = 40Db.

4 Scope

Problem to be resolved: In having signals disturbance, frequency offset and

multi-path, phase noise in situation, can estimate the time delay information

accurately.

HIRP OPEN 2016

400


We need an algorithm design to estimate delay information accurately,

including reports, simulation results and source code.


Phase1 (~6 months): Theory and feasibility research for the algorithm.

Technical analysis document for time delay estimation algorithm.

Phase2 (~6 months): The performance optimization of the algorithm.

Performance report for time delay estimation algorithm.


HIRP OPEN 2016

401

HIRPO20161104: Hub-site Interference Cancellation

1 Theme: Microwave

2 Subject: microwave communication


UL: Uplink

DL: Downlink

MIMO: Multiple input and multiple output

3 Background

Trend，challenge ，value and objectives

figure 1. Hub-site transmission

HIRP OPEN 2016

402

The microwave hub-site transmission is shown in figure 1. There are two

microwave links 1 and 2 sharing the same frequency 1 for uplink and

frequency 2 for downlink. If the angle between link 1 and 2 is too small, the link

1 and 2 should interfere each other. In current deployment, the angle should

greater than 60 degree for x-polarization and 90 degree for co-polarization to

achieve enough isolation between link 1 and 2. The link interference brought

strong constraints to network programming.

Trend: The market and network department want to reduce the angle

constraints by new practical algorithm design.

Challenge: link interference cancellation. For example, pre-coding, multi-user

detection, et. al.

Value and objective: decrease the angle to less than 30degree for

co-polarization, and the minimum to 10 degree for co-polarization. The small

angle constraints brought more flexibility to network programming.

4 Scope

Decrease the angle to less than 30degree for co-polarization, and the

minimum to 10 degree for co-polarization with tolerable performance loss (for

example, 1dB) of link 1/2. The link 1 and 2 may have different bandwidths,

transmission power, communication distance, and modulation.


We need new solution of link interference cancellation, including reports,

simulation results and source code.

HIRP OPEN 2016

403


Phase1 (~6 months): Theory and feasibility analysis. Answer the smallest

angle can achieve in theory and the main algorithm selection;

Phase 2 (~6 months): Performance optimization and algorithm complexity

analysis, give detail implemental structure design suggestion.


HIRP OPEN 2016

404

HIRPO201612: Security

Technology

HIRPO20161201: Learning-based Malicious Behavior

Detection for Mobile Applications

1 Theme: Security Technology

2 Subject: malicious behavior detection


NPU: Neural Process Unit

3 Background

In recent years, smart phone sales have grown tremendously. In year of 2015,

according to the report from IDC, worldwide shipment volumes of smartphones

reached 1,439.2 million. Among various platforms, Google’s smart phone

platform Android OS has captured more than 80% of the total market-share,

and it is the most popular operating system at present.

Android terminal stores a lot of personal information of its owner, such as

contacts, messages, social network access, browsing history and banking

credentials, so it has become a prime target for malicious attacks. Android

malwares such as SMS Trojans, spyware, aggressive adware and privilege

escalation attack have reported exponential rise from the Google Play store

and well known third-party market places. These malicious applications pose a

great security risk to mobile phone owners and solving the security issue of

Android has become a hot topic in the field of information security.

HIRP OPEN 2016

405

According to the statistics from G-Data, the number of new Android malware is

total 2.33 million in year 2015. In the fourth quarter of year 2015, the experts

identified over 8,240 new Android malware apps per day on average. The

traditional static and dynamic analysis for mobile malwares is harder and

harder to handle this malware explosion.

4 Scope

We are seeking proposals to implement efficient combination architecture of

cloud and on-device to detect the malicious behaviors of malware running in

android smart-phones. The research scope targets are to build an appropriate

implementation platform and test a number of representative algorithms

belonging to the following categories, but are not limited to:

1) Observer to extract the APIs’ performance of multi-layer includes framework,

kernel, and hardware drivers;

2) Neural network model and algorithms for AI Deep Learning on the cloud;

3) Training practices for Neural network model with benign apps from Google

Play and malicious apps from Drebin or Huawei on the Cloud;

4) On-device analyzer to category the behavior models of apps offline with

on-device NPU.


1) Prototype of Platform with hooked APIs, neural network model for machine

deep learning on the cloud and on-device NPU assistant analyzer;

2) Neural network model and algorithms for AI Deep Learning in the Cloud;

3) Training results for Malicious behavior models;

4) Design and implement documents;

5) One patent.

HIRP OPEN 2016

406


Project proposal is accepted by the evaluation team, Huawei;

Project deliverables are accepted by the evaluation team, Huawei;

False positive rate < 10%, false negative rate <10% (benign samples from

Google Play and malware samples from Drebin or Huawei);

The CPU overhead on device < 5% (or < 3 % if NPU/GPU available).


Phase1 (~3 months): Architecture design documents;

Phase2 (~3 months): Prototype of Platform with hooked APIs of framework,

kernel and hardware drivers;

Phase3 (~3 months): Prototype of neural network with its algorithm for

machine deep learning, one patent;

Phase4 (~3 months): Neural network model training and malicious behavior

models; Prototype of Analyzer module; Architecture implementation

documents.


HIRP OPEN 2016

407

HIRPO20161202: An Effective Method to Detect the

Compromised Host via System Logs


2 Subject: abnormal behavior detection

3 Background

It is important to keep the server safe to prevent data loss, business

interruption and other hazards. The Run-time environment on the server is

relatively simple compared to endpoints. We’re very interested in finding an

automated method to detect compromise evidence based on the system logs

and DB/Web Server logs, etc.

4 Scope

The proposed research consists of log modeling, algorithm design and

development of a working prototype system.


Technical reports of detect the compromised host based on abnormal behavior

analyze via massive logs;

The prototype of system with source codes and description;


HIRP OPEN 2016

408


Phase1 (~6 months): Survey about this field, including the methods and

advantage/disadvantage between them;

Phase2 (~6 months): Research on system design and analyze the detect

result.


HIRP OPEN 2016

409

HIRPO20161203: A reputation System to Evaluate

IP/Domain Threat


2 Subject: reputation ranking

3 Background

IP addresses and Domains are often taken down by hackers to launch attacks.

We need to continuously rank reputation for them, not only to help evaluate the

security situation and trend, but also to proactively response.

4 Scope

1) Research on selecting proper features and inputs for effective ranking:

investigate the features and factors which could better represent the reputation

of IP/Domain in security area;

2) Research on algorithm and model for IP/Domain ranking: based on the

model, design algorithms leading final results, Capable of ranking IP

addresses at the scale of 100 million and Domains at the scale of 50 million.


Technical reports of features and model for IP/Domain ranking;

The prototype of ranking system, including the design documents, result

analysis, and source codes;


HIRP OPEN 2016

410


Phase1 (~6 months): Survey the state of the art of IP/Domain Ranking field,

including the methods and advantage/disadvantage between them and


Phase2 (~6 months): Research on system design and analyze the ranking

result.


HIRP OPEN 2016

411

HIRPO201613: Innovation

Management

HIRPO20161301: Synergetic Innovation Network:

Theory and Practice

1 Theme: Innovation Management

2 Subject: open innovation

3 Background

Open innovation is catching industry’s eye and many successful implements

have been laid. It is also the guideline for Huawei’s Technical Cooperation

Management practice. To explore the next generation unknown, unformed

technology, it is necessary to form a networked and synergetic research

alliance. The Gulati paper1 has done good start for a general description of

how alliance be formed and evaluate. However, there’s still lack of empirical

analysis from practitioner’s view, especially in the ICT area.

Some funding organizations have noticed that the synergetic research is vital

for unknown technology exploitation. For example, EU FP series funding

established a mechanism to let researchers from multi-country and

multi-organizations collaborated together with a common research goals and

agenda. Some other cluster research practices are also carried in other

countries such as US. The analysis, both qualitative and quantitative, of these

operating experiences is good for later practitioners.

1 Gulati, R. (1998), Alliances and networks. Strat. Mgmt. J., 19: 293–317.

HIRP OPEN 2016

412

The research is expected to analyze the theory and practice in this synergetic

research networks and give suggestion on how to identify, build, maintain and

evaluate such networks. Practical case studies should be given.

4 Scope

A survey of the current study on networked and synergetic alliance from multi

perspectives such as strategy, innovation, supply, network science,

organization theory. Review and insight should be given on the formation,

governance structure, dynamic evolution and performance evaluation of

alliances.

Quantitative analysis of influential organization’s best practices. Typical cases

study on organization of alliances. At least one case should be on how to build

a multi-disciplined research network in a single university/school.

Quantitative analysis tool to identify network of researchers and themes, using

available datasets.

Qualitative and quantitative performance evaluation system for research

alliance.

An analysis and suggestion report on how management role can sense,

impact and enable such synergy.


• Reports for theory survey, empirical summary, and case studies;

• Data analysis tools for network identification and performance benchmark;

• Workshop with Huawei practitioners.

HIRP OPEN 2016

413




Date post:	20-Dec-2020
Category:	Documents
Upload:	others
View:	2 times
Download:	1 times