UPRM

ITEAS

Can a company be successful & environmentally friendly?

The pursuit of ecofficiency….. and happiness

Dr. Iván J. Baigés Valentin, Director

Instituto Tropical de Energía, Ambiente y Sociedad

Recinto Universitario de Mayaguez

Universidad de Puerto Rico

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

Society’s survival and well-being depends on the natural environment.

Japan, March 2011

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

Sustainability creates the conditions for

humans and nature to exist in productive

harmony

thriving with limited resources

the fulfillment of the social, economic and

other requirements of present and future

generations

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

company

product

revenue

energy

materials

Waste

Supplier input

Take Make UseWaste

market

Waste

present economic model

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

Running on empty

Graph showing Production (Mbd) against Time (Years), based on Campbell’s data.

Our system is dependent on fossil fuels

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

Losing our cool – climate change

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

dilemma• Our profits depend on increasing production

which leads us to …

Increase our material use

Increase our energy use

Increase our waste generation

Increase stress on natural resources

Increase our environmental impact

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

Increasing productivity

Efficiency = input + materials + energy + value added + waste

product

Strategy reduce…

Energy – green building, LEED, energy conservation

Materials – reduce scrap, 6 sigma

Waste – recycling, 6 sigma

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

limited vision = limited action

• Widen the scope…. Think cradle to grave!

Material extraction

process

energy

materials

energy

materials

wastewaste

manufacture

energy

materials

waste

usedistribute

energy

materials

energy

materials

waste waste

Upstream stages downstream stages

UPRM

ITEAS

Canproduction

AluminumOre

extraction

Aluminumproduction

Sheetproduction

Sheettransport

70.4 kw hr/kg7.3 kw hr/kg 0.07 kw hr/kg 16.6 kw hr/kg

Ingotproduction

materialtransport

0.07 kw hr/kg

3.9 kw hr/kg

Energy = 66.7 kw hr/kg Energy % = 90.4%

Example - Aluminum Can Production

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

new vision = increased actionThink cradle to grave

Manage Life Cycle Materials

Manage Life Cycle Energy

Manage Life Cycle Waste

GREENING of the

SUPPLY CHAIN

Value Chain

energymaterials

waste

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

Become real effective

ECOEfficiency =

MATERIALS + ENERGY + value added + WASTE + nat resources

product

Consider LifeCycleMaterials, Energy, Waste, Natural Resources

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

Design Guidelines

Design for Recovery and Reuse

Design for Disassembly

Design for Waste Reduction

Design for Energy Conservation

Design for Material Conservation

Design for Risk Reduction

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

• Reduce Costs of the system without reducing quality or compromising safety

Design Example reduce material and energy

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

Redesign Part

Existing cross section New cross section

UPRM

ITEAS

The Magic Carpet - Interface Inc.

• Carpet company, 1.3 billion profit

• Developed recyclable carpet tiles

• Evergreen Lease Program

• leases carpets does not sale them

• provides a service not a product

• Reduced raw materials by 65 %

UPRM

ITEAS

Energy demand 2010-2030

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

2010 2014 2018 2022 2026 2030

prediccion

Ener

gyco

msu

mp

tio

n Present Model

UPRM

ITEAS

Energy demand 2010-2030

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

2010 2014 2018 2022 2026 2030

Ener

gyco

msu

mp

tio

n

Increase efficiency

Present Model

UPRM

ITEAS

Energy demand 2010-2030

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

2010 2014 2018 2022 2026 2030

Ener

gyco

msu

mp

tio

n

Change our use patterns - culture

Increase efficiency

Present Model

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

So much to de

• DEmaterialize

• DEenergize

• DEtoxicate

• DEcouple profits from impact

• DEvelop a sustainable product model

UPRM

ITEAS

The system modelThis is the Take , Make, Waste System

USE

WasteManagement

distribution

manufacturing

Raw Materials

Natural Resources

Energy generation

UPRM

ITEAS

The system modelThis is the Take less , Make with less, RECIRCULATE

USE

MaterialManagement

distribution

manufacturing

Raw Materials

Natural Resources

Energy generation

UPRM

ITEAS

UPRM

ITEAS

“Earth provides enough to satisfy every man's need, but not every man's greed”

Mahatma Gandhi