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LEGAL ETHICS

CANON 10 – Duty of candor, fairness, and good faith to the courts

Heuysuwan v. Florido 2

Eternal Gardens memorial Park vs CA 4

CANON 11 – Duty to give respect to the courts

In Re Almacen, 9

Wicker v. Arcangel 27

CANON 12 – Duty to assist in the speedy and efficient administration of justice.

Nunez v. Atty. Ricafort 60

Santiago v. Atty Rafanan 64

CANON 13 – Duty not to influence judges.

Lantoria v. Atty. Bunyl 68

Estrada v. Sandiganbayan 72

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[A.C. No. 5624. January 20, 2004.]

NATASHA HUEYSUWAN-F!"#$!, %o&'(a)nan*, +. ATTY. JAESENE$#CT C. F!"#$!, r/'on/n*.

$ E C # S # ! N

YNA"ES-SANT#A!, J '

T) ) an a&)n)*ra*)+/ %o&'(a)n* or */ )ar&/n* o r/'on/n* A**y. Ja&/ /n/)%* C. F(or)o an ) /+/n*ua(r/&o+a( ro& */ "o(( o A**orn/y or a((//(y +)o(a*)n ) oa*a a (a7y/r 8y &anua%*ur)n, 9aun*)n an u)n a 'ur)ou anou Cour* o A''/a( "/o(u*)on:!r/r.8 1

#n /r Co&'(a)n*-A;a+)*, Na*aa <. Hu/yu7an-F(or)o a+/rr/*a* / ) */ (/)*)&a*/ 'ou/ o r/'on/n* A**y. Ja&//n/)%* C. F(or)o, u* *a* */y ar/ /*ran/ an ()+)n/'ara*/(y ro& /a% o*/r. T/y a+/ *7o %)(r/n = na&/(y,>a&)((/ N)%o(/ H. F(or)o, ?+/ y/ar o(, an Ja&/ /n/)%* H.F(or)o, Jr., *r// y/ar o( = o* o 7o& ar/ )n %o&'(a)nan*@%u*oy. Co&'(a)nan* ?(/ a %a/ or */ annu(&/n* o /r&arr)a/ 7)* r/'on/n*, o%/*/ a C)+)( Ca/ No. 23122,/or/ */ "/)ona( Tr)a( Cour* o C/u C)*y, ran% 24. /an7)(/,*/r/ ) ano*/r %a/ r/(a*/ *o */ %o&'(a)n* or annu(&/n* o

&arr)a/ 7)% ) '/n)n /or/ */ Cour* o A''/a( ano%/*/ a CA-.". SB No. 54235 /n*)*(/, 8Ja&/ /n/)%* C.F(or)o +. Hon. Ba&')o Aar)/n*o, /* a(.8

So&/*)&/ )n */ &)(/ o $/%/&/r 2001, r/'on/n* 7/n* *o%o&'(a)nan*@ r/)/n%/ )n Tanay C)*y, N/ro !r)/n*a( an/&an/ *a* */ %u*oy o */)r *7o &)nor %)(r/n /urr/n/r/ *o )&. H/ o7/ %o&'(a)nan* a 'o*o%o'y o ana((// "/o(u*)on )u/ y */ Cour* o A''/a( 7)%u''o/(y ran*/ ) &o* )on or */&'orary %)(%u*oy. 2 Co&'(a)nan* %a((/ u' /r (a7y/r u* */ (a**/r)nor&/ /r *a* / a no* r/%/)+/ any &o*)on or */&'orary%)( %u*oy ?(/ y r/'on/n*. HE#TA$

Co&'(a)nan* a/ r/'on/n* or */ or))na( %o'y o */ a((//r/o(u*)on o */ Cour* o A''/a(, u* r/'on/n* a)(/ *o )+/ )**o /r. Co&'(a)nan* */n /Da&)n/ */ r/o(u*)on %(o/(y an

no*/ *a* )* or/ *7o a*/ No+/&/r 12, 2001 an No+/&/r2, 2001. S/n)n o&/*)n a&), / r/u/ *o )+/ %u*oy o */)r %)(r/n *o r/'on/n*.

#n */ &)-&orn)n o January 15, 2002, 7)(/ %o&'(a)nan* 7a7)* /r %)(r/n )n */ AC /arn)n C/n*/r )n Tanay C)*y,r/'on/n*, a%%o&'an)/ y ar&/ &/n, u/n(y arr)+/ an/&an/ *a* / urr/n/r *o )& */ %u*oy o */)r %)(r/n.H/ *r/a*/n/ *o or%/u((y *a/ */& a7ay 7)* */ /(' o )%o&'an)on, 7o& / %(a)&/ *o / a/n* o */ Na*)ona( ur/auo #n+/*)a*)on.

A(ar&/, %o&'(a)nan* )&&/)a*/(y ou* */ a)*an%/ o */ Tanay C)*y Bo()%/. T/ r/'on)n 'o()%/&/n u/u/n*(y/%or*/ /r *o */ 'o()%/ *a*)on 7/r/ */ &a**/r %ou( /%(ar)?/ an /**(/ '/a%/u((y. A* */ 'o()%/ *a*)on, r/'on/n*%au/ *o / /n*/r/ )n */ Bo()%/ (o**/r a *a*/&/n* *a* /,

a)*/ y a/n* o */ N#, or&a((y /r+/ on %o&'(a)nan* */

a''/((a*/ %our*@ r/o(u*)on:or/r. 3 #n or/r *o )Gu/ */ */n)on,%o&'(a)nan* ar// *o a((o7 */ %)(r/n *o (//' 7)* r/'on/n*or on/ n)* on %on)*)on *a* / 7ou( no* *a/ */& a7ay ro&

Tanay C)*y. T) ar//&/n* 7a /n*/r/ )n*o )n */ 'r//n%/ o Tanay C)*y C)/ o Bo()%/ Juan)*o Con/ an N# #n+/*)a*or"o/r Suu%o, a&on o*/r.

#n */ /ar(y &orn)n o January 16, 2002, %o&'(a)nan* r/%/)+/

)nor&a*)on *a* a +an arr)+/ a* */ o*/( 7/r/ r/'on/n* an*/ %)(r/n 7/r/ *ay)n *o *a/ */& *o a%o(o C)*y.Co&'(a)nan* ru/ *o */ o*/( an *oo */ %)(r/n *o ano*/rroo&, 7/r/ */y *ay/ un*)( (a*/r )n */ &orn)n.

!n */ a&/ ay, r/'on/n* ?(/ 7)* */ "/)ona( Tr)a( Cour* o $u&au/*/ C)*y, ran% 31, a +/r)?/ '/*)*)on 4 or */ )uan%/o a 7r)* o a/a %or'u a/r*)n ) r)* *o %u*oy o */%)(r/n on */ a) o */ a((// Cour* o A''/a(@ "/o(u*)on. #n*/ &/an*)&/, %o&'(a)nan* +/r)?/ */ au*/n*)%)*y o */"/o(u*)on an o*a)n/ a %/r*)?%a*)on a*/ January 1,2002 5 ro& */ Cour* o A''/a( *a*)n *a* no u% r/o(u*)onor/r)n %o&'(a)nan* *o urr/n/r %u*oy o */)r %)(r/n *or/'on/n* a //n )u/.

A* */ /ar)n o */ '/*)*)on or a/a %or'u on January 23,2002, r/'on/n* ) no* a''/ar. Con/u/n*(y, */ '/*)*)on 7a

)&)/.

H/n%/, %o&'(a)nan* ?(/ */ )n*an* %o&'(a)n* a((/)n *a*r/'on/n* +)o(a*/ ) a**orn/y@ oa* y &anua%*ur)n,9aun*)n an u)n a 'ur)ou Cour* o A''/a(@ "/o(u*)on )n anou*)/ a %our* o (a7. Fur*/r&or/, r/'on/n* au/ an&)u/ */ 'r)+)(// ran*/ *o )& y */ Su'r/&/ Cour* *o'ra%*)%/ (a7 )n */ %oun*ry.

A*/r r/'on/n* an7/r/ */ %o&'(a)n*, */ &a**/r 7a r//rr/*o */ #B-Co&&))on on ar $)%)'()n/ or )n+/*)a*)on, r/'or*an r/%o&&/na*)on. T/ #B-C$ r/%o&&/n/ *a* r/'on/n*/ u'/n/ ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7 or a '/r)o o *r// y/ar7)* a 7arn)n *a* ano*/r oG/n/ o *) na*ur/ 7)(( r/u(* )n ))ar&/n*. 6 !n Jun/ 23, 2003, */ #B oar o o+/rnorao'*/ an a''ro+/ */ "/'or* an "/%o&&/na*)on o */Co&&))on 7)* */ &o)?%a*)on *a* */ '/na(*y o u'/n)on

/ )n%r/a/ *o )D y/ar.

T/ )u/ *o / r/o(+/ ) 7/*/r or no* */ r/'on/n* %an //( a&)n)*ra*)+/(y ()a(/ or ) r/()an%/ on an a**/&'* *o/nor%/ a 'ur)ou "/o(u*)on o */ Cour* o A''/a(.

#n ) an7/r *o */ %o&'(a)n*, r/'on/n* %(a)& *a* / a%*/ )noo a)* )n )n+o)n */ Cour* o A''/a( "/o(u*)on 7)% /on/*(y /()/+/ *o / au*/n*)%. T), o7/+/r, ) /()/ y */a%* *a* / u/ an 'r//n*/ */ 'ur)ou "/o(u*)on /+/ra(*)&/. A 'o)n*/ ou* y */ #n+/*)a*)n Co&&))on/r, */aa)(/ "/o(u*)on 7a 'r//n*/ y r/'on/n* on a* (/a* *7oo%%a)on ?r*, )n ) B/*)*)on or #uan%/ o Wr)* o Ha/aCor'u o%/*/ a S'/%)a( Bro%. Ca/ No. 3, I7)% / ?(/7)* */ "/)ona( Tr)a( Cour* o $u&au/*/ C)*y an /%on, 7/n/ ou* */ a)*an%/ o */ B)()'')n/ Na*)ona( Bo()%/ KBNBL o

Tanay C)*y *o r/%o+/r %u*oy o ) &)nor %)(r/n ro&

%o&'(a)nan*. S)n%/ )* 7a r/'on/n* 7o u/ */ 'ur)ou"/o(u*)on, / ) 'r/u&/ *o a+/ 'ar*)%)'a*/ )n )* ar)%a*)on.

Canor an a)rn/ ar/ /&an/ o /+/ry (a7y/r. T/ ur/n%a* on */ u)%)ary 7ou( / )n*o(/ra(/ ) )* %ou( no* *a/ a*a%/ +a(u/ 7a* ) a/r*/ y %oun/(. T/ *)&/ *a* 7)(( a+/ *o/ /+o*/ u* *o */ *a o +/r)?%a*)on o a((/a*)on u&)**/%ou( /a)(y / )&a)n/. E+/n 7)* u/ r/%on)*)on */n *a*

%oun/( ) /D'/%*/ *o )'(ay */ u*&o* M/a( )n */ //n/ o a%()/n*@ %au/, )* &u* n/+/r / a* */ /D'/n/ o */ *ru*. Tu,*/ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y *a*/

CAN!N 10. A AWYE" !WES CAN$!", FA#"NESS AN$ !!$FA#TH T! THE C!U"T.

"u(/ 10.01 = A (a7y/r a(( no* o any a(/oo nor %on/n* *o*/ o)n o any )n %our* nor a(( / &)(/a, or a((o7 */ Cour**o / &)(/ y any ar*)?%/. Ca$EAT

"u(/ 10.02 = A (a7y/r a(( no* no7)n(y &)uo*/ or&)r/'r//n* */ %on*/n* o a 'a'/r, */ (anua/ or */aru&/n* o an o''o)n %oun/(, or */ */D* o a /%))on orau*or)*y, or no7)n(y %)*/ a a (a7 a 'ro+))on a(r/ay r/n/r/)no'/ra*)+/ y r/'/a( or a&/n&/n*, or a/r* a a a%* *a* 7)%a no* //n 'ro+/.

or/o+/r, */ r/%or o7 *a* r/'on/n* u/ oG/n)+/(anua/ )n ) '(/a)n )n /%r))n %o&'(a)nan* an /rr/(a*)+/. A (a7y/r@ (anua/ ou( / or%/u( u* )n)?/,/&'a*)% u* r/'/%*u( a /?**)n an a+o%a*/ an )n //')n7)* */ )n)*y o */ (/a( 'ro/)on. T/ (a7y/r@ aru&/n*7/*/r 7r)**/n or ora( ou( / ra%)ou *o o* %our* ano''o)n %oun/( an ou( / o u% 7or a &ay / 'ro'/r(yar// y on/ /n*(/&an *o ano*/r. 10 y %a(()n%o&'(a)nan*, a 8(y &an)'u(a*or o *ru*8 a 7/(( a a 8+)n)%*)+/%on/n)*a( 'r/+ar)%a*or8, ar(y &/aur/ *o */ or)/*y o '//% /&an/ o a (a7y/r.

"/'on/n*@ a%*)on /ro/ */ 'u()% '/r%/'*)on o */ (/a('ro/)on. T/y %on*)*u*/ ro &)%onu%* an */ an%*)on oru% &a(/aan%/ ) 'r/%r)/ y S/%*)on 2I, "u(/ 13 o */"u(/ o Cour* 7)% *a*/

SEC. 2I. $)ar&/n* an u'/n)on o a**orn/y y Su'r/&/Cour*, roun */r/or/. = A &/&/r o */ ar &ay / )arr/or u'/n/ ro& ) o;%/ a a**orn/y y */ Su'r/&/ Cour* orany /%/)*, &a('ra%*)%/ or o*/r ro &)%onu%* )n u% o;%/,ro(y )&&ora( %onu%* or y r/aon o ) %on+)%*)on o a %r)&/)n+o(+)n &ora( *ur')*u/, or or any +)o(a*)on o */ oa* 7)% /) r/u)r/ *o *a/ /or/ */ a&))on *o 'ra%*)%/, or or a 7)((u()o/)/n%/ a''/ar)n a a**orn/y or a 'ar*y 7)*ou* au*or)*y*o o o.

Con)/r)n */ a**/nan* %)r%u&*an%/, 7/ ar// 7)* */r/%o&&/na*)on o */ #B oar o o+/rnor *a* r/'on/n*ou( / u'/n/ ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7. Ho7/+/r, 7/ ?n*a* */ '/r)o o )D y/ar ) *oo ar a '/na(*y. #n*/a,u'/n)on or */ (//r '/r)o o *7o y/ar, 7)% 7/ //&%o&&/nura*/ *o */ oG/n/ %o&&)**/, ) /r/y )&'o/ on

r/'on/n*. TSE%A$

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WHE"EF!"E, )n +)/7 o a(( */ or/o)n, A**y. Ja&/ /n/)%* C.F(or)o ) SUSBEN$E$ ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7 or a '/r)o o *7oK2L y/ar.

/* %o')/ o *) r/o(u*)on / /n*/r/ )n */ '/rona( r/%or o r/'on/n* a a &/&/r o */ ar an urn)/ */ arCon?an*, */ #n*/ra*/ ar o */ B)()'')n/ K#BL an */ Cour*A&)n)*ra*or or %)r%u(a*)on *o a(( %our* o */ %oun*ry.

S! !"$E"E$.

KHu/yu7an-F(or)o +. F(or)o, A.C. No. 5624, January 20, 2004L

[.". No. 1236. Auu* 5, 1.]

ETE"NA A"$ENS E!"#A BA"> C!"B!"AT#!N, '/*)*)on/r, +.C!U"T !F ABBEAS an SBS. ##A SE<#A an J!SESEE#N, r/'on/n*.

"u'/r*o . ar*)n an $onaro ". Ba()na7an or '/*)*)on/r.

Jo/ <. ar%/((a or 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*.

SYN!BS#S

B/*)*)on/r ) */ *ran/r// o a (o* u/%* o a %o&'(a)n* oru)/*)n o *)*(/ an /%(ara*)on o nu(()*y /*7//n 'r)+a*/r/'on/n* an C/n*ra( $y/)n an F)n))n Cor'ora*)on. Ano*)%/ o () '/n/n 7a anno*a*/ on B/*)*)on/r@ *)*(/. Ju&/n*7a r/n/r/ )n a+or o 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*. #* 7a a;r&/ yo* */ Cour* o A''/a( an */ Su'r/&/ Cour*. W/n a 7r)* o 'o/)on:r/a o'/n or/r 7a )u/ y */ *r)a( %our*,'/*)*)on/r o''o/ */ a&/ %on*/n)n *a* )* 7a a uy/r )noo a)* an no* )&'(/a/ a 'ar*y. T/ &o*)on, o7/+/r, 7aran*/. B/*)*)on/r 7/n* *o */ Cour* o A''/a( )n a '/*)*)onor %/r*)orar) 7)% r/n/r/ u&/n* )&))n */ '/*)*)on a7/(( a )* u/u/n* &o*)on or r/%on)/ra*)on. #* a''/a( *o *)Cour* 7a /n)/ an a**a)n/ ?na()*y. W/n an a()a 7r)* o /D/%u*)on 7a )u/ u/u/n*(y y */ %our*, '/*)*)on/r aa)n?(/ a '/*)*)on or %/r*)orar) 7)* */ Cour* o A''/a( aru)na&on o*/r *a* )* 7a no* a 'ar*y *o */ %a/, *a* */ /%))ono */ *r)a( %our* )n a) %a/ n/+/r &ana*/ C/n*ra( $y/)n *o

/()+/r 'o/)on o */ 'ro'/r*y *o */ 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n* an*a* 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*@ *)*(/ ) /)n u/*)on/ )n ano*/r %a/. T/ Cour* o A''/a( )&)/ */ '/*)*)on on roun o ?na()*y o u&/n* o */ (o7/r %our*. B/*)*)on/r &o+/ or r/%on)/ra*)onu* 7a /n)/. H/n%/, aa)n *) r/%our/ y '/*)*)on/r. #n */&/an*)&/ */ a()a 7r)* o 'o/)on an a()a 7r)* o /D/%u*)on7a u(y )&'(/&/n*/ y */ S/r)G. %S#T$a

!n%/ a %our* r/n/r a ?na( u&/n*, a(( */ )u/ /*7//n ora&on */ 'ar*)/ ar/ //&/ r/o(+/ an )* u)%)a( un%*)on7)* r/'/%* *o any &a**/r r/(a*/ *o */ %on*ro+/ry ()*)a*/%o&/ *o an /n.

B(a%)n 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n* )n 'o/)on o */ (an )n u/*)on )*/ n/%/ary an (o)%a( /G/%* or %on/u/n%/ o */ /%))on )nC)+)( Ca/ No. C-2I /%(ar)n */& a */ r)*u( o7n/r o */'ro'/r*y. A %orr/%*(y aru/ y */ 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*, */y o

no* a+/ *o )n*)*u*/ ano*/r a%*)on or */ 'ur'o/ o *a)n'o/)on o */ u/%* r/a(*y.

T/ '/n/n%y o C)+)( Ca/ No. C-1133I or annu(&/n* o *)*(/?(/ y */ "/'u()% aa)n* 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n* 7)(( no* u*)y*/ u'/n)on o */ /D/%u*)on o */ u&/n* )n C)+)( Ca/ No.C-2I. T) ) o /%au/ */ '/*)*)on/r@ *)*(/ 7)% or))na*/ro& C/n*ra( $y/)n KTCT No. 20542L 7a a(r/ay annu((/ )n */

u&/n* ou* *o / /D/%u*/, an 7)% u&/n* a (on//n a;r&/ y */ Cour* o A''/a( an y *) Cour*. Tu,/+/n ), )n */ r/&o*/ 'o))()*y, */ *r)a( %our* 7)(( nu(()y */ a)'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*@ *)*(/ )n C)+)( Ca/ No. C-1133I, a aru/ y'/*)*)on/r, */ u''o/ a+/r/ /%))on %anno* +a()a*/ TCT No.20542 an &a/ '/*)*)on/r */ r)*u( o7n/r o */ u/%* (an.C(/ar(y, */ 'r//n* '/*)*)on 7a )n*)*u*/ &/r/(y *o /(ay *//D/%u*)on o */ u&/n*.

/ *a* a )* &ay, */ '/*)*)on a //n r/n/r/ &oo* ana%a/&)% )n +)/7 o */ a%* *a* */ u/*)on/ A()a Wr)* o Bo/)on a*/ $/%/&/r 2I, 14 an */ A()a Wr)* o ED/%u*)on a*/ $/%/&/r 2I, 14 a+/ a(r/ay //n)&'(/&/n*/ y */ S/r)G a o7n y */ 8S/r)G@ "/*urn,8a*/ ar% 31, 15, 7)* */ a**a%/ 8Turn !+/r Br/&)/8)n)%a*)n */r/)n *a* 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n* *oo 'o/)on o */u/%* 'ro'/r*y. aCH$ST

SYAUS

1. "EE$#A AW C#<# B"!CE$U"E JU$ENT #N A F#NA JU$ENT, A #SSUES A"E $EEE$ "ES!<E$. = #* ) a /**(/ru(/ *a* on%/ a %our* r/n/r a ?na( u&/n*, a(( */ )u//*7//n or a&on */ 'ar*)/ /or/ )* ar/ //&/ r/o(+/ an)* u)%)a( un%*)on 7)* r/'/%* *o any &a**/r r/(a*/ *o */%on*ro+/ry ()*)a*/ %o&/ *o an /n.

2. #$. #$. #$. A NECESSA"Y AN$ !#CA EFFECTS !"C!NSEOUENCES #NCU$E$ THE"E#N. = B(a%)n 'r)+a*/r/'on/n* )n 'o/)on o */ (an )n u/*)on ) */ n/%/aryan (o)%a( /G/%* or %on/u/n%/ o */ /%))on )n C)+)( Ca/ No.C-2I /%(ar)n */& a */ r)*u( o7n/r o */ 'ro'/r*y. A%orr/%*(y aru/ y */ 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*, */y o no* a+/ *o)n*)*u*/ ano*/r a%*)on or */ 'ur'o/ o *a)n 'o/)on o */

u/%* r/a(*y. SEAH#$

3. #$. #$. #$. N!T AFFECTE$ Y BEN$ENCY !F AN!THE" ACT#!NF!" ANNUENT !F T#TES ETWEEN THE "EBU#C AN$B"E$ECESS!". = T/ '/n/n%y o C)+)( Ca/ No. C-1133I orannu(&/n* o *)*(/ ?(/ y */ "/'u()% aa)n* 'r)+a*/r/'on/n* 7)(( no* u*)y */ u'/n)on o */ /D/%u*)on o */

u&/n* )n C)+)( Ca/ No. C-2I. T) ) o /%au/ */'/*)*)on/r@ *)*(/ 7)% or))na*/ ro& C/n*ra( $y/)n KTCT No.20542L 7a a(r/ay annu((/ )n */ u&/n* ou* *o //D/%u*/, an 7)% u&/n* a (on //n a;r&/ y */Cour* o A''/a( an y *) Cour*. Tu, /+/n ), )n */ r/&o*/'o))()*y, */ *r)a( %our* 7)(( nu(()y */ a) 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*@*)*(/ )n C)+)( Ca/ No. C-1133I, a aru/ y '/*)*)on/r, */u''o/ a+/r/ /%))on %anno* +a()a*/ TCT No. 20542 an&a/ '/*)*)on/r */ r)*u( o7n/r o */ u/%* (an. C(/ar(y, */'r//n* '/*)*)on 7a )n*)*u*/ &/r/(y *o /(ay */ /D/%u*)on o

*/ u&/n*.

4. #$. SBEC#A C#<# ACT#!N CE"T#!"A"# BET#T#!N "EN$E"E$!!T AN$ ACA$E#C WHE"E W"#T !F EPECUT#!N HAS EEN#BEENTE$. = / *a* a )* &ay, */ '/*)*)on a //nr/n/r/ &oo* an a%a/&)% )n +)/7 o */ a%* *a* */u/*)on/ A()a Wr)* o Bo/)on a*/ $/%/&/r 2I, 14 an*/ A()a Wr)* o ED/%u*)on a*/ $/%/&/r 2I, 14 a+/ a(r/ay//n )&'(/&/n*/ y */ S/r)G a o7n y */ 8S/r)G@"/*urn,8 a*/ ar% 31, 15, 7)* */ a**a%/ 8Turn !+/r

Br/&)/8 )n)%a*)n */r/)n *a* 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n* *oo'o/)on o */ u/%* 'ro'/r*y.

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T/ %a/ *ar*/ on ay 1, 11 7/n 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*-'ou/ Jo/ S//()n an )()a S/+)((a S//()n ?(/ a %o&'(a)n*aa)n* C/n*ra( $y/)n R F)n))n Cor'ora*)on KC/n*ra( $y/)n orr/+)*yL or u)/*)n o *)*(/ an or /%(ara*)on o nu(()*y o Tran/rC/r*)?%a*/ o T)*(/ KTCT No. 20542L )u/ )n */ na&/ o a)%or'ora*)on, o%/*/ a C)+)( Ca/ No. C-2I, /or/ */"/)ona( Tr)a( Cour* o Ca(oo%an C)*y. %')(

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$/%(ar)n */ //nan*@ C/r*)?%a*/ o T)*(/ No. 20542 nu(( an+o).

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T/ "TC /%))on, a+)n /%o&/ ?na( an /D/%u*ory, 'r)+a*/r/'on/n* &o+/ or /D/%u*)on 7)% 7a ran*/ y */ (o7/r%our*. A%%or)n(y, a 7r)* o /D/%u*)on o */ /%))on 7a )u/.

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T/ &o*)on 7a o''o/ y /r/)n '/*)*)on/r E*/rna( ar/n/&or)a( Bar Cor'ora*)on %on*/n)n *a* )* ) no* u&)**)n *o*/ ur))%*)on o */ *r)a( %our* *a* )* ) %o&'(/*/(y una7ar/ o */ u)* /*7//n 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n* an C/n*ra( $y/)n *a* )* )*/ *ru/ an r/)*/r/ o7n/r o */ (o* a+)n ou* */ a&/ro& C/n*ra( $y/)n an *a* )* 7a a uy/r )n oo a)*.

!n Ju(y 1, 12, */ *r)a( %our* ran*/ 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*@&o*)on. Ano*/r !r/r 7a )u/ on Auu* 1, 12 y */ *r)a(%our* o()n *a* */ u&/n* 7a )n)n on '/*)*)on/r, /)n*/ u%%/or-)n-)n*/r/* o //nan* C/n*ra( $y/)n 'uruan* *o"u(/ 3, S/%*)on 4KL o */ "/+)/ "u(/ o Cour*.

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8W/ r/+)/7/ %ar/u((y */ aa)(/ or/r an ?n no %o&'/(()nr/aon *o )*ur */ a&/. #n//, )n%/ '/*)*)on/r a&)* *a* )*ou* */ 'ro'/r*y ro& C/n*ra( $y/)n an F)n))nCor'ora*)on, //nan* )n C)+)( Ca/ No. C-2I, '/*)*)on/r )

oun y */ /%))on r/n/r/ */r/)n y r/'on/n* Ju/. %*a)

Un/r S/%*)on 20, "u(/ 3, "/+)/ "u(/ o Cour*, a*ran/r// '/n/n*/ ()*/ o/ no* a+/ *o / )n%(u/ or)&'(/a/ y na&/ )n or/r *o / oun y */ u&/n* /%au/*/ a%*)on or u)* &ay / %on*)nu/ or or aa)n* */ or))na('ar*y or */ *ran/ror an *)(( / )n)n on */ *ran/r//.8 5

T/ &o*)on or r/%on)/ra*)on 7a a(o /n)/ y */ Cour* o A''/a( on F/ruary 1, 13. 6

!n ur*/r a''/a( *o *) Cour*, '/*)*)on/r@ '/*)*)on or r/+)/7 on%/r*)orar), o%/*/ a .". No. 100I6, 7a /n)/ )n a r/o(u*)ona*/ Auu* 2, 13. I U'on ?na()*y o a) r/o(u*)on, *) Cour*)u/ En*ry o Ju&/n* a*/ !%*o/r 21, 13.

T/r/a*/r, 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n* ?(/ ano*/r &o*)on or */)uan%/ o a /%on 7r)* o /D/%u*)on /or/ */ *r)a( %our* 7)%7a ran*/ )n */ !r/r o Ju(y 20, 14.

No* 7)(()n *o )+/ u', '/*)*)on/r ou* a r/%on)/ra*)on.B/*)*)on/r@ &o*)on 7a )n)*)a((y ran*/ on Auu* 2, 14 y*/ *r)a( %our* *ru Ju/ Ar*uro "o&/ro. Ho7/+/r, u'on &o*)on o 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*, */ a) or/r 7a r/%on)/r/ on $/%/&/r

1, 14 10 y Ju/ E&)()o . /a%on, Jr., 7o u%%/// Ju/"o&/ro. For*7)*, a()a 7r)* o /D/%u*)on 7/r/ )u/

$/'/ra*/(y n//)n a a+ora(/ u&/n*, '/*)*)on/r, or *//%on *)&/, ?(/ a '/*)*)on or %/r*)orar) 11 7)* r/'on/n* Cour*o A''/a( Ko%/*/ a CA-.". SB No. 3651L, aru)n )n*/r a()a*a* */ u&/n* %anno* / /D/%u*/ aa)n* )* /%au/ )* 7ano* a 'ar*y *o C)+)( Ca/ No. C-2I *a* */ /%))on o */ *r)a(%our* )n a) %a/ n/+/r &ana*/ C/n*ra( $y/)n *o /()+/r'o/)on o */ 'ro'/r*y *o */ 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n* *a* %/r*a)na%* an %)r%u&*an%/ 7)% o%%urr/ a*/r */ ?na()*y o */

u&/n* 7)(( r/n/r */ /D/%u*)on )(y unu*, )((/a( an)n/u)*a(/ *a* */ )uan%/ o */ aa)(/ 7r)* o /D/%u*)on+)o(a*/ */ (o* uy/r@ r//o& o r/())on an 7or)' an *a*'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*@ *)*(/ ) /)n u/*)on/ )n ano*/r %a/.

!n S/'*/&/r 2, 15, */ r/'on/n* %our* r/n/r/

u&/n* 12 )&))n */ '/*)*)on or %/r*)orar) on */ roun*a* */ (o7/r %our*@ /%))on )n C)+)( Ca/ No. 2I a (on/%o&/ ?na( an /D/%u*ory. #* ru(/, *u C'r

8T) Cour* n// K)%L no* /(aor */ a%* *a* */ r/'on/n*Cour*@ /%))on )n C)+)( Ca/ No. 2I a (on /%o&/ ?na( an/D/%u*ory. T/ r/'on/n* %our*@ 7r)* o /D/%u*)on an'o/)on %ou( a+/ //n )&'(/&/n*/ a (on *)&/ ao ) no* or*/ /r)/ o (/a( &an/u+/r o '/* )* )on/r E*/rna(ar/n. . . . B/*)*)on/r E*/rna( ar/n %anno* any&or/ *o' *//D/%u*)on o a ?na( u&/n* y ra))n )u/ 7)% a%*ua((y a+///n ru(/ u'on y *) Cour* )n )* /ar()/r %a/ 7)* U )n CA-.". SB No. 2II. To !ur &)n, */ )n*an* '/*)*)on ) a &/r/%on*)nua*)on o '/*)*)on/r@ )(a*ory *a%*)% o *a* '(a)n*)G,a(*ou 'r/+a)()n 'ar*y, 7)(( no* /n/?* a* a(( ro& a ?na(

u&/n* )n */)r a+or. Tu, */ )n*an* '/*)*)on ) o+)ou(y,r)+o(ou an )(a*ory 7arran*)n */ a/&/n* o ou(/ %o* o

*) u)* aa)n* '/*)*)on/r S/%. 3, "u(/ 142 o */ "/+)/ "u(/ o Cour*L

or/o+/r, a &an)/*/ y */ '(a)n*)G, /r/)n 'r)+a*/r/'on/n*, */ )n*an* '/*)*)on a a(r/ay /%o&/ &oo* ana%a/&)% a */ 'ro'/r*y )n u/*)on 7a a(r/ay *urn/ o+/r y*/ $/'u*y S/r)G *o */ '(a)n*)G, an */ 7r)* o /D/%u*)on an'o/)on u((y a*)?/. Tu, o'/u((y, 'u**)n */ (/a( a**(/o *) %a/ *o r/*.8 KE&'a) our.L

T/ &o*)on or r/%on)/ra*)on 7a ()/7)/ /n)/ on January 30,16. 13

B/*)*)on/r on%/ aa)n // *) Cour*@ )n*/r+/n*)on r/)*/ra*)n )n//n%/ */ a&/ ()n/ o aru&/n* /'ou/ )n */)r '/*)*)on/or/ */ r/'on/n* Cour* o A''/a(.

T/ '/*)*)on &u* a)(.

#* ) a /**(/ ru(/ *a* on%/ a %our* r/n/r a ?na( u&/n*, a((*/ )u/ /*7//n or a&on */ 'ar*)/ /or/ )* ar/ //&/r/o(+/ an )* u)%)a( un%*)on 7)* r/'/%* *o any &a**/rr/(a*/ *o */ %on*ro+/ry ()*)a*/ %o&/ *o an /n.

B/*)*)on/r@ aru&/n* *a* */ *r)a( %our* %anno* or/r )* an */on/ unr/ K100L &/&or)a( (o* o7n/r *o urr/n/r an:or /()+/r'o/)on o */ 'ro'/r*y )n )'u*/ on */ roun *a* */y 7/r/

n/+/r 'ar*)/ *o */ %a/ /*7//n 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n* an C/n*ra($y/)n, a (on //n r/o(+/ y r/'on/n* Cour* o A''/a( )nCA-.". SB No. 2II 7/n )* ru(/

8#n//, )n%/ '/*)*)on/r a&)* *a* )* ou* */ 'ro'/r*y ro&C/n*ra( $y/)n an F)n))n Cor'ora*)on, //nan* )n C)+)( Ca/No. C-2I, '/*)*)on/r ) oun y */ /%))on r/n/r/ */r/)n yr/'on/n* Ju/.

8Un/r S/%*)on 20, "u(/ 3, "/+)/ "u(/ o Cour*, a*ran/r// '/n/n*/ ()*/ o/ no* a+/ *o / )n%(u/ or)&'(/a/ y na&/ )n or/r *o / oun y */ u&/n* /%au/*/ a%*)on or u)* &ay / %on*)nu/ or or aa)n* */ or))na('ar*y or */ *ran/ror an *)(( / )n)n on */ *ran/r//.8 14

T/ aor/a) /%))on 7a a;r&/ y *) Cour* )n .". No.100I6 an a**a)n/ ?na()*y on !%*o/r 21, 13. T/r/ ),

*/r/or/, no n// or u *o /(aor */ a&/ ) u/ /r/.

Fur*/r, '/*)*)on/r@ %on*/n*)on *a* a /*/r&)na*)on o */ ) u/ o 'o/)on ou( ?r* / r/o(+/ /or/ */ )uan%/ o a 7r)* o 'o/)on ) un*/na(/.

B(a%)n 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n* )n 'o/)on o */ (an )n u/*)on )*/ n/%/ary an (o)%a( /G/%* or %on/u/n%/ o */ /%))on )nC)+)( Ca/ No. C-2I /%(ar)n */& a */ r)*u( o7n/r o */'ro'/r*y. A %orr/%*(y aru/ y */ 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*, */y ono* a+/ *o )n*)*u*/ ano*/r a%*)on or */ 'ur'o/ o *a)n'o/)on o */ u/%* r/a(*y. 'r

B/*)*)on/r ()/7)/ a/r* *a* %/r*a)n a%* an %)r%u&*an%/*ran')r/ a*/r */ ?na()*y o u&/n* )n C)+)( Ca/ No. C-2I7)% 7)(( r/n/r */ /D/%u*)on o */ a) u&/n* unu* an)((/a(. #* 'o)n* *o */ '/n/n%y or C)+)( Ca/ No. C-1133I /or/

*/ "/)ona( Tr)a( Cour* o Ca(oo%an C)*y ?(/ y */ "/'u()% o */ B)()'')n/ aa)n* 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n* or nu(()?%a*)on o 22*)*(/ 7)% )n%(u/ */ *)*(/ *o */ u/%* 'ro'/r*y. B/*)*)on/raru/ *a* */ '/n/n%y o */ a) %a/ 'ro+)/ a r/aona(/

u*)?%a*)on 7y /D/%u*)on o */ aor/a) u&/n* an /()+/ryo 'o/)on o */ u/%* 'ro'/r*y ou( / '/r&an/n*(y*ay/ or a* (/a* /( )n a/yan%/ un*)( a*/r */ ?na( r/o(u*)ono */ %a/.

W/ o no* ar//.

T/ '/n/n%y o C)+)( Ca/ No. C-1133I or annu(&/n* o *)*(/?(/ y */ "/'u()% aa)n* 'r)+a*/ r/'on/n* 7)(( no* u*)y */u'/n)on o */ /D/%u*)on o */ u&/n* )n C)+)( Ca/ No. C-2I. T) ) o /%au/ */ '/*)*)on/r@ *)*(/ 7)% or))na*/ ro&C/n*ra( $y/)n KTCT No. 20542L 7a a(r/ay annu((/ )n */

u&/n* ou* *o / /D/%u*/, an 7)% u&/n* a (on//n a;r&/ y */ Cour* o A''/a( an y *) Cour*. Tu,



































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/+/n ), )n */ r/&o*/ 'o))()*y, */ *r)a( %our* 7)(( nu(()y */ a)'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*@ *)*(/ )n C)+)( Ca/ No. C-1133I, a aru/ y'/*)*)on/r, */ u''o/ a+/r/ /%))on %anno* +a()a*/ TCT No.20542 an &a/ '/*)*)on/r */ r)*u( o7n/r o */ u/%* (an.C(/ar(y, */ 'r//n* '/*)*)on 7a )n*)*u*/ &/r/(y *o /(ay *//D/%u*)on o */ u&/n*.

F)na((y, '/*)*)on/r@ /ar *a* */ ra+/ (o* 7)(( / )*ur/,

//%ra*/ an /*roy/ on%/ */ /D/%u*)on o */ u&/n*'ro%// ) &or/ )&a)n/ *an r/a(. A '/rua( o */ !r/r o */ *r)a( %our* 7)* r/ar *o */ /D/%u*)on o */ u&/n* r/+/a(*a* */ )n*/r/* o a) ur)a( (o* o7n/r a+/ //n *a/n )n*oa%%oun* y */ *r)a( %our* 7/n )* *oo */' an &a/u/*)on a *o o7 */)r r)* %ou( / a&'(y 'ro*/%*/. #n )*!r/r a*/ F/ruary 13, 15, */ *r)a( %our*, *rou Ju/E&)()o . /a%on, Jr., *a*/

8T/ //nan*-'/*)*)on/r ar/K)%L o7/+/r no* %o&'(/*/(y 7) *ou*r/%our/ or r/&/y /%au/ */y %an *)(( o a*/r */ or))na('ar*y-//nan* or *ran/ror o */ 'ro'/r*y )n u/*)on 7)% )C/n*ra( $y/)n an F)n))n Cor'ora*)on 'uruan* *o S/%*)on 20,"u(/ 3 o */ "u(/ o Cour*. An ou( )* / );%u(* or nay)&'o)(/ or '(a)n*)G-r/'on/n* *o / '(a%/ )n 'o/)on o */ u/%* 'ro'/r*y, u/ *o //nan*-'/*)*)on/r@ aru&/n* *a**/ a&/ a+/ a(r/ay //n o( *o ur)a( (o* uy/r, */n )*

ou( / )n%u&/n* or */ //nan*-'/*)*)on/r *o n/o*)a*/7)* */ '(a)n*)G-r/'on/n* or 'ay&/n* )n %a o */ 'ro'/r*yu/%* o */)r %o&'(a)n* *o a+o) /&o()*)on or //%ra*)on )n%/*/y /n/?*/ ro& */ a(/ o */ ur)a( (o*.8 15

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A no*/ o %au*)on. T) %a/ a aa)n /(ay/ */ /D/%u*)on o a?na( u&/n* or /+/n*//n K1IL y/ar *o */ 'r/u)%/ o */'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*. #n */ &/an*)&/ *a* '/*)*)on/r a *7ar*//D/%u*)on, )n*/r&/n* on */ )'u*/ (o* a (on //n o)n on,o *a* y */ *)&/ *) %a/ ) ?na((y */r&)na*/, */ 7o(/ (o*a(( a+/ a(r/ay //n ?((/ 7)* *o&*on/, (/a+)n no*)n or'r)+a*/ r/'on/n*, */ r/a( o7n/r o */ 'ro'/r*y. T) ) a&o%/ry o u*)%/. %r/'

W/ no*/ *a* 7)(/ (a7y/r o7/ /n*)r/ /+o*)on *o */ )n*/r/* o */)r %()/n* an M/a( )n */ //n/ o */)r %()/n*@ r)*, */you( no* or/* *a* */y ar/ o;%/r o */ %our*, oun *o /D/r*/+/ry /Gor* *o a)* )n */ '//y an /;%)/n* a&)n)*ra*)on o

u*)%/. T/y ou( no*, */r/or/, &)u/ */ ru(/ o 'ro%/ur/*o //a* */ /n o u*)%/ or unu(y /(ay a %a/, )&'// *//D/%u*)on o a u&/n* or &)u/ %our* 'ro%//. 20 #n anoan

/* a(. +. C/rna, /* a(., 21 7/ ru(/

8A o;%/r o */ %our*, (a7y/r a+/ a r/'on))()*y *o a)* )n*/ 'ro'/r a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/. T/y o no* )%ar/ *)u*y y ?()n 'o)n*(/ '/*)*)on *a* on(y a *o */ 7or(oa o */ u)%)ary, /'/%)a((y *) Cour*, 7)% ) ur/n/ /nou a )*). A u)%)ou *uy o */ a%* an */ (a7 ou( a+)/ */&7/n a %a/ u% a *), ou( no* / '/r&)**/ *o / ?(/ *o&/r/(y %(u**/r */ a(r/ay %on/*/ u)%)a( o%/*. T/y o no*a+an%/ */ %au/ o (a7 or */)r %()/n* y %o&&/n%)n()*)a*)on *a* or //r (a% o &/r)* o no* //r+/ */ a**/n*)ono */ %our*.8

WHE"EF!"E, */ '/*)*)on ) /r/y $EN#E$.

S! !"$E"E$.

KE*/rna( ar/n /&or)a( Bar Cor'. +. Cour* o A''/a(, .".No. 1236, Auu* 05, 1L

[.". No. -2I654. F/ruary 1, 1I0.]

#N THE ATTE" !F B"!CEE$#N F!" $#SC#B#NA"Y ACT#!NAA#NST ATTY. <#CENTE "AU AACEN )n -2I654, ANT!N#! H.CAE"! +. <#"#N#A Y. YABT#NCHAY.

SYAUS

1. "EE$#A AW SUSBENS#!N AN$ $#SA"ENT #NUTE"ES!UT#!NS N!T $EC#S#!NS W#TH#N THE EAN#N !F THEC!NST#TUT#!N. = Sor* r/o(u*)on or, )n %urr/n* Cour* 'ra%*)%/,&)nu*/ 8r/o(u*)on,8 ar/ no* /%))on 7)*)n */ ao+/%on*)*u*)ona( r/u)r/&/n*. T/y &/r/(y o( *a* */ '/*)*)on orr/+)/7 ou( no* / /n*/r*a)n/ )n +)/7 o */ 'ro+))on o "u(/46 o */ "u(/ o Cour*. A '/*)*)on *o r/+)/7 */ /%))on o */

Cour* o A''/a( ) no* a &a**/r o r)*, u* o oun u)%)a()%r/*)on. An o, */r/ ) no n// *o u((y /D'(a)n */ Cour*@/n)a(.

2. #$. #$. "EOU#"EENTS !F THE "UE !N SE"<#CE !FBEA$#NS, AN$AT!"Y. = A a (a7 'ra%*)*)on/r 7o 7aa&)**/ *o */ ar a ar a% a 141, A**y. A(&a%/n n/7 = orou* *o a+/ no7n = *a* or a &o*)on or r/%on)/ra*)on *o

*ay */ runn)n o */ '/r)o o a''/a(, */ &o+an* &u* no* on(y/r+/ a %o'y o */ &o*)on u'on */ a+/r/ 'ar*y K7)% / )L,u* a(o no*)y */ a+/r/ 'ar*y o */ *)&/ an '(a%/ o /ar)nK7)% a&)**/(y / ) no*L. S)n%/ */r/ ) (a% o no*)%/ )n *)r/ar, */ Cour* %anno* a%* u'on a) &o*)on = or )* ) no*)nu* a u/(/ ')/%/ o 'a'/r. # A**y. A(&a%/n a)(/ *o &o+/ */a''/((a*/ %our* *o r/+)/7 */ (o7/r %our*@ u&/n*, / a on(y)&/( *o (a&/. H) o7n n/()/n%/ %au/ */ or/)*ur/ o */r/&/y o a''/a(, 7)%, )n%)/n*a((y, ) no* a &a**/r o r)*.

3. #$. #$. C!U"TS AN$ JU$ES N!T SAC"!SANCT $UTY !FAWYE" THE"ET!. = Cour* an u/ ar/ no* a%roan%*. T/you( an /D'/%* %r)*)%a( /+a(ua*)on o */)r '/ror&an%/. For ()/*/ /D/%u*)+/ an */ (/)(a*)+/ ran%/, */ u)%)ary ) roo*/)n */ o)( o /&o%ra*)% o%)/*y, nour)/ y */ '/r)o)%a''ra)a( o */ %)*)M/n 7o& )* ) /D'/%*/ *o /r+/. Cr)*)%)& o */ %our* ) an )&'or*an* 'ar* o */ *ra)*)ona( 7or o */

(a7y/r. #n */ 'ro/%u*)on o a''/a(, / 'o)n* ou* */ /rror o (o7/r %our*. H/n%/, a a %)*)M/n an a an o;%/r o */ %our*, a(a7y/r ) /D'/%*/ no* on(y *o /D/r%)/ */ r)*, u* a(o *o%on)/r )* ) u*y *o a+a)( o u% r)*.

4. #$. #$. NATU"E AN$ STAN$A"$S !F C"#T#C#S T!WA"$S THEC!U"T. = T/ %ar)na( %on)*)on o a(( u% %r)*)%)& )r/%*/aa)n* */ Cour* or )* u/ *a* )* a(( / ona ?/ an a((no* ')(( o+/r */ 7a(( o /%/n%y an 'ro'r)/*y. A 7)/ %a&/D)* /*7//n a)r %r)*)%)&, on */ on/ an, an au/ an(an/r o %our* an */ u/ */r/o, on */ o*/r. #n*/&'/ra*/an una)r %r)*)%)& ) a ro +)o(a*)on o */ u*y o r/'/%* *o%our*. #* ) u% a &)%onu%* *a* u/%* a (a7y/r *o)%)'()nary a%*)on.

5. #$. #$. $UT#ES AN$ "ESB!NS###T#ES !F EE"S !F THEA". = /&/r)' )n */ ar )&'o/ u'on a '/ron o()a*)on

an u*)/ 7)% ar/ no* &/r/ 9uD an /r&/n*. H) )n+/*)*ur/)n*o */ (/a( 'ro/)on '(a%/ u'on ) ou(/r no ur/n &or/a)%, &or/ /Da%*)n an &or/ )&'/ra*)+/ *an *a* o r/'/%*u(/a+)or *o7ar */ %our*. H/ +o7 o(/&n(y *o %onu%* )&/( 87)* a(( oo ?/()*y . . . *o */ %our*.8 T/ "u(/ o Cour*%on*an*(y r/&)n )& *o o/r+/ an &a)n*a)n */ r/'/%* u/ *o%our* o u*)%/ an u)%)a( o;%/r.8 T/ ?r* %anon o (/a(/*)% /no)n )& 8*o &a)n*a)n *o7ar */ %our* a r/'/%*u(a**)*u/, no* or */ a/ o */ */&'orary )n%u&/n* o */

u)%)a( o;%/, u* or */ &a)n*/nan%/ o )* u'r/&/ )&'or*an%/.8A (a7y/r &ay no* )+)/ ) '/rona()*y o a *o / an a**orn/y a*on/ *)&/ an a &/r/ %)*)M/n a* ano*/r. Tu, *a*/&/n* &a/ yan a**orn/y )n 'r)+a*/ %on+/ra*)on or %o&&un)%a*)on or )n */%our/ o a 'o()*)%a( %a&'a)n, ) %ou%/ )n )nu(*)n (anua/ a*o r)n )n*o %orn an )r/'u*/ */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/, &ayu/%* */ a**orn/y *o )%)'()nary a%*)on.























7/23/2019 Canon 10 to 13 full


I

6. #$. #$. B"!FESS#!NA #SC!N$UCT, WHAT C!NST#TUTES. =Bo*-()*)a*)on u**/ran%/ or 'u()%a*)on, &a/ y (a7y/r, %r)*)%a(o */ %our* an */)r u)%)a( a%*ua*)on, 7/*/r a&oun*)n *o a%r)&/ or no*, 7)% *ran%/n */ '/r&))(/ oun o a)r%o&&/n* an (/)*)&a*/ %r)*)%)& an */r/y */n *o r)n */&)n*o )r/'u*/ or *o u+/r* 'u()% %on?/n%/ )n */)r )n*/r)*y an)n */ or/r(y a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/, %on*)*u*/ ra+/'ro/)ona( &)%onu%* 7)% &ay / +))*/ 7)* )ar&/n* or

o*/r (//r a''ro'r)a*/ )%)'()nary an%*)on y */ Su'r/&/Cour* )n */ /D/r%)/ o */ 'r/roa*)+/ )n/r/n* )n )* a */ u(y%on*)*u*/ uar)an o */ &ora( an /*)% o */ (/a(ra*/rn)*y.

I. #$. #$. B"!TECT#<E ANTE !F C!NTEBT C!<E"S BEN$#NAS WE AS $EC#$E$ CASES. = To +)/7 */ o%*r)na( ru(/ *a* */'ro*/%*)+/ &an*(/ o %on*/&'* &ay or)nar)(y / )n+o/ on(yaa)n* %urr)(ou r/&ar or &a()%)ou )nnu/no/ 7)(/ a %our*&u(( o+/r a '/n)n %a/ an no* a*/r */ %on%(u)on */r/o, )/rron/ou. T/ ru(/ *a* ar %on*/&'* a*/r a u)%)a( 'ro%//)na */r&)na*/ a (o* &u% o )* +)*a()*y. A /D'r// y C)/

Ju*)%/ oran, */r/ &ay *)(( / %on*/&'* y 'u()%a*)on /+/na*/r a %a/ a //n */r&)na*/.

. #$. #$. $UTY !F THE C!U"T, N!T !NY T! A$#T UT AS! T!$#SC#B#NE AN$ EPCU$E. = y %on*)*u*)ona( &ana*/, */ Cour*

a */ o(/&n u*y, a&on* o*/r, *o /*/r&)n/ */ ru(/ ora&))on *o */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7. #n/r/n* )n *) 'r/roa*)+/ ) */%orr/'on)n au*or)*y *o )%)'()n/ an /D%(u/ ro& */ 'ra%*)%/o (a7 *o/ 7o a+/ 'ro+/ */&/(+/ un7or*y o %on*)nu/&/&/r)' )n */ ar. #n//, )n *) ur))%*)on, *a* 'o7/r *or/&o+/ or u'/n a r)/n ao+/ /)n a &/r/ )n/r/n* or)n%)/n*a( 'o7/r. #* a //n /(/+a*/ *o an /D'r/ &ana*/ y*/ "u(/ o Cour*.

. #$. #$. NATU"E !F $#SC#B#NA"Y B"!CEE$#N AA#NST AEE" !F THE A". = A%%/n* ou( / (a) on */ a%* *a*)%)'()nary 'ro%//)n ()/ */ 'r//n* ar/ u) /n/r). N/)*/r'ur/(y %)+)( nor 'ur/(y %r)&)na(, *) 'ro%//)n ) no* = an o/no* )n+o(+/ = a *r)a( o an a%*)on or a u)*, u* ) ra*/r an)n+/*)a*)on y */ Cour* )n*o */ %onu%* o )* o;%/r. No* /)n)n*/n/ *o )n9)%* 'un)&/n*, )* ) )n no /n/ a %r)&)na('ro/%u*)on. A%%or)n(y, */r/ ) n/)*/r a '(a)n*)G nor a

'ro/%u*or */r/)n. #* &ay / )n)*)a*/ y */ Cour* &o*u 'ro'r)o.Bu()% )n*/r/* ) )* 'r)&ary o/%*)+/ an */ r/a( u/*)on or/*/r&)na*)on ) 7/*/r or no* */ a**orn/y ) *)(( a ?* '/ron *o/ a((o7/ */ 'r)+)(// a u%. H/n%/, )n */ /D/r%)/ o )*)%)'()nary 'o7/r, */ Cour* &/r/(y %a(( u'on a &/&/r o */ar *o a%%oun* or ) a% *ua*)on a an o;%/r o */ Cour* 7)* *//n )n +)/7 o 'r//r+)n */ 'ur)*y o */ (/a( 'ro/)on an */'ro'/r an on/* a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ y 'ur)n */'ro/)on o &/&/r 7o y */)r &)%onu%* a+/ 'ro+/*/&/(+/ no (on/r 7or*y *o / /n*ru*/ 7)* */ u*)/ anr/'on))()*)/ '/r*a)n)n *o */ o;%/ o an a**orn/y. #n u%'o*ur/, */r/ %an *u / no o%%a)on *o '/a o a %o&'(a)nan*or a 'ro/%u*or.

10. #$. #$. NATU"E AN$ EPTENT !F SANCT#!NS AA#NST AEE" !F THE A", $#SC"ET#!NA"Y UB!N C!U"T. = T/)%r/*)on *o a/ un/r */ %)r%u&*an%/ */ )&'oa(/an%*)on ), o %our/, 'r)&ar)(y ar// *o */ oun )%r/*)on

o */ Cour* 7)%, /)n n/)*/r ar)*rary an /'o*)% nor&o*)+a*/ y '/rona( an)&o)*y or 'r/u)%/, ou( /+/r /%on*ro((/ y */ )&'/ra*)+/ n// *a* */ 'ur)*y an)n/'/n/n%/ o */ ar / %ru'u(ou(y uar/ an */ )n)*yo an r/'/%* u/ *o */ Cour* / M/a(ou(y &a)n*a)n/.

" E S ! U T # ! N

CAST"!, J '

/or/ u ) A**y. <)%/n*/ "au( A(&a%/n@ 8B/*)*)on *o Surr/n/ra7y/r@ C/r*)?%a*/ o T)*(/,8 ?(/ on S/'*/&/r 26, 16I, )n'ro*/* aa)n* 7a* / */r/)n a/r* ) 8a r/a* )nu*)%/%o&&)**/ aa)n* ) %()/n* y *) Su'r/&/ Cour*.8 H/ )n)%**) Cour*, )n ) o7n 'ra/, a a *r)una( 8'/o'(/ y &/n 7oar/ %a((ou/ *o our '(/a or u*)%/, 7o )nor/ 7)*ou* r/aon*/)r o7n a''()%a(/ /%))on an %o&&)* %u('a(/ +)o(a*)on o */ Con*)*u*)on 7)* )&'un)*y.8 H) %()/n*@ / %on*)nu/, 7o 7a//'(y ar)/+/ y *) Cour*@ 8unu* u&/n*,8 a /%o&/8on/ o */ a%r)?%)a( +)%*)& /or/ */ a(*ar o y'o%r)y.8 #n */a&/ r/a* *a* / a((u/ *o */ %(a)% y&o( o u*)%/, /r))%u(/ */ &/&/r o *) Cour*, ay)n 8*a* u*)%/ aa&)n)*/r/ y */ 'r//n* &/&/r o */ Su'r/&/ Cour* ) no*on(y ()n, u* a(o /a an u&.8 H/ */n +o7 *o aru/ */%au/ o ) %()/n* 8)n */ '/o'(/@ oru&,8 o *a* 8*/ '/o'(/ &ay

no7 o */ )(/n* )nu*)%/ %o&&)**/ y *) Cour*,8 an *a*87a*/+/r &)*a/, 7ron an )nu*)%/ *a* 7/r/ %o&&)**/&u* n/+/r / r/'/a*/.8 H/ /n ) '/*)*)on 7) * a 'ray/r *a*

8. . . a r/o(u*)on )u/ or/r)n */ C(/r o Cour* *o r/%/)+/ */%/r*)?%a*/ o */ un/r)n/ a**orn/y an %oun/((or-a*-(a7 #N

T"UST 7)* r//r+a*)on *a* a* any *)&/ )n */ u*ur/ an )n *//+/n* 7/ r/a)n our a)* an %on?/n%/, 7/ &ay r/*r)/+/ our *)*(/*o au&/ */ 'ra%*)%/ o */ no(/* 'ro/)on.8

H/ r/)*/ra*/ an )%(o/ *o */ 'r/ */ %on*/n* o */aor/&/n*)on/ '/*)*)on. Tu, on S/'*/&/r 26, 16I, */ an)(a

T)&/ 'u()/ *a*/&/n* a**r)u*/ *o )&, a o((o7

8<)%/n*/ "au( A(&a%/n, )n an un'r/%//n*/ '/*)*)on, a) / ) )**o /D'o/ */ *r)una(@ un%on*)*u*)ona( an onoD)ou@ 'ra%*)%/o ar)*rar)(y /ny)n'/*)*)on or a''/a( 7)*ou* any r/aon.

8/%au/ o */ *r)una(@ or*-%u* u*)%/,@ A(&a%/n /'(or/,) %()/n* 7a %on/&n/ *o 'ay B120,000, 7)*ou* no7)n 7y/ (o* */ %a/.

DDD DDD DDD

8T/r/ ) no u/ %on*)nu)n ) (a7 'ra%*)%/, A(&a%/n a) )n *)'/*)*)on, 7/r/ our Su'r/&/ Cour* ) %o&'o/ o &/n 7o ar/%a((ou/ *o our '(/a or u*)%/, 7o )nor/ 7)*ou* r/aon */)ro7n a''()%a(/ /%))on an %o&&)* %u('a(/ +)o(a*)on o */Con*)*u*)on 7)* )&'un)*y@.

DDD DDD DDD

8H/ /D'r// */ o'/ *a* y )+/*)n )&/( o ) *)*(/ y7)% / /arn ) ()+)n, */ 'r//n* &/&/r o */ Su'r/&/Cour* 7)(( /%o&/ r/'on)+/ *o a(( %a/ rou* *o )* a**/n*)on7)*ou* )%r)&)na*)on, an 7)(( 'ur/ )*/( o *o/un%on*)*u*)ona( an onoD)ou 8(a% o &/r)*8 or 8/n)/r/o(u*)on.@8 K#*a()% u''()/L

A**y. A(&a%/n@ *a*/&/n* *a*

8. . . our o7n Su'r/&/ Cour* ) %o&'o/ o &/n 7o ar/%a((ou/ *o our '(/a o [)%] u*)%/, 7o )nor/ */)r o7na''()%a(/ /%))on an %o&&)* %u('a(/ +)o(a*)on o */Con*)*u*)on 7)* )&'un)*y,8

7a uo*/ y %o(u&n)* <)%/n*/ A(ano Ba%) )n */ )u/ o */ an)(a Cron)%(/ o S/'*/&/r 2, 16I. #n %onn/%*)on*/r/7)*, Ba%) %o&&/n*/ *a* A**y. A(&a%/n a 8a%%u/ */) *r)una( o oG/n/ o /r)ou *a* */ Cour* &u* %(/ar)*/(,8 an *a* 8) %ar/ ) on/ o */ %on*)*u*)ona( a/ or)&'/a%&/n*.8

T/ /n/) o *) unor*una*/ )n%)/n* 7a a %)+)( %a//n*)*(/ <)r)n)a Y. Ya'*)n%ay +. An*on)o H. Ca(/ro, 1 )n 7)% A**y.A(&a%/n 7a %oun/( or */ //nan*. T/ *r)a( %our*, a*/r u//ar)n, r/n/r/ u&/n* aa)n* ) %()/n*. !n Jun/ 15, 166

A**y. A(&a%/n r/%/)+/ a %o'y o */ /%))on. T7/n*y ay (a*/r,or on Ju(y 6, 166, / &o+/ or )* r/%on)/ra*)on. H/ /r+/ on*/ a+/r/ %oun/( a %o'y o */ &o*)on, u* ) no* no*)y */(a**/r o */ *)&/ an '(a%/ o /ar)n on a) &o*)on. /an7)(/,on Ju(y 1, 166, */ '(a)n*)G &o+/ or /D/%u*)on o */ u&/n*.For 8(a% o 'roo o /r+)%/,8 */ *r)a( %our* /n)/ o* &o*)on.

To 'ro+/ *a* / ) /r+/ on */ a+/r/ 'ar*y a %o'y o ) ?r*&o*)on or r/%on)/ra*)on, A**y. A(&a%/n ?(/ on Auu* 1I, 166a /%on &o*)on or r/%on)/ra*)on *o 7)% / a**a%/ */r/u)r/ r/)*ry r/*urn %ar. T) /%on &o*)on orr/%on)/ra*)on, o7/+/r, 7a or/r/ 7)*ra7n y */ *r)a( %our*on Auu* 30, 166, u'on +/ra( &o*)on o A**y. A(&a%/n )&/(,7o, /ar()/r, *a* ), on Auu* 22, 166, a a(r/ay '/r/%*/ */a''/a(. /%au/ */ '(a)n*)G )n*/r'o/ no o/%*)on *o */ r/%oron a''/a( an a''/a( on, */ *r)a( %our* /(/+a*/ */ %a/ *o */Cour* o A''/a(.

u* */ Cour* o A''/a(, on */ au*or)*y o *) Cour*@ /%))on)n an)(a Sur/*y an F)/()*y Co., #n%. +. a*u Con*ru%*)on R Co.,-16636, Jun/ 24, 165, )&)/ */ a''/a(, )n */ o((o7)n7or

8U'on %on)/ra*)on o */ &o*)on a*/ ar% 2I, 16I, ?(/ y'(a)n*)G-a''/((// 'ray)n *a* */ a''/a( / )&)/, an o */o''o)*)on */r/*o ?(/ y //nan*-a''/((an* */ Cour*"ES!<E$ T! $#S#SS, a )* /r/y )&)/, */ a''/a(, or */r/aon *a* */ &o*)on or r/%on)/ra*)on a*/ Ju(y 6, 166 K''.0-11, 'r)n*/ r/%or on a''/a(L o/ no* %on*a)n a no*)%/ o *)&/an '(a%/ o /ar)n */r/o an ), */r/or/, a u/(/ ')/%/ o 'a'/r Kan)(a Sur/*y R F)/()*y Co., #n%. +. a*u Con*ru%*)on RCo., .". No. -16636, Jun/ 24, 166L, 7)% ) no* )n*/rru'* */runn)n o */ '/r)o *o a''/a(, an, %on/u/n*(y, */ a''/a( 7a'/r/%*/ ou* o *)&/.8





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A**y. A(&a%/n &o+/ *o r/%on)/r *) r/o(u*)on, ur)n*a* an)(a Sur/*y R F)/()*y Co. ) no* /%))+/. A* */ a&/ *)&// ?(/ a '(/a)n /n*)*(/ 8a*/* /%))on o */ Su'r/&/ Cour*)n Su''or* o o*)on or "/%on)/ra*)on,8 %)*)n "/'u()% o */B)()'')n/ +. r/or)o A. </n*uranMa, -2041I, /%)/ y *)Cour* on ay 30, 166, a */ a''()%a(/ %a/. Aa)n, */ Cour* o A''/a( /n)/ */ &o*)on or r/%on)/ra*)on, *u

8/or/ *) Cour* or r/o(u*)on ar/ */ &o*)on a*/ ay , 16Ian */ u''(/&/n* */r/*o o */ a&/ a*/ ?(/ y //nan*-a''/((an*, 'ray)n or r/%on)/ra*)on o */ r/o(u*)on o ay ,16I, )&))n */ a''/a(.

8A''/((an* %on*/n *a* */r/ ar/ o&/ )&'or*an* )*)n%*)on/*7//n *) %a/ an *a* o an)(a Sur/*y an F)/()*y Co., #n%.+. a*u Con*ru%*)on R Co., .". No. -16636, Jun/ 24, 165,r/()/ u'on y *) Cour* )n )* r/o(u*)on o ay , 16I. A''/((an*ur*/r *a*/ *a* )n */ (a*/* %a/, "/'u()% +. </n*uranMa, -2041I, ay 30, 166, /%)/ y */ Su'r/&/ Cour* %on%/rn)n*/ u/*)on ra)/ y a''/((an*@ &o*)on, */ ru()n ) %on*rary *o*/ o%*r)n/ (a) o7n )n */ an)(a Sur/*y R F)/()*y Co., #n%.%a/.

8T/r/ ) no u*an*)a( )*)n%*)on /*7//n *) %a/ an *a* o an)(a Sur/*y R F)/()*y Co.

8#n */ %a/ o "/'u()% +. </n*uranMa, */ r/o(u*)on /ny)n */&o*)on *o )&) */ a''/a(, a/ on roun )&)(ar *o *o/ra)/ /r/)n 7a )u/ on No+/&/r 26, 162, 7)% 7a &u%/ar()/r *an */ a*/ o 'ro&u(a*)on o */ /%))on )n */ an)(aSur/*y Ca/, 7)% 7a Jun/ 24, 165. Fur*/r, */ r/o(u*)on )n*/ </n*uranMa %a/ 7a )n*/r(o%u*ory an */ Su'r/&/ Cour*)u/ )* 7)*ou* 'r/u)%/ *o a''/((//@ r/*or)n */ 'o)n* )n */r)/.@ #n */ &a)n /%))on )n a) %a/ K"/'. +. </n*uranMaL, */Su'r/&/ Cour* 'a/ u'on */ )u/ u )(/n%)o 'r/u&a(y/%au/ o )* 'r)or /%))on %on*rary *o */ r/o(u*)on o No+/&/r 26, 162, on/ o 7)% ) *a* )n */ an)(a Sur/*y anF)/()*y %a/. T/r/or/ "/'u()% +. </n*uranMa ) no au*or)*y on*/ &a**/r )n )u/.8

A**y. A(&a%/n */n a''/a(/ *o *) Cour* y %/r*)orar). W/ r/u/*o *a/ */ %a/, an y &)nu*/ r/o(u*)on /n)/ */ a''/a(.

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urr/n/r/ ) %/r*)?%a*/. Ba*)/n*(y, 7/ 7a)*/ or )& *o &a/oo ) 'roG/r. No 7or %a&/ ro& )&. So / 7a r/&)n/ *o*urn o+/r ) %/r*)?%a*/, 7)% / a /ar()/r +o%)/rou(y oG/r/*o urr/n/r, o *a* *) Cour* %ou( a%* on ) '/*)*)on. To a)r/&)n/r / &an)/*/ 8*a* / a no '/n)n '/*)*)on )n%onn/%*)on 7)* Ca/ .". No. -2I654, Ca(/ro +. Ya'*)n%ay, a)%a/ ) no7 ?na( an /D/%u*ory8 *a* *) Cour*@ S/'*/&/r 2,16I r/o(u*)on ) no* r/u)r/ )& *o o /)*/r a 'o)*)+/ or

n/a*)+/ a%* an *a* )n%/ ) oG/r 7a no* a%%/'*/, / 8%o/*o 'uru/ */ n/a*)+/ a%*.8

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T) Cour* r/o(+/ Kon $/%/&/r IL 8*o r/u)r/ A**y. A(&a%/n *o*a*/, 7)*)n ?+/ ay ro& no*)%/ /r/o, ) r/aon or u%r/u/*, o*/r7)/, ora( aru&/n* a(( / //&/ 7a)+/ an)n%)/n* u&)**/ or /%))on.8 To *) r/o(u*)on / &an)/*/*a* )n%/ *) Cour* ) 8*/ %o&'(a)nan*, 'ro/%u*or an Ju/,8/ 'r//rr/ *o / /ar an *o an7/r u/*)on 8)n '/ron an )nan o'/n an 'u()% /ar)n8 o *a* *) Cour* %ou( o/r+/ )

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8A* */ *ar*, (/* &/ uo*/ 'aa/ ro& */ Ho(y )(/, Ca'*/rI, S*. a**/7 =

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8 T/r/or/ a(( *a* you 7) &/n *o o *o you, /+/n *o o youa(o *o */& or *) ) */ a7 an */ Bro'/*.@

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&o*)on or r/%on)/ra*)on *o *ay */ runn)n o */ '/r)o o a''/a(, */ &o+an* &u* no* on(y /r+/ a %o'y o */ &o*)on u'on*/ a+/r/ 'ar*y K7)% / )L, u* a(o no*)y */ a+/r/ 'ar*yo */ *)&/ an '(a%/ o /ar)n K7)% a&)**/(y / ) no*L.

T) ru(/ 7a un/u)+o%a((y ar*)%u(a*/ )n an)(a Sur/*y R F)/()*y+. a*u Con*ru%*)on R Co., u'ra

8T/ 7r)**/n no*)%/ r//rr/ *o /+)/n*(y ) 'r/%r)/ or &o*)on)n /n/ra( y "u(/ 15, S/%*)on 4 an 5 Kor&/r(y "u(/ 26L, 7)%'ro+)/ *a* u% no*)%/ a(( *a*/ */ *)&/ an '(a%/ o /ar)nan a(( / /r+/ u'on a(( */ 'ar*)/ %on%/rn/ a* (/a* *r//ay )n a+an%/. An a%%or)n *o S/%*)on 6 o */ a&/ "u(/ no&o*)on a(( / a%*/ u'on y */ %our* 7)*ou* 'roo o u%no*)%/. #n// )* a //n /( *a* )n u% a %a/ */ &o*)on )no*)n u* a u/(/ ')/%/ o 'a'/r KB)()'')n/ Na*)ona( an +.$a&a%o, -163, F/. 2, 163 %)*)n ana)( +. "/+)((a, 42 B)(.1 "o&an Ca*o()% )o' o )'a +. un)%)'a()*y o Un)an, 41B)(. 66 an $)r/%*or o an +. SanM, 45 B)(. 11IL. T/ r/aon









7/23/2019 Canon 10 to 13 full


10

) o+)ou Un(/ */ &o+an* /* */ *)&/ an '(a%/ o /ar)n*/ Cour* 7ou( a+/ no 7ay *o /*/r&)n/ 7/*/r *a* 'ar*yar// *o or o/%* *o */ &o*)on, an ) / o/%*, *o /ar )&on ) o/%*)on, )n%/ */ "u(/ */&/(+/ o no* ?D any '/r)o7)*)n 7)% / &ay ?(/ ) r/'(y or o''o)*)on.8

# A**y. A(&a%/n a)(/ *o &o+/ */ a''/((a*/ %our* *o r/+)/7 */(o7/r %our*@ u&/n*, / a on(y )&/( *o (a&/. H) o7n

n/()/n%/ %au/ */ or/)*ur/ o */ r/&/y o a''/a(, 7)%,)n%)/n*a((y, ) no* a &a**/r o r)*. To )* a7ay ro& )&/( */%on/u/n%/ o ) %ar/(/n/, / (oo/ or a 87)'')n oy.8u* / &a/ ur/ *a* / au&/ */ 'o*ur/ o a &ar*yr, an, )noG/r)n *o urr/n/r ) 'ro/)ona( %/r*)?%a*/, / *oo */ ()/r*yo +)()y)n *) Cour* an )n9)%*)n ) /Da%/ra*)n ran%or on */&/&/r */r/o. #* 7ou( *u a''/ar *a* */r/ ) no u*)?%a*)onor ) %urr)(ou an %ana(ou ou*ur*.

Non/*/(/ 7/ a+/ *) un'r/%//n*/ a%* o A**y. A(&a%/n */&o* %)r%u&'/%* %on)/ra*)on. W/ no7 *a* )* ) na*ura( or a(a7y/r *o /D'r/ ) )a*)a%*)on /a% *)&/ / (o/ 7a* /anu)n/(y /()/+/ *o / a &/r)*or)ou %a/. Ta* ) 7y (a7y/rar/ )+/n 7)/ (a*)*u/ *o )G/r 7)*, an +o)%/ */)r )a''ro+a(o, no* on(y */ %our*@ ru()n u* a(o */ &ann/r )n 7)% */yar/ an/ o7n.

or/o+/r, /+/ry %)*)M/n a */ r)* *o %o&&/n* u'on an%r)*)%)M/ */ a%*ua*)on o 'u()% o;%/r. T) r)* ) no*)&)n)/ y */ a%* *a* */ %r)*)%)& ) a)&/ a* a u)%)a(au*or)*y, 4 or *a* )* ) ar*)%u(a*/ y a (a7y/r. 5 Su% r)* )/'/%)a((y r/%on)M/ 7/r/ */ %r)*)%)& %on%/rn a %on%(u/()*)a*)on, 6 /%au/ */n */ %our*@ a%*ua*)on ar/ *ro7n o'/n *o'u()% %onu&'*)on. I 8!ur /%))on an a(( our o;%)a( a%*)on,8a) */ Su'r/&/ Cour* o N/raa, 8ar/ 'u()% 'ro'/r*y, an*/ 'r/ an */ '/o'(/ a+/ */ unou*/ r)* *o %o&&/n* on*/&, %r)*)%)M/ an %/nur/ */& a */y // ?*. Ju)%)a( o;%/r,()/ o*/r 'u()% /r+an*, &u* an7/r or */)r o;%)a( a%*)on/or/ */ %an%/ry o 'u()% o')n)on.8

T/ ()/(y an/r o %onu)n */ ury o u&an r/a%*)on *o ana**a% on on/@ )n*/r)*y, %o&'/*/n%/ an on/*y, 7)*8)&&)n/n* an/r *o */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/,8 ) */ r/aon7y %our* a+/ //n (oa* *o )n9)%* 'un)&/n* on *o/ 7o

aa)( */)r a%*ua*)on. T) an/r (ur /'/%)a((y )n u% a%a/ a *) 7/r/ *o/ 7o )* a &/&/r o an /n*)r/ Cour*ar/ */&/(+/ %o((/%*)+/(y */ ar)/+/ 'ar*)/.

Cour* *u *r/a* 7)* or/aran%/ an r/*ra)n* a (a7y/r 7o+)orou(y aa)( */)r a%*ua*)on. 10 For %oura/ou an /ar(/a+o%a*/ ar/ */ *ran *a* 7/a+/ ura)()*y )n*o */ *a'/*ryo u*)%/. H/n%/, a %)*)M/n an o;%/r o */ %our*, /+/ry (a7y/r )/D'/%*/ no* on(y *o /D/r%)/ */ r)*, u* a(o *o %on)/r )* )u*y *o /D'o/ */ or*%o&)n an )n)%r/*)on o %our* an

u/. 11

Cour* an u/ ar/ no* a%roan%*. 12 T/y ou( an /D'/%*%r)*)%a( /+a(ua*)on o */)r '/ror&an%/. 13 For ()/ */ /D/%u*)+/an */ (/)(a*)+/ ran%/, */ u)%)ary ) roo*/ )n */ o)( o /&o%ra*)% o%)/*y, nour)/ y */ '/r)o)% a''ra)a( o */%)*)M/n 7o& )* ) /D'/%*/ *o /r+/.

W/((-r/%on)M/ */r/or/ ) */ r)* o a (a7y/r, o* a ano;%/r o */ %our* an a a %)*)M/n, *o %r)*)%)M/ )n 'ro'/r(yr/'/%*u( */r& an *rou (/)*)&a*/ %ann/( */ a%* o %our* an u/. T/ r/aon ) *a*

8An a**orn/y o/ no* urr/n/r, )n au&)n */ )&'or*an* '(a%/a%%or/ *o )& )n */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/, ) r)* a a%)*)M/n *o %r)*)%)M/ */ /%))on o */ %our* )n a a)r an

r/'/%*u( &ann/r, an */ )n/'/n/n%/ o */ ar, a 7/(( a o */ u)%)ary, a a(7ay //n /n%oura/ y */ %our*.8 K#n r/A/, 6 F Su''. 4IL

Cr)*)%)& o */ %our* a, )n//, //n an )&'or*an* 'ar* o */*ra)*)ona( 7or o */ (a7y/r. #n */ 'ro/%u*)on o a''/a(, /'o)n* ou* */ /rror o (o7/r %our*. #n ar*)%(/ 7r)**/n or (a7

ourna( / )/%* 7)* /*a%&/n* */ o%*r)na('ronoun%/&/n* o %our* an /ar(/(y (ay ar/ or a(( *o //*/ 9a7 an )n%on)*/n%)/ o */ o%*r)n/ KH)(( +. y&an, 126NYS 2 26L. A a'*(y *a*/ y C)/ Ju*)%/ Sar7oo )n EDBar*/ S*/)n&an, 40 A&. "/'. 641

8No %(a o */ %o&&un)*y ou* *o / a((o7/ r//r %o'/ )n *//D'r/)on or 'u()%a*)on o o')n)on a *o */ %a'a%)*y,)&'ar*)a()*y or )n*/r)*y o u/ *an &/&/r o */ ar. T/ya+/ */ /* o''or*un)*)/ or o/r+)n an or&)n a %orr/%*

u&/n*. T/y ar/ )n %on*an* a**/nan%/ on */ %our*. . . . Toay *a* an a**orn/y %an on(y a%* or '/a on *) u/%* un/r()a)()*y *o / %a((/ *o a%%oun* an *o / /'r)+/ o ) 'ro/)onan ()+/()oo, y */ u/ or u/ 7o& / &ay %on)/r )* )u*y *o a**a% an /D'o/, ) a 'o)*)on *oo &on*rou *o //n*/r*a)n/. . . .

H/n%/, a a %)*)M/n an a o;%/r o */ %our*, a (a7y/r ) /D'/%*/no* on(y *o /D/r%)/ */ r)*, u* a(o *o %on)/r )* ) u*y *oa+a)( o u% r)*. No (a7 &ay ar)/ *) r)*. Nor ) /8'ro/)ona((y an7/ra(/ or a %ru*)ny )n*o */ o;%)a( %onu%* o */ u/, 7)% 7ou( no* /D'o/ )& *o (/a( an)&a+/r)on aa %)*)M/n.8 KCa/ o Au*)n, 2 A&. $/%. 65I, 665L.

8Ao+/ a(( o*/r, */ &/&/r o */ ar a+/ */ /*o''or*un)*y *o /%o&/ %on+/ran* 7)* */ %ara%*/r an/;%)/n%y o our u/. No %(a ) (/ ()/(y *o au/ */

'r)+)(//, a no o*/r %(a a a r/a* an )n*/r/* )n */'r//r+a*)on o an a(/ an u'r)* /n%.8 KS*a*/ oar o EDa&)n/r )n a7 +. Har*,116 N.W. 212, 216L

To %ur*a)( */ r)* o a ( a7y/r *o / %r)*)%a( o */ o)(/ o %our*an u/ ) *o /a( */ ()' o *o/ )n */ /* 'o)*)on *o )+/a+)%/ an 7o &)* %on)/r )* */)r u*y, *o '/a)'ara)n(y. 8Un/r u% a ru(/,8 o ar a */ ar ) %on%/rn/,8*/ &/r)* o a )**)n u/ &ay / r//ar/, u* a *o )/&/r)* */r/ &u* / 'rooun )(/n%/.8 KS*a*/ +. C)r%u)* Cour*,I2 N.W. 16L

u* )* ) */ %ar)na( %on)*)on o a(( u% %r)*)%)& *a* )* a((/ ona ?/, an a(( no* ')(( o+/r */ 7a(( o /%/n%y an'ro'r)/*y. A 7)/ %a& /D)* /*7//n a)r %r)*)%)&, on */ on/an, an au/ an (an/r o %our* an */ u/ */r/o, on*/ o*/r. #n*/&'/ra*/ an una)r %r)*)%)& ) a ro +)o(a*)on o

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For, &/&/r)' )n */ ar )&'o/ u'on a '/ron o()a*)on anu*)/ 7)% ar/ no* &/r/ 9uD an /r&/n*. H) )n+/*)*ur/ )n*o */(/a( 'ro/)on '(a%/ u'on ) ou(/r no ur/n &or/ a)%,&or/ /Da%*)n an &or/ )&'/ra*)+/ *an *a* o r/'/%*u(/a+)or *o7ar */ %our*. H/ +o7 o(/&n(y *o %onu%* )&/(

87)* a(( oo ?/()*y . . . *o */ %our*8 14 an */ "u(/ o Cour*%on*an*(y r/&)n )& 8*o o/r+/ an &a)n*a)n */ r/'/%* u/ *o%our* o u*)%/ an u)%)a( o;%/r.8 15 T/ ?r* %anon o (/a(/*)% /no)n )& 8*o &a)n*a)n *o7ar */ %our* a r/'/%*u(a**)*u/, no* or */ a/ o */ */&'orary )n%u&/n* o */

u)%)a( o;%/, u* or */ &a)n*/nan%/ o )* u'r/&/ )&'or*an%/.8

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8. . . */ o()a*)on 7)% a**orn/y )&'()/(y au&/, ) */y ono* y /D'r/ /%(ara*)on *a/ u'on */&/(+/, 7/n */y ar/a&)**/ *o */ ar, ) no* &/r/(y *o / o/)/n* *o */Con*)*u*)on an (a7, u* *o &a)n*a)n a* a(( *)&/ */ r/'/%* u/*o %our* o u*)%/ an u)%)a( o;%/r. T) o()a*)on ) no*)%ar/ y &/r/(y o/r+)n */ ru(/ o %our*/ou /&/anor)n o'/n %our*, u* )n%(u/ a*a)n)n ou* o %our* ro& a(( )nu(*)n(anua/ an oG/n)+/ %onu%* *o7ar u/ '/rona((y or */)r

u)%)a( a%*.8 Kra(/y, +. F)/r, 20 a7. 4. 64I, 652L

T/ (a7y/r@ u*y *o r/n/r r/'/%*u( uor)na*)on *o */ %our*) //n*)a( *o */ or/r(y a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/. H/n%/, )n */a/r*)on o */)r %()/n*@ r)*, (a7y/r = /+/n *o/ )*/ 7)*u'/r)or )n*/((/%* = ar/ /no)n/ *o r/)n u' */)r */&'/r.

8T/ %oun/( )n any %a/ &ay or &ay no* / an a(/r or &or/(/arn/ (a7y/r *an */ u/, an )* &ay *aD ) 'a*)/n%/ an*/&'/r *o u&)* *o ru()n 7)% / r/ar a )n%orr/%*, u*)%)'()n/ an /(-r/'/%* ar/ a n/%/ary *o */ or/r(ya&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ a */y ar/ *o */ /G/%*)+/n/ o anar&y. T/ /%))on o */ u/ &u* / o/y/, /%au/ / )*/ *r)una( a''o)n*/ *o /%)/, an */ ar ou( a* a(( *)&/ /*/ or/&o* )n r/n/r)n r/'/%*u( u&))on.8 K#n "/S%ou*/n, 40 A*(. 41L

8W/ %on%// *a* a (a7y/r &ay *)n )(y o ) )n*/((/%*ua(/no7&/n*. Ta* ) ) 'r)+)(//. An / &ay uG/r ru*ra*)on a*7a* / //( ) o*/r@ (a% o )*. Ta* ) ) &)or*un/. So&/ u%ra&/ o &)n, o7/+/r, ou( no* / a((o7/ *o ar/n )n*o a/()/ *a* / &ay a**a% a %our*@ /%))on )n 7or %a(%u(a*/ *o

/**)on */ *)&/-onor/ a'or)& *a* %our* ar/ */ */&'(/ o r)*.8 KB/r Ju*)%/ San%/M )n "//& o */ B)()'')n/ +.F/rr/r, -22I, Jun/ 26, 16IL

#n ) r/(a*)on 7)* */ %our*, a (a7y/r &ay no* )+)/ )'/rona()*y o a *o / an a**orn/y a* on/ *)&/ an a &/r/ %)*)M/na* ano*/r. Tu, *a*/&/n* &a/ y an a**orn/y )n 'r)+a*/%on+/ra*)on or %o&&un)%a*)on 16 or )n */ %our/ o a 'o()*)%a(%a&'a)n, 1I ) %ou%/ )n )nu(*)n (anua/ a *o r)n )n*o%orn an )r/'u*/ */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/, &ay u/%* */a**orn/y *o )%)'()nary a%*)on.












































7/23/2019 Canon 10 to 13 full


11

! una&/n*a( '/r*)n/n%/ a* *) un%*ur/ ) an /Da&)na*)on o r/(/+an* 'ara((/( 'r/%//n*.

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8#* 7ou( / %on*rary *o /+/ry /&o%ra*)% */ory *o o( *a* a u/ or a %our* ) /yon ona ?/ %o&&/n* an %r)*)%)&7)% o no* /D%// */ oun o /%/n%y an *ru* or 7)% ar/no* a)&/ a* */ /*ru%*)on o 'u()% %on?/n%/ )n */ u)%)a(y*/& a u%. Ho7/+/r, 7/n */ ()/(y )&'a)r&/n* o */a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ ) */ )r/%* 'rou%* o a(/ an%ana(ou a%%ua*)on */n */ ru(/ ) o*/r7)/.8

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) #N$, u* )* *oo un)%)'a( Ju/ W)((ar *o 'ro+/ *a* )* ) a(o$EAF an $U8 T/ %our* ) no* /)*a*/ *o ?n *a* */ (/a9/*7/n*. &u% ur*/r *an */ a%%u/, a a (a7y/r, a a r)* *oo.

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3. #n #n "/ Hu&'r/y, 163 Ba%. 60, */ Su'r/&/ Cour* o Ca()orn)aa;r&/ */ *7o-y/ar u'/n)on o an a**orn/y 7o 'u()/ a%)r%u(ar aa)()n a u/ 7o a* *a* *)&/ 7a a %an)a*/ or r/-/(/%*)on *o a u)%)a( o;%/. T/ %)r%u(ar 7)% r//rr/ *o *7o/%))on o */ u/ %on%(u/ 7)* a *a*/&/n* *a* */ u/8u/ ) u)%)a( o;%/ *o /na(/ a) an *o //' *a* &on/y.8Sa) */ %our*

8W/ ar/ a7ar/ *a* */r/ ) a ()n/ o au*or)*)/ 7)% '(a%/ no()&)* *o */ %r)*)%)& &/&/r o */ ar &ay &a/ r/ar)n */%a'a%)*y, )&'ar*)a()*y, or )n*/r)*y o */ %our*, /+/n *ou )*/D*/n *o */ /()/ra*/ 'u()%a*)on y */ a**orn/y %a'a(/ o %orr/%* r/aon)n o a/(/ )n)nua*)on aa)n* */ )n*/(()/n%/an )n*/r)*y o */ )/* %our*. S// S*a*/ oar, /*%. +. Har*.116 N.W. 212, 1I "A KN.S.L 55, 15 Ann Ca 1I an no*/ ED'ar*/ S*/)n&an 5 Ba%. 220, 40 A&. "/'. 63I. #n */ ?r* %a/&/n*)on/ )* 7a o/r+/, or )n*an%/

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'/r&)**/ *o /noy */ 'r)+)(// o 'ra%*)%)n (a7 */ *r)%*/*o/r+an%/ a* a(( *)&/ o */ 'r)n%)'(/ o *ru*, on/*y ana)rn/, /'/%)a((y )n */)r %r)*)%)& o */ %our*, *o */ /n *a**/ 'u()% %on?/n%/ )n */ u/ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ /u'/(, an */ )n)*y an u/u(n/ o */ %our* /&a)n*a)n/. #n r/ Co(()n 1 Ba%. 220.8

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8Un(/ */ r/%or )n #n r/ B/*/r/n +. B/*/r/n ) %(/ar/ u' o*a* &y na&/ ) 'ro*/%*/ ro& */ ()/(, ()/, an '/rury%o&&)**/ )n */ %a/ )n+o(+/, # a(( / %o&'/((/ *o r/or* *ou% ra*)% a%*)on a */ (a7 a((o7 an */ %a/ 7arran*.8

Fur*/r, / a) 8Ho7/+/r (/* &/ aur/ you # o no* )n*/n *oa((o7 u% a*ar(y 7or *o o un%a((/n/,8 an a) *a* /7a /na/ )n /a()n 7)* &/n an no* )rr/'on)(/ 'o()*)%a(&an))n or a''/aran%/ o &/n. !r/r)n */ a**orn/y@)ar&/n*, */ Su'r/&/ Cour* o #(()no) /%(ar/

8. . . Ju/ ar/ no* /D/&'* ro& u* %r)*)%)&, an 7/n/+/r */r/) 'ro'/r roun or /r)ou %o&'(a)n* aa)n* a u/, )* ) */r)* an u*y o a (a7y/r *o u&)* ) r)/+an%/ *o */ 'ro'/rau*or)*)/, u* */ 'u()% )n*/r/* an */ a&)n)*ra*)on o */(a7 /&an *a* */ %our* ou( a+/ */ %on?/n%/ an r//%*o */ '/o'(/. Unu* %r)*)%)&, )nu(*)n (anua/, an oG/n)+/%onu%* *o7ar */ u/ '/rona((y y a**orn/y, 7o ar/o;%/r o */ %our*, 7)% */n *o r)n */ %our* an */ (a7)n*o )r/'u*/ an *o /*roy 'u()% %on?/n%/ )n */)r )n*/r)*y,%anno* / '/r&)**/. T/ (/**/r 7r)**/n *o */ u/ 7a '(a)n(y ana**/&'* *o )n*)&)a*/ an )n9u/n%/ )& )n */ )%ar/ o u)%)a(un%*)on, an */ r)n)n o */ unau*or)M/ u)*, *o/*/r 7)**/ 7r)*/-u' )n */ Sunay 'a'/r, 7a )n*/n/ an %a(%u(a*/ *or)n */ %our* )n*o )r/'u*/ 7)* */ 'u()%.8

5. #n a 'u()% '//%, a "o/ #(an (a7y/r a%%u/ */ %our* o */ *a*/ o /)n )n9u/n%/ y %orru'*)on an r//, ay)n *a*

*/ /a* o */ Su'r/&/ Cour* 7/r/ ar*/r/. #* o/ no* a''/ar*a* */ a**orn/y a %r)*)%)M/ any o */ o')n)on or /%))on o */ Cour*. T/ (a7y/r 7a %ar/ 7)* un'ro/)ona( %onu%*,an 7a or/r/ u'/n/ or a '/r)o o *7o y/ar. T/ Cour*a)

8A %a(u&ny o *a* %ara%*/r, ) /()/+/, 7ou( */n *o 7/a/n*/ au*or)*y o */ %our* aa)n* 7o/ &/&/r )* 7a &a/,r)n )* u&/n* )n*o %on*/&'*, un/r&)n/ )* )n9u/n%/ a anun)a/ ar)*/r o */ '/o'(/@ r)*, an )n*/r/r/ 7)* */a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/. . . .

8/%au/ a &an ) a &/&/r o */ ar */ %our* 7)(( no*, un/r*/ u)/ o )%)'()nary 'ro%//)n, /'r)+/ )& o any 'ar* o *a* r//o& o '//% 7)% / 'o// a a %)*)M/n. T/ a%*an /%))on o */ %our* o *) *a*/, )n %a/ *a* a+/r/a%/ ?na( /*/r&)na*)on, ar/ no* /D/&'* ro& a)r an on/*%o&&/n* an %r)*)%)&. #* ) on(y 7/n an a**orn/y *ran%/n */

()&)* o (/)*)&a*/ %r)*)%)& *a* / 7)(( / /( r/'on)(/ or anau/ o ) ()/r*y o '//%. W/ 7/(( un/r*an *a* an)n/'/n/n* ar, a 7/(( a )n/'/n/n* %our*, ) a(7ay a +))(an*//n/r o %)+)( r)*.8 #n "/ Troy, 111 A*(. I23, I25.

6. #n #n "/ "o%&or/, 111 NYS I, an a**orn/y 7a u'/n/ or)D &on* or u&)**)n *o an a''/((a*/ %our* an a;a+)*r/9/%*)n u'on */ u)%)a( )n*/r)*y o */ %our* ro& 7)% */

a''/a( 7a *a/n. Su% a%*)on, */ Cour* a), %on*)*u*/un'ro/)ona( %onu%* u*)y)n u'/n)on ro& 'ra%*)%/,no*7)**an)n *a* / u((y r/*ra%*/ an 7)*r/7 */*a*/&/n*, an a/r*/ *a* */ a;a+)* 7a */ r/u(* o an)&'u(/ %au/ y 7a* / %on)/r/ ra+/ )nu*)%/. T/ Cour*a)

8W/ %anno* u* our /y/ *o */ a%* *a* */r/ ) a ro7)n a)*)n */ 'ro/)on o %r)*)%))n */ &o*)+/ an )n*/r)*y o u)%)a(o;%/r )n */ )%ar/ o */)r u*)/, an */r/y r/9/%*)n on*/ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ an %r/a*)n */ )&'r/)on *a*

u)%)a( a%*)on ) )n9u/n%/ y %orru'* or )n 'ro'/r &o*)+/. E+/rya**orn/y o *) %our*, a 7/(( a /+/ry o*/r %)*)M/n, a */ r)*an )* ) ) u*y, *o u&)* %ar/ *o */ au*or)*)/ )n 7o& )+/*/ */ 'o7/r *o r/&o+/ u)%)a( o;%/ or any %onu%* or a%*o a u)%)a( o;%/r *a* */n *o o7 a +)o(a*)on o ) u*)/, or7ou( u*)y an )n/r/n%/ *a* / ) a(/ *o ) *ru*, or a

)&'ro'/r(y a&)n)*/r/ */ u*)/ /+o(+/ u'on )& an u%%ar/ *o */ *r)una(, ) a/ u'on r/aona(/ )n/r/n%/, 7)((/ /n%oura/, an */ '/ron &a)n */& 'ro*/%*/. . . . W)(/7/ r/%on)M/ */ )n/r/n* r)* o an a**orn/y )n a %a/ /%)/aa)n* )&, or */ r)* o */ 'u()% /n/ra((y, *o %r)*)%)M/ *//%))on o */ %our*, or */ r/aon announ%/ or */&, */a)* o %r)*)%))n */ &o*)+/ o u)%)a( o;%/ )n */ '/ror&an%/o */)r o;%)a( u*)/, 7/n */ 'ro%//)n ) no* aa)n* */o;%/r 7o/ a%* or &o*)+/ ar/ %r)*)%)M/, */n *o u+/r* */%on?/n%/ o */ %o&&un)*y )n */ %our* o u*)%/ an )n */a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ an 7/n u% %ar/ ar/ &a/ yo;%/r o */ %our*, 7o ar/ oun y */)r u*y *o 'ro*/%* */a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/, */ a**orn/y &a)n u% %ar/ )u)(*y o 'ro/)ona( &)%onu%*.8

I. #n #n "/ )*%/((, I1 So. 46I, a (a7y/r 'u()/ *) *a*/&/n*

8# a%%/'*/ */ /%))on )n *) %a/, o7/+/r, 7)* 'a*)/n%/,arr)n 'o)(/ */&'orary o/r+a*)on &or/ or (/ +)*u'/ra*)+/,an ?na((y %on%(u/, *a*, a &y %()/n* 7/r/ or/)n/r, )* &)*a+/ //n /D'/%*)n *oo &u% *o (oo or a /%))on )n */)r a+oraa)n* a 7)o7 r/))n /r/.8

T/ Su'r/&/ Cour* o A(aa&a /%(ar/ *a*

8. . . */ /D'r/)on ao+/ /* ou*, no* on(y *ran%/n */ ouno 'ro'r)/*y an 'r)+)(// %r)*)%)&, u* ar/ an un7arran*/a**a%, )r/%*, or y )n)nua*)on an )nnu/no, u'on */ &o*)+/an )n*/r)*y o *) %our*, an &a/ ou* a 'r)&a a%)/ %a/ o )&'ro'/r %onu%* u'on */ 'ar* o a (a7y/r 7o o( a ()%/n/ro& *) %our* an 7o ) un/r oa* *o /&/an )&/( 7)* a((oo ?/()*y *o */ %our* a 7/(( a *o ) %()/n*.8

T/ %ar/, o7/+/r, 7/r/ )&)/ a*/r */ a**orn/ya'o(o)M/ *o */ Cour*.

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. #n S*a*/ /D r/( $an/y +. r/%/nr)/, 25 Ba%. I4I, ana**orn/y 'u()/ )n a n/7'a'/r an ar*)%(/ )n 7)% / )&'un/*/ &o*)+/ o */ %our* an )* &/&/r *o *ry a %a/, %ar)n*/ %our* o a+)n ar)*rar)(y an or a )n)*/r 'ur'o/un/r*a/n *o u'/n */ 7r)* o a/a %or'u. T/ Cour*u'/n/ */ r/'on/n* or 30 ay, ay)n *a*

8T/ 'r)+)(// 7)% */ (a7 )+/ *o &/&/r o */ ar ) on/&o* u+/r)+/ o */ 'u()% oo, ) */ %onu%* o u%&/&/r o/ no* &/aur/ u' *o */ r/u)r/&/n* o */ (a7)*/(, a 7/(( a *o */ /*)% o */ 'ro/)on. . . .

8T/ r)* o r// '//% an r// )%u)on a *o u)%)a(/*/r&)na*)on a o 'r)&/ )&'or*an%/ un/r our y*/& an )/a(o o+/rn&/n*. No r)* *)n)n &an 7ou( %on%// or a&o&/n* *a* */ /* )n*/r/* *o 'r)+a*/ %)*)M/n, a 7/(( a *o'u()% o;%)a(, 7/*/r / (aor )n a u)%)a( %a'a%)*y oro*/r7)/, 7ou( / /r+/ y /ny)n *) r)* o r// '//% *oany )n)+)ua(. u* u% r)* o/ no* a+/ a )* %oro((ary *a*&/&/r o */ ar 7o ar/ 7orn *o a%* on/*(y an onora(yo* 7)* */)r %()/n* an 7)* */ %our* 7/r/ u*)%/ )a&)n)*/r/, ) a&)n)*/r/ a* a((, %ou( /+/r 'ro'/r(y /r+/ */)r%()/n* or */ 'u()% oo y /)n/(y &)*a*)n a%* or

%ar/(/(y a/r*)n */ (a7. Tru* an on/*y o 'ur'o/ y&/&/r o */ ar )n u% )%u)on ) n/%/ary. T/ /a(* o a &un)%)'a()*y ) non/ */ (/ )&'a)r/ y a 'o((u*/ 7a*/r u''(y*an ) */ /a(* o */ *ou* o a %o&&un)*y *o7ar */

u)%)ary y */ ?(*y, 7an*on, an &a()nan* &)u/ o &/&/ro */ ar o */ %on?/n%/ */ 'u()%, *rou )* u(y /*a()/%our*, a r/'o/ )n */& *o /a( 7)* */ aGa)r o */ 'r)+a*/)n)+)ua(, */ 'ro*/%*)on o 7o/ r)* / (/n ) *r/n* an&on/y *o &a)n*a)n */ u)%)ary. For u% %onu%* on */ 'ar* o */ &/&/r o */ ar */ (a7 )*/( /&an r/*r)u*)on = no**/ %our*.8

. #n ar A@n o San Fran%)%o +. B)(roo, 1I0 Ba%. 440, */?()n o an a;a+)* y an a**orn/y )n a '/n)n a%*)on u)n )nr/'/%* *o */ /+/ra( u/ */ */r& 8%r)&)na(, %orru'*, an7)%/ %on')ra%)/,8 8%r)&)na( %on//ra*/,8 8%o(oa( an%on?/n* )no(/n%/,8 8%r)&)na( 'ro/%u*)on,8 8%a(%u(a*/ ru*a()*y,8

8a %orru'* /aa((,8 an )&)(ar 'ra/, 7a %on)/r/ %onu%*un/%o&)n o a &/&/r o */ ar, an */ na&/ o */ /rr)n(a7y/r 7a or/r/ *r)%/n ro& */ ro(( o a**orn/y.

10. #n S*a*/ oar o EDa&)n/r +. Har*, 116 N.W. 215, */ /rr)na**orn/y %(a)&/ *a* r/a*/r (a*)*u/ ou( / a((o7/ )n %a/ o %r)*)%)& o %a/ ?na((y au)%a*/ *an )n *o/ '/n)n. T)(a7y/r 7ro*/ a '/rona( (/**/r *o */ C)/ Ju*)%/ o */ Su'r/&/Cour* o )nn/o*a )&'un)n o* */ )n*/(()/n%/ an */)n*/r)*y o */ a) C)/ Ju*)%/ an ) ao%)a*/ )n *//%))on o %/r*a)n a''/a( )n 7)% / a //n a**orn/y or *///a*/ ()*)an*. T/ (/**/r 7/r/ 'u()/ )n a n/7'a'/r. !n/o */ (/**/r %on*a)n/ *) 'arara'

8You a)n/ )* K*/ 'ro'/r*y )n+o(+/L *o on/ 7o a no /**/rr)* *o )* *an */ ur(ar *o ) '(un/r. #* //& ()/ ro)n a7)o7 *o r/7ar a rau, 7)* */ %our* a%*)n a a /n%/, oru&')r/, 7a*%u( an +))(an* *a* */ 7)o7 o* no* unu/

a+an*a/. . . . T/ 'o)n* ) *) # a 'ro'/r &o*)+/ or *//%))on )%o+/ra(/, or* o a)n)n *o */ %our* /&a%u(a*/)n*/(()/n%/, or a %on*)'a*)on o &ora( an a)*(/n/ *o u*y# */ *a*/ ar ao%)a*)on, or a %o&&)**// %o/n ro& )* ran,or */ a%u(*y o */ Un)+/r)*y a7 S%oo(, a)/ y */r//ar%/ o )* unr/ o r)*, a%*)+/ *u/n*, or ) any&/&/r o */ %our*, or any o*/r '/ron, %an or&u(a*/ a*a*/&/n* o a %orr/%* &o*)+/ or */ /%))on, 7)% a(( no*

r/u)r/ u&)a*)on /or/ )* ) *a*/, an uaran*)n/ a*/r )* )&a/, )* 7)(( ra*)y /+/ry r)*-&)n/ %)*)M/n o */ *a*/ *o r/a)*.8

T/ Su'r/&/ Cour* o )nn/o*a, )n or/r)n */ u'/n)on o */a**orn/y or )D &on*, /()+/r/ )* o')n)on a o((o7

8T/ u/*)on r/&a)n 7/*/r */ a%%u/ 7a u)(*y o 'ro/)ona( &)%onu%* )n /n)n *o */ C)/ Ju*)%/ */ (/**/rar// *o )&. T) 7a on/, a 7/ a+/ oun, or */ +/ry'ur'o/ o )nu(*)n )& an */ o*/r u*)%/ o *) %our* an*/ )nu(* 7a o )r/%*/ *o */ C)/ Ju*)%/ '/rona((y /%au/o a%* on/ y )& u/ ) ao%)a*/ )n */)r o;%)a( %a'a%)*y.Su% a %o&&un)%a*)on, o &a/, %ou( n/+/r u/r+/ any oo'ur'o/. #* on(y /G/%* )n any %a/ 7ou( / *o ra*)y */ ')*/ o an anry a**orn/y an u&)()a*/ */ o;%/r o aa)(/. #* 7ou(no* an %ou( no* /+/r /n()*/n */ 'u()% )n r/ar *o */)r

u)%)a( %a'a%)*y or )n*/r)*y. Nor 7a )* an /D/r%)/ y */ a%%u/o any %on*)*u*)ona( r)*, or o any 'r)+)(// 7)% any r/'u*a(/a**orn/y, un)n9u/n%/ y 'a)on, %ou( /+/r a+/ any o%%a)onor /)r/ *o a/r*. No u)%)a( o;%/r, 7)* u/ r/ar *o )'o)*)on, %an r//n* u% an )nu(* o*/r7)/ *an y &/*oan%*)on/ y (a7 an or any 7or, ora( or 7r)**/n, o7/+/rau)+/, +)(/, or )n/%/n*, ar// /%r/*(y *o */ u/ a(on/,/ %an a+/ no r/r/ )n any a%*)on *r)a(/ y a ury. T/ /n)no a ()/(ou %o&&un)%a*)on or ()/(ou &a**/r *o */ '/ron/a&/ o/ no* %on*)*u*/ an a%*)ona(/ 'u()%a*)on.@ 1 A&. REn. En%. a7 K2 E.L '. 101I. #n *// r/'/%* */ /n)n y*/ a%%u/ o *) (/**/r *o */ C)/ Ju*)%/ 7a 7o((y )G/r/n*ro& ) o*/r a%* %ar/ )n */ a%%ua*)on, an, a 7/ a+/a), 7o((y )G/r/n* 'r)n%)'(/ ar/ a''()%a(/ */r/*o.

8T/ %onu%* o */ a%%u/ 7a ) n /+/ry 7ay )%r/)*a(/ u* oar a / /D/r%)/ */ r)* o a %)*)M/n, uaran*// y */

Con*)*u*)on an an%*)on/ y %on)/ra*)on o 'u()% 'o()%y, *o7)% r//r/n%/ a //n &a/, / 7a )&&un/, a 7/ o(, ro&*/ '/na(*y /r/ ou* *o / /nor%/. To *a* /D*/n* ) r)* aa %)*)M/n 7/r/ 'ara&oun* *o */ o()a*)on 7)% / a au&/a an o;%/r o *) %our*. W/n, o7/+/r / 'ro%/// an *uaa)(/ */ C)/ Ju*)%/ '/rona((y, / /D/r%)/ no r)* 7)%*/ %our* %an r/%on)M/, u*, on */ %on*rary, 7)((u((y +)o(a*/ )o()a*)on *o &a)n*a)n */ r/'/%* u/ *o %our* an u)%)a( o;%/r.T) o()a*)on ) no* )%ar/ y &/r/(y o/r+)n */ ru(/ o %our*/ou /&/anor )n o'/n %our*, u* )* )n%(u/ a*a)n)n ou*o %our* ro& a(( )nu(*)n (anua/ an oG/n)+/ %onu%* *o7ar*/ u/ '/rona((y or */)r o;%)a( a%*.@ ra(/y +. F)/r, 13Wa((. KU.S.L 355, 20 . E. 646. An */r/ a''/ar *o / no)*)n%*)on, a r/ar */ 'r)n%)'(/ )n+o(+/, /*7//n */ )n)n)*yo an aau(* y an a**orn/y u'on a u/, )nu%/ y ) o;%)a(a%*, an a '/rona( )nu(* or ()/ %au/ y 7r)**/n or 'o/n 7orar// *o */ u/ )n ) %a&/r or a* ) o&/ o /(/7/r/. E)*/r a%* %on*)*u*/ &)%onu%* 7o((y )G/r/n* ro&

%r)*)%)& o u)%)a( a%* ar// or 'o/n *o o*/r. T/)*)n%*)on &a/ ), 7/ *)n, /n*)r/(y (o)%a( an 7/(( u*a)n/ yau*or)*y. #* 7a r/%on)M/ )n ED 'ar*/ %/o, u'ra. 7)(/ */%our* )n *a* %a/, a a //n o7n, u((y u*a)n/ */ r)* o a%)*)M/n *o %r)*)%)M/ ru()n o */ %our* )n a% *)on 7)% ar/ /n/, )*/( *a* on/ &)* / u&&ar)(y 'un)/ or aau(*)n a

u)%)a( o;%/r, )n *a* %a/ a %o&&))on/r o */ %our*, or )ru()n )n a %au/ 7o((y %on%(u/. # )* )n */ 'o7/r o any

'/ron,@ a) */ %our*, y )nu(*)n or aau(*)n */ u//%au/ o o;%)a( a%*, ) on(y */ aa)(an* r/*ra)n ) 'a)onun*)( */ u/ (/a+/ */ u)()n, *o %o&'/( */ u/ *o or/)*/)*/r ) o7n /(-r/'/%* *o */ r/ar o */ '/o'(/ y *a&/u&))on *o */ )n)n)*y, or /(/ /* )n ) o7n '/ron */ /+)(/Da&'(/ o 'un))n */ )nu(* / *a)n */ (a7 )n ) o7nan . . . No )-&)n/, &an(y &an 7ou( o( u)%)a( o;%/un/r u% %on)*)on.@

8Ta* a %o&&un)%a*)on u% a *), ar// *o */ Ju/'/rona((y, %on*)*u*/ 'ro/)ona( /()nu/n%y or 7)% a'ro/)ona( 'un)&/n* &ay / )&'o/, a //n )r/%*(y/%)/. An a**orn/y 7o, a*/r /)n //a*/ )n a %a/, 7ro*/ a'/rona( (/**/r *o */ *r)a( u*)%/, %o&'(a)n)n o ) %onu%* anr/9/%*)n u'on ) )n*/r)*y a a u*)%/, ) u)(*y o &)%onu%*an 7)(( / )%)'()n/ y */ %our*.@ a**/r o an/)&, 133 A''.)+. 136, N.Y. Su''. I */ a&/ ) /( )n "/ r);n KC)*y C*.L 1

N.Y. I an )n "/ W)(/ KC)*y C*.L 3 N.Y. #n */ (a**/r %a/ )*a''/ar/ *a* */ a%%u/ a**orn/y a ar// a /a(/ (/**/r*o a u*)%/ o */ C)*y Cour* o N/7 Yor, )n 7)% )* 7a *a*/, )na r//r/n%/ *o ) /%))on #* ) no* (a7 n/)*/r ) )* %o&&on/n/. T/ r/u(* ) # a+/ //n ro/ o 0.@ An )* 7a /%)/*a*, 7)(/ u% &)%onu%* 7a no* a %on*/&'* un/r */ *a*/,*/ &a**/r ou( / %a((/ *o */ a**/n*)on o */ Su'r/&/Cour*, 7)% a 'o7/r *o )%)'()n/ */ a**orn/y.@ #,@ ay */%our*, %oun/( (/arn/ )n */ (a7 ar/ '/r&)**/ y 7r)*)n (/+/(/a* */ /a o u/, *o %ar/ */& 7)* )noran%/, 7)* unu*ru()n, an 7)* ro/ry, /)*/r a 'r)n%)'a( or a%%/or)/, )* 7)((no* / (on /or/ */ /n/ra( 'u()% &ay //( *a* */y &ayr/r/ */)r an%)/ r)/+an%/ )n ()/ &ann/r, an *u */ (o* o a u/ 7)(( / any*)n u* a a''y on/, an */ a&)n)*ra*)on o

u*)%/ 7)(( a(( )n*o a r/'u*/.@

8T/ r/%/n* %a/ o Jonon +. S*a*/ KA(a.L 44 Sou*. 6I1, 7a )n

*) r/'/%* &u% */ a&/ a */ %a/ a* ar. T/ a%%u/, ana**orn/y a* (a7, 7ro*/ an &a)(/ a (/**/r *o */ %)r%u)* u/,7)% */ (a**/r r/%/)+/ y u/ %our/ o &a)(, a* ) o&/, 7)(/no* o()n %our*, an 7)% r//rr/ )n )nu(*)n */r& *o */%onu%* o */ u/ )n a %au/ 7/r/)n */ a%%u/ a //n on/o */ a**orn/y. For *) )* 7a /( *a* */ a**orn/y 7a r)*(y)arr/ )n a+)n 7)((u((y a)(/ *o &a)n*a)n r/'/%* u/ *o )&[*/ u/] a a u)%)a( o;%/r, an */r/y r/a%/ ) oa* aan a**orn/y.@ A r/%on)M)n */ a&/ 'r)n%)'(/, an )n u''or* o )* a''()%a*)on *o */ a%* o *) %a/, 7/ %)*/ */ o((o7)n ED'ar*/ ra(/y, I Wa)( KU.S.L 364, 1 . E. 214 //n/ +. S*a*/, 22Ar. 14 Co&&on7/a(* +. $anr)/, 2 <a. Ca. 40 B/o'(/ +.r//n, I Co(o. 23I, 244, 3 Ba%. 66, 3I4, 4 A&. "/'. 361 S&)*@A''/a(, 1I Ba. 14, 36 A*(. 134 S%ou*/n@ A''/a(, 16 Ba. 2I0, A*(.41.

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8!ur %on%(u)on ) *a* */ %ar/ aa)n* */ a%%u/ a+/ //no ar u*a)n/ a *o &a/ )* our u*y *o )&'o/ u% a '/na(*y a&ay / u;%)/n* (/on *o )& an a u)*a(/ 7arn)n *o o*/r. . ..8

11. #n Co +. Un)*/ S*a*/, 1I2 F. 641, */ %our* a;r&/ a(a7y/r@ u'/n)on or 1 &on* or 'u())n a (/**/r )n an/7'a'/r )n 7)% / a%%u/ a u/ o /)n un/r */ )n)*/r

)n9u/n%/ o a an *a* a 'ara(yM/ )& or *7o y/ar.

12. #n #n "/ ra+/, 221 Ba%. 411, */ %our* /( *a* an a**orn/y@unu*)?a(/ a**a% aa)n* */ o;%)a( a%* an /%))on o a

u/ %on*)*u*/ 8&ora( *ur')*u/.8 T/r/, */ a**orn/y 7a)arr/ or %r)*)%))n no* on(y */ u/, u* ) /%))on )n/n/ra(, %(a)&)n *a* */ u/ 7a )on/* )n r/a%)n )/%))on an una)r )n ) /n/ra( %onu%* o a %a/.

13. #n #n "/ $o, 12 N.E. 2 66, an a**orn/y 'u()/n/7'a'/r ar*)%(/ a*/r */ *r)a( o %a/, %r)*)%))n */ %our* )n)n*/&'/ra*/ (anua/. T/ )n+ar)a(/ /G/%* o *) or* o 'ro'aana, a) */ %our*, ) *o r// )r/'/%* or %our* anr)n */ (/a( 'ro/)on )n*o )r/'u*/ 7)* */ 'u()%, or 7)%r/aon */ (a7y/r 7a )arr/.

14. #n S*a*/ +. r)&/, 354 Ba%. 2 10, an a**orn/y, )a*)?/

7)* */ (o o a %a/, 'r/'ar/ !+/r a '/r)o o y/ar +)%)oua**a% on ur)*. T/ !(ao&a Su'r/&/ Cour* /%(ar/ *a* )a%* )n+o(+/ u% ro &ora( *ur')*u/ a *o &a/ )& un?* a a&/&/r o */ ar. H) )ar&/n* 7a or/r/, /+/n *ou //D'r// an )n*/n*)on *o r/)n ro& */ ar.

T/ */a%)n /r)+/ ro& */ ao+/ )u))*)on an )&'r/)+/aVu/n%/ o u)%)a( 'ronoun%/&/n* ) )nu)*a(/ Bo*-()*)a*)onu**/ran%/ or 'u()%a*)on, &a/ y (a7y/r, %r)*)%a( o */ %our*an */)r u)%)a( a%*ua*)on, 7/*/r a&oun*)n *o a %r)&/ or no*,7)% *ran%/n */ '/r&))(/ oun o a)r %o&&/n* an(/)*)&a*/ %r)*)%)& an */r/y */n *o r)n */& )n*o )r/'u*/or *o u+/r* 'u()% %on?/n%/ )n */)r )n*/r)*y an )n */ or/r(ya&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/, %on*)*u*/ ra+/ 'ro/)ona( &)%onu%*7)% &ay / +))*/ 7)* )ar&/n* or o*/r (//r a''ro'r)a*/)%)'()nary an%*)on y */ Su'r/&/ Cour* )n */ /D/r%)/ o */'r/roa*)+/ )n/r/n* )n )* a */ u(y %on*)*u*/ uar)an@ o */

&ora( an /*)% o */ (/a( ra*/rn)*y.! %our/, rar/(y a+/ 7/ 7)/(/ our )%)'()nary 'o7/r )n */a%/ o un7arran*/ ou*ur* o %oun/( u% a *o/ %a*a(ou/)n */ ao+/-%)*/ ur)'ru/n%/. Ca/ o %o&'ara(/ na*ur/ a+//n/ra((y //n )'o/ o un/r */ 'o7/r o %our* *o 'un) or%on*/&'* 7)%, a(*ou r/*)n on )G/r/n* a/ an%a(%u(a*/ *o a**a)n a )G/r/n* /n, n/+/r*/(/ )((u*ra*/ *a*un)+/ra( aorr/n%/ o u% %on/&na(/ 'ra%*)%/.

A '/rua( o */ &or/ r/'r//n*a*)+/ o *// )n*an%/ &ay aGor/n()*/n&/n*.

1. #n Sa(%/o +. H/rnan/M, 61 B)(. I24, 7/r/ %oun/( ran/*/ /n)a( o ) &o*)on or r/%on)/ra*)on a 8ao(u*/(y/rron/ou an %on*)*u*)n an ou*ra/ *o */ r)* o */'/*)*)on/r F/()'/ Sa(%/o an a &o%/ry o */ 'o'u(ar 7)((/D'r// a* */ 'o((,8 *) Cour*, a(*ou %on%/)n *a*

8#* ) r)* an '(au)(/ *a* an a**orn/y, )n //n)n */ %au/an r)* o ) %()/n*, ou( o o 7)* a(( */ /r+or an /n/ryo 7)% / ) %a'a(/, u* )* ) no*, an n/+/r 7)(( / o or )& *o/D/r%)/ a) r)* y r/or*)n *o )n*)&)a*)on or 'ro%//)n7)*ou* */ 'ro'r)/*y an r/'/%* 7)% */ )n)*y o */ %our*r/u)r/. T/ r/aon or *) ) *a* r/'/%* or */ %our*uaran*// */ *a)()*y o */)r )n*)*u*)on. W)*ou* u% uaran*y,a) )n*)*u*)on 7ou( / r/*)n on a +/ry ay ouna*)on,8

oun %oun/( u)(*y o %on*/&'* )na&u% a, )n )* o')n)on, */*a*/&/n* &a/ )%(o/

8. . . an )n/D%ua(/ )r/'/%* o */ au*or)*y o */ %our* an an)n*/n*)ona( %on*/&'* o )* )n)*y, /%au/ */ %our* ) */r/y%ar/ 7)* no (/ *an a+)n 'ro%/// )n u**/r )r/ar o */ (a7, */ r)* *o */ 'ar*)/, an o */ un*o7ar%on/u/n%/, or 7)* a+)n au/ )* 'o7/r an &o%/ an9ou*/ */ r)* o A**orn/y <)%/n*/ J. Fran%)%o@ %()/n* . . .8

2. #n #n r/ So**o, 2 B)(. 55, %oun/(, a /na*or an */ au*or o */ Br/ Fr//o& a7, r/a%)n *o */ )&'r)on&/n* or%on*/&'* o on/ An/( BaraMo, 7o, )n+o)n a) (a7, r/u/ *o)+u(/ */ our%/ o a n/7 )*/& %arr)/ )n ) 'a'/r, %au/ *o/ 'u()/ )n a (o%a( n/7'a'/r a *a*/&/n* /D'r/)n )r/r/* 8*a* our H) Tr)una( a no* on(y /rron/ou(y )n*/r'r/*/

a) (a7, u* )* ) on%/ &or/ 'u**)n )n /+)/n%/ */ )n%o&'/*/n%yor narro7 &)n/n/ o */ &aor)*y o )* &/&/r,8 an )/()/ *a* 8#n */ 7a/ o o &any (un/r an )nu*)%//()/ra*/(y %o&&)**/ ur)n *// (a* y/ar, . . . */ on(yr/&/y *o 'u* an /n *o o &u% /+)(, ) *o %an/ */ &/&/ro */ Su'r/&/ Cour*,8 7)% *r)una( / /noun%/ a 8a%on*an* '/r)( *o ()/r*y an /&o%ra%y8 an 8a ar %ry ro& */)&'r/na(/ u(7ar o u*)%/ o *o/ &/&ora(/ *)&/ o Cay/*ano Ar/((ano, <)%*or)no a'a, anu/( Arau((o an o*/r(/arn/ ur)* 7o 7/r/ */ onor an (ory o */ B)()'')n/

Ju)%)ary.8 H/ */r/ a(o announ%/ *a* on/ o */ ?r* &/aur// 7ou( )n*rou%/ )n */n or*%o&)n /)on o Conr/ 7ou(a+/ or )* o/%* */ %o&'(/*/ r/oran)Ma*)on o */ Su'r/&/Cour*. F)n)n )& )n %on*/&'*, /')*/ ) a+o7a( o oo a)*an ) )n+o%a*)on o */ uaran*// o r// '//%, *) Cour*/%(ar/

8u* )n */ ao+/-uo*/ 7r)**/n *a*/&/n* 7)% / %au/ *o /'u()/ )n */ 'r/, */ r/'on/n* o/ no* &/r/(y %r)*)%)M/ or%o&&/n* on */ /%))on o */ BaraMo %a/, 7)% 7a */n an*)(( ) '/n)n %on)/ra*)on y *) Cour* u'on '/*)*)on o An/(BaraMo. H/ no* on(y )n*/n *o )n*)&)a*/ */ &/&/r o *)Cour* 7)* */ 'r//n*a*)on o a )(( )n */ n/D* Conr/, o 7)%/ ) on/ o */ &/&/r, r/oran)M)n */ Su'r/&/ Cour* anr/u%)n */ nu&/r o Ju*)%/ ro& /(/+/n, o a *o %an/ */&/&/r o *) Cour* 7)% /%)/ */ BaraMo %a/, 7oa%%or)n *o ) *a*/&/n*, ar/ )n%o&'/*/n* an narro7 &)n/.#n or/r *o )n9u/n%/ */ ?na( /%))on o a) %a/ y *) Cour*,an *u /&arra or o*ru%* */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/. u**/ r/'on/n* a(o a**a% */ on/*y an )n*/r)*y o *) Cour*or */ a''ar/n* 'ur'o/ o r)n)n */ Ju*)%/ o *) Cour* )n*o)r/'u*/ an /ra)n */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ . . .

8To ur( */ a(/ %ar/ *a* *) Cour* a //n or */ (a* y/ar%o&&)**)n /()/ra*/(y o &any (un/r an )nu*)%/,@ *a* ) *o

ay, *a* )* a //n /%))n )n a+or o on/ 'ar*y no7)n *a**/ (a7 an u*)%/ ) on */ 'ar* o */ a+/r/ 'ar*y an no* on*/ on/ )n 7o/ a+or */ /%))on 7a r/n/r/, )n &any %a//%)/ ur)n */ (a* y/ar, 7ou( */n n/%/ar)(y *o un/r&)n/*/ %on?/n%/ o */ '/o'(/ )n */ on/*y an )n*/r)*y o */&/&/r o *) Cour*, an %on/u/n*(y *o (o7/r or /ra/ */a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ y *) Cour*. T/ Su'r/&/ Cour* o */B)()'')n/ ), un/r */ Con*)*u*)on, */ (a* u(7ar *o 7)% */

F)()')no '/o'(/ &ay r/'a)r *o o*a)n r/()/ or */)r r)/+an%/ or'ro*/%*)on o */)r r)* 7/n *// ar/ *ra&'(/ u'on, an ) */'/o'(/ (o/ */)r %on?/n%/ )n */ on/*y an )n*/r)*y o */&/&/r o *) Cour* an /()/+/ *a* */y %anno* /D'/%* u*)%/*/r/ro&, */y &)* / r)+/n *o *a/ */ (a7 )n*o */)r o7nan, an )or/r an '/ra' %ao &)* / */ r/u(*. A a&/&/r o */ ar an an o;%/r o */ %our*, A**y. <)%/n*/ So**o,()/ any o*/r, ) )n u*y oun *o u'o( */ )n)*y an au*or)*yo *) Cour*, *o 7)% / o7/ ?/()*y a%%or)n *o */ oa* /a *a/n a u% a**orn/y, an no* *o 'ro&o*/ )*ru* )n */a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/. "/'/%* *o */ %our* uaran*// */*a)()*y o o*/r )n*)*u*)on, 7)% 7)*ou* u% uaran*y 7ou(/ r/*)n on a +/ry ay ouna*)on.8

S)n)?%an*(y, *oo, */ Cour* */r/)n a*/n/ *o /&'a)M/ *a*

8. . . an a**orn/y a an o;%/r o */ %our* ) un/r '/%)a(

o()a*)on *o / r/'/%*u( )n ) %onu%* an %o&&un)%a*)on *o*/ %our* / &ay / r/&o+/ ro& o;%/ or *r)%/n ro& */ ro((o a**orn/y a /)n u)(*y o 9aran* &)%onu%* K1I .".A.[N.S.], 56, 54.L8

3. #n "//& o */ B)()'')n/ +. F/rr/r #n r/ Bro%//)n aa)n*A(ono Bon%/ Enr)(/, /* a(., u'ra, 7/r/ %oun/( %ar/ *)Cour* W)* a+)n 8r/'/a*/(y a((/n8 )n*o */ ')*a(( o ()n(ya/r)n *o )* 'r/+)ou 8/rron/ou8 'ronoun%/&/n*, 8)n)r/ar o */ (a7 on ur))%*)on8 o */ Cour* o #nu*r)a("/(a*)on, our %on/&na*)on o %oun/(@ &)%onu%* 7aun/u)+o%a(. Ar*)%u(a*)n */ /n*)&/n* o */ Cour*, r. Ju*)%/San%/M *r//

8A 7/ (oo a% a* */ (anua/ K/r/*oor/ uo*/L /&'(oy/ )n*/ &o*)on or r/%on)/ra*)on, )&'()%a*)on */r/ ar/ 7)%)n/%a'a(y arr/* a**/n*)on. #* '/a o on/ ')*a(( )n*o 7)% *)

Cour* a r/'/a*/(y a((/n 7/n/+/r */ ur))%*)on o */ Cour*o #nu*r)a( "/(a*)on %o&/ )n*o u/*)on. Ta* ')*a(( ) */*/n/n%y o *) Cour* r/(y on )* o7n 'ronoun%/&/n* )n)r/ar o */ (a7 on ur))%*)on. #* &a/ a 7//')n %ar/*a* */ /%))on o *) Cour*,()n a/r/ *o /ar()/r ru()n7)*ou* a &u% a &a)n any r//r/n%/ *o an ana(y) o */'/r*)n/n* *a*u*/ o+/rn)n */ ur))%*)on o */ )nu*r)a( %our*.

T/ '(a)n )&'or* o a(( *// ) *a* *) Cour* ) o 'a*/n*(y )n/'**a* )n /*/r&)n)n */ ur))%*)on o */ )nu*r)a( %our*, )* a%o&&)**/ /rror an %on*)nuou(y r/'/a*/ *a* /rror *o */ 'o)n*o '/r'/*ua*)on. #* ')%*ur/ *) Cour* a on/ 7)% r/u/ *o /7*o */ ()n/ ra7n y */ (a7 on ur))%*)ona( ounar)/. #&'()%)* )n*/ uo*/ *a*/&/n* ) *a* */ 'ronoun%/&/n* o *) %our* on*/ ur))%*)on o */ )nu*r)a( %our* ar/ no* /n*)*(/ *o r/'/%*.

To/ *a*/&/n* /*ra%* &u% ro& */ )n)*y o an r/'/%*u/ *) Cour*. T/y r)n )n*o u/*)on */ %a'a)()*y o */&/&/r = an o&/ or&/r &/&/r = o *) Cour* *o r/n/r

u*)%/. T/ /%on 'arara' uo*/ y)/( a *on/ o ar%a&

7/23/2019 Canon 10 to 13 full


14

7)% %oun/( (a/((/ a o-%a((/@ */ ru(/ aa)n* '()**)n o ur))%*)on.@ 8

S)&)(ar *ou* an /n*)&/n* a+/ //n /D'r// )n o*/r%a/ 1 7)%, )n */ )n*/r/* o r/+)*y, n// no* no7 /r/+)/7/ )n /*a)(.

! %our/, a %o&&on /no&)na*or un/r()/ */ aor/%)*/ %a/= a(( o */& )n+o(+/ %on*u&a%)ou *a*/&/n* &a/ )n'(/a)n ?(/ '/n)n ()*)a*)on. So *a*, )n ()n/ 7)* */ o%*r)na(ru(/ *a* */ 'ro*/%*)+/ &an*(/ o %on*/&'* &ay or)nar)(y /)n+o/ on(y aa)n* %urr)(ou r/&ar or &a()%)ou )nnu/no/7)(/ a %our* &u(( o+/r a '/n)n %a/ an no* a*/r */%on%(u)on */r/o, 1 A**y. A(&a%/n 7ou( no7 // *o )/*/'*/ *ru* o a %on*/&'* %ar/ y ) *u)/ /&'a) *a* */r/&ar or 7)% / ) no7 %a((/ u'on *o a%%oun* 7/r/ &a/on(y a*/r *) Cour* a 7r)**/n ?n) *o ) a''/a(. T) ) o no&o&/n*.

T/ ru(/ *a* ar %on*/&'* a*/r a u)%)a( 'ro%//)n a*/r&)na*/, a (o* &u% o )* +)*a()*y. For o&/*)&/, *) 7a */'r/+a)()n +)/7 )n *) ur))%*)on. T/ ?r* *)r or a &o)?%a*)on*/r/o, o7/+/r, %a&/ 7/n, )n B/o'(/ +. A(ar%on, 20 */ */n

C)/ Ju*)%/ anu/( <. oran )/n*/ 7)* */ o()n o */&aor)*y, '/a)n *ru Ju*)%/ Jo/ B. aur/(, 7)% u'/( */ ru(/ao+/-a+/r*/ *o. A %o&'(/*/ )/na/&/n* ro& */ /**(/ru(/ 7a (a*/r *o / &a/ )n #n r/ r)((an*/, 21a %on*/&'*'ro%//)n, 7/r/ */ /)*or o */ an)(a uar)an 7a au/)n %on*/&'* or 'u())n an /)*or)a( 7)% a/r*/ *a* */144 ar EDa&)na*)on 7/r/ %onu%*/ )n a ar%)%a( &ann/r a*/r*/ u/*)on o */ +a())*y o */ a) /Da&)na*)on a //nr/o(+/ an */ %a/ %(o/. <)r*ua((y, *) 7a an ao'*)on o */+)/7 /D'r// y C)/ Ju*)%/ oran. )n ) )/n* )n A(ar%on *o*/ /G/%* *a* */r/ &ay *)(( / %on*/&'* y 'u()%a*)on /+/na*/r a %a/ a //n */r&)na*/. Sa) C)/ Ju*)%/ oran )nA(ar%on

8A 'u()%a*)on 7)% */n *o )&'//, o*ru%*, /&arra or)n9u/n%/ */ %our* )n a&)n)*/r)n u*)%/ )n a '/n)n u)* or'ro%//)n, %on*)*u*/ %r)&)na( %on*/&'* 7)% ) u&&ar)(y

'un)a(/ y %our*. A 'u()%a*)on 7)% */n *o /ra/ */%our* an *o /*roy 'u()% %on?/n%/ )n */& or *a* 7)%*/n *o r)n */& )n any 7ay )n*o )r/'u*/, %on*)*u*/ ()/7)/%r)&)na( %on*/&'*, an ) /ua((y 'un)a(/ y %our*. Wa* )ou*, )n */ ?r* )n o %on*/&'*, *o / )/(/ aa)n* */)n9u/n%/ o n/7'a'/r %o&&/n*, ) */ a((-)&'or*an* u*y o */%our* *o a&)n)*/r u*)%/ )n */ /%) )on o a '/n)n %a/. #n *//%on )n o %on*/&'*, */ 'un)*)+/ an o u*)%/ ) /D*/n/*o +)n)%a*/ */ %our* ro& any a%* or %onu%* %a(%u(a*/ *o r)n*/& )n*o )a+or or *o /*roy 'u()% %on?/n%/ )n */&. #n */?r* */r/ ) no %on*/&'* 7/r/ */r/ ) no a%*)on '/n)n, a*/r/ ) no /%))on 7)% &)* )n any 7ay / )n9u/n%/ y */n/7'a'/r 'u()%a*)on. #n */ /%on, */ %on*/&'* /D)*, 7) * or7)*ou* a '/n)n %a/, a 7a* ) ou* *o / 'ro*/%*/ ) */%our* )*/( an )* )n)*y. Cour* 7ou( (o/ */)r u*)()*y ) 'u()%%on?/n%/ )n */& ) /*roy/.8

A%%or)n(y, no %o&or* ) aGor/ A**y. A(&a%/n y */%)r%u&*an%/ *a* ) *a*/&/n* an a%*ua*)on no7 un/r%on)/ra*)on 7/r/ &a/ on(y a*/r */ u&/n* )n ) %()/n*@a''/a( a a**a)n/ ?na()*y. H/ %ou( a &u% / ()a(/ or%on*/&'* */r/or a ) )* a //n '/r'/*ra*/ ur)n */'/n/n%y o */ a) a''/a(.

or/ *an *), o7/+/r, %on)/ra*)on o 7/*/r or no* / %ou(

/ /( ()a(/ or %on*/&'* or u% 'o*-()*)a*)on u**/ran%/ ana%*ua*)on, ) /r/ )&&a*/r)a(. y */ */nor o our "/o(u*)on o No+/&/r 1I, 16I, 7/ a+/ %onron*/ */ )*ua*)on /r/'r//n*/ o(/(y )n o ar a )* %on%/rn A**y. A(&a%/n@'ro/)ona( )/n*)*y, ) 7orn u*y a a (a7y/r an ) ?*n/ aan o;%/r o *) Cour*, )n */ /D/r%)/ o */ )%)'()nary 'o7/r)n/r/n* )n our au*or)*y an u*y *o a/uar */ &ora( an/*)% o */ (/a( 'ro/)on an *o 'r//r+/ )* ran ro& */)n*ru)on o un'r)n%)'(/ an un7or*y )%)'(/ o */ no(/* o %a(()n. #n *) )nu)ry, */ '/n/n%y or non-'/n/n%y o a %a/ )n%our* ) a(*o/*/r o no %on/u/n%/. T/ o(/ o/%*)+/ o *)'ro%//)n ) *o 'r//r+/ */ 'ur)*y o */ (/a( 'ro/)on, yr/&o+)n or u'/n)n a &/&/r 7o/ &)%onu%* a 'ro+/)&/( un?* *o %on*)nu/ *o / /n*ru*/ 7)* */ u*)/ anr/'on))()*)/ /(on)n *o */ o;%/ o an a**orn/y.

Unou*/(y, *) ) 7/(( 7)*)n our au*or)*y *o o. y

%on*)*u*)ona( &ana*/, 22 our ) */ o(/&n u*y, a&on*o*/r, *o /*/r&)n/ */ ru(/ or a&))on *o */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7.#n/r/n* )n *) 'r/roa*)+/ ) */ %orr/'on)n au*or)*y *o)%)'()n/ an /D%(u/ ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7 *o/ 7o a+/'ro+/ */&/(+/ un7or*y o %on*)nu/ &/&/r)' )n */ ar.

Tu =

8T/ 'o7/r *o )%)'()n/ a**orn/y, 7o ar/ o;%/r o */ %our*, )an )n/r/n* an )n%)/n*a( 'o7/r )n %our* o r/%or, an on/7)% ) //n*)a( *o an or/r(y )%ar/ o u)%)a( un%*)on. To/ny )* /D)*/n%/ ) /u)+a(/n* *o a /%(ara*)on *a* */ %onu%*o a**orn/y *o7ar %our* an %()/n* ) no* u/%* *o r/*ra)n*.Su% a +)/7 ) 7)*ou* u''or* )n any r/'/%*a(/ au*or)*y, an%anno* / *o(/ra*/. Any %our* a+)n */ r)* *o a&)* a**orn/y*o 'ra%*)%/ = an )n *) *a*/ *a* 'o7/r ) +/*/ )n *) %our* =a */ )n/r/n* r)*, )n */ /D/r%)/ o a oun u)%)a( )%r/*)on,*o /D%(u/ */& ro& 'ra%*)%/.8 23

T), /%au/ */ a&))on o a (a7y/r *o */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7 ) ar/'r//n*a*)on *o a(( *a* / ) 7or*y o */)r %on?/n%/ anr/'/%*. So &u% o *a* =

8. . . 7/n/+/r )* ) &a/ *o a''/ar *o */ %our* *a* an a**orn/y )no (on/r 7or*y o */ *ru* an %on?/n%/ o */ 'u()% an o */ %our*, )* /%o&/, no* on(y */ r)*, u* */ u*y, o */%our* 7)% &a/ )& on/ o )* o;%/r, an a+/ )& */'r)+)(// o &)n)*/r)n 7)*)n )* ar, *o 7)*ra7 */ 'r)+)(//.

T/r/or/ )* ) a(&o* un)+/ra((y /( *a* o* */ a&))on an)ar&/n* o a**orn/y ar/ u)%)a( a%*, an *a* on/ ) a&)**/*o */ ar an /D/r%)/ ) un%*)on a an a**orn/y, no* a a&a**/r o r)*, u* a a 'r)+)(// %on)*)on/ on ) o7n /a+)oran */ /D/r%)/ o a u* an oun u)%)a( )%r/*)on.8 24

#n//, )n *) ur))%*)on, *a* 'o7/r *o r/&o+/ or u'/n ar)/n ao+/ /)n a &/r/ )n/r/n* or )n%)/n*a( 'o7/r. #* a //n/(/+a*/ *o an /D'r/ &ana*/ y */ "u(/ o Cour*. 25

!ur au*or)*y an u*y )n */ 'r/&)/ /)n un&)*aa(/, 7/no7 'ro%// *o &a/ an a/&/n* o 7/*/r or no* */u**/ran%/ an a%*ua*)on o A**y. A(&a%/n /r/ )n u/*)on ar/'ro'/r(y */ o/%* o )%)'()nary an%*)on.

T/ 'roG/r/ urr/n/r o ) (a7y/r@ %/r*)?%a*/ ), o %our/,'ur/(y 'o*/*a*)+/ on A**y. A(&a%/n@ 'ar*. Unor*ooD *ou )*&ay //&, no *a*u*/, no (a7 *an )n )* 7ay. /yon &a)n */&/r/ oG/r, o7/+/r, / 7/n* ar*/r. #n au*y an %oar/(anua/, / a%*ua((y a+a)(/ o */ a) &o+/ a a +/)%(/ or )+)%)ou *)ra/ aa)n* *) Cour*. T/ )n*/ra*/ /n*)r/*y o )'/*)*)on r)*(/ 7)* +)(/ )nu(* a(( %a(%u(a*/ *o r)+/ o&/ )%on*/&'* or an )r/'/%* *o */ Cour* an )* &/&/r.B)%*ur)n ) %()/n* a 8a a%r)?%)a( +)%*)& a* */ a(*ar o y'o%r)y,8/ %a*/or)%a((y /noun%/ */ u*)%/ a&)n)*/r/ y *) Cour**o / no* on(y ()n 8u* a(o /a an u&.8 W)* un&)*)a*/a%/r)*y, / +)r*ua((y ra/ *) Cour* an )* &/&/r 7)* +/ra(*a(on, )&'u*)n *o */ Cour* */ '/r'/*ra*)on o 8)(/n* )nu*)%/8an 8or* %u* u*)%/8 7)(/ a* */ a&/ *)&/ ran)n )*&/&/r a 8%a((ou/ *o '(/a o u*)%/.8 An, *ru/ *o )announ%/ *r/a* *o aru/ */ %au/ o ) %()/n* 8)n */ '/o'(/@

oru&,8 / %au/ */ 'u()%a*)on )n */ 'a'/r o an a%%oun* o ) a%*ua*)on, )n a %a(%u(a*/ /Gor* *o *ar*(/ */ 'u()%, *)r u''u()% )n)na*)on an )r/'/%* *o7ar */ Cour*. Ca((/ u'on *o&a/ an /D'(ana*)on, / /D'r// no r/r/*, oG/r/ no a'o(oy.#n*/a, 7)* %ara%*/r)*)% arroan%/, / r/a/ an r/)*/ra*/) +)*u'/ra*)+/ a**a% an, a((u)n *o */ S%r)'*ur/, +)r*ua((y*arr/ an /a*/r/ */ Cour* an )* &/&/r a )n+/*/ra*/y'o%r)*/ )n%a'a(/ o a &)n)*/r)n u*)%/ an un7or*y *o)&'o/ )%)'()nary an%*)on u'on )&.

T/ +)ru(/n%/ o (a*an*(y /+)/n* )n A**y. A(&a%/n@ '/*)*)on,an7/r an ora( aru&/n*a*)on '/a or )*/(. T/ +)%)ou(anua/ u/ an */ %urr)(ou )nnu/no/ */y %arr)/ ar*ran%/n */ '/r&))(/ oun o (/)*)&a*/ %r)*)%)&. T/y%ou( n/+/r /r+/ any 'ur'o/ u* *o ra*)y */ ')*/ o an )ra*/a**orn/y, a**ra%* 'u()% a**/n*)on *o )&/( an, &or/ )&'or*an* o a((, r)n *) Cour* an )* &/&/r )n*o )r/'u*/ an /*roy

'u()% %on?/n%/ )n */& *o */ /*r)&/n* o */ or/r(ya&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/. !)u& o *) %ara%*/r an */D*ur/'r//n* no r///&)n /a*ur/, an %o&'(/*/(y n/a*/ any'r/*/n/ o 'a)ona*/ %o&&)*&/n* *o */ *ru*. #* ) no* a 7)*(/ *an a %(a)% /Da&'(/ o ro &)%onu%*, ro +)o(a*)on o */ (a7y/r@ oa* an ro *ranr/)on o */ Canon o /a(E*)%. A u%, )* %anno* / a((o7/ *o o unr/u/. T/ 7ay or*/ /D/r*)on o our )%)'()nary 'o7/r ) *u (a) %(/ar, an */n// */r/or ) una+o)a(/.

W/ &u* on%/ &or/ *r/ our /D'()%)* )%(a)&/r o )&&un)*y ro&%r)*)%)&. )/ any o*/r o+/rn&/n* /n*)*y )n a +)a(/ /&o%ra%y,*/ Cour* ) no*, an ou( no* /, ao+/ %r)*)%)&. u* a %r)*)u/o */ Cour* &u* / )n*/(()/n* an )%r)&)na*)n, ?**)n *o )*) un%*)on a */ %our* o (a* r/or*. An &or/ *an *), +a()an /a(*y %r)*)%)& ) y no &/an ynony&ou *o o(ouy, anr/u)r/ /*a%&/n* an ))n*/r/*/n/, r/a( ua()*)/a''roa%/ on(y *rou %on*an* *r)+)n *o a**a)n */&. Any




























7/23/2019 Canon 10 to 13 full


15

%r)*)%)& o */ Cour* &u* 'o/ */ ua()*y o u)%)oun/ an&u* / )nor&/ y '/r'/%*)+/ an )nu/ y ')(oo'y. 26

#* ) no* a%%ura*/ *o ay, nor ) )* an o*a%(/ *o */ /D/r%)/ o ourau*or)*y )n */ 'r/&)/, *a*, a A**y. A(&a%/n 7ou( a+/a''/ar, */ &/&/r o */ Cour* ar/ */ 8%o&'(a)nan*,

'ro/%u*or an u/8 a(( ro((/ u' )n*o on/ )n *) )n*an%/. T)) an u**/r &)a''r//n)on, ) no* a *o*a( )*or*)on, no* on(y o */na*ur/ o */ 'ro%//)n a* an u* a(o o our ro(/ */r/)n.

A%%/n* ou( / (a) on */ a%* *a* )%)'()nary 'ro%//)n ()/*/ 'r//n* ar/ u) /n/r). N/)*/r 'ur/(y %)+)( nor 'ur/(y %r)&)na(,*) 'ro%//)n ) no* = an o/ no* )n+o(+/ = a *r)a( o an a%*)onor a u)*, u* ) ra*/r an )n+/*)a*)on y */ Cour* )n*o */%onu%* o )* o;%/r. 2I No* /)n )n*/n/ *o )n9)%* 'un)&/n*,)* ) )n no /n/ a %r)&)na( 'ro/%u*)on. A%%or)n(y, */r/ )n/)*/r a '(a)n*)G nor a 'ro/%u*or */r/)n. #* &ay / )n)*)a*/ y*/ Cour* &o*u 'ro'r)o. 2 Bu()% )n*/r/* ) )* 'r)&ary o/%*)+/,an */ r/a( u/*)on or /*/r&)na*)on ) 7/*/r or no* */a**orn/y ) *)(( a ?* '/ron *o / a((o7/ */ 'r)+)(// a u%.H/n%/, )n */ /D/r%)/ o )* )%)'()nary 'o7/r, */ Cour* &/r/(y%a(( u'on a &/&/r o */ ar *o a%%oun* or ) a%*ua*)on a ano;%/r o */ Cour* 7)* */ /n )n +)/7 o 'r//r+)n */ 'ur)*y o

*/ (/a( 'ro/)on an */ 'ro'/r an on/* a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ y 'ur)n */ 'ro/)on o &/&/r 7o y */)r&)%onu%* a+/ 'ro+/ */&/(+/ no (on/r 7or*y *o //n*ru*/ 7)* */ u*)/ an r/'on))()*)/ '/r*a)n)n *o */o;%/ o an a**orn/y. 2 #n u% 'o*ur/, */r/ %an *u / noo%%a)on *o '/a o a %o&'(a)nan* or a 'ro/%u*or.

Un/n)a(y, */ &/&/r o */ Cour* ar/, *o a %/r*a)n /r//,ar)/+/ 'ar*)/. Any *)ra/ aa)n* */ Cour* a a oy )n/%/ar)(y an )n/D*r)%a(y a &u% o aa)n* */ )n)+)ua(&/&/r */r/o. u* )n */ /D/r%)/ o )* )%)'()nary 'o7/r, */Cour* a%* a an /n*)*y /'ara*/ an )*)n%* ro& */ )n)+)ua('/rona()*)/ o )* &/&/r. Con)*/n*(y 7)* */ )n*r)n)% na*ur/o a %o((/)a*/ %our*, */ )n)+)ua( &/&/r a%* no* a u%)n)+)ua( u* on(y a a u(y %on*)*u*/ %our*. T/)r )*)n%*)n)+)ua()*)/ ar/ (o* )n */ &a/*y o */)r o;%/. 30 So *a*, )n a+/ry r/a( /n/, ) */r/ / any %o&'(a)nan* )n */ %a/ a* ar, )*%an on(y / */ Cour* )*/(, no* */ )n)+)ua( &/&/r */r/o =a 7/(( a */ '/o'(/ */&/(+/ 7o/ r)*, or*un/ an'ro'/r*)/, nay, /+/n ()+/, 7ou( / '(a%/ a* ra+/ aMarou( */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ / *r/a*/n/ y */ r/*/n*)on)n */ ar o &/n un?* *o )%ar/ */ o(/&n r/'on))()*)/ o &/&/r)' )n */ (/a( ra*/rn)*y.

F)na((y, */ 'o7/r *o /D%(u/ '/ron ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7 )u* a n/%/ary )n%)/n* o */ 'o7/r *o a&)* '/ron *o a)'ra%*)%/. y %on*)*u*)ona( 'r/%/'*, *) 'o7/r ) +/*/ /D%(u)+/(y)n *) Cour*. T) u*y )* %anno* a)%a*/ u* a &u% a )* %anno*un)(a*/ra((y r/noun%/ ur))%*)on (/a((y )n+/*/ u'on )*. 31 So*a* /+/n ) )* / %on%// *a* */ &/&/r %o((/%*)+/(y ar/ )n a/n/ */ ar)/+/ 'ar*)/, *a* a%* a(on/ o/ no* an %anno*)ua()y */& ro& */ /D/r%)/ o *a* 'o7/r /%au/ 'u()%'o()%y /&an *a* */y, a%*)n a a Cour*, /D/r%)/ */ 'o7/r )na(( %a/ 7)% %a(( or )%)'()nary a%*)on. T/ 'r//n* ) u% a%a/. #n */ /n, */ )&a)n/ ano&a(y o */ &/r/r )n on/ /n*)*y

o */ '/rona()*)/ o %o&'(a)nan*, 'ro/%u*or an u/ )ao(u*/(y )n/D)*/n*.

a* *o /na/ our a**/n*)on ) */ na*ur/ an /D*/n* o */an%*)on *a* &ay / +))*/ u'on A**y. A(&a%/n or )*ranr/)on. A &ar/ ou* y */ "u(/ o Cour*, *// &ayran/ ro& &/r/ u'/n)on *o *o *a ( r/&o+a( o r)ar&/n*. 32 T/ )% r/*)on *o a/ un/r */ %)r%u&*an%/

*/ )&'oa(/ an%*)on ), o %our/, 'r)&ar)(y ar// *o */oun )%r/*)on o */ Cour* 7)%, /)n n/)*/r ar)*rary an/'o*)% nor &o*)+a*/ y '/rona( an)&o)*y or 'r/u)%/, ou(/+/r / %on*ro((/ y */ )&'/ra*)+/ n// *a* */ 'ur)*y an)n/'/n/n%/ o */ ar / %ru'u(ou(y uar/ an */ )n)*yo an r/'/%* u/ *o */ Cour* / M/a(ou(y &a)n*a)n/.

Ta* */ &)%onu%* %o&&)**/ y A**y. A(&a%/n ) o %on)/ra(/ ra+)*y %anno* / o+/r/&'a)M/. Ho7/+/r, //)n*/ */rn )nun%*)on *a* )ar&/n* ou( n/+/r / /%r//7/r/ a (//r an%*)on 7ou( a%%o&'() */ /n /)r/, an/()/+)n *a* )* &ay no* '/ra' / u*)(/ *o o'/ *a* )n */o/r ()* o o&/ u*ur/ ay, A**y. A(&a%/n 7)(( r/a()M/ *a*ara)+/ (anua/ n/+/r a)( *o o )/r+)%/ *o an a+o%a*/ an*a* )n /+/ry /G/r+/%/n%/ o %anor */r/ ) a&'(/ roo& or */a/ (o7 o r/'/%*, )* ) our +)/7 *a* u'/n)on 7)(( u;%/un/r */ %)r%u&*an%/. H) /&on*ra*/ '/r)*/n%/ )n )

&)%onu%* y n/)*/r &an)/*)n r/'/n*an%/ nor oG/r)na'o(oy */r/or (/a+/ u no 7ay o /*/r&)n)n o7 (on *a*u'/n)on ou( (a* an, a%%or)n(y, 7/ ar/ )&'/((/ *o /%r//*a* */ a&/ ou( / )n/?n)*/. T), 7/ ar/ /&'o7/r/ *o ono* a(on/ /%au/ ur)'ru/n%/ ran* u )%r/*)on on */&a**/r 33 u* a(o /%au/, /+/n 7)*ou* */ %o&or*)n u''or*o 'r/%//n*, )* ) o+)ou *a* ) 7/ a+/ au*or)*y *o %o&'(/*/(y/D%(u/ a '/ron ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7, */r/ ) no r/aon 7y)n/?n)*/ u'/n)on, 7)% ) (//r )n /r// an /G/%*, %an /r/ar/ a a(()n ou*)/ o */ %o&'a o *a* au*or)*y. T/&/r)* o *) %o)%/ ) /* o7n y */ a%* *a* )* 7)(( */n /(/* *o A**y. A(&a%/n *o /*/r&)n/ or )&/( o7 (on or o7or* *a* u'/n)on a((] (a*. For, a* any *)&/ a*/r */u'/n)on /%o&/ /G/%*)+/ / &ay 'ro+/ *o *) Cour* *a* /) on%/ aa)n ?* *o r/u&/ */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7.

ACC!"$#NY, #T #S THE SENSE o */ Cour* *a* A**y. <)%/n*/ "au(

A(&a%/n /, a / ) /r/y, u'/n/ ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7un*)( ur*/r or/r, */ u'/n)on *o *a/ /G/%* )&&/)a*/(y.

/* %o')/ o *) r/o(u*)on / urn)/ */ S/%r/*ary o Ju*)%/,*/ So()%)*or /n/ra( an */ Cour* o A''/a( or */)r )nor&a*)onan u)an%/.

K#n r/ A(&a%/n +. Ya'*)n%ay, .". No. -2I654 K"/o(u*)onL,F/ruary 1, 1I0L

[.". No. 1126. January 2, 16.]

>EY ". W#C>E" an ATTY. !"AN$! A. "AY!S, '/*)*)on/r, +.H!N. BAU T. A"CANE, a Br/))n Ju/ o */ "TC, aa*),ran% 134,r/'on/n*.

!r(ano A. "ayo or '/*)*)on/r.

T/ So()%)*or /n/ra( or r/'on/n*.

SYAUS

1. "EE$#A AW SBEC#A C#<# ACT#!NS $#"ECT C!NTEBTWHEN $EEE$ C!#TTE$. = Wa* ) )n+o(+/ )n *) %a/ ) an)n*an%/ o )r/%* %on*/&'*, )n%/ )* )n+o(+/ a '(/a)n a((//(y%on*a)n)n /roa*ory, oG/n)+/ or &a()%)ou *a*/&/n*

u&)**/ *o */ %our* or u/ )n 7)% */ 'ro%//)n ar/'/n)n, a )*)nu)/ ro& a '(/a)n ?(/ )n ano*/r %a/. T/ or&/r a //n /( *o / /u)+a(/n* *o 8&)/a+)or%o&&)**/ )n */ 'r//n%/ o or o n/ar a %our* or u/ a *o)n*/rru'* */ 'ro%//)n /or/ */ a&/8 7)*)n */ &/an)n o "u(/ I1, 1 o */ "u(/ o Cour* an, */r/or/, )r/%* %on*/&'*.

2. #$. #$. #$. $#ST#NU#SHE$ F"! #N$#"ECT C!NTEBT. = #n%a/ o )n)r/%* or %on*ru%*)+/ %on*/&'*, */ %on*/&nor &ay /'un)/ on(y 8[a]*/r %ar/ )n 7r)*)n a //n ?(/, an ano''or*un)*y )+/n *o */ a%%u/ *o / /ar y )&/( or%oun/(,8 7/r/a )n %a/ o )r/%* %on*/&'*, */ r/'on/n* &ay/ u&&ar)(y au/ )n %on*/&'*. or/o+/r, */ u&/n* )n%a/ o )n)r/%* %on*/&'* ) a''/a(a(/, 7/r/a )n %a/ o )r/%* %on*/&'* on(y u&/n* o %on*/&'* y TC, CTC an/TC ar/ a''/a(a(/.

3. #$. #$. C!NTEBT AN#FESTE$ #N THE AEAT#!NS !F THE!T#!N F!" #NH##T#!N. = T/ 'o7/r *o 'un) or %on*/&'* ) *o/ /D/r%)/ on */ 'r//r+a*)+/ an no* on */ +)n)%*)+/'r)n%)'(/. !n(y o%%a)ona((y ou( )* / )n+o/ *o 'r//r+/ *a*r/'/%* 7)*ou* 7)% */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ 7)(( a)(. T/%on*/&'* 'o7/r ou* no* *o / u*)()M/ or */ 'ur'o/ o &/r/(ya*)y)n an )n%()na*)on *o *r)/ a% a* a 'ar*y or o7)n (/*an u(( r/'/%* or */ )n)*y o */ %our*. T/ Cour* u*a)n

Ju/ Ar%an/(@ ?n)n *a* '/*)*)on/r ar/ u)(*y o %on*/&'*. Ar/a)n o */ a((/a*)on )n '/*)*)on/r@ &o*)on or )n))*)on, (/a*o no o*/r %on%(u)on *an *a* r/'on/n* u/ 7a /o(/n *o*/ o''o)n %oun/( )n */ %a/ *o 7o& or *o 7o/ 7)/, */

u/ o7/ ) *ran/r *o */ "TC o aa*), 7)% n/%/)*a*/8/a)n ou*8 */ or&/r u/ *o &a/ roo& or u% *ran/r.

T// a((/a*)on ar/ /roa*ory *o */ )n*/r)*y an onor o r/'on/n* u/ an %on*)*u*/ an un7arran*/ %r)*)%)& o */a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ )n *) %oun*ry. T/y u/* *a* (a7y/r,) */y ar/ 7/(( %onn/%*/, %an &an)'u(a*/ */ a)n&/n* o

u/ *o */)r a+an*a/. T/ *ru* ) *a* */ a)n&/n* o Ju/ Ar%an/( an Ca'u(on 7/r/ &a/ y *) Cour*, y +)r*u/o A&)n)*ra*)+/ !r/r No. 154-3, 'r/%)/(y 8)n */ )n*/r/* o an/;%)/n* a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ an 'uruan* *o S/%. 5 K3L, Ar*.<### o */ Con*)*u*)on.8 T) ) a &a**/r o r/%or 7)% %ou(a+/ /a)(y //n +/r)?/ y A**y. "ayo. %a)a

4. #$. #$. #$. #$. AWYE"S SHA"E "ESB!NS###TY THE"E!F. =A**y. "ayo %anno* /+a/ r/'on))()*y or */ a((/a*)on )nu/*)on. A a (a7y/r, / ) no* u* an )n*ru&/n* o ) %()/n*. H)%()/n* %a&/ *o )& or 'ro/)ona( a)*an%/ )n */ r/'r//n*a*)ono a %au/, an 7)(/ / o7/ )& 7o(/-ou(/ /+o*)on, */r/7/r/ oun /* y ) r/'on))()*y a a (a7y/r 7)% / %ou(no* o+/r*/'. a/ on Canon 11 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona("/'on))()*y, A**y. "ayo /ar a &u% r/'on))()*y or */%on*/&'*uou a((/a*)on )n */ &o*)on or )n))*)on a ) %()/n*.A**y. "ayo@ u*y *o */ %our* ) no* /%onary *o *a* o ) %()/n*.























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16

T/ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y /no)n )& *o 8o/r+/an &a)n*a)n */ r/'/%* u/ *o */ %our* an *o u)%)a( o;%/ran [*o] )n)* on )&)(ar %onu%* y o*/r8 an8no* [*o] a**r)u*/*o a Ju/ &o*)+/ no* u''or*/ y */ r/%or or a+/ &a*/r)a()*y*o */ %a/.8 A*/r */ r/'on/n* u/ a a+ora(y r/'on/*o '/*)*)on/r@ 8'rou/ a'o(o)/8 an )n)%a*/ *a* / 7ou( (/**/& oG 7)* a ?n/, 7)*ou* any a)( /n*/n%/, '/*)*)on/r /r+/on r/'on/n* u/ a %o'y o */)r )n*an* '/*)*)on 7)% 'ray/

)n 'ar* *a* 8"/'on/n* Ju/ Bau( T. Ar%an/( / "E<E"TE$ *o) or&/r *a*)on. H/ )&'(y %anno* o )n */ "TC o aa*) 7/r/&or/ %o&'(/D %a/ ar/ /ar/ K)%L un()/ )n $a+ao C)*y.8 # no*)n /(/, *) '/rona( a**a% on */ u/ on(y /r+/ *o%on?r& */ 8%on*u&a%)ou a**)*u/, a 9ou*)n or arroan*/(()/r/n%/8 ?r* /+)/n* )n '/*)*)on/r@ &o*)on or )n))*)on/(y)n */)r 'ro*/*a*)on o oo a)*.

5. #$. #$. #$. JA# SENTENCE $#SBENSE$ W#TH #N CASE AT A". = T/ a)( /n*/n%/ on '/*)*)on/r &ay / )'/n/ 7)* 7)(/+)n)%a*)n */ )n)*y o */ %our*. #n */ %a/ o '/*)*)on/r >/((yW)%/r */r/ ) r/a*/r r/aon or o)n o %on)/r)n *a* */'ar*)%u(ar(y oG/n)n a((/a*)on )n */ &o*)on or )n))*)on o no*a''/ar *o a+/ %o&/ ro& )& u* 7/r/ a)*)on &a/ y A**y."ayo. #n a)*)on, W)%/r ) a+an%/ )n y/ar K0L an )n a)()n/a(* KuG/r)n ro& an)naL, a a%* Ju/ Ar%an/( o/ no*)'u*/. An a* (/a* W)%/r a */ ra%/ *o a&)* ) &)*a/. #*

) no*/7or*y Ju/ Ar%an/( 7a a(o 7)(()n *o 7a)+/ */)&'o)*)on o */ a)( /n*/n%/ on '/*)*)on/r un*)( / %a&/ u'on'/*)*)on/r@ /%r)'*)on o )& )n */ )n*an* '/*)*)on.

$ E C # S # ! N

EN$!QA, J '

T) ) a '/*)*)on or %/r*)orar), aa)()n */ or/r a*/$/%/&/r 3, 13 an $/%/&/r 1I, 13 o r/'on/n* Ju/Bau( T. Ar%an/( o */ "/)ona( Tr)a( Cour*, ran% 134 o aa*),?n)n '/*)*)on/r u)(*y o )r/%* %on*/&'* an /n*/n%)n /a%o */& *o uG/r )&'r)on&/n* or ?+/ K5L ay an *o 'ay a ?n/o B100.00.

T/ an*/%//n* a%* ar/ a o((o7

>/((y W)%/r, 7)* ) 7)/ Wyn// $)/''/ an */ T/%*on)% A)aAr%)*/%* an En)n//r)n Co., rou* u)* )n */ "/)ona( Tr)a(Cour* o aa*) aa)n* */ FS En*/r'r)/, #n%. an o*/r, or */annu(&/n* o %/r*a)n // y 7)% a ou/ an (o* a* For/Bar, 7)% */ '(a)n*)G %(a)&/ */y a 'ur%a/, 7aa((//(y rauu(/n*(y *)*(/ )n */ na&/ o */ //nan* FSEn*/r'r)/ an (a*/r o( y */ (a**/r *o %o//nan* Jo/ Bo/.

T/ %a/, o%/*/ a C)+)( Ca/ No. 1404, 7a a)n/ *oran% 134 or&/r(y 'r/)/ o+/r y Ju/ #na%)o Ca'u(on 7o(a*/r 7a r/'(a%/ y r/'on/n* Ju/ Bau( T. Ar%an/(.

#* a''/ar *a* on No+/&/r 1, 13, W)%/r@ %oun/(, A**y.!r(ano A. "ayo, ?(/ a &o*)on //)n */ )n))*)on o */r/'on/n* u/ ro& */ %on)/ra*)on o */ %a/. 1 T/ &o*)ona((// )n '/r*)n/n* 'ar*

1. Ta* /or/ */ A%*)n Br/))n Ju/ *oo o+/r, //nan* FSEn*/r'r)/, #n%. 7a a(/ *o &an/u+/r */ *r// K3L u%%/)+/

'o*'on/&/n* or */ 'r//n*a*)on or %ro-/Da&)na*)on o r."/&/)o Bor%una on /r 10 Auu* 12 A;a+)*, u* /+/n*ua((y,/ 7a no* 'r//n*/

2. /an*)&/, Ju/ [#na%)o] Ca'u(on 7o a u(( ra' o *)%a/ 7a /a/ ou* o ) *a*)on. #n on/ /ar)n, */ A%*)nBr/))n Ju/ a no* y/* r/'or*/ *o ) *a*)on an )n *a* /*/ar)n, %oun/( or //nan* FS En*/r'r)/, #n%. 7o &u*

a+/ no7n *a* H) Honor 7a no* r/'or*)n ) no* ()/7)/a''/ar 7)(/ o*/r %oun/( 7/r/ 'r//n*

3. B(a)n*)G a+/ )nor&a*)on *a* */ A%*)n Br/))n Ju/ 7a'/rona((y r/%ru)*/ ro& */ ou* y A**y. /na&)n San*oan:or ) 7)/, A**y. !/()a Ca(%/*a-San*o, on/ *)&/ &/&/r o */ Ju)%)a( an ar Coun%)(, aa)n* 7o& '(a)n*)G >/((y ". W)%/r?(/ A&)n)*ra*)+/ Ca/ No. 3I6, an a(*ou a) %a/ 7a)&)/, n/+/r*/(/, '(a)n*)G //( *a* )* 7a */ r/aon orA**y. !/()a Ca(%/*a-San*o@ r/()/

4. B(a)n*)G a+/ r/aon *o ou* */ 'ar*)a()*y an )n*/r)*y o H)Honor an *o )+/ a ?*)n %an%/ or '(a)n*)G *o 'ro+/ */)r%a/, )n%/ *) 7)(( / */ (a* %a/ *o r/%o+/r */ 'ar*n/r)''ro'/r*y, '(a)n*)G //( *a* H) Honor )n))* )&/( an /* *)%a/ or r/-raV/

5. T) &o+/ ?n u''or* )n */ "u(/ o Cour* an ur)'ru/n%/*a* )n */ ?r* )n*an%/ *a* a ()*)an* ou* */ 'ar*)a()*y an)n*/r)*y o */ Br/))n Ju/, / ou( )&&/)a*/(y &o+/ or) )n))*)on.

T/ &o*)on 7a +/r)?/ y >/((y W)%/r.

Con)/r)n */ a((/a*)on *o / 8&a()%)ou, /roa*ory an%on*/&'*uou,8 r/'on/n* u/ or/r/ o* %oun/( an %()/n**o a''/ar /or/ )& on No+/&/r 26, 13 an *o o7 %au/7y */y ou( no* / %)*/ or %on*/&'* o %our*.8 2

#n a '(/a)n /n*)*(/ 8!''o)*)on *o an:or Co&&/n* *o o*)on *oC)*/ or $)r/%* Con*/&'* $)r/%*/ Aa)n* B(a)n*)G >/((y ". W)%/ran ) Coun/(,8 A**y. "ayo %(a)&/ *a* */ a((/a*)on )n */&o*)on ) no* n/%/ar)(y /D'r/ ) +)/7 /%au/ / &/r/(y)n/ */ &o*)on 8)n a r/'r//n*a*)+/ %a'a%)*y, )n o*/r 7or,

u* (a7y/r)n,8 or >/((y W)%/r, 7o a) )n a no*/ *o )& *a* a8youn &an 'o)(y /&'(oy/ y */ Cour*8 a a+)/ )& *oa+/ */ %a/ r/-raV/, 7/n */ o''o)n %oun/( A**y. /na&)nSan*o an */ n/7 u/ o* a)(/ *o %o&/ or a /ar)n,/%au/ */)r a/n%/ 7a an )n)%a*)on *a* A**y. San*o n/77o 8*/ u/ &ay / an 7/n / 7ou( a''/ar8. W)%/r@/n/ o )u)/* )n%r/a/ 7/n a* */ n/D* *7o /ar)n, */n/7 u/ a 7/(( a A**y. San*o an */ (a**/r@ 7)*n/, r."/&/)o Bor%una, 7/r/ a(( a/n*, 7)(/ */ o*/r %oun/( 7/r/'r//n*. 3

F)n)n '/*)*)on/r@ /D'(ana*)on una*)a%*ory, r/'on/n* u/,)n an or/r a*/ $/%/&/r 3, 13, /( */& u)(*y o )r/%*%on*/&'* an /n*/n%/ /a% *o uG/r )&'r)on&/n* or ?+/ K5Lay an *o 'ay a ?n/ o B100.00.

B/*)*)on/r ?(/ a &o*)on or r/%on)/ra*)on, 7)% r/'on/n* u/ /n)/ or (a% o &/r)* )n ) or/r o $/%/&/r 1I, 13.

#n */ a&/ or/r r/'on/n* u/ )r/%*/ '/*)*)on/r *o a''/ar/or/ )& on January I, 14 a* 30 a.&. or */ /D/%u*)on o */)r /n*/n%/.

#n */)r '/*)*)on 4 /or/ *) Cour*, >/((y W)%/r an A**y. !r(anoA. "ayo %on*/n *a* r/'on/n* u/ %o&&)**/ a ra+/ au/o ) )%r/*)on )n %)*)n */& or %on*/&'*. T/y aru/ *a*87/n a '/ron, )&'/((/ y u*)?a(/ a''r//n)on an a%*)n )n

a r/'/%*u( &ann/r, a a u/ *o )n))* )&/( ro& /ar)n) %a/, / o/ no* */r/y /%o&/ u)(*y o %on*/&'*.8

#n ) %o&&/n*, 5 r/'on/n* u/ a((// *a* / *oo o+/r aA%*)n Br/))n Ju/ o */ "/)ona( Tr)a( Cour* o aa*), ran%134 y +)r*u/ o A&)n)*ra*)+/ !r/r No. 154-3 a*/ S/'*/&/r2, 13 o *) Cour* an no* /%au/, a '/*)*)on/r a((//, /7a 8'/rona((y r/%ru)*/ ro& */ Sou*8 y A**y. San*o an:or) 7)/, A**y. !/()a Ca(%/*a-San*o *a* / au&/ ) n/7o;%/ on !%*o/r 11, 13 an *ar*/ o()n /)on on!%*o/r 1, 13 *a* 7/n a(( &a(/ '/ronn/( o ) %our* 7/r/'r//n*/ *o '/*)*)on/r >/((y W)%/r / a)(/ *o ')% ou* */ youn&an 7o 7a */ a((// our%/ o */ r/&ar 'ro&'*)n */?()n o */ &o*)on or )n))*)on *a* / 7a no* +)n)%*)+/ an*a* / )n a%* r/ra)n/ ro& )&'(/&/n*)n */ /D/%u*)on o )

or/r a*/ $/%/&/r 3, 13 *o /na(/ '/*)*)on/r *o 8a+a)(*/&/(+/ o a(( 'o)(/ r/&/)/8 *a* a*/r o()n '/*)*)on/r)n %on*/&'*, / )u/ an or/r a*/ $/%/&/r , 13 )n))*)n)&/( ro& *ry)n C)+)( Ca/ No. 1404 *a* A**y. "ayo@ %(a)&*a* / 7a u* 8(a7y/r)n8 an a%*)n a 8*/ +/)%(/ or&ou*')/%/ o ) %()/n*8 ) un*/na(/ /%au/ ) KA**y. "ayo@Lu*)/ *o */ %our* ar/ &or/ )&'or*an* *an *o/ 7)% / o7/*o ) %()/n* an *a* y */n/r)n */)r 8'rou/ a'o(o)/8 )n*/)r &o*)on or r/%on)/ra*)on o */ $/%/&/r 3, 13 or/r,'/*)*)on/r a%no7(// */ a()*y o */)r a%%ua*)on aa)n*)& an *a* */ '/*)*)on/r a+/ *a/n )n%on)*/n* 'o)*)on a*o 7o ou( *ry C)+)( Ca/ No. 1404 /%au/ )n */)r o*)on or#n))*)on a*/ No+/&/r 1, 13 */y a/ *a* */ %a/ /r/raV/ *o ano*/r a(a o */ "TC o aa*), 7)(/ )n */)r '/*)*)ona*/ No+/&/r 2, 13, 7)% */y ?(/ 7)* */ !;%/ o Cour*A&)n)*ra*or, '/*)*)on/r a/ *a* Ju/ Ca'u(on / a((o7/ *o%on*)nu/ /ar)n */ %a/ on */ roun *a* / a a 8u(( ra'o */ %a/.8

#n r/'(y *o */ (a* a((/a*)on o r/'on/n* u/, '/*)*)on/r %(a)&*a* a(*ou */y 7an*/ a r/raV/ o */ %a/, )* 7a u'on */u/*)on o r/'on/n* u/ )&/( *a* */y ?(/ */ '/*)*)on7)* */ Cour* A&)n)*ra*or or */ r/*/n*)on o Ju/ Ca'u(on )n*/ %a/.

Wa* ) )n+o(+/ )n *) %a/ ) an )n*an%/ o )r/%* %on*/&'*,)n%/ )* )n+o(+/ a '(/a)n a((//(y %on*a)n)n /roa*ory,oG/n)+/ or &a()%)ou *a*/&/n* u&)**/ *o */ %our* or u/)n 7)% */ 'ro%//)n ar/ '/n)n, a )*)nu)/ ro& a'(/a)n ?(/ )n ano*/r %a/. T/ or&/r a //n /( *o //u)+a(/n* *o 8&)/a+)or %o&&)**/ )n */ 'r//n%/ o or on/ar a %our* or u/ a *o )n*/rru'* */ 'ro%//)n /or/ */a&/8 7)*)n */ &/an)n o "u(/ I1, 1 o */ "u(/ o Cour* an,*/r/or/, )r/%* %on*/&'*. 6


















7/23/2019 Canon 10 to 13 full


1I

#* ) )&'or*an* *o 'o)n* ou* *) )*)n%*)on /%au/ )n %a/ o )n)r/%* or %on*ru%*)+/ %on*/&'*, */ %on*/&nor &ay / 'un)/on(y 8[a]*/r %ar/ )n 7r)*)n a //n ?(/, an an o''or*un)*y)+/n *o */ a%%u/ *o / /ar y )&/( or %oun/(,8 7/r/a)n %a/ o )r/%* %on*/&'*, */ r/'on/n* &ay / u&&ar)(yau/ )n %on*/&'*. or/o+/r, */ u&/n* )n %a/ o )n)r/%*%on*/&'* ) a''/a(a(/, 7/r/a )n %a/ o )r/%* %on*/&'* on(y

u&/n* o %on*/&'* y TC, CTC an /TC ar/

a''/a(a(/. I

Con/u/n*(y, )* 7a unn/%/ary )n *) %a/ or r/'on/n* u/ *o o( a /ar)n. H/n%/ /+/n ) '/*)*)on/r ar/ r)* aou**/ na*ur/ o */ %a/ aa)n* */& y %on*/n)n *a* )* )n+o(+/)n)r/%* %on*/&'*, */y a+/ no roun or %o&'(a)n* )n%/ */y7/r/ aGor/ a /ar)n /or/ */y 7/r/ /( u)(*y o %on*/&'*.Wa* ) )&'or*an* *o /*/r&)n/ no7 ) 7/*/r r/'on/n* u/%o&&)**/ ra+/ au/ o )%r/*)on )n o()n '/*)*)on/r ()a(/or )r/%* %on*/&'*.

W/ /)n 7)* */ 7or o Ju*)%/ a(%o(& *a* */ 'o7/r *o'un) or %on*/&'* ) *o / /D/r%)/ on */ 'r//r+a*)+/ an no*on */ +)n)%*)+/ 'r)n%)'(/. !n(y o%%a)ona((y ou( )* / )n+o/*o 'r//r+/ *a* r/'/%* 7)*ou* 7)% */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/7)(( a)(. T/ %on*/&'* 'o7/r ou* no* *o / u*)()M/ or */'ur'o/ o &/r/(y a*)y)n an )n%()na*)on *o *r)/ a% a* a 'ar*y

or o7)n (/ *an u(( r/'/%* or */ )n)*y o */ %our*.

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2. /an*)&/, Ju/ Ca'u(on 7o a u(( ra' o *) %a/ 7a/a/ ou* o ) *a*)on. #n on/ /ar)n, */ A%*)n Br/))n Ju/a no* y/* r/'or*/ *o ) *a*)on an )n *a* /* /ar)n, %oun/(or //nan* FS En*/r'r)/, #n%. 7o &u* a+/ no7n *a* H)Honor 7a no* r/'or*)n ) no* ()/7)/ a''/ar 7)(/ o*/r%oun/( 7/r/ 'r//n*

3. B(a)n*)G a+/ )nor&a*)on *a* */ A%*)n Br/))n Ju/ 7a'/rona((y r/%ru)*/ ro& */ ou* y A**y. /na&)n San*oan:or ) 7)/, A**y. !/()a Ca(%/*a-San*o, on/ *)&/ &/&/r o */ Ju)%)a( an ar Coun%)(, aa)n* 7o& '(a)n*)G >/((y ". W)%/r?(/ A&)n)*ra*)+/ Ca/ No. 3I6, an a(*ou a) %a/ 7a)&)/, n/+/r*/(/, '(a)n*)G //( *a* )* 7a */ r/aon orA**y. !/()a Ca(%/*a-San*o@ r/()/

(/a *o no o*/r %on%(u)on *an *a* r/'on/n* u/ 7a/o(/n *o */ o''o)n %oun/( )n */ %a/, A**y. /na&)nSan*o, *o 7o& or *o 7o/ 7)/, */ u/ o7/ ) *ran/r *o*/ "TC o aa*), 7)% n/%/)*a*/ 8/a)n ou*8 */ or&/r

u/ *o &a/ roo& or u% *ran/r.

T// a((/a*)on ar/ /roa*ory *o */ )n*/r)*y an onor o r/'on/n* u/ an %on*)*u*/ an un7arran*/ %r)*)%)& o */a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ )n *) %oun*ry. T/y u/* *a* (a7y/r,) */y ar/ 7/(( %onn/%*/, %an &an)'u(a*/ */ a)n&/n* o

u/ *o */)r a+an*a/. T/ *ru* ) *a* */ a)n&/n* o Ju/ Ar%an/( an Ca'u(on 7/r/ &a/ y *) Cour*, y +)r*u/

o A&)n)*ra*)+/ !r/r No. 154-3, 'r/%)/(y 8)n */ )n*/r/* o an/;%)/n* a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ an 'uruan* *o S/%. 5 K3L, Ar*.<### o */ Con*)*u*)on.8 10 T) ) a &a**/r o r/%or 7)% %ou(a+/ /a)(y //n +/r)?/ y A**y. "ayo. A*/r a((, a / %(a)&, /8/()/ra*/8 or *7o &on* 7/*/r or no* *o ?(/ */ oG/n)n&o*)on or )n))*)on a ) % ()/n* a((//(y a/ )& *o o.

#n /D*/nua*)on o ) o7n ()a)()*y, A**y. "ayo %(a)& / &/r/(y )

7a* / a //n )/n *o o y ) %()/n* o 7o& / 7a&/r/(y a 8&ou*')/%/.8 H/ 7a u* 8(a7y/r)n8 an 8/ %anno* /a/,8 /+/n ) */ a((/a*)on )n */ &o*)on or */ )n))*)on7)% / 'r/'ar/ an ?(/ 7/r/ a(/ )n%/ )* 7a ) %()/n* 7o+/r)?/ */ a&/.

To / ur/, 7a* W)%/r a) )n ) no*/ *o A**y. "ayo 7a *a* /a //n *o( y an un)/n*)?/ youn &an, 7o& / *ou* *o/ /&'(oy/ )n */ %our*, *a* )* //&/ */ o''o)n %oun/(,A**y. San*o, n/7 7o */ r/'(a%/&/n* u/ 7a, /%au/ A**y.San*o ) no* o7 u' )n %our* on */ a&/ ay */ n/7 u/a)(/ *o %o&/. #* 7ou(, */r/or/, a''/ar *a* */ o*/ra((/a*)on )n */ &o*)on *a* r/'on/n* u/ a //n8'/rona((y r/%ru)*/8 y */ o''o)n %oun/( *o r/'(a%/ Ju/Ca'u(on 7o a //n 8/a/ ou*8 7/r/ A**y. "ayo@ an no*W)%/r@. A**y. "ayo ) *u un/r*a*)n ) 'ar* )n */'r/'ara*)on o */ &o*)on or )n))*)on.

A**y. "ayo, o7/+/r, %anno* /+a/ r/'on))()*y or */a((/a*)on )n u/*)on. A a (a7y/r, / ) no* u* an )n*ru&/n* o ) %()/n*. H) %()/n* %a&/ *o )& or 'ro/)ona( a)*an%/ )n */r/'r//n*a*)on o a %au/, an 7)(/ / o7/ )& 7o(/-ou(//+o*)on, */r/ 7/r/ oun /* y ) r/'on))()*y a a (a7y/r7)% / %ou( no* o+/r*/'. 11 E+/n a )r/ un %anno* //D%u/ or 7a* A**y. "ayo *a*/ )n */ &o*)on. a/ on Canon11 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y, A**y. "ayo /ar a&u% r/'on))()*y or */ %on*/&'*uou a((/a*)on )n */ &o*)onor )n))*)on a ) %()/n*.

A**y. "ayo@ u*y *o */ %our* ) no* /%onary *o *a* o ) %() /n*. T/ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y /no)n )& *o 8o/r+/an &a)n*a)n */ r/'/%* u/ *o */ %our* an *o u)%)a( o;%/ran [*o] )n)* on )&)(ar %onu%* y o*/r8 12 an 8no* [*o]a**r)u*/ *o a Ju/ &o*)+/ no* u''or*/ y */ r/%or or a+/&a*/r)a()*y *o */ %a/.8 13

A*/r */ r/'on/n* u/ a a+ora(y r/'on/ *o '/*)*)on/r@8'rou/ a'o(o)/8 an )n)%a*/ *a* / 7ou( (/* */& oG 7)* a?n/, 7)*ou* any a)( /n*/n%/, '/*)*)on/r /r+/ on r/'on/n*

u/ a %o'y o */)r )n*an* '/*)*)on 7)% 'ray/ )n 'ar* *a*8"/'on/n* Ju/ Bau( T. Ar%an/( / "E<E"TE$ *o ) or&/r*a*)on. H/ )&'(y %anno* o )n */ "TC o aa*) 7/r/ &or/%o&'(/D %a/ ar/ /ar/ K)%L un()/ )n $a+ao C)*y.8 # no*)n/(/, *) '/rona( a**a% on */ u/ on(y /r+/ *o %on?r& */8%on*u&a%)ou a**)*u/, a 9ou*)n or arroan* /(()/r/n%/8 ?r*/+)/n* )n '/*)*)on/r@ &o*)on or )n))*)on /(y)n */)r'ro*/*a*)on o oo a)*.

B/*)*)on/r %)*/ */ o((o7)n *a*/&/n* )n Au*r)a +. aau/( 14

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ro& *ry)n, or ro& 'ar*)%)'a*)n )n */ %on)/ra*)on o a %a/,u* %ar%/(y 7/r/ */ &o+an* 'un)/ or %on*/&'*, /+/n ) */roun u'on 7)% */y a/ */)r &o*)on or )ua()?%a*)onar/ no* a&on *o/ 'ro+)/ )n */ ru(/. #* ) on(y 7/n */r/7a )r/%* )&'u*a*)on o )a or 'r/u)%/, or a *uorn )n)*/n%/*o )ua()y */ u/, on/ )n a &a()%)ou, arroan*, /(()/r/n*an )r/'/%*u( &ann/r, *a* &o+an* 7/r/ /( )n %on*/&'* o %our*.

#* ) */ /%on /n*/n%/ ra*/r *an */ ?r* *a* a''()/ *o *)%a/.

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#n C/n)Ma +. S/a*)an, 15 7)% ()/7)/ )n+o(+/ a &o*)on or)n))*)on 7)% /%r)/ */ u/ 8%orru'*,8 */ Cour*, 7)(/?n)n %oun/( u)(*y o )r/%* %on*/&'*, r/&o+/ */ a)(/n*/n%/ o 10 ay )&'o/ y */ *r)a( %our* or */ r/aon *a*

H/r/, 7)(/ */ 7or 7/r/ %on*u&a%)ou, )* ) ar *o r/)* */%on%(u)on, %on)/r)n */ a%roun o *) o%%urr/n%/ *a*r/'on/n* Ju/ )n )&'o)n */ */n-ay /n*/n%/ 7a no* u(y&)nu( o */ /Da%*)n *anar [o] 'r//r+a*)on o */ )n)*y o ) o;%/ no* )nu()n ) /n/ o r)/+an%/ /* */ ()&)* o */au*or)*y / ) /n*)*(/ *o /D/r%)/. #* ) */ +)/7 o */ Cour* *a*un/r */ %)r%u&*an%/ */ ?n/ )&'o/ ou( / )n%r/a/ *oB500.00.

T/ a&/ u*)?%a*)on a(o o( *ru/ )n *) %a/.

WHE"EF!"E, */ or/r o $/%/&/r 3, 13 ) !$#F#E$ y$EET#N */ /n*/n%/ o )&'r)on&/n* or ?+/ K5L ay an#NC"EAS#N */ ?n/ ro& B100.00 *o B200.00 or /a% o */'/*)*)on/r.

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KW)%/r +. Ar%an/(, .". No. 1126, January 2, 16L

[A.. No. 10-10-4-SC. ar% , 2011.]

"E ETTE" !F THE UB AW FACUTY ENT#TE$ 8"EST!"#N#NTE"#TY A STATEENT Y THE FACUTY !F THE UN#<E"S#TY !F

THE BH##BB#NES C!EE !F AW !N THE AEAT#!NS !FBA#A"#S AN$ #S"EB"ESENTAT#!N #N THE SUB"EE C!U"T8

$EC#S#!N

E!NA"$!-$E CAST"!, J '

For )'o)*)on o */ Cour* ar/ */ +ar)ou u&))on o */ 3Ir/'on/n* (a7 'ro/or 1 )n r/'on/ *o */ "/o(u*)on a*/!%*o/r 1, 2010 K*/ So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)onL, )r/%*)n */& *oo7 %au/ 7y */y ou( no* / )%)'()n/ a &/&/r o */ar or +)o(a*)on o '/%)?% 'ro+))on o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona("/'on))()*y /nu&/ra*/ */r/)n.

A* */ ou*/*, )* &u* / *r// *a* */ So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)on%(/ar(y o%/* *) a an a&)n)*ra*)+/ &a**/r, no* a '/%)a( %)+)(a%*)on or )n)r/%* %on*/&'* un/r "u(/ I1 o */ "u(/ o Cour*,%on*rary *o */ )/n*)n o')n)on o Ao%)a*/ Ju*)%/ ar)aour/ B. A. S/r/no KJu*)%/ S/r/noL *o */ a) !%*o/r 1, 2010

So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)on. N/)*/r ) *) a )%)'()nary 'ro%//)nroun/ on an a((//(y )rr/u(ar(y %on%(u/ ?n)n o )n)r/%*%on*/&'* a )n*)&a*/ y Ao%)a*/ Ju*)%/ Con%)*a Car')oora(/ KJu*)%/ ora(/L )n /r )/n*)n o')n)on *o o* */!%*o/r 1, 2010 So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)on an */ 'r//n* /%))on.

W)* */ na*ur/ o *) %a/ a 'ur/(y a ar )%)'()nary 'ro%//)n?r&(y )n &)n, */ Cour* ?n *a* 7)* */ /D%/'*)on o on/r/'on/n* 7o/ %o&'()an%/ 7a a/ua*/ an ano*/r 7o&an)/*/ / 7a no* a &/&/r o */ B)()'')n/ ar, */u&)**/ /D'(ana*)on, /)n &/r/ /n)a( an:or *an/n*)a( *o*/ )u/ a* an, ar/ /%)/(y una*)a%*ory. T/ 'roG/r///n/ /+/n &or/ ur/n*(y /oo+/ *) Cour* *o %a(( */a**/n*)on o r/'on/n* (a7 'ro/or, 7o ar/ &/&/r o */ar, *o */ r/(a*)on)' o */)r u*)/ a u% un/r */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y *o */)r %)+)( r)* a %)*)M/n ana%a/&)% )n our r// an /&o%ra*)% r/'u()%.

T/ 'ro+))on o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y )n+o(+/)n *) %a/ ar/ a o((o7 E$SH%T

CAN!N 1 = A (a7y/r a(( u'o( */ %on*)*u*)on, o/y */ (a7o */ (an an 'ro&o*/ r/'/%* or (a7 an (/a( 'ro%//.

"UE 1.02 = A (a7y/r a(( no* %oun/( or a/* a%*)+)*)/ a)&/ a*/?an%/ o */ (a7 or a* (//n)n %on?/n%/ )n */ (/a( y*/&.

CAN!N 10 = A (a7y/r o7/ %anor, a)rn/ an oo a)* *o */%our*.

"u(/ 10.01 = A (a7y/r a(( no* o any a(/oo, nor %on/n* *o*/ o)n o any )n %our* nor a(( / &)(/a, or a((o7 */ Cour**o / &)(/ y any ar*)?%/.

"u(/ 10.02 = A (a7y/r a(( no* no7)n(y &)uo*/ or&)r/'r//n* */ %on*/n* o 'a'/r, */ (anua/ or */ aru&/n*o o''o)n %oun/(, or */ */D* o a /%))on or au*or)*y, orno7)n(y %)*/ a (a7 a 'ro+))on a(r/ay r/n/r/ )no'/ra*)+/ yr/'/a( or a&/n&/n*, or a/r* a a a%* *a* 7)% a no* //n'ro+/.

"u(/ 10.03 = A (a7y/r a(( o/r+/ */ ru(/ o 'ro%/ur/ an

a(( no* &)u/ */& *o //a* */ /n o u*)%/.

CAN!N 11 = A (a7y/r a(( o/r+/ an &a)n*a)n */ r/'/%* u/*o */ %our* an *o u)%)a( o;%/r an ou( )n)* on )&)(ar%onu%* y o*/r.

"UE 11.05 = A (a7y/r a(( u&)* r)/+an%/ aa)n* a Ju/ *o*/ 'ro'/r au*or)*)/ on(y.

CAN!N 13 = A (a7y/r a(( r/(y u'on */ &/r)* o ) %au/ anr/ra)n ro& any )&'ro'r)/*y 7)% */n *o )n9u/n%/, or )+/ */a''/aran%/ o )n9u/n%)n */ %our*.

E*a()/ ur)'ru/n%/ 7)(( un/n)a(y u''or* our +)/7 *a*7/n (a7y/r '/a */)r &)n, */y &u* /+/r / &)nu( o */)r 7orn oa* *o o/r+/ /*)%a( *anar o */)r 'ro/)on,an )n 'ar*)%u(ar, a+o) ou( an au)+/ (anua/ *o %on/&n */

Su'r/&/ Cour*, or any %our* or *a* &a**/r, or a /%))on )* ar/n/r/, /'/%)a((y ur)n */ '/n/n%y o a &o*)on or u%/%))on@ r/%on)/ra*)on. T/ a%%ua*)on o '(a)ar)& aa)n* a&/&/r o *) Cour* ) no* */ r/a( )u/ /r/ u* ra*/r *)'(a)ar)& )u/ a //n u/ *o /9/%* /+/ryon/@ a**/n*)onro& */ a%*ua( %on%/rn o *) Cour* *o /*/r&)n/ y r/'on/n*@/D'(ana*)on 7/*/r or no* r/'on/n* &/&/r o */ ar a+/%ro/ */ ()n/ o /%/n%y an a%%/'*a(/ 'ro/)ona( %onu%*an '//% an +)o(a*/ */ "u(/ o Cour* *rou )&'ro'/r)n*/r+/n*)on or )n*/r/r/n%/ a *)r 'ar*)/ *o a '/n)n %a/.Br/()&)nar)(y, )* ou( / *r// *a* )* 7a r/'on/n**/&/(+/ 7o %a((/ u'on */ Su'r/&/ Cour* *o a%* on */)rS*a*/&/n*, 2 7)% */y or&a((y u&)**/, *rou $/an ar+)%.<.F. /on/n K$/an /on/nL, or */ Cour*@ 'ro'/r )'o)*)on.Con)/r)n */ //n/ o r//o& o '//% an a%a/&)%r//o& )n+o/ y */ r/'on/n*, )* ) 7or* )%u)n /r/*a* */ (/a( r/aon)n u/ )n */ 'a* y *) Cour* *o ru(/ *a*r//o& o /D'r/)on ) no* a //n/ )n a&)n)*ra*)+/ %a/aa)n* (a7y/r or u)n )n*/&'/ra*/ '//% )n o'/n %our* or )n%our* u&))on %an )&)(ar(y / a''()/ *o r/'on/n*@)n+o%a*)on o a%a/&)% r//o&. #n//, )* ) 'r/%)/(y /%au/r/'on/n* ar/ no* &/r/(y (a7y/r u* (a7y/r 7o */a% (a7an &ou( */ &)n o youn a')r)n a**orn/y *a*r/'on/n*@ o7n non-o/r+an%/ o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona("/'on))()*y, /+/n ) 'ur'or*/(y &o*)+a*/ y */ 'ur/* o )n*/n*)on, %anno* / )nor/ nor (o/ o+/r y *)Cour*. a%HT#C

To u((y a''r/%)a*/ */ ra+/ r/'/r%u)on o r/'on/n*@a%*ua*)on, )* ) a'ro'o *o r/+))* */ a%*ua( an*/%//n* o *)%a/.

AC>"!UN$ !F THE CASE

An*/%//n* Fa%* an Bro%//)n

!n A'r)( 2, 2010, */ 'on/n%)a o Ao%)a*/ Ju*)%/ ar)ano /(Ca*)((o KJu*)%/ $/( Ca*)((oL )n <)nuya, /* a(. +. ED/%u*)+/S/%r/*ary K.". No. 162230L 7a 'ro&u(a*/. !n ay 31, 2010,*/ %oun/( 3 or <)nuya, /* a(. K*/ 8a(aya o(a8L, ?(/ a o*)onor "/%on)/ra*)on o */ <)nuya /%))on, ra))n o(/(y */o((o7)n roun

#. !U" !WN C!NST#TUT#!NA AN$ JU"#SB"U$ENT#A H#ST!"#ES

"EJECT TH#S H!N!"AE C!U"TS@ KS#CL ASSE"T#!N THAT THEEPECUT#<E@S F!"E#N B!#CY B"E"!AT#<ES A"E <#"TUAYUN##TE$ B"EC#SEY, UN$E" THE "EE<ANT JU"#SB"U$ENCEAN$ C!NST#TUT#!NA B"!<#S#!NS, SUCH B"E"!AT#<ES A"EB"!SC"#E$ Y #NTE"NAT#!NA HUAN "#HTS AN$HUAN#TA"#AN STAN$A"$S, #NCU$#N TH!SE B"!<#$E$ F!" #N

THE "EE<ANT #NTE"NAT#!NA C!N<ENT#!NS !F WH#CH THEBH##BB#NES #S A BA"TY. 4

##. TH#S H!N!"AE C!U"T HAS C!NFUSE$ $#B!AT#CB"!TECT#!N W#TH THE "!A$E", #F FUN$AENTA,"ESB!NS###TY !F STATES T! B"!TECT THE HUAN "#HTS !F#TS C#T#QENS = ESBEC#AY WHE"E THE "#HTS ASSE"TE$ A"ESUJECT !F E"A !NES !#AT#!NS AN$ BE"TA#N T! JUSC!ENS N!"S. 5

!n Ju(y 1, 2010, 6 %oun/( or */ a(aya o(a, A**y. H. Harry .

"ou/, Jr. KA**y. "ou/L an "o&/( "/a(ao aar/ KA**y.aar/L, ?(/ a Su''(/&/n*a( o*)on or "/%on)/ra*)on )n.". No. 162230, 7/r/ */y 'o)*/ or */ ?r* *)&/ */)r %ar/o '(a)ar)& a on/ o */ roun or r/%on)/ra*)on o */ <)nuya /%))on. A&on o*/r aru&/n*, A**y. "ou/ anaar/ a/r*/ *a*

#.

#N THE F#"ST B ACE, #T #S H#HY #B"!BE" F!" TH#S H!N!"AEC!U"T@S JU$ENT !F AB"# 2, 2010 T! BA#A"#QE AT EAST

TH"EE S!U"CES = AN A"T#CE BU#SHE$ #N 200 #N THE YAEAW J!U"NA !F #NTE"NAT#!NA AW, A !!> BU#SHE$ Y

THE CA"#$E UN#<E"S#TY B"ESS #N 2005 AN$ AN A"T#CEBU#SHE$ #N 2006 #N THE CASE WESTE"N "ESE"<E J!U"NA !F#NTE"NAT#!NA AW = AN$ A>E #T ABBEA" THAT THESES!U"CES SUBB!"T THE JU$ENT@S A"UENTS F!"$#S#SS#N THE #NSTANT BET#T#!N WHEN #N T"UTH, THEBA#A"#QE$ S!U"CES E<EN A>E A ST"!N CASE F!" THEBET#T#!N@S CA#S. I

T/y a(o %(a)&/ *a* 8[)]n *) %on*ro+/ry, */ /+)/n%/ /arou* */ a%* no* on(y o /D*/n)+/ '(a)ar)& u* o K)%L a(oo *7)*)n */ *ru/ )n*/n* o */ '(a)ar)M/ our%/ y*/ 'on/n%)a *o u)* */ aru&/n* o */ aa)(/ Ju&/n* or/ny)n */ B/*)*)on.8 HE$CAS

A%%or)n *o A**y. "ou/ an aar/, */ 7or a((//(y'(a)ar)M/ )n */ <)nuya /%))on 7/r/ na&/(y K1L E+an J. Cr)(/an E+an FoD-$/%/n*@ ar*)%(/ 8A F)u%)ary T/ory o JuCo/n8 K2L Cr)*)an J. Ta&@ oo Enor%)n Era !&n/!()a*)on )n #n*/rna*)ona( a7 10 an K3L ar E(()@ ar*)%(/8r/a)n */ S)(/n%/ !n "a'/ a an #n*/rna*)ona( Cr)&/.8 11

http://cdasiaonline.com/jurisprudences/54368?hits%5B%5D%5Bid%5D=54616&hits%5B%5D%5Btype%5D=Jurisprudence&hits%5B%5D%5Bid%5D=54083&hits%5B%5D%5Btype%5D=Jurisprudence&hits%5B%5D%5Bid%5D=54368&hits%5B%5D%5Btype%5D=Jurisprudence&path=%2Fjurisprudences%2Fsearch&q%5Bcitation_finder%5D=&q%5Bfull_text%5D=&q%5Bissue_no%5D=A.M.+No.+10-10-4-SC&q%5Bponente%5D=&q%5Bsyllabus%5D=&q%5Btitle%5D=&q%5Butf8%5D=%E2%9C%93&q%5Byear_end%5D=&q%5Byear_start%5D=#footnote1_0


































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!n */ a&/ ay a */ ?()n o */ Su''(/&/n*a( o*)on or"/%on)/ra*)on on Ju(y 1, 2010, ourna()* Ar)/ C. "uo anBur'(/ S. "o&/ro 'o*/ an ar*)%(/, /n*)*(/ 8SC u*)%/ '(a)ar)M/'ar* o ru()n on %o&or* 7o&/n,8 on */ N/7r/a7/)*/. 12 T/ a&/ ar*)%(/ a''/ar/ on */ A N/7 T<7/)*/ a(o on Ju(y 1, 2010. 13

!n Ju(y 22, 2010, A**y. "ou/@ %o(u&n, /n*)*(/ 8B(a)ar)M/ an

T7)*/,8 a''/ar/ )n */ an)(a S*anar Toay. 14 #n */ a)%o(u&n, A**y. "ou/ %(a)&/ *a* Bro. E+an Cr)(/, on/ o */au*or 'ur'or*/(y no* 'ro'/r(y a%no7(// )n*/ <)nuya /%))on, %on?r&/ *a* ) 7or, %o-au*or/ 7)*Bro. E+an FoD-$/%/n*, a //n '(a)ar)M/. A**y. "ou/ uo*/Bro. Cr)(/@ r/'on/ *o */ 'o* y Ju()an >u r/ar)n */ n/7r/'or* 15 on */ a((// '(a)ar)& )n */ )n*/rna*)ona( (a7(o, !')n)o Jur). Bro. Cr)(/ r/'on/ *o >u@ (o /n*ry )n *)7)/

T/ n/7'a'/r@ 16 ['(a)ar)&] %(a)& ar/ a/ on a &o*)on orr/%on)/ra*)on ?(/ y/*/ray 7)* */ B)()'')n/ Su'r/&/ Cour*y/*/ray. T/ &o*)on ) a+a)(a(/ /r/

**'::arryrou/.%o&:2010:0I:1:u''(/&/n*a(-&o*)on-a((/)n-'(a)ar)&-)n-*/-u'r/&/-%our*:

T/ &o*)on u/* *a* */ Cour*@ /%))on %on*a)n *)r*y-our/n*/n%/ an %)*a*)on *a* ar/ )/n*)%a( *o /n*/n%/ an%)*a*)on )n &y 200 YJ# ar*)%(/ K%o-au*or/ 7)* E+an FoD-$/%/n*L. Bro/or FoD-$/%/n* an # 7/r/ una7ar/ o */'/*)*)on/r@ ['(a)ar)&] a((/a*)on un*)( a*/r */ &o*)on 7a ?(/*oay.

S'/a)n or &y/(, */ &o* *rou()n a'/%* o */ %our*@ u%o/n )%u)on ) *a* )* )&'()/ *a* */ 'ro))*)on aa)n*%r)&/ aa)n* u&an)*y, /Dua( (a+/ry, an *or*ur/ ar/ no* u%o/n nor&. !ur ar*)%(/ /&'a*)%a((y a/r* */ o''o)*/. T/Su'r/&/ Cour*@ /%))on ) a+a)(a(//r/**'::%.u)%)ary.o+.':ur)'ru/n%/:2010:a'r)(2010:162230.*& 1I

!n /+/n a*/, Ju(y 22, 2010, Ju*)%/ $/( Ca*)((o 7ro*/ *o )%o((/au/ on */ Cour* )n r/'(y *o */ %ar/ o '(a)ar)&%on*a)n/ )n */ Su''(/&/n*a( o*)on or "/%on)/ra*)on. 1

#n a (/**/r a*/ Ju(y 23, 2010, ano*/r 'ur'or*/(y '(a)ar)M/au*or )n */ <)nuya /%))on, $r. ar E((), 7ro*/ */ Cour*, *o7)*

Your Honour SE%THA

# 7r)*/ %on%/rn)n a &o* /()%a*/ )u/ *a* a %o&/ *o &ya**/n*)on )n */ (a* /7 ay.

u% a # r/r/* *o ra)/ *) &a**/r /or/ your /*//&/ Cour*, #a& %o&'/((/, a a u/*)on o */ )n*/r)*y o &y 7or a ana%a/&)% an a an a+o%a*/ o u&an r)* an u&an)*ar)an(a7, *o *a/ /D%/'*)on *o */ 'o)(/ unau*or)M/ u/ o &y (a7r/+)/7 ar*)%(/ on ra'/ a an )n*/rna*)ona( %r)&/ )n your /*//&/Cour*@ Ju&/n* )n */ %a/ o <)nuya, /* a(. +. ED/%u*)+/S/%r/*ary, /* a(. K.". No. 162230, Ju&/n* o 2 A'r)( 2010L.

y a**/n*)on 7a %a((/ *o */ Ju&/n* an */ )u/ o 'o)(/'(a)ar)& y */ B)()'')n/ %a'*/r o */ Sou*/a* A)a /)a/a( $//n%/ #n)*)a*)+/ KSEA$#L,1 an a;()a*/ o */ onon-a/ /)a /a( $//n%/ #n)*)a*)+/ K$#L, 7/r/ # )* a *ru*//.

#n 'ar*)%u(ar, # a& %on%/rn/ aou* a (ar/ 'ar* o */ /D*/n)+/)%u)on )n oo*no*/ 65, ''. 2I-2, o */ a) Ju&/n* o your/*//&/ Cour*. # a& a(o %on%/rn/ *a* your /*//&/ Cour*

&ay a+/ &)r/a */ aru&/n* # &a/ )n */ ar*)%(/ an/&'(oy/ */& or %ro 'ur'o/. T) 7ou( / )ron)% )n%/ */ar*)%(/ 7a 7r)**/n 'r/%)/(y *o aru/ or */ a''ro'r)a*/ (/a(r/&/y or +)%*)& o 7ar %r)&/, /no%)/, an %r)&/ aa)n*u&an)*y.

# /()/+/ a u(( %o'y o &y ar*)%(/ a 'u()/ )n */ Ca/ W/*/rn"//r+/ Journa( o #n*/rna*)ona( a7 )n 2006 a //n &a/a+a)(a(/ *o your /*//&/ Cour*. # *ru* *a* your /*//&/ Cour*7)(( *a/ */ *)&/ *o %ar/u((y *uy */ aru&/n* # &a/ )n */ar*)%(/.

# 7ou( a''r/%)a*/ r/%/)+)n a r/'on/ ro& your /*//&/ Cour*a *o */ )u/ ra)/ y *) (/**/r.

W)* r/'/%*,

KS.L$r. ar E(() 20

#n /&oranu& !r/r No. 35-2010 )u/ on Ju(y 2I, 2010, */Cour* or&/ */ Co&&)**// on E*)% an E*)%a( S*anar K*/E*)% Co&&)**//L 'uruan* *o S/%*)on 13, "u(/ 2 o */ #n*/rna("u(/ o */ Su'r/&/ Cour*. #n an En an% "/o(u*)on a(o a*/

Ju(y 2I, 2010, */ Cour* r//rr/ */ Ju(y 22, 2010 (/**/r o Ju*)%/$/( Ca*)((o *o */ E*)% Co&&)**//. T/ &a**/r 7a u/u/n*(yo%/*/ a A.. No. 10-I-1I-SC.

!n Auu* 2, 2010, */ E*)% Co&&)**// r/u)r/ A**y. "ou/an aar/ *o %o&&/n* on */ (/**/r o Ju*)%/ $/( Ca*)((o. 21

!n Auu* , 2010, a *a*/&/n* a*/ Ju(y 2I, 2010, /n*)*(/8"/*or)n #n*/r)*y A S*a*/&/n* y */ Fa%u(*y o */ Un)+/r)*yo */ B)()'')n/ Co((// o a7 on */ A((/a*)on o B(a)ar)&an )r/'r//n*a*)on )n */ Su'r/&/ Cour*8 K*/ S*a*/&/n*L, 7a'o*/ )n N/7r/a@ 7/)*/ 22 an on A**y. "ou/@ (o. 23 Ar/'or* r/ar)n */ *a*/&/n* a(o a''/ar/ on +ar)ou on-()n/n/7 )*/, u% a */ A N/7 T< 24 an */ Sun S*ar 25 )*/,on */ a&/ a*/. T/ *a*/&/n* 7a ()/7)/ 'o*/ a* */Un)+/r)*y o */ B)()'')n/ Co((// o a7@ u((/*)n oara((//(y on Auu* 10, 2010 26 an a* a) %o((//@7/)*/. 2I $HACES

!n Auu* 11, 2010, $/an /on/n u&)**/ a %o'y o */S*a*/&/n* o */ Un)+/r)*y o */ B)()'')n/ Co((// o a7Fa%u(*y KUB a7 a%u(*yL *o */ Cour*, *rou C)/ Ju*)%/ "/na*oC. Corona KC)/ Ju*)%/ CoronaL. T/ %o+/r (/**/r a*/ Auu* 10,2010 o $/an /on/n r/a

T/ Honora(/

Su'r/&/ Cour* o */ "/'u()% o */ B)()'')n/

Trou Hon. "/na*o C. CoronaC)/ Ju*)%/

Su/%* S*a*/&/n* o a%u(*yro& */ UB Co((// o a7on */ B(a)ar)& )n */ %a/ o<)nuya +. ED/%u*)+/ S/%r/*ary

Your Honor

W/ a**a% or your )nor&a*)on an 'ro'/r )'o)*)on a *a*/&/n*)n/ y *)r*y[-]/)* K3L 2 &/&/r o */ a%u(*y o */ UBCo((// o a7. W/ o'/ *a* )* 'o)n* %ou( / %on)/r/ y */Su'r/&/ Cour* /n an%.

"/'/%*u((y,

KS.L

ar+)% .<.F. /on/n

$/an an Bro/or o a7

KE&'a/ u''()/.L

T/ %o'y o */ S*a*/&/n* a**a%/ *o */ ao+/-uo*/ (/**/r )no* %on*a)n */ a%*ua( )na*ur/ o */ a((// )na*or)/ u*on(y *a*/ */ na&/ o 3I UB a7 'ro/or 7)* */ no*a*)onKS$.L a''/ar)n /)/ /a% na&/. For %on+/n)/n* r//r/n%/, */*/D* o */ UB a7 a%u(*y S*a*/&/n* ) r/'rou%/ /r/

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#n %o&&on 'ar(an%/, @'(a)ar)&@ ) */ a''ro'r)a*)on an&)r/'r//n*a*)on o ano*/r '/ron@ 7or a on/@ o7n. #n */?/( o 7r)*)n, )* ) %/a*)n a* /*, an */a()n a* 7or*. #*%on*)*u*/ a *a)n o o&/on/ /(/@ )/a an /D'r/)on,)n%(u)n a(( */ /Gor* an %r/a*)+)*y *a* 7/n* )n*o %o&&)**)nu% )/a an /D'r/)on )n*o 7r)*)n, an */n &a)n )* a''/ar*a* u% )/a an /D'r/)on 7/r/ or))na((y %r/a*/ y */*a/r. #* ) )on/*y, 'ur/ an )&'(/. A u)%)a( y*/& *a*

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So ar */r/ a+/ //n una*)a%*ory r/'on/ ro&*/ 'on/n*/ o *) %a/ an */ 'o/&an o */ Cour*.

#* ) aru/, or /Da&'(/, *a* */ )n%(u)on o */ oo*no*/ ro&*/ or))na( ar*)%(/ ) a r//r/n%/ *o */ @'r)&ary@ our%/ r/()/u'on. T) %urory /D'(ana*)on ) no* a%%/'*a(/, /%au/ */or))na( au*or@ 7r)*)n an */ /Gor* */y 'u* )n*o ?n)n anu&&ar)M)n *o/ 'r)&ary our%/ ar/ 'r/%)/(y */ u/%* o '(a)ar)&. T/ )n%(u)on o */ oo*no*/ *o/*/r 7)* 'or*)on o */)r 7r)*)n )n a%* ara+a*/, )n*/a o &)*)a*/, */'(a)ar)& )n%/ )* 'ro+)/ a)*)ona( /+)/n%/ o a /()/ra*/)n*/n*)on *o a''ro'r)a*/ */ or))na( au*or@ 7or o oran)M)nan ana(yM)n *o/ 'r)&ary our%/.

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T/ Cour* %anno* r/a)n )* %r/))()*y an &a)n*a)n )* &ora(au*or)*y 7)*ou* /nur)n *a* )* o7n %onu%*, 7/*/r%o((/%*)+/(y or *rou )* /&/r, ) /yon r/'roa%. T)n/%/ar)(y )n%(u/ /nur)n *a* no* on(y */ %on*/n*, u* a(o*/ 'ro%// o 'r/'ar)n an 7r)*)n )* o7n /%))on, ar/%r/)(/ an /yon u/*)on. T/ <)nuya $/%))on &u* /%on%)/n*)ou(y r/+)/7/ an no* %aua((y %a* a)/, ) no* or */'ur'o/ o an%*)on, */n a* (/a* or */ 'ur'o/ o r/9/%*)on anu)an%/. #* ) an ao(u*/(y //n*)a( */' *o7ar *//*a()&/n* o a )/r *anar o 'ro/)ona( %ar/ an'ra%*)%a( %o(ar)' )n */ /n% an ar, 7)% ar/ %r)*)%a( *o)&'ro+)n */ y*/& o a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ )n */B)()'')n/. #* ) a(o a +/ry %ru%)a( */' )n /nur)n */ 'o)*)on o */ Su'r/&/ Cour* a */ F)na( Ar)*/r o a(( %on*ro+/r)/ a'o)*)on *a* r/u)r/ %o&'/*/n%/ an )n*/r)*y %o&'(/*/(y ao+/any an a(( r/'roa%, )n a%%oran%/ 7)* */ /Da%*)n /&an o

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#n a "/o(u*)on a*/ !%*o/r 1, 2010, */ Cour* /n an% &a/*/ o((o7)n o/r+a*)on r/ar)n */ UB a7 Fa%u(*yS*a*/&/n*

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B(a)ar)&, /*%. Aa)n* Ao%)a*/ Ju*)%/ ar)ano C. $/( Ca*)((oKA.. No. 10-I-1I-SCL. I4

Co&'()an%/ an "//r+a*)on o Bro."oa ar)a T. Juan-au*)*a

A(*ou a(r/ay )n%(u/ )n */ Co&&on Co&'()an%/, Bro. "oaar)a T. Juan-au*)*a KBro. Juan-au*)*aL ?(/ a /'ara*/

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Co&'()an%/ o Bro. "au( T. <au/M

!n No+/&/r 1, 2010, Bro. "au( T. <au/M KBro. <au/ML ?(/ a/'ara*/ Co&'()an%/ y r/)*/r/ &a)( K */ <au/M Co&'()an%/L.#n a) Co&'()an%/, Bro. <au/M narra*/ */ %)r%u&*an%/urroun)n ) )n)n o */ S*a*/&/n*. H/ a((// *a**/ <)nuya /%))on 7a a *o')% o %on+/ra*)on a&on */ UB a7a%u(*y /ar(y )n */ ?r* /&/*/r Ko a%a/&)% y/ar 2010-11L/%au/ )* r/'or*/(y %on*a)n/ %)*a*)on no* 'ro'/r(y a**r)u*/ *o*/ our%/ *a* / 7a o7n a %o'y o */ S*a*/&/n* y a %(/ro */ !;%/ o */ $/an on ) 7ay *o ) %(a an *a*, ar//)n)n 'r)n%)'(/ 7)* */ &a)n */&/ a+an%/ y */ S*a*/&/n*, /)n/ */ a&/ )n u*&o* oo a)*. I

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Cau/ "/o(u*)on, Bro. <au/M a(o *oo */ 'o)*)on *a* a(a7y/r a */ r)*, ()/ a(( %)*)M/n )n a /&o%ra*)% o%)/*y, *o%o&&/n* on a%* o 'u()% o;%/r. H/ )n+)*/ */ a**/n*)on o */Cour* *o */ o((o7)n au*or)*)/ KaL #n r/ <)%/n*/ So**o 0 KL #nr/ A**y. <)%/n*/ "au( A(&a%/n 1 an K%L a )%u)on a''/ar)n)n A&/r)%an Jur)'ru/n%/ KA&JurL 2. 2 H/ %(a)& *a* / 8n/+/ra any )n*/n*)on *o unu(y )n9u/n%/, nor /n*/r*a)n/ any )((u)on*a* / %ou( or ou( )n9u/n%/, [*/ Cour*] )n )* )'o)*)on o

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13. /or/ *) Honora(/ Cour* r/n/r/ )* $/%))on a*/ 12!%*o/r 2010, o&/ /'ou/ */ +)/7 *a* 7)((u( an /()/ra*/)n*/n* *o %o&&)* '(a)ar)& ) an //n*)a( /(/&/n* o */ a&/.!*/r, ()/ r/'on/n*, 7/r/ o */ o')n)on *a* '(a)ar)& )%o&&)**/ r/ar(/ o */ )n*/n* o */ '/r'/*ra*or, */ 7ay )*a a(7ay //n +)/7/ )n */ a%a/&/. T) un%/r*a)n*y &a/*/ )u/ a a)r *o')% or a%a/&)% )%u)on )n */ Co((//. No7,*) Honora(/ Cour* a ru(/ *a* '(a)ar)& 'r/u''o//()/ra*/ )n*/n* *o */a( ano*/r@ 7or an *o 'a )* oG a on/@o7n. 5 KE&'a/ u''()/.L HCa$#S

A(o )n %on*ra* *o ) %o((/au/, Bro. <au/M 7a 7)(()n *o%on%// *a* / 8&)* a+/ //n r/&) )n %orr/%*(y a/)n*/ /G/%* o u% (anua/ [)n */ S*a*/&/n*] an %ou( a+///n &or/ %ar/u(.8 6 H/ /n ) )%u)on 7)* a r/'/%*u(u&))on *a* 7)* ) /D'(ana*)on, / a a)*u((y %o&'()/7)* */ So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)on an *a* */ Cour* 7)(( ru(/ *a* /a no* )n any &ann/r +)o(a*/ ) oa* a a (a7y/r an o;%/r o */ Cour*.

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#n ) Co&'()an%/, $/an /on/n %(a)&/ *a* */r/ 7/r/ *r//ra*:+/r)on o */ UB a7 Fa%u(*y S*a*/&/n*, 7)% //%r)/ a o((o7

Z 8"/*or)n #n*/r)*y #8 7)% /ar */ /n*)r/ ro*/r o */ a%u(*yo */ UB Co((// o a7 )n )* )n)n 'a/, an */ a%*ua()na*ur/ o */ *)r*y-/+/n K3IL a%u(*y &/&/r u/%* o */So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)on. A %o'y 7a ?(/ 7)* */ Honora(/ Cour*y "ou/ an u*uyan on 31 Auu* 2010 )n A.. No. 10-I-1I-SC.

Z 8"/*or)n #n*/r)*y ##8 7)% o/ no* /ar any a%*ua( 'y)%a()na*ur/, u* 7)% r/9/%* a )na*or)/ */ na&/ o *)r*y-/+/n K3IL &/&/r o */ a%u(*y 7)* */ no*a*)on 8KS$.L8. A%o'y o "/*or)n #n*/r)*y ## 7a 'u()%(y an 'y)%a((y 'o*/ )n*/ UB Co((// o a7 on 10 Auu* 2010. Ano*/r %o'yo"/*or)n #n*/r)*y ## 7a a(o o;%)a((y r/%/)+/ y */Honora(/ Cour* ro& */ $/an o */ UB Co((// o a7 on 11Auu* 2010, a(&o* *r// 7// /or/ */ ?()n o "/*or)n#n*/r)*y #.

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2.3. A o 2I Ju(y 2010, */ a*/ o */ "/*or)n #n*/r)*yS*a*/&/n*, $/an /on/n 7a una7ar/ *a* a o*)on or"/%on)/ra*)on o */ Honora(/ Cour*@ $/%))on )n <)nuya +.ED/%u*)+/ S/%r/*ary K.". No. 162230, 2 A'r)( 2010L a a(r/ay//n ?(/, or *a* */ Honora(/ Cour* 7a )n */ 'ro%/ o %on+/n)n )* Co&&)**// on E*)% an E*)%a( S*anar)n A.. No. 10-I-1I-SC.

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2.5. So&/*)&/ )n */ /%on 7// o Auu*, u)n*a* "/*or)n #n*/r)*y # a //n %)r%u(a*/ (on /nou, $/an/on/n )n*ru%*/ ) *aG *o r/'rou%/ */ *a*/&/n* )n a *y(/an &ann/r a''ro'r)a*/ or 'o*)n )n */ Co((// o a7.Fo((o7)n ) o7n /*a()/ 'ra%*)%/ )n r/(a*)on *o )n)?%an*'u()% )uan%/, / )r/%*/ */& *o r/or&a* */ )n)n 'a/o *a* on(y */ na&/ o *o/ 7o )n/ */ ?r* 'r)n*/ ra*7ou( a''/ar, *o/*/r 7)* */ %orr/'on)n 8KS$.L8 no*/o((o7)n /a% na&/. "/*or)n #n*/r)*y ## *u %a&/ )n*o/)n.

A%%or)n *o $/an /on/n, */ 8'ra%*)%/ o /()&)na*)n (ano''o)*/ or ao+/ */ na&/ o non-)na*or)/ )n */ ?na( ra* o )n)?%an* 'u()% )uan%/, ) &/an* no* o &u% or a/*/*)%%on)/ra*)on a *o /%ur/ */ )n*/r)*y o u%o%u&/n*.8 H/ ()/7)/ %(a)&/ *a* 8[']o*)n *a*/&/n*

7)* (an 7ou( / an o'/n )n+)*a*)on *o +ana( an'ran*/r.8 0

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2.I. U'on /)n 'r//n*/ 7)* a ra* o "/*or)n #n*/r)*y ## 7)**/ r/or&a**/ )n)n 'a/, $/an /on/n no*)%/ */ )n%(u)ono */ na&/ o Ju*)%/ /noMa a&on */ 8KS$.L8 )na*or)/. A

Ju*)%/ /noMa 7a no* a&on *o/ 7o a 'y)%a((y)n/ "/*or)n #n*/r)*y # 7/n )* 7a 'r/+)ou(y %)r%u(a*/, $/an/on/n %a((/ */ a**/n*)on o ) *aG *o */ )n%(u)on o */

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2.. $/an /on/n 7a *o( y ) a&)n)*ra*)+/ o;%/r *a* /a 'o/n *o Ju*)%/ /noMa o+/r */ 'on/ on Fr)ay, 06Auu* 2010. A%%or)n *o /r, Ju*)%/ /noMa a au*or)M/ *//an *o )n */ "/*or)n #n*/r)*y S*a*/&/n* or )& a /ar// una&/n*a((y 7)* )* %on*/n*. A(o a%%or)n *o /r,

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2.22.2. $u/ *o o&/ a&)n)*ra*)+/ );%u(*)/, Ju*)%/ /noMa7a una(/ *o )n */ "/*or)n #n*/r)*y S*a*/&/n* /or/ / (/*or */ U.S. */ o((o7)n 7//.

2.22.3. T/ *aG 7a a(/ *o r)n "/*or)n #n*/r)*y ### *o Ju*)%//noMa 7/n / 7/n* *o */ Co((// *o */a% on 24 S/'*/&/r2010, a ay a*/r ) arr)+a( ro& */ U.S. T) *)&/, Ju*)%//noMa /%()n/ *o )n. 4 Sa#C%T





















































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A%%or)n *o */ $/an

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u*)%/ K#n r/ Ta*%/r, 0 !)o S*. "/'., 42, 66L, u* a(o/%au/ )n o o)n, / n/)*/r %r/a*/ nor 'ro&o*/ )*ru* )n*/ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/, an 'r/+/n* anyoy ro& aror)nan /n%oura)n )%on*/n* 7)%, )n &any %a/, ) */ our%/ o )or/r, *u un/r&)n)n */ ouna*)on u'on 7)% r/* *a*u(7ar %a((/ u)%)a( 'o7/r *o 7)% *o/ 7o ar/ ar)/+/*urn or 'ro*/%*)on an r/()/. 11 KE&'a/ u''()/.L

Tu, */ (a7y/r )n Sa(%/o 7a ?n/ an r/'r)&an/ or ))nu)%)ou *a*/&/n* )n ) '(/a)n, y a%%u)n */ Cour* o 8/rron/ou ru()n.8 H/r/, */ r/'on/n*@ S*a*/&/n* o/ 7ay/yon &/r/(y a%r))n /rror *o */ Cour*. %AS#E$

!*/r %a/ %)*/ y r/'on/n* ()/7)/ /'ou/ ru()n %on*rary*o */)r 'o)*)on. #n r/ A**y. <)%/n*/ "au( A(&a%/n, 120 %)*/ )n */Co&&on Co&'()an%/ an */ <au/M Co&'()an%/, 7a an)n*an%/ 7/r/ */ Cour* )n/?n)*/(y u'/n/ a &/&/r o */ar or ?()n an r/(/a)n *o */ 'r/ a 8B/*)*)on *o Surr/n/ra7y/r@ C/r*)?%a*/ o T)*(/8 )n 'ro*/* o 7a* / %(a)&/ 7a ar/a* )nu*)%/ *o ) %()/n* %o&&)**/ y */ Su'r/&/ Cour*. #n*/ /%))on, */ '/*)*)on 7a /%r)/, *u

H/ )n)%* *) Cour*, )n ) o7n 'ra/, a a *r)una( 8'/o'(/ y&/n 7o ar/ %a((ou/ *o our '(/a or u*)%/, 7o )nor/ 7)*ou*r/aon */)r o7n a''()%a(/ /%))on an %o&&)* %u('a(/+)o(a*)on o */ Con*)*u*)on 7)* )&'un)*y.8 H) %()/n*@ /%on*)nu/, 7o 7a //'(y ar)/+/ y *) Cour*@ 8unu*

u&/n*,8 a /%o&/ 8on/ o */ a%r)?%)a( +)%*)& /or/ */a(*ar o y'o%r)y.8 #n */ a&/ r/a* *a* / a((u/ *o */

%(a)% y&o( o u*)%/, / r))%u(/ */ &/&/r o *)Cour*, ay)n 8*a* u*)%/ a a&)n)*/r/ y */ 'r//n*&/&/r o */ Su'r/&/ Cour* ) no* on(y ()n, u* a(o /a anu&.8 H/ */n +o7 *o aru/ */ %au/ o ) %()/n* 8)n */'/o'(/@ oru&,8 o *a* 8*/ '/o'(/ &ay no7 o */ )(/n*)nu*)%/ %o&&)**/ y *) Cour*,8 an *a* 87a*/+/r &)*a/,7ron an )nu*)%/ *a* 7/r/ %o&&)**/ &u* n/+/r /r/'/a*/.8 H/ /n ) '/*)*)on 7)* a 'ray/r *a*

8. . . a r/o(u*)on )u/ or/r)n */ C(/r o Cour* *o r/%/)+/ */%/r*)?%a*/ o */ un/r)n/ a**orn/y an %oun/((or-a*-(a7 #N

T"UST 7)* r//r+a*)on *a* a* any *)&/ )n */ u*ur/ an )n *//+/n* 7/ r/a)n our a)* an %on?/n%/, 7/ &ay r/*r)/+/ our *)*(/*o au&/ */ 'ra%*)%/ o */ no(/* 'ro/)on.8 121

#* ) *ru/ *a* )n A(&a%/n */ Cour* /D*/n)+/(y )%u/ or/)n ur)'ru/n%/ on */ 'r)n%)'(/ *a* a (a7y/r, u* ()/ any %)*)M/n,



























7/23/2019 Canon 10 to 13 full


2I

a */ r)* *o %r)*)%)M/ an %o&&/n* u'on a%*ua*)on o 'u()%o;%/r, )n%(u)n u)%)a( au*or)*y. Ho7/+/r, */ r/a( o%*r)n/)n A(&a%/n ) *a* u% %r)*)%)& o */ %our*, 7/*/r on/ )n%our* or ou*)/ o )*, &u* %onor& *o *anar o a)rn/ an'ro'r)/*y. T) %a/ /na/ )n an /+/n &or/ /D*/n)+/ )%u)ono */ (/a( au*or)*)/ u*a)n)n *) +)/7. To uo*/ ro& *a*/%))on

u* )* ) */ %ar)na( %on)*)on o a(( u% %r)*)%)& *a* )* a(( /ona ?/, an a(( no* ')(( o+/r */ 7a(( o /%/n%y an'ro'r)/*y. A 7)/ %a& /D)* /*7//n a)r %r)*)%)&, on */ on/an, an au/ an (an/r o %our* an */ u/ */r/o, on*/ o*/r. #n*/&'/ra*/ an una)r %r)*)%)& ) a ro +)o(a*)on o */ u*y o r/'/%* *o %our*. #* ) u% a &)%onu%* *a* u/%*a (a7y/r *o )%)'()nary a%*)on. H%$SaT

For, &/&/r)' )n */ ar )&'o/ u'on a '/ron o()a*)on anu*)/ 7)% ar/ no* &/r/ 9uD an /r&/n*. H) )n+/*)*ur/ )n*o */(/a( 'ro/)on '(a%/ u'on ) ou(/r no ur/n &or/ a)%,&or/ /Da%*)n an &or/ )&'/ra*)+/ *an *a* o r/'/%*u(/a+)or *o7ar */ %our*. H/ +o7 o(/&n(y *o %onu%* )&/( 87)* a(( oo ?/()*y . . . *o */ %our*8 an */ "u(/ o Cour*%on*an*(y r/&)n )& 8*o o/r+/ an &a)n*a)n */ r/'/%* u/ *o%our* o u*)%/ an u)%)a( o;%/r.8T/ ?r* %anon o (/a( /*)%/no)n )& 8*o &a)n*a)n *o7ar */ %our* a r/'/%*u( a**)*u/,no* or */ a/ o */ */&'orary )n%u&/n* o */ u)%)a( o;%/,u* or */ &a)n*/nan%/ o )* u'r/&/ )&'or*an%/.8

A r. Ju*)%/ F)/( 'u* )*

8. . . */ o()a*)on 7)% a**orn/y )&'()/(y au&/, ) */y ono* y /D'r/ /%(ara*)on *a/ u'on */&/(+/, 7/n */y ar/a&)**/ *o */ ar, ) no* &/r/(y *o / o/)/n* *o */Con*)*u*)on an (a7, u* *o &a)n*a)n a* a(( *)&/ */ r/'/%* u/*o %our* o u*)%/ an u)%)a( o;%/r. T) o()a*)on ) no*)%ar/ y &/r/(y o/r+)n */ ru(/ o %our*/ou /&/anor)n o'/n %our*, u* )n%(u/ a*a)n)n ou* o %our* ro& a(( )nu(*)n(anua/ an oG/n)+/ %onu%* *o7ar u/ '/rona((y or */)r

u)%)a( a%*.8 Kra(/y +. F)/r, 20 a7. 4. 64I, 652L

T/ (a7y/r@ u*y *o r/n/r r/'/%*u( uor)na*)on *o */ %our*) //n*)a( *o */ or/r(y a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/. H/n%/, )n */a/r*)on o */)r %()/n*@ r)*, (a7y/r = /+/n *o/ )*/ 7)*

u'/r)or )n*/((/%* = ar/ /no)n/ *o r/)n u' */)r */&'/r.

8T/ %oun/( )n any %a/ &ay or &ay no* / an a(/r or &or/(/arn/ (a7y/r *an */ u/, an )* &ay *aD ) 'a*)/n%/ an*/&'/r *o u&)* *o ru()n 7)% / r/ar a )n%orr/%*, u*)%)'()n/ an /(-r/'/%* ar/ a n/%/ary *o */ or/r(ya&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ a */y ar/ *o */ /G/%*)+/n/ o anar&y. T/ /%))on o */ u/ &u* / o/y/, /%au/ / )*/ *r)una( a''o)n*/ *o /%)/, an */ ar ou( a* a(( *)&/ /*/ or/&o* )n r/n/r)n r/'/%*u( u&))on.8 K#n "/ S%ou*/n,40 A*(. 41L

DDD DDD DDD

#n ) r/(a*)on 7)* */ %our*, a (a7y/r &ay no* )+)/ )'/rona()*y o a *o / an a**orn/y a* on/ *)&/ an a &/r/ %)*)M/na* ano*/r. Tu, *a*/&/n* &a/ y an a**orn/y )n 'r)+a*/%on+/ra*)on or %o&&un)%a*)on or )n */ %our/ o a 'o()*)%a(%a&'a)n, ) %ou%/ )n )nu(*)n (anua/ a *o r)n )n*o %ornan )r/'u*/ */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/, &ay u/%* */a**orn/y *o )%)'()nary a%*)on. 122 KE&'a/ an un/r%or)nu''()/.L Ca%TS#

#n a )&)(ar +/)n, #n r/ <)%/n*/ So**o, 123 %)*/ )n */ <au/MCo&'()an%/, o/r+/ *a*

[T]) Cour*, )n #n r/ >/((y, /( */ o((o7)n

T/ 'u()%a*)on o a %r)*)%)& o a 'ar*y or o */ %our* *o a '/n)n%au/, r/'/%*)n */ a&/, a a(7ay //n %on)/r/ a&)/a+)or, */n)n *o o*ru%* */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/, anu/%* u% '/ron *o %on*/&'* 'ro%//)n. Bar*)/ a+/ a%on*)*u*)ona( r)* *o a+/ */)r %au/ *r)/ a)r(y )n %our*, y an)&'ar*)a( *r)una(, un)n9u/n%/ y 'u()%a*)on or 'u()% %(a&or.E+/ry %)*)M/n a a 'rooun '/rona( )n*/r/* )n */ /nor%/&/n*o */ una&/n*a( r)* *o a+/ u*)%/ a&)n)*/r/ y */%our*, un/r */ 'ro*/%*)on an or& o (a7, r// ro& ou*)/%o/r%)on or )n*/r/r/n%/. . . . .

/r/ %r)*)%)& or %o&&/n* on */ %orr/%*n/ or 7ronn/,ounn/ or unounn/ o */ /%))on o */ %our* )n a'/n)n %a/ &a/ )n oo a)* &ay / *o(/ra*/ /%au/ ) 7/((oun/ )* &ay /n()*/n */ %our* an %on*r)u*/ *o */ %orr/%*)ono an /rror ) %o&&)**/ u* ) )* ) no* 7/(( *a/n an o+)ou(y/rron/ou, )* ou(, )n no 7ay, )n9u/n%/ */ %our* )n r/+/r)n or&o)y)n )* /%))on. . . . .

DDD DDD DDD

To ur( */ a(/ %ar/ *a* *) Cour* a //n or */ (a* y/ar%o&&)**)n /()/ra*/(y 8o &any (un/r an )nu*)%/,8 *a* )*o ay, *a* )* a //n /%))n )n a+or o on/ 'ar*y no7)n *a**/ (a7 an u*)%/ ) on */ 'ar* o */ a+/r/ 'ar*y an no* on*/ on/ )n 7o/ a+or */ /%))on 7a r/n/r/, )n &any %a//%)/ ur)n */ (a* y/ar, 7ou( */n n/%/ar)(y *oun/r&)n/ */ %on?/n%/ o */ '/o'(/ )n */ on/*y an)n*/r)*y o */ &/&/r o *) Cour*, an %on/u/n*(y *o (o7/r

or /ra/ */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ y *) Cour*. T/Su'r/&/ Cour* o */ B)()'')n/ ), un/r */ Con*)*u*)on, */(a* u(7ar *o 7)% */ F)()')no '/o'(/ &ay r/'a)r *o o*a)n r/()/ or */)r r)/+an%/ or 'ro*/%*)on o */)r r)* 7/n *// ar/*ra&'(/ u'on, an ) */ '/o'(/ (o/ */)r %on?/n%/ )n */on/*y an )n*/r)*y o */ &/&/r o *) Cour* an /()/+/*a* */y %anno* /D'/%* u*)%/ */r/ro&, */y &)* / r)+/n *o*a/ */ (a7 )n*o */)r o7n an, an )or/r an '/ra' %ao&)* / */ r/u(*. A a &/&/r o */ ar an an o;%/r o */%our* A**y. <)%/n*/ So**o, ()/ any o*/r, ) )n u*y oun *ou'o( */ )n)*y an au*or)*y o *) Cour*, *o 7)% / o7/?/()*y a%%or)n *o */ oa* / a *a/n a u% a**orn/y, anno* *o 'ro&o*/ )*ru* )n */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/. "/'/%* *o*/ %our* uaran*// */ *a)()*y o o*/r )n*)*u*)on, 7)%7)*ou* u% uaran*y 7ou( / r/*)n on a +/ry ayouna*)on. 124 KE&'a/ an un/r%or)n u''()/.L

Ta* */ o%*r)na( 'ronoun%/&/n* )n *// /ar(y %a/ ar/ *)((oo (a7 %an / /a)(y (/an/ /+/n ro& &or/ r/%/n*

ur)'ru/n%/.

#n Coa +. C)onon, 125 */ Cour* a&)n)*ra*)+/(y )%)'()n/ a(a7y/r, *rou */ )&'o)*)on o a ?n/, or &a)n &a()%)ou anunoun/ %r)*)%)& o a u/ )n */ u)/ o an a&)n)*ra*)+/%o&'(a)n* an /(, *u %CSTHA

A an o;%/r o */ %our* an )* )n)'/na(/ 'ar*n/r )n */a%r/ *a o a&)n)*/r)n u*)%/, ra+/r r/'on))()*y ))&'o/ u'on a (a7y/r *an any o*/r *o u'o( */ )n*/r)*y o */ %our* an *o o7 r/'/%* *o )* o;%/r. T) o/ no* &/an,o7/+/r, *a* a (a7y/r %anno* %r)*)%)M/ a u/. A 7/ *a*/)n T)on%o +. Hon. Au)(ar

#* o/ no*, o7/+/r, o((o7 *a* u* /%au/ a (a7y/r ) an o;%/ro */ %our*, / %anno* %r)*)%)M/ */ %our*. Ta* ) ) r)* a a%)*)M/n, an )* ) /+/n ) u*y a an o;%/r o */ %our* *o a+a)( o u% r)*. Tu, )n #n "/ A(&a%/n K31 SC"A 562, 5I-50 [1I0]L,*) Cour* /D'()%)*(y /%(ar/

H/n%/, a a %)*)M/n an a o;%/r o */ %our*, a (a7y/r ) /D'/%*/no* on(y *o /D/r%)/ */ r)*, u* a(o *o %on)/r )* ) u*y *oa+a)( o u% r)*. No (a7 &ay ar)/ *) r)*. Nor ) /8'ro/)ona((y an7/ra(/ *o a %ru*)ny )n*o */ o;%)a( %onu%* o */ u/, 7)% 7ou( no* /D'o/ )& *o (/a( an)&a+/r)on aa %)*)M/n.8 KCa/ o Au*)n, 2 A& $/%. 65I, 665L.

DDD DDD DDD

N/+/r*/(/, u% a r)* ) no* 7)*ou* ()&)*. For, a *) Cour*7arn/ )n A(&a%/n

u* )* ) a %ar)na( %on)*)on o a(( u% %r)*)%)& *a* )* a((/ ona ?/, an a(( no* ')(( o+/r */ 7a(( o /%/n%y an'ro'r)/*y. A 7)/ %a& /D)* /*7//n a)r %r)*)%)&, on */ on/an, an au/ an (an/r o %our* an */ u/ */r/o, on*/ o*/r. #n*/&'/ra*/ an una)r %r)*)%)& ) a ro +)o(a*)on o */ u*y o r/'/%* *o %our*. #* ) u% a &)%onu%*, *a* u/%*a (a7y/r *o )%)'()nary a%*)on.

DDD DDD DDD

E(/7)/ *a*/, */ r)* *o %r)*)%)M/, 7)% ) uaran*// y */r//o& o '//% an o /D'r/)on )n */ )(( o ")* o */Con*)*u*)on, &u* / /D/r%)/ r/'on)(y, or /+/ry r)* %arr)/7)* )* a %orr/'on)n o()a*)on. Fr//o& ) no* r//o& ro&r/'on))()*y, u* r//o& 7)* r/'on))()*y. . . . .

DDD DDD DDD

Bro%r)/ */n ar/, )n*/r a()a, */ u/ o unn/%/ary (anua/7)% /o'ar)M/ ) /*//& )n %our*, %r/a*/ or 'ro&o*/)*ru* )n u)%)a( a&)n)*ra*)on K"//&, u'raL, or */nn/%/ar)(y *o un/r&)n/ */ %on?/n%/ o '/o'(/ )n */ )n*/r)*yo */ &/&/r o *) Cour* an *o /ra/ */ a&)n)*ra*)on o

u*)%/ y *) Cour* K#n r/ So**o, 2 B)(. 55 [14]L or o oG/n)+/ an au)+/ (anua/ K#n r/ "aa/( C()&a%o, 55 SC"A10I [1I4]L or ara)+/ an oG/n)+/ (anua/ KYanon +.

















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2

Sa(ananan, 6 SC"A 42 [1I5] or o )r/'/%*u(, oG/n)+/,&an)/*(y a/(/, an &a()%)ou *a*/&/n* )n '(/a)nor )n a(/**/r ar// *o */ u/ Kaa +. a%ano, 15 SC"A[1], %)*)n */ r/o(u*)on o 1 January 1 )n B)(. Bu()%S%oo( T/a%/r Ao%)a*)on +. Ou)u&)n, .". No. I610,an C/n)Ma +. S/a*)an, 130 SC"A 25 [14]L or o )'ara)n,)n*/&'/ra*/, an un%a((/-or r/&ar KSana(an +.#n*/r&/)a*/ A''/((a*/ Cour*, 1II SC"A I [1]L. #%EACH

Any %r)*)%)& aa)n* a u/ &a/ )n */ u)/ o ana&)n)*ra*)+/ %o&'(a)n* 7)% ) %(/ar(y unoun/ an )&'/((/y u(*/r)or &o*)+/ 7)(( no* /D%u/ */ (a7y/r r/'on)(/ */r/orun/r ) u*y o ?/()*y *o ) %()/n*. . . . . 126 KE&'a/ anun/r%or)n u''()/.L

#n Sa/ron +. aron, 12I 7/r/ *) Cour* oun r/'on/n*(a7y/r u)(*y o )&'(/ &)%onu%* or u)n )n*/&'/ra*/ (anua/)n ) '(/a)n an )&'o/ a ?n/ u'on )&, 7/ a */ o%%a)on*o *a*/

T/ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y &ana*/

CAN!N = A (a7y/r a(( %onu%* )&/( 7)* %our*/y, a)rn/an %anor *o7ar ) 'ro/)ona( %o((/au/, an a(( a+o)ara)n *a%*)% aa)n* o''o)n %oun/(.

"u(/ .01 = A (a7y/r a(( no*, )n ) 'ro/)ona( /a()n, u/(anua/ 7)% ) au)+/, oG/n)+/ or o*/r7)/ )&'ro'/r.

CAN!N 11 = A (a7y/r a(( o/r+/ an &a)n*a)n */ r/'/%* u/*o */ %our* an *o u)%)a( o;%/r an ou( )n)* on )&)(ar%onu%* y o*/r.

"u(/ 11.03 = A (a7y/r a(( a*a)n ro& %ana(ou, oG/n)+/ or&/na%)n (anua/ or /a+)or /or/ */ Cour*.

To / ur/, */ a+/rar)a( na*ur/ o our (/a( y*/& a */&'*/&/&/r o */ ar *o u/ *ron (anua/ )n 'uru)* o */)r u*y*o a+an%/ */ )n*/r/* o */)r %()/n*.

Ho7/+/r, 7)(/ a (a7y/r ) /n*)*(/ *o 'r//n* ) %a/ 7)* +)oran %oura/, u% /n*u)a& o/ no* u*)y */ u/ o oG/n)+/an au)+/ (anua/. anua/ aoun 7)* %oun*(/

'o))()*)/ or on/ *o / /&'a*)% u* r/'/%*u(, %on+)n%)n u*no* /roa*ory, )((u&)na*)n u* no* oG/n)+/.

!n &any o%%a)on, */ Cour* a r/&)n/ &/&/r o */ ar*o a*a)n ro& a(( oG/n)+/ '/rona()*y an *o a+an%/ no a%*'r/u)%)a( *o */ onor or r/'u*a*)on o a 'ar*y or 7)*n/, un(/r/u)r/ y */ u*)%/ o */ %au/ 7)* 7)% / ) %ar/. #n//')n 7)* */ )n)*y o */ (/a( 'ro/)on, a (a7y/r@(anua/ /+/n )n ) '(/a)n &u* / )n)?/. 12

</r)(y, */ a%%ua*ory an +)()y)n na*ur/ o %/r*a)n 'or*)on o */S*a*/&/n* /D%/// */ ()&)* o a)r %o&&/n* an %anno* ///&/ a 'ro*/%*/ r// '//%. E+/n #n */ a**/r o B/*)*)on or$/%(ara*ory "/()/ "/ Con*)*u*)ona()*y o "/'u()% A%* 40,onMa(/ +. Co&&))on on E(/%*)on, 12 r/()/ u'on yr/'on/n* )n */ Co&&on Co&'()an%/, /( *a*

Fro& */ (anua/ o */ '/%)?% %on*)*u*)ona( 'ro+))on, )* 7ou(a''/ar *a* */ r)* ) no* u%/'*)(/ o any ()&)*a*)on. No (a7&ay / 'a/ ar))n */ r//o& o '//% an o */ 'r/.

T/ r/a()*)/ o ()/ )n a %o&'(/D o%)/*y 'r/%(u/ o7/+/r a ()*/ra()n*/r'r/*a*)on. Fr//o& o /D'r/)on ) no* an ao(u*/. #* 7ou(/ *oo &u% *o )n)* *a* a* a(( *)&/ an un/r a(( %)r%u&*an%/)* ou( r/&a)n un/**/r/ an unr/*ra)n/. T/r/ ar/ o*/ro%)/*a( +a(u/ *a* 'r/ or r/%on)*)on. . . . . 130 KE&'a)

u''()/.L

!n/ u% o%)/*a( +a(u/ *a* 'r// or r/%on)*)on )n */ %a/ a*ar ) */ *r/a* *o u)%)a( )n/'/n/n%/ an */ or/r(ya&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ *a* )&&o/ra*/, r/%(/ an una)ra**a% on u)%)a( /%))on an )n*)*u*)on 'o/. T) Cour* /(a &u% )n Qa()+ar +. San)anayan an onMa(/, 131 7/r/7/ )n/?n)*/(y u'/n/ a (a7y/r ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7 or)u)n *o */ &/)a *a*/&/n* ro(y )r/'/%*u( *o7ar */Cour* )n r/(a*)on *o a '/n)n %a/, *o 7)*

"/'on/n* onMa(/ ) /n*)*(/ *o */ %on*)*u*)ona( uaran*// o r// '//%. No on/ // *o /ny )& *a* r)*, (/a* o a(( *)Cour*. Wa* r/'on/n* //& una7ar/ o ) *a* r//o& o '//% an o /D'r/)on, ()/ a(( %on*)*u*)ona( r//o&, ) no*ao(u*/ an *a* r//o& o /D'r/)on n// on o%%a)on *o /au*/ *o an a%%o&&oa*/ 7)* */ r/u)r/&/n* o /ua((y)&'or*an* 'u()% )n*/r/*. !n/ o *// una&/n*a( 'u()%)n*/r/* ) */ &a)n*/nan%/ o */ )n*/r)*y an or/r(yun%*)on)n o */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/. T/r/ ) no an*)no&y/*7//n r// /D'r/)on an */ )n*/r)*y o */ y*/& o a&)n)*/r)n u*)%/. For */ 'ro*/%*)on an &a)n*/nan%/ o r//o& o /D'r/)on )*/( %an / /%ur/ on(y 7)*)n */ %on*/D*o a un%*)on)n an or/r(y y*/& o )'/n)n u*)%/, 7)*)n*/ %on*/D*, )n o*/r 7or, o +)a(/ )n/'/n/n* )n*)*u*)on or/()+/ry o u*)%/ 7)% ar/ a%%/'*/ y */ /n/ra(%o&&un)*y. . . . . 132 KE&'a/ u''()/.L

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%on*)*u*)ona( r)* *o r//o& o /D'r/)on o &/&/r o */ar &ay / %)r%u&%r)/ y */)r /*)%a( u*)/ a (a7y/r *o )+/u/ r/'/%* *o */ %our* an *o u'o( */ 'u()%@ a)* )n */(/a( 'ro/)on an */ u*)%/ y*/&. To our &)n, */ r/aon*a* r//o& o /D'r/)on &ay / o /()&)*/ )n */ %a/ o (a7y/r a''()/ 7)* r/a*/r or%/ *o */ a%a/&)% r//o& o (a7'ro/or.

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(a7y/r@ %on+)%*)on )n */ r)*/oun/ o ) %au/ */r/ ))&'(y no /D%u/ or /n)ra*)n */ %our* an /na)n )n 'u()%/a+)or *a* */n *o 'u* */ %our* an */ (/a( 'ro/)on )n*o)r/'u*/. T) o%*r)n/, 7)% 7/ a+/ r/'/a*/(y u'/( )n u%%a/ a Sa(%/o, #n r/ A(&a%/n an Sa/ron, ou( / a''()/)n *) %a/ 7)* &or/ r/aon, a */ r/'on/n*, no* 'ar*)/ *o*/ <)nuya %a/, /noun%/ */ Cour* an ur/ )* *o %an/ )*/%))on */r/)n, )n a 'u()% *a*/&/n* u)n %on*u&a%)ou

(anua/, 7)% 7)* */&/r)*y */y u/u/n*(y u&)**/ *o */Cour* or 8'ro'/r )'o)*)on.8

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DDD DDD DDD

K3L T/ a&/ r/a% an %on/u/n* )'o)*)on o */ <)nuya %a/ o/ +)o(/n%/ *o */ 'r)&or)a( un%*)on o */Su'r/&/ Cour* a */ u(*)&a*/ )'/n/r o u*)%/ *o a(( *o/ 7oa+/ //n (/* 7)*ou* (/a( or /u)*a(/ r/%our/, u% a */'/*)*)on/r */r/)n. 135 KE&'a/ an un/r%or)nu''()/.L H%TEaA

W/*/r or no* r/'on/n*@ +)/7 r/ar)n */ '(a)ar)& )u/)n */ <)nuya %a/ a +a() a) 7a 7o((y )&&a*/r)a( *o */)r()a)()*y or %on*u&a%)ou '//% an %onu%*. T// ar/ *7o/'ara*/ &a**/r *o / 'ro'/r(y *r// ou* )n /'ara*/'ro%//)n. T/ Cour* %on)/r )* )(y )na''ro'r)a*/, ) no**an*a&oun* *o )/&()n, */ )%u)on /+o*/ )n on/ o */%o&'()an%/ aru)n */ u)(* o Ju*)%/ $/( Ca*)((o. #n */Co&&on Co&'()an%/, r/'on/n* /+/n o o ar a *o a**a%o%u&/n*ary /+)/n%/ *o u''or* */ '(a)ar)& %ar/ aa)n*

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&o*)on or r/%on)/ra*)on, 7a *)(( '/n)n a* */ *)&/ o */?()n o r/'on/n*@ u&))on )n *) a&)n)*ra*)+/ %a/. Ar/'on/n* */&/(+/ a&)*, */y ar/ n/)*/r 'ar*)/ nor%oun/( )n */ /*)% %a/ aa)n* Ju*)%/ $/( Ca*)((o.No*7)**an)n */)r 'ro// o+/rr))n )n*/r/* )n a) /*)%%a/, )* ) no* 'ro'/r 'ro%/ur/ or r/'on/n* *o r)n u' */)r'(a)ar)& aru&/n* /r/ /'/%)a((y 7/n )* a no /ar)n on*/)r o7n a&)n)*ra*)+/ %a/.

S*)(( on &o*)+/, )* ) a(o 'ro'o/ *a* */ %o)%/ o (anua/ )n*/ S*a*/&/n* 7a )n*/n/ or /G/%*)+/ '//% *a* '//%&u* / 8or%/u( /nou *o &a/ */ )n*/n/ r/%)')/n*()*/n.8 136 !n/ 7on/r 7a* or* o /G/%* r/'on/n* 7/r/o')n or )n ran)n *) Cour* a, a&on o*/r, %a((ou,)on/* an (a%)n )n %on%/rn or */ a)% +a(u/ o /%/n%yan r/'/%*. T/ Cour* a)( *o // o7 )* %an /nno(/ */'ro/)on ) 7/ a((o7 r/'on/n* *o /n a )na( *o */)r

*u/n* *a* */ on(y 7ay *o /G/%*)+/(y '(/a */)r %a/ an'/rua/ o*/r *o */)r 'o)n* o +)/7 ) *o / oG/n)+/.

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aG/%*/ y any '/r%/'*)on o &)u/ o */)r 7or.No*7)**an)n *a* */y ar/ /yon */ )%)'()nary r/a% o *)Cour*, */y *)(( o+)ou(y *oo 'a)n *o %on+/y */)r o/%*)on )n a//r/n*)a( an %o(ar(y &ann/r. #* ) una*o&a(/ *o */ Cour*7y r/'on/n* %ou( no* o */ a&/. T// or/)n au*or@(/**/r un/r%or/ */ un)+/ra()*y o */ */n/* *a* (/a('ro/)ona( &u* /a( 7)* /a% o*/r )n oo a)* an u/r/'/%*. T/ &ar o */ *ru/ )n*/((/%*ua( ) on/ 7o %an /D'r/) o')n)on (o)%a((y an o/r(y 7)*ou* r/or* *o /Da/ra*/r/*or)% an un'rou%*)+/ r/%r)&)na*)on.

A or */ % (a)& *a* */ r/'on/n*@ no(/ )n*/n*)on ) *o 'ur */Cour* *o *a/ 8%on*ru%*)+/ a%*)on8 on */ '(a)ar)& )u/, */Cour* a o&/ ou* a *o )* +/ra%)*y. For ) */ S*a*/&/n* 7a'r)&ar)(y &/an* or *) Cour*@ %on)/ra*)on, 7y 7a */ a&/'u()/ an r/'or*/ )n */ &/)a ?r* /or/ )* 7a u&)**/*o *) Cour* #* ) &or/ '(au)(/ *a* */ S*a*/&/n* 7a 'r/'ar/or %onu&'*)on y */ /n/ra( 'u()% an /)n/ *o %a'*ur/&/)a a**/n*)on a 'ar* o */ /Gor* *o /n/ra*/ )n*/r/* )n */&o* %on*ro+/r)a( roun )n */ Su''(/&/n*a( o*)on or"/%on)/ra*)on ?(/ )n */ <)nuya %a/ y A**y. "ou/, 7o )r/'on/n*@ %o((/au/ on */ UB a7 a%u(*y.

#n *) r/ar, */ Cour* ?n *a* */r/ 7a )n// a (a% o o/r+an%/ o ?/()*y an u/ r/'/%* *o */ Cour*, 'ar*)%u(ar(y7/n r/'on/n* n/7 u((y 7/(( *a* */ &a**/r o '(a)ar)& )n*/ <)nuya /%))on an */ &/r)* o */ <)nuya /%))on )*/(, a**/ *)&/ o */ S*a*/&/n*@ )uan%/, 7/r/ *)(( o* u u)%/ or'/n)n ?na( )'o)*)on o */ Cour*. T// a%* a+/ //n7)/(y 'u()%)M/. !n *) 'o)n*, r/'on/n* a((// *a* a* */*)&/ */ S*a*/&/n* 7a ?r* ra*/ on Ju(y 2I, 2010, */y ) no*no7 o */ %on*)*u*)on o */ E*)% Co&&)**// an */y a)u/ */ S*a*/&/n* un/r */ /()/ *a* *) Cour* )n*/n/ *o*a/ no a%*)on on */ /*)% %ar/ aa)n* Ju*)%/ $/( Ca*)((o.S*)((, */r/ 7a a )n)?%an* (a'/ o *)&/ ro& */ ra*)n an

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r/'/r%u)on o */ a&/ on */ Ju)%)ary. W/n */ %r)*)%)&%o&/ ro& '/ron ou*)/ */ 'ro/)on 7o &ay no* a+/ au(( ra' o (/a( )u/ or ro& )n)+)ua( 7o/ '/rona( oro*/r )n*/r/* )n &a)n */ %r)*)%)& ar/ o+)ou, */ Cour* &ay'/ra' *o(/ra*/ or )nor/ */&. Ho7/+/r, 7/n (a7 'ro/orar/ */ on/ 7o a''/ar *o a+/ (o* )* o */ ounar)/ o a)r %o&&/n*ary an 7or/, 7ou( u*)y */ a&/ a an /D/r%)/o %)+)( ()/r*)/, *) Cour* %anno* r/&a)n )(/n* or u% )(/n%/

7ou( a+/ a ra+/ )&'()%a*)on on (/a( /u%a*)on )n our %oun*ry.W)* r/'/%* *o */ 35 r/'on/n* na&/ )n */ Co&&onCo&'()an%/, %on)/r)n *a* *) a''/ar *o / */ ?r* *)&/*// r/'on/n* a+/ //n )n+o(+/ )n )%)'()nary 'ro%//)no *) or*, */ Cour* ) 7)(()n *o )+/ */& */ /n/?* o */ou* *a* */y 7/r/ or */ &o* 'ar* 7/((-)n*/n*)on/ )n */)uan%/ o */ S*a*/&/n*. Ho7/+/r, )* ) /*a()/ )n

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#n ) //n/, A**orn/y <)%/n*/ J. Fran%)%o *a*/ *a* )* 7a no*) )n*/n*)on *o oG/n */ %our* or *o / r/%r/an* *o */ r/'/%**/r/*o u*, unor*una*/(y, */r/ ar/ ) 'ra/ 7)%n// no ur*/r %o&&/n*. Fur*/r&or/, )* ) a 7/(( /**(/ ru(/ )na(( '(a%/ 7/r/ */ a&/ %on)*)on an 'ra%*)%/ a *o/ )n *)

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30

'(a)ar)&. H/ 7a ()/7)/ 7)(()n *o a%no7(// *a* / &aya+/ //n r/&) )n a)()n *o a/ */ /G/%* o */ (anua/ o */ S*a*/&/n* an %ou( a+/ u/ &or/ %ar/. H/ ) a(( *)7)*ou* a+)n *o r/*ra%* ) 'o)*)on on */ '(a)ar)& )u/,7)*ou* /&an or un//r+/ r/()/ Ka 7)(( / )%u//(o7L an 7)*ou* a/(/ )n)nua*)on o /'r)+a*)on o u/'ro%/ or o 'r/u&/n*. T) ) a(( *a* *) Cour* /D'/%*/ ro&r/'on/n*, no* or */& *o a%r)?%/ */)r 'r)n%)'(/ u* on(y *a*

*/y r/%on)M/ *a* */y */&/(+/ &ay a+/ %o&&)**/ o&//*)%a( (a'/ )n *) aGa)r. W/ %o&&/n Bro. <au/M or o7)n*a* a* (/a* on/ o */ r/'on/n* %an ra' */ *ru/ )&'or* o */ So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)on )n+o(+)n */&. For *// r/aon, */Cour* ?n Bro. <au/M@ Co&'()an%/ a*)a%*ory.

A or Bro. yn%, )n +)/7 o ) an)/*a*)on *a* / ) a &/&/ro */ ar o */ S*a*/ o )nn/o*a an, */r/or/, no* un/r */)%)'()nary au*or)*y o *) Cour*, / ou( / /D%u/ ro&*// 'ro%//)n. Ho7/+/r, / ou( / r/&)n/ *a* 7)(/ /) /na/ a a 'ro/or )n a B)()'')n/ (a7 %oo( / ou(*r)+/ *o / a &o/( o r/'on)(/ an 'ro/)ona( %onu%* *o )*u/n* /+/n 7)*ou* */ *r/a* o an%*)on ro& *) Cour*. For/+/n ) on/ ) no* oun y */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*yor &/&/r o */ B)()'')n/ ar, %)+)()*y an r/'/%* a&on (/a('ro/)ona( o any na*)ona()*y ou( / a')r/ or un/run)+/ra( *anar o /%/n%y an a)rn/.

T/ Cour*@ ru()n on $/an /on/n@Co&'()an%/ r/ar)n */ %ar/ o +)o(a*)on o Canon 10.

To r/%a((, */ So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)on )r/%*/ $/an /on/n *oo7 %au/ 7y / ou( no* / )%)'()nary /a(* 7)* or+)o(a*)on o Canon 10, "u(/ 10.01, 10.02 an 10.03 an oru&)**)n a 8u&&y8 *a* 7a no* a *ru/ an a)*u(r/'rou%*)on o */ )n/ S*a*/&/n*.

#n ) Co&'()an%/, $/an /on/n //n*)a((y /n)/ *a* "/*or)n#n*/r)*y ## 7a no* a *ru/ an a)*u( r/'rou%*)on o */ a%*ua()n/ %o'y, "/*or)n #n*/r)*y #, /%au/ (oo)n a* */ */D* or*/ oy, */r/ 7/r/ no )G/r/n%/ /*7//n */ *7o. H/ a**/&'**o o7n'(ay */ )%r/'an%)/ )n */ )na*ur/ 'a/ o */ *7o+/r)on o */ S*a*/&/n* K)./., "/*or)n #n*/r)*y # an "/*or)n#n*/r)*y ##L y %(a)&)n *a* )* ) u* /D'/%*/ )n 8()+/8 'u()%

&an)/*o 7)* yna&)% an /+o(+)n 'a/ a &or/ an &or/)na*or)/ a */)r )&'r)&a*ur */r/*o. H/ ()/7)/ *r// *a*/ ) no* a&)n)*ra*)+/(y ()a(/ /%au/ / ) no* &)r/'r//n**/ &/&/r o */ UB a7 a%u(*y 7o 8a ar// 7)**/ "/*or)n #n*/r)*y S*a*/&/n* 'ro'/r an:or 7o a/D'r// */)r /)r/ *o / )na*or)/ */r/*o.8 140

To /)n 7)*, */ Cour* %anno* u%r)/ *o $/an /on/n@ )&'()/+)/7 *a* */ )na*ur/ )n */ S*a*/&/n* ar/ no* a )n)?%an* a)* %on*/n*. )+/ 'u()% &an)/*o or no*, */ S*a*/&/n* 7aor&a((y u&)**/ *o *) Cour* a* a '/%)?% 'o)n* )n *)&/ an )*ou( r/9/%* a%%ura*/(y )* )na*or)/ a* *a* 'o)n*. T/ +a(u/ o */ S*a*/&/n* a a UB a7 Fa%u(*y S*a*/&/n* ()/ 'r/%)/(y )n */)/n*)*)/ o */ '/ron 7o a+/ ) n/ )*, )n%/ */ S*a*/&/n*@'/rua)+/ au*or)*y &a)n(y /'/n on */ r/'u*a*)on an *a*ur/o */ '/ron 7o a+/ /nor/ */ a&/. #n//, )* ) a''ar/n*ro& r/'on/n*@ /D'(ana*)on *a* */)r o7n /()/ )n */

8)&'or*an%/8 o */)r 'o)*)on a UB (a7 'ro/or 'ro&'*/*/& *o 'u()%(y '/a ou* on */ &a**/r o */ '(a)ar)& )u/ )n*/ <)nuya %a/. #E%aHS

Fur*/r, )n our a/&/n*, */ *ru/ %au/ o $/an /on/n@'r/)%a&/n* ) */ a%* *a* / ) no* ro& */ /)nn)n u&)**/ )n/ %o'y, "/*or)n #n*/r)*y #, *o *) Cour* on Auu* 11,2010 an, )n*/a, u&)**/ "/*or)n #n*/r)*y ## 7)* )* r/*y'/

or 8r/or&a**/8 )na*ur/ 'a/. #* 7ou( *urn ou*, a%%or)n *o$/an /on/n@ a%%oun*, *a* */r/ 7/r/ /rror )n */ r/*y')n o */ )na*ur/ 'a/ u/ *o (a'/ o ) unna&/ *aG. F)r*, anunna&/ a&)n)*ra*)+/ o;%/r )n */ /an@ o;%/ a+/ */ /an)na%%ura*/ )nor&a*)on *a* (/ )& *o a((o7 */ )n%(u)on o Ju*)%//noMa a a&on */ )na*or)/ o "/*or)n #n*/r)*y##. S/%on, an unna&/ *aG a(o a)(/ *o *y'/ */ na&/ o A**y.Ar&o+)* 7/n /n%o)n */ )na*ur/ 'a/ o "/*or)n #n*/r)*y## 7/n )n a%* / a )n/ "/*or)n #n*/r)*y #.

T/ Cour* %an un/r*an 7y or 'ur'o/ o 'o*)n on au((/*)n oar or a 7/)*/ a )n/ o%u&/n* &ay a+/ *o /r/or&a**/ an )na*ur/ &ay / )n)%a*/ y */ no*a*)onKS$L. T) ) no* unuua(. W/ ar/ 7)(()n *o a%%/'* *a* */r/or&a**)n o o%u&/n* &/an* or 'o*)n *o /()&)na*/ (an )n/%/)*a*/ y +ana()& %on%/rn.

Ho7/+/r, 7a* ) unuua( ) */ u&))on *o a %our*, /'/%)a((y*) Cour*, o a )n/ o%u&/n* or */ Cour*@ %on)/ra*)on *a*) no* %on*a)n */ a%*ua( )na*ur/ o )* au*or. #n &o* %a/,)* ) */ or))na( )n/ o%u&/n* *a* ) *ran&)**/ *o */ Cour*or a* */ +/ry (/a* a 'o*o%o'y o */ a%*ua( )n/ o%u&/n*.$/an /on/n a no* oG/r/ any /D'(ana*)on 7y / /+)a*/ro& *) 'ra%*)%/ 7)* ) u&))on *o */ Cour* o "/*or)n#n*/r)*y ## on Auu* 11, 2010. T/r/ 7a no*)n *o 'r/+/n* *//an ro& u&)**)n "/*or)n #n*/r)*y # *o *) Cour* /+/n 7)*)* (an an un)n/ 'or*)on. $/an /on/n %anno* %(a)& /aro +ana()& 7)* r/'/%* *o %our* u&))on or %our*/&'(oy// ar/ a%%oun*a(/ or */ %ar/ o o%u&/n* an r/%or*a* &ay %o&/ )n*o */)r %u*oy. Y/*, $/an /on/n /()/ra*/(y%o/ *o u&)* *o *) Cour* */ a%)&)(/ *a* ) no* %on*a)n */a%*ua( )na*ur/ an ) )(/n%/ on */ r/aon */r/or ) )n )*/( a )'(ay o (a% o %anor.

S*)((, a %ar/u( r/a)n o $/an /on/n@ /D'(ana*)on y)/( */

an7/r. #n */ %our/ o ) /D'(ana*)on o ) 7)(()nn/ *o a%%/'*) a&)n)*ra*)+/ o;%/r@ %(a)& *a* Ju*)%/ /noMa ar// *o /)n)%a*/ a a )na*ory, $/an /on/n a&)* )n a oo*no*/ *a*o*/r 'ro/or a ()/7)/ on(y au*or)M/ )& *o )n)%a*/ */&a )na*or)/ an a no* )n a%* )n/ */ S*a*/&/n*. Tu, a*aroun */ *)&/ "/*or)n #n*/r)*y ## 7a 'r)n*/, 'o*/ anu&)**/ *o *) Cour*, a* (/a* on/ 'ur'or*/ )na*ory */r/*oa no* a%*ua((y )n/ */ a&/. Con*rary *o $/an /on/n@'ro'o)*)on, *a* ) 'r/%)/(y *an*a&oun* *o &a)n )* a''/ar *o*) Cour* *a* a '/ron or '/ron 'ar*)%)'a*/ )n an a%* 7/nu% '/ron or '/ron ) no*.

W/ ar/ ur'r)/ *a* o&/on/ ()/ $/an /on/n, 7)* )r/'u*a*)on or '/r/%*)on an *r)n/n* *anar o )n*/((/%*ua(on/*y, %ou( 'roG/r */ /D'(ana* )on *a* */r/7a no &)r/'r//n*a*)on 7/n / a((o7/ a* (/a* on/ '/ron *o/ )n)%a*/ a a+)n a%*ua((y )n/ */ S*a*/&/n* 7/n a(( /

a 7a a +/ra( %o&&un)%a*)on o an )n*/n* *o )n. #n */ %a/ o Ju*)%/ /noMa, 7a* / a 7a on(y /aray )nor&a*)on *a**/ or&/r )n*/n/ *o )n */ S*a*/&/n*. # $/an /on/n 7a*ru(y /*/r&)n/ *o o/r+/ %anor an *ru*u(n/ )n ) /a()n7)* */ Cour*, 7/ // no r/aon 7y / %ou( no* a+/ 7a)*/un*)( a(( */ 'ro/or 7o )n)%a*/ */)r /)r/ *o )n */S*a*/&/n* a )n a%* )n/ /or/ *ran&)**)n */ S*a*/&/n* *o*/ Cour* a a u(y )n/ o%u&/n*. # )* 7a *ru(y )&'o)(/ *o

/%ur/ o&/ )na*ur/, u% a *a* o Ju*)%/ /noMa 7o a*o (/a+/ or aroa, */n $/an /on/n ou( a+/ u* r/)n/)&/( *o */ )na*ur/ *a* / 7a a(/ *o /%ur/.

W/ %anno* )&a)n/ 7a* ur/n* %on%/rn */r/ 7a *a* / %ou(no* 7a)* or a%*ua( )na*ur/ /or/ u&))on o */ S*a*/&/n**o *) Cour*. A r/'on/n* a(( a/r*/, */y 7/r/ n/)*/r'ar*)/ *o nor %oun/( )n */ <)nuya %a/ an */ /*)% %a/aa)n* Ju*)%/ $/( Ca*)((o. T/ S*a*/&/n* 7a n/)*/r a '(/a)n7)* a /a()n/ nor a r/u)r/ u&))on *o */ Cour* ra*/r, )*7a a +o(un*ary u&))on *a* $/an /on/n %ou( o a* any*)&/.

#n u&, */ Cour* ( )/7)/ ?n $/an /on/n@Co&'()an%/ una*)a%*ory. Ho7/+/r, */ Cour* ) 7)(()n *o a%r)/*// )o(a*/ (a'/ )n u&/n* o $/an /on/n *o ) &)'(a%/M/a( )n 'uru)* o ) o/%*)+/. #n u/ %on)/ra*)on o $/an/on/n@ 'ro// oo )n*/n*)on, */ Cour* //& )* u;%)/n**o a&on) $/an /on/n or a)()n *o o/r+/ u(( %anor anon/*y )n ) /a()n 7)* */ Cour* a r/u)r/ un/r Canon 10.

"/'on/n*@ r/u/* or a /ar)n, or'rou%*)on:'r//n*a*)on o /+)/n%//ar)n on */ '(a)ar)& an&)r/'r//n*a*)on )u/ )n .". No.162230 an A.. No. 10-I-1I-SC, an ora%%/ *o */ r/%or o A.. No. 10-I-1I-SC ar/ un&/r)*or)ou.

#n */ Co&&on Co&'()an%/, r/'on/n* na&/ */r/)n a/ ora(*/rna*)+/ r/()/ ou( */ Cour* ?n */)r Co&'()an%/una*)a%*ory, *a* ), *a* */ So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)on / /* or/ar)n an or *a* 'ur'o/, */y / a((o7/ *o r/u)r/ */'rou%*)on or 'r//n*a*)on o 7)*n// an /+)/n%/ /ar)n on*/ '(a)ar)& an &)r/'r//n*a*)on )u/ )n */ <)nuya %a/

K.". No. 162230L an */ '(a)ar)& %a/ aa)n* Ju*)%/ $/(Ca*)((o KA.. No. 10-I-1I-SCL an *o a+/ a%%/ *o */ r/%or o,an /+)/n%/ *a* 7/r/ 'r//n*/ or &ay / 'r//n*/ )n *//*)% %a/ aa)n* Ju*)%/ $/( Ca*)((o. T/ 'ray/r or a /ar)nan or a%%/ *o */ r/%or o A..No. 10-I-1I-SC 7au*an*)a((y /%o/ )n $/an /on/n@ /'ara*/ Co&'()an%/. #nBro. Juan-au*)*a@ Co&'()an%/, / )&)(ar(y /D'r// *//n*)&/n* *a* 8[)] */ "/*or)n #n*/r)*y S*a*/&/n* %an /%on)/r/ )n)r/%* %on*/&'*, un/r S/%*)on 3 o "u(/ I1 o */"u(/ o Cour*, u% &ay / 'un)/ on(y a*/r %ar/ an/ar)n.8 141 #* ) *) rou' o r/'on/n*@ 'r/&)/ *a* *//r/()/ ar/ n/%/ary or */& *o / a%%or/ u(( u/'ro%/. EATC%#

T/ Cour* ?n *) %on*/n*)on un&/r)*or)ou.







7/23/2019 Canon 10 to 13 full


31

F)r*(y, )* 7ou( a''/ar *a* */ %onu)on a *o */ n/%/)*y o a/ar)n )n *) %a/ 'r)n (ar/(y ro& )* %ara%*/r)Ma*)on a a'/%)a( %)+)( a%*)on or )n)r/%* %on*/&'* )n */ $)/n*)n !')n)ono Ju*)%/ S/r/no K*o */ !%*o/r 1, 2010 So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)onLan /r r/()an%/ */r/)n on */ &aor)*y@ 'ur'or*/ a)(ur/ *oo((o7 */ 'ro%/ur/ )n "u(/ I1 o */ "u(/ o Cour* a /r &a)nroun or o''o)*)on *o */ So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)on.

Ho7/+/r, on%/ an or a((, )* ou( / %(ar)?/ *a* *) ) no* an)n)r/%* %on*/&'* 'ro%//)n an "u(/ I1 K7)% r/u)r/ a/ar)nL a no a''()%a*)on *o *) %a/. A /D'()%)*(y or/r/ )n */So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)on *) %a/ 7a o%/*/ a ana&)n)*ra*)+/ &a**/r.

T/ ru(/ *a* ) r/(/+an* *o *) %on*ro+/ry ) "u(/ 13-, S/%*)on13, on )%)'()nary 'ro%//)n )n)*)a*/ &o*u 'ro'r)o y */Su'r/&/ Cour*, *o 7)*

SEC. 13. Su'r/&/ Cour* #n+/*)a*or. = #n 'ro%//)n)n)*)a*/ &o*u 'ro'r)o y */ Su'r/&/ Cour* or )n o*/r'ro%//)n 7/n */ )n*/r/* o u*)%/ o r/u)r/, */ Su'r/&/Cour* &ay r//r */ %a/ or )n+/*)a*)on *o */ So()%)*or /n/ra(or *o any o;%/r o */ Su'r/&/ Cour* or u/ o a (o7/r %our*, )n7)% %a/ */ )n+/*)a*)on a(( 'ro%// )n */ a&/ &ann/r'ro+)/ )n /%*)on 6 *o 11 /r/o, a+/ *a* */ r/+)/7 o */r/'or* o )n+/*)a*)on a(( / %onu%*/ )r/%*(y y */ Su'r/&/Cour*. KE&'a) u''()/.L

Fro& */ or/o)n 'ro+))on, )* %anno* / /n)/ *a* a or&a()n+/*)a*)on, *rou a r//rra( *o */ '/%)?/ o;%/r, ) &/r/(y)%r/*)onary, no* &ana*ory on */ Cour*. Fur*/r&or/, )* ) on(y ) */ Cour* //& u% an )n+/*)a*)on n/%/ary *a* */'ro%/ur/ )n S/%*)on 6 *o 11 o "u(/ 13-A 7)(( / o((o7/.

A r/'on/n* ar/ u((y a7ar/, )n /n/ra(, a&)n)*ra*)+/'ro%//)n o no* r/u)r/ a *r)a( *y'/ /ar)n. W/ a+/ /( *a*

T/ //n%/ o u/ 'ro%/ ) )&'(y an o''or*un)*y *o / /aror, a a''()/ *o a&)n)*ra*)+/ 'ro%//)n, an o''or*un)*y *o/D'(a)n on/@ )/ or an o''or*un)*y *o // a r/%on)/ra*)on o */ a%*)on or ru()n %o&'(a)n/ o. Wa* */ (a7 'ro))*) ao(u*/ a/n%/ o */ o''or*un)*y *o / /ar, /n%/, a 'ar*y%anno* /)n /n)a( o u/ 'ro%/ 7/r/ / a //n aGor/ */

o''or*un)*y *o 'r//n* ) )/. A or&a( or *r)a( *y'/ /ar)n ) no*a* a(( *)&/ an )n a(( )n*an%/ //n*)a( *o u/ 'ro%/, */r/u)r/&/n* o 7)% ar/ a*)?/ 7/r/ */ 'ar*)/ ar/ aGor/a)r an r/aona(/ o''or*un)*y *o /D'(a)n */)r )/ o */%on*ro+/ry. 142 KE&'a/ u''()/.L

#n r/(a*)on *o ar )%)'()n/ %a/, 7/ a+/ a */ o%%a)on *o ru(/)n B/na +. A'ar)%)o 143 *a*

$)%)'()nary 'ro%//)n aa)n* (a7y/r ar/ u) /n/r). N/)*/r'ur/(y %)+)( nor 'ur/(y %r)&)na(, */y o no* )n+o(+/ a *r)a( o ana%*)on or a u)*, u* ) ra*/r an )n+/*)a*)on y */ Cour* )n*o */%onu%* o on/ o )* o;%/r. No* /)n )n*/n/ *o )n9)%*'un)&/n*, )* ) )n no /n/ a %r)&)na( 'ro/%u*)on.A%%or)n(y,*/r/ ) n/)*/r a '(a)n*)G nor a 'ro/%u*or */r/)n. #* &ay /)n)*)a*/ y */ Cour* &o*u 'ro'r)o. Bu()% )n*/r/* ) )* 'r)&aryo/%*)+/, an */ r/a( u/*)on or /*/r&)na*)on ) 7/*/r or no*

*/ a**orn/y ) *)(( a ?* '/ron *o / a((o7/ */ 'r)+)(// au%. H/n%/, )n */ /D/r%)/ o )* )%)'()nary 'o7/r, */ Cour*&/r/(y %a(( u'on a &/&/r o */ ar *o a%%oun* or )a%*ua*)on a an o;%/r o */ Cour* 7)* */ /n )n +)/7 o 'r//r+)n */ 'ur)*y o */ (/a( 'ro/)on an */ 'ro'/r anon/* a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ y 'ur)n */ 'ro/)on o &/&/r 7o y */ )r &)%onu%* a+/ 'ro+/*/&/(+/ no (on/r 7or*y *o / /n*ru*/ 7)* */ u*)/ an

r/'on))()*)/ '/r*a)n)n *o */ o;%/ o an a**orn/y. #n u%'o*ur/, */r/ %an *u /no o%%a)on *o '/a o a %o&'(a)nan*or a 'ro/%u*or. 144 KE&'a/ u''()/.L

#n Ou/ry o A**y. >ar/n . S)(+/r)o-uG/, For&/r C(/r o Cour* =r. 1, "o&(on = !n */ Bro))*)on ro& Ena)n )n */ Br)+a*/Bra%*)%/ o a7, 145 7/ ur*/r o/r+/ *a*

[#]n /+/ra( %a/, */ Cour* a )%)'()n/ (a7y/r 7)*ou*ur*/r )nu)ry or r/or* *o any or&a( )n+/*)a*)on 7/r/ */ a%*on r/%or u;%)/n*(y 'ro+)/ */ a) or */ /*/r&)na*)on o */)r a&)n)*ra*)+/ ()a)()*y.

#n Bru/n*)a( an +. Ca*ro, */ Cour* )arr/ a (a7y/r 7)*ou*n// o any ur*/r )n+/*)a*)on a*/r %on)/r)n ) a%*)ona/ on r/%or o7)n ) un/*)%a( &)%onu%* */&)%onu%* no* on(y %a* )onor on */ )&a/ o o* */ /n%an */ ar, u* 7a a(o )n)&)%a( *o 'u()% )n*/r/* an 7/(ar/. #n*) r/ar, */ Cour* *oo u)%)a( no*)%/ o /+/ra( %a/ an(/y */ /rran* (a7y/r an ) %oor* *a* r/+/a(/ */)r &ouo'/ran) )n %)r%u&+/n*)n */ 'ay&/n* o */ 'ro'/r u)%)a( //or */ a*rono&)%a( u& */y %(a)&/ )n */)r %a/. T/ Cour*/( *a* *o/ %a/ u;%)/n*(y 'ro+)/ */ a) or *//*/r&)na*)on o r/'on/n*@ a&)n)*ra*)+/ ()a)()*y, 7)*ou* n//or ur*/r )nu)ry )n*o */ &a**/r un/r */ 'r)n%)'(/ o r/ )'a(ou)*ur. HA$TEC

A(o on */ a) o *) 'r)n%)'(/, 7/ ru(/ )n ")%ar +. Aoy,*a* no /+)/n*)ary /ar)n ) r/u)r/ /or/ */ r/'on/n* &ay/ )%)'()n/ or 'ro/)ona( &)%onu%* a(r/ay /*a()/ y*/ a%* on r/%or.

DDD DDD DDD

T// %a/ %(/ar(y o7 *a* */ a/n%/ o any or&a( %ar/

aa)n* an:or or&a( )n+/*)a*)on o an /rran* (a7y/r o no*'r/%(u/ */ Cour* ro& )&&/)a*/(y /D/r%))n )* )%)'()n)nau*or)*y, a (on a */ /rran* (a7y/r or u/ a //n )+/n */o''or*un)*y *o / /ar. A 7/ *a*/ /ar()/r, A**y. uG/ a //naGor/ */ o''or*un)*y *o / /ar on */ 'r//n* &a**/r*rou /r (/**/r-u/ry an an)/*a*)on ?(/ /or/ *)Cour*. 146 KE&'a/ u''()/.L

Un/r */ ru(/ an ur)'ru/n%/, r/'on/n* %(/ar(ya no r)* *o a /ar)n an */)r r//r+a*)on o a r)* */y ono* a+/ a no /G/%* on *// 'ro%//)n. N/)*/r a+/ */yo7n )n */)r '(/a)n any u*)?%a*)on or *) Cour* *o %a(( or a/ar)n )n *) )n*an%/. T/y a+/ no* '/%)?%a((y *a*/7a* r/(/+an* /+)/n%/, o%u&/n*ary or */*)&on)a(, */y )n*/n*o 'r//n* )n */)r //n/ *a* 7)(( n/%/)*a*/ a or&a( /ar)n.

#n*/a, )* 7ou( a''/ar *a* */y )n*/n *o 'r//n* r/%or,/+)/n%/, an 7)*n// /ar)n on */ '(a)ar)& an&)r/'r//n*a*)on )u/ )n */ <)nuya %a/ an )nA.. No. 10-I-1I-SC on */ au&'*)on *a* */ ?n)n o *) Cour* 7)% 7/r/*/ a/ o */ So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)on 7/r/ &a/ )n A.. No. 10-I-1I-SC, or 7/r/ r/(a*/ *o */ %on%(u)on o */ Cour* )n */$/%))on )n *a* %a/. T) ) */ 'r)&ary r/aon or */)r r/u/*or a%%/ *o */ r/%or an /+)/n%/ 'r//n*/ )n A..No. 10-I-

1I-SC. T) au&'*)on on */ 'ar* o r/'on/n* ) /rron/ou. To)((u*ra*/, */ on(y )n%)/n* )n A.. No. 10-I-1I-SC *a* ) r/(/+an**o */ %a/ a* ar ) */ a%* *a* */ u&))on o */ a%*ua()n/ %o'y o */ S*a*/&/n* Kor "/*or)n #n*/r)*y #, a $/an/on/n r//rr/ *o )*L a''/n/ */r/. A'ar* ro& *a* a%*, )*/ar r/'/a*)n *a* */ 'ro%//)n )n A.. No. 10-I-1I-SC, *//*)% %a/ aa)n* Ju*)%/ $/( Ca*)((o, ) a /'ara*/ an)n/'/n/n* &a**/r ro& *) %a/.

To ?n */ a/ o */ *a*/&/n* o */ Cour* )n */ So7 Cau/"/o(u*)on *a* */ r/'on/n* )u/ a S*a*/&/n* 7)* (anua/*a* */ Cour* //& o/%*)ona(/ ur)n */ '/n/n%y o */ <)nuya %a/ an */ /*)% %a/ aa)n* Ju*)%/ $/( Ca*)((o,r/'on/n* n// *o o no ur*/r *an */ our %orn/r o */S*a*/&/n* )*/(, )* +ar)ou +/r)on, n/7 r/'or*:%o(u&n K&anyo 7)% r/'on/n* */&/(+/ u''()/ *o *) Cour* )n */)rCo&&on Co&'()an%/L an )n*/rn/* our%/ *a* ar/ a(r/ay o 'u()% no7(//.

Con)/r)n *a* 7a* r/'on/n* ar/ %)/9y r/u)r/ *o /D'(a)nar/ */ (anua/ o */ S*a*/&/n* an */ %)r%u&*an%/urroun)n */ ra*)n, 'r)n*)n, )n)n, )/&)na*)on, /*%., o )* +ar)ou +/r)on, */ Cour* o/ no* // o7 any 7)*n/ or/+)/n%/ )n */ /*)% %a/ o Ju*)%/ $/( Ca*)((o %ou( 'o)(y/ ()* on *// a%*. To / ur/, *// a%* ar/ 7)*)n */no7(// o r/'on/n* an ) */r/ ) any /+)/n%/ on *//&a**/r */ a&/ 7ou( / )n */)r 'o/)on.

W/ ?n )* )n)?%an* *a* )n $/an /on/n@ Co&'()an%/ /narra*/ o7 a /ar(y a S/'*/&/r 2010, )./., /or/ */ $/%))ono *) Cour* )n */ /*)% %a/ o Ju*)%/ $/( Ca*)((o on !%*o/r12, 2010 an /or/ */ !%*o/r 1, 2010 So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)on,r/*)r/ Su'r/&/ Cour* Ju*)%/ <)%/n*/ <. /noMa, a*/r /)n

o7n a %o'y o */ S*a*/&/n* u'on ) r/*urn ro& aroa,'r/)%*/ *a* */ Cour* 7ou( *a/ o&/ or& o a%*)on on */S*a*/&/n*. y )&'(y r/a)n a ar %o'y o */ S*a*/&/n*, ar/aona(/ '/ron, /+/n on/ 7o 8una&/n*a((y ar//8 7)* */S*a*/&/n*@ 'r)n%)'(/, %ou( or/// */ 'o))()*y o %our* a%*)onon */ a&/ on an )&'()%)* r/%on)*)on *a* */ S*a*/&/n*, a7or/, ) no* a &a**/r *) Cour* ou( )&'(y (/* 'a. T)/()/ r/'on/n*@ %(a)& *a* )* ) n/%/ary or */& *o r//r *oany r/%or or /+)/n%/ )n A.. No. 10-I-1I-SC )n or/r *o )+)n/*/ a/ or */ So7 Cau/ "/o(u*)on.

# r/'on/n* a+/ %o/n no* *o )n%(u/ %/r*a)n ')/%/ o /+)/n%/ )n */)r r/'/%*)+/ %o&'()an%/ or %o/n no* *o &a/ au(( //n/ a* *) *)&/, /%au/ */y 7/r/ %oun*)n on /)nran*/ a /ar)n, *a* ) r/'on/n*@ o7n (oo-ou*. #n//, (a7'ro/or o */)r *a*ur/ ar/ u''o/ *o / a7ar/ o */ ao+/

ur)'ru/n*)a( o%*r)n/ r/ar)n */ non-n/%/)*y o a /ar)n


















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)n )%)'()nary %a/. T/y ou( /ar */ %on/u/n%/ o */ r)*/y a+/ *a/n.

Tu, r/'on/n*@ r/u/* or a /ar)n an or a%%/ *o */r/%or o, an /+)/n%/ 'r//n*/ )n, A.. No. 10-I-1I-SC ou(/ /n)/ or (a% o &/r)*.

A ?na( 7or

#n a /&o%ra%y, &/&/r o */ (/a( %o&&un)*y ar/ ar(y/D'/%*/ *o a+/ &ono()*)% +)/7 on any u/%*, / )* a (/a(,'o()*)%a( or o%)a( )u/. E+/n a (a7y/r 'a)ona*/(y an+)orou(y 'ro'oun */)r 'o)n* o +)/7 */y ar/ oun y %/r*a)nru(/ o %onu%* or */ (/a( 'ro/)on. T) Cour* ) %/r*a)n(y no*%(a)&)n *a* )* ou( / )/(/ ro& %r)*)%)&. A(( */ Cour*/&an ) */ a&/ r/'/%* an %our*/y *a* on/ (a7y/r o7/*o ano*/r un/r /*a()/ /*)%a( *anar. A(( (a7y/r,7/*/r */y ar/ u/, %our* /&'(oy//, 'ro/or or 'r)+a*/'ra%*)*)on/r, ar/ o;%/r o */ Cour* an a+/ +o(un*ar)(y *a/nan oa*, a an )n)'/na(/ ua()?%a*)on or a&))on *o */ ar,*o %onu%* */&/(+/ 7)* oo ?/()*y *o7ar */ %our*. T/r/) no /D/&'*)on ro& *) 7orn u*y or (a7 'ro/or, r/ar(/o */)r *a*u )n */ a%a/&)% %o&&un)*y or */ (a7 %oo( *o7)% */y /(on. aSATHE

WHE"EF!"E, *) a&)n)*ra*)+/ &a**/r ) /%)/ a o((o7

K1L W)* r/'/%* *o Bro. <au/M, a*/r a+ora(y no*)n )u&))on, */ Cour* ?n ) Co&'()an%/ *o / SAT#SFACT!"Y.

K2L T/ Co&&on Co&'()an%/ o 35 r/'on/n*, na&/(y, A**y.ar+)% .<.F. /on/n, Fro)(an . a%unan, Ba%)?%o A. Aa)n,/r()n . aa((ona, Sa(+aor T. Car(o*a, Car&/(o <. S)on, Ba*r)%)a".B. Sa(+aor $a7ay, $an*/ . a*&ay*an, T/oor/ !. T/, F(or)n T.H)(ay, Jay . a*ona%a(, E+/(yn K/oL $. a**a, 7/n . $/</ra, So(o&on F. u&a, "o&&/( J. Ca), Jo/ /raro A.A(a&'ay, )u/( ". Ar&o+)*, Ar*ur B. Au*/a, "oa ar)a J. au*)*a,ar ". o%oo, $an B. Ca()%a, Tr)*an A. Ca*)n), Sanra ar)/ !.Coron/(, "oar)o !. a((o, Con%/'%)on . Jar/(/Ma, An*on)o .. a<)a, Car)na C. aor*/Ma, Jo/ C. aur/*a, "oo(o No/( S. Ou)&o,An*on)o . San*o, &/(//n Fay/ . To&o%, N)%o(a F/()D . Ty,E+a(yn . Urua, Suan $. <)((anu/+a an $)na $. u%/nar)o, )oun UNSAT#SFACT!"Y. T// 35 r/'on/n* (a7 'ro/or

ar/ "E#N$E$ o */)r (a7y/r(y u*y, un/r Canon 1, 11 an 13o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y, *o )+/ u/ r/'/%* *o*/ Cour* an *o r/ra)n ro& )n*/&'/ra*/ an oG/n)+/ (anua/*/n)n *o )n9u/n%/ */ Cour* on '/n)n &a**/r or *o /n)ra*/*/ Cour* an */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/ an 7arn/ *a* */a&/ or )&)(ar a%* )n */ u*ur/ a(( / /a(* 7 )* &or/ /+/r/(y.

K3L T/ /'ara*/ Co&'()an%/ o $/an ar+)% .<.F./on/n r/ar)n */ %ar/ o +)o(a*)on o Canon 10 )oun UNSAT#SFACT!"Y. H/ ) ur*/r A$!N#SHE$*o / &or/&)nu( o ) u*y, a a &/&/r o */ ar, an o;%/r o */Cour*, an a $/an an 'ro/or o (a7, *o o/r+/ u(( %anor anon/*y )n ) /a()n 7)* */ Cour* an 7arn/ *a* */ a&/or )&)(ar a%* )n */ u*ur/ a(( / /a(* 7)* &or/ /+/r/(y.

K4L Bro. yn%, 7o ) no* a &/&/r o */ B)()'')n/ ar,) EPCUSE$ ro& *// 'ro%//)n. Ho7/+/r, / ) r/&)n/ *a*

7)(/ / ) /na/ a a 'ro/or )n a B)()'')n/ (a7 %oo( /ou( *r)+/ *o / a &o/( o r/'on)(/ an 'ro/)ona(%onu%* *o ) *u/n* /+/n 7)*ou* */ *r/a* o an%*)on ro&*) Cour*.

K5L F)na((y, r/'on/n*@ r/u/* or a /ar)n an or a%%/ *o*/ r/%or o A.. No. 10-I-1I-SC ar/ $EN#E$ or (a% o &/r)*.

S! !"$E"E$.

K"/ /**/r o */ UB a7 Fa%u(*y on A((/a*)on o B(a)ar)&an )r/'r//n*a*)on )n */ Su'r/&/ Cour*, A.. No. 10-10-4-SC,ar% 0, 2011L

[A.C. No. 5054. ay 2, 2002.]

S!E$A$ NUXEQ, r/'r//n*/ y ANAN#AS . C!, A**orn/y-)n-Fa%*or %o&'(a)nan*, '/*) *)on/r , +. ATTY. "!U!"#CAF!"T, r/'on/n*.

Anan)a . Co, Jr. or %o&'(a)nan*.

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T) ) an a&)n)*ra*)+/ %o&'(a)n* ?(/ y So(/a Nu/M, a/'*ua/nar)an r/'r//n*/ y /r a**orn/y-)n-a%* Anan)a . Co,

//)n */ )ar&/n* o r/'on/n*. #* a''/ar/ *a* */%o&'(a)nan* au*or)M/ */ r/'on/n* *o /(( /r *7o 'ar%/( o (an or a %o&&))on. Ho7/+/r, a*/r /(()n */ (o* / ) no**urn o+/r */ 'ro%// o */ a(/ /')*/ %o&'(a)nan*@ r/'/a*//&an. T) or%/ */ %o&'(a)nan* *o ?(/ an a%*)on or a u& o &on/y aa)n* */ r/'on/n* an ) 7)/. T/r/a*/r, */ %our*or/r/ r/'on/n* *o 'ay ) o()a*)on *o */ %o&'(a)nan*. T/r/'on/n* a''/a(/ *o */ Cour* o A''/a(, 7)% 7a )&)/or non-'ay&/n* o o%/* //. #n */ a*)a%*)on o */ 7r)* o /D/%u*)on )u/ y */ %our*, */ r/'on/n* )u/ our'o*a*/ %/%, 7)% 7/r/ (a*/r )onor/ /%au/ */a%%oun* a //n %(o/. Aa)n, /%au/ r/'on/n* )nor/ */r/'/a*/ /&an o */ %o&'(a)nan* *o &a/ oo */ %/%,our %r)&)na( %o&'(a)n* or +)o(a*)on o .B. (. 22 7/r/ ?(/aa)n* )& an ) 7)/. /%au/ o */ a)(ur/ o */ r/'on/n**o %o&&/n* on */ %o&'(a)n* aa)n* )&, */ Su'r/&/ Cour*r//rr/ */ %a/ *o */ #n*/ra*/ ar o */ B)()'')n/ K#BL or

)n+/*)a*)on, r/'or* an r/%o&&/na*)on. T/ #B )n+/*)a*)n%o&&))on/r %on%(u/ *a* */ r/'on/n* a no )n*/n*)on *oonor */ &on/y u&/n* aa)n* )& an r/%o&&/n/ *a*r/'on/n* / /%(ar/ u)(*y o &)%onu%* an / u'/n/ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7 or a* (/a* on/ y/ar an 'ay */ a&oun*o */ %/% )u/ *o */ %o&'(a)nan*.

T/ Su'r/&/ Cour* %on%urr/ 7)* */ ?n)n o */ #B *a* */r/'on/n* 7a u)(*y o &)%onu%* )n ) /a()n 7)*%o&'(a)nan*. y +)o(a*)n "u(/ 1.01 o Canon 1 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y, r/'on/n* )&)n)/ 'u()%%on?/n%/ )n */ (a7 an (a7y/r. T/ '/na(*y o u'/n)on)&'o/ y */ #B 7a )na/ua*/. For ) /()/ra*/ +)o(a*)on o "u(/ 1.01 o Canon 1 an "u(/ 12.03 an 12.04 o Canon 12 o */Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y, %ou'(/ 7)* ) 'a('a(/ aa)* an )on/*y )n ) /a()n 7)* */ %o&'(a)nan*,

r/'on/n* //r+/ a ra+/r '/na(*y. T/ ra+/r '/na(*y ))n/?n)*/ u'/n)on ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7.

SYAUS

1. EA ETH#CS C!$E !F B"!FESS#!NA "ESB!NS###TY<#!AT#!N THE"E!F $##N#SHES BU#C C!NF#$ENCE #N AW AN$AWYE"S B"ESENT #N CASE AT A". = T/r/ ) no n// *o *r/*%on/@ )&a)na*)on *o arr)+/ a* an )n/+)*a(/ %on%(u)on *a*r/'on/n* ra+/(y au/ */ %on?/n%/ *a* %o&'(a)nan*r/'o/ )n )& an %o&&)**/ )on/*y 7/n / ) no* *urno+/r */ 'ro%// o */ a(/ o /r 'ro'/r*y. Wor/, 7)* 'a('a(/a a)*, / %o&'/((/ */ %o&'(a)nan* *o o *o %our* or */r/%o+/ry o */ 'ro%// o */ a(/ an, )n */ 'ro%/, *o '/n&on/y, *)&/ an /n/ry */r/or. T/n, /')*/ ) /()/ra*/a)(ur/ *o an7/r */ %o&'(a)n* r/u(*)n )n ) a+)n //n/%(ar/ )n /au(*, / a''/a(/ ro& */ u&/n* *o */ Cour* o A''/a(. Aa)n, a a)* a**/n/ u% a */' /%au/ / ) no*'ay */ o%/* // /')*/ no*)%/. N//(/ *o *a*/, r/'on/n*7an*/ *o 'ro(on */ *ra+a)( an /n/ry an aony o */%o&'(a)nan* an *o /noy */ ru)* o 7a* r)*u((y /(on *o*/ (a**/r. Una*)?/ 7)* 7a* / a a(r/ay unu*(y anun(a7u((y on/ *o %o&'(a)nan*, r/'on/n* )u/ %/% *oa*)y */ a()a 7r)* o /D/%u*)on. u*, r/&a)n)n unr/'/n*an* o 7a* / a on/ an )n %on*)nu/ 'uru)* o a %(/ar(y &a()%)ou'(an no* *o 'ay %o&'(a)nan* o 7a* a //n +a()(y an (a7u((yau/ y */ %our* aa)n* )&, r/'on/n* %(o/ */ a%%oun*aa)n* 7)% */ %/% 7/r/ ra7n. T/r/ 7a /%/)* )n *)."/'on/n* n/+/r a */ )n*/n*)on o 'ay)n ) o()a*)on a'ro+/ y */ a%* *a* /')*/ */ %r)&)na( %a/ or +)o(a*)ono .B. (. 22, / ) no* 'ay */ o()a*)on. A(( */ or/o)n%on*)*u*/ ra+/ an ro &)%onu%* )n (a*an* +)o(a*)on o "u(/101 o Canon 1 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y 7)%'ro+)/ A a7y/r a(( no* /na/ )n un(a7u(, )on/* an)&&ora( or /%/)*u( %onu%*. y +)o(a*)n "u(/ 101 o Canon 1 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y, r/'on/n* )&)n)/'u()% %on?/n%/ )n */ (a7 an (a7y/r Ku)o +. ")%aor*, 23SC"A 40I [1I] $u%a* +. <)((a(on, 33I SC"A 622 [2000]L. #n*/ao 'ro&o*)n u% %on?/n%/ an r/'/%*, / &)/ra(y a)(/ *o()+/ u' *o */ *anar o */ (/a( 'ro/)on Kona*o +. AaMa,32 SC"A 64 [2000] $u%a* +. <)((a(on, u'raL.

2. #$. #$. AWYE"S A"E "EOU#"E$ T! A<!#$ ANY ACT#!N THAT

W!U$ UN$UY $EAY A CASE, #BE$E EPECUT#!N !F JU$ENT!" #SUSE C!U"T B"!CESSES <#!AT#!N #N CASE AT A". ="/'on/n*@ a%* o )u)n a %/% )n a*)a%*)on o */ a()a 7r)* o /D/%u*)on or &on/y u&/n* r/n/r/ y */*r)a( %our* 7a a %(/ar a**/&'* *o //a* */ /n o u*)%/. H)a)(ur/ *o &a/ oo */ %/% /')*/ /&an an */ %r)&)na(%a/ or +)o(a*)on o .B. (. 22 o7/ ) %on*)nu/ /?an%/ o

u)%)a( 'ro%//, 7)% /, a an o;%/r o */ %our*, 7a un/r%on*)nu)n u*y *o u'o(. To ur*/r /&on*ra*/ ) +/ry (o7r/ar or */ %our* an u)%)a( 'ro%//, r/'on/n* /+/n a*/ */&/r)*y o &a)n a &o%/ry o our /n/ro)*y *o )&. W/ran*/ ) *r// &o*)on or /D*/n)on o *)&/ *o ?(/ ) %o&&/n*on */ %o&'(a)n* )n *) %a/. Y/*, no* on(y ) / a)( *o ?(/ */%o&&/n*, / a 7/(( ) no* /+/n o*/r *o /D'(a)n u% a)(ur/no*7)**an)n our r/o(u*)on /%(ar)n )& a a+)n 7a)+/ */?()n o */ %o&&/n*. To */ H)/* Cour* o */ (an, r/'on/n*o'/n(y o7/ a ) /r// o )rr/'on))()*y a&oun*)n *o

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33

7)((u( )o/)/n%/ *o )* (a7u( or/r KT/r&o%/& #n%or'ora*/+. Na+a(, 344 SC"A I6, 2 [2000] S)')n-Naor +. A**y. a*/r)na,A&. Ca/ No. 40I3, 2 Jun/ 2001L. "/'on/n* */n no7)n(yan 7)((u((y +)o(a*/ "u(/ 12.04 an 1203 o Canon 12 o */Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y, 7)% r/'/%*)+/(y 'ro+)/ *a*(a7y/r ou( a+o) any a%*)on *a* 7ou( unu(y /(ay a %a/,)&'// */ /D/%u*)on o a u&/n* or &)u/ %our* 'ro%//an *a* (a7y/r, a*/r o*a)n)n /D*/n)on o *)&/ *o ?(/'(/a)n, &/&orana or r)/, ou( no* (/* */ '/r)o (a'/7)*ou* u&)**)n */ a&/ or oG/r)n an /D'(ana*)on or */)ra)(ur/ *o o o.

3. #$. #$. WHEN $E#E"ATEY <#!ATE$ B"!BE" BENATY. = T/ '/na(*y o u'/n)on 8or a* (/a* on/ K1L y/ar8 )&'o/ y*/ oar o o+/rnor o */ #B ) o* +au/ an )na/ua*/. Au'/n)on &ay /)*/r / )n/?n)*/ or or a '/%)?% ura*)on./)/, un/r */ %)r%u&*an%/ o *) %a/ a u'/n)on or ay/ar ) '(a)n(y +/ry ()* an )na/ua*/. For ) /()/ra*/+)o(a*)on or /?an%/ o "u(/ 1.01 o Canon 1 an "u(/ 1203 an1204 o Canon 12 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y,%ou'(/ 7)* ) 'a('a(/ a a)* an )on/*y )n ) /a()n7)* */ %o&'(a)nan*, r/'on/n* //r+/ a ra+/ '/na(*y. Ta*ra+/r '/na(*y ) )n/?n)*/ u'/n)on ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7.

" E S ! U T # ! N

BE" CU"#A '

T) ) an a&)n)*ra*)+/ %o&'(a)n* ?(/ on 21 A'r)( 1 ySo(/a Nu/M, a /'*ua/nar)an r/'r//n*/ y /r a**orn/y-)n-a%* Anan)a . Co, Jr., //)n */ )ar&/n* o r/'on/n* A**y."o&u(o ")%aor* on */ roun o ra+/ &)%onu%*. S#$EaA

Fro& */ o%u&/n* u&)**/ y */ %o&'(a)nan*, )* a''/ar *a*o&/*)&/ )n !%*o/r 12 / au*or)M/ r/'on/n* *o /(( /r*7o 'ar%/( o (an (o%a*/ )n /aM') C)*y or B40,000. S/ ar//*o )+/ r/'on/n* 10 '/r%/n* o */ 'r)%/ a %o&&))on."/'on/n* u%%/// )n /(()n */ (o*, u* /')*/%o&'(a)nan*@ r/'/a*/ /&an, / ) no* *urn o+/r *o /r */'ro%// o */ a(/. T) or%/ %o&'(a)nan* *o ?(/ aa)n*r/'on/n* an ) 7)/ an a%*)on or a u& o &on/y /or/ */"/)ona( Tr)a( Cour* o Ou/Mon C)*y. T/ %a/ 7a o%/*/ a C)+)(Ca/ No. O-3-15052. $aAC#H

For ) a)(ur/ *o ?(/ an an7/r, r/'on/n* 7a /%(ar/ )n /au(*an %o&'(a)nan* 7a r/u)r/ *o 'r//n* /D-'ar*/ /r /+)/n%/.!n 2 S/'*/&/r 13, */ %our* r/n/r/ )* /%))on KAnn/D 8C8o */ Co&'(a)n*L or/r)n r/'on/n* /r/)n *o 'ay %o&'(a)nan**/ u& o B16,000 a 'r)n%)'a( o()a*)on, 7)* )n*/r/* */r/on a**/ (/a( ra*/ ro& */ a*/ o */ %o&&/n%/&/n* o */a%*)on, )./., ar% 13, un*)( )* ) u((y 'a), an *o 'ay */ %o*o u)*.

"/'on/n* an ) 7)/ a''/a(/ ro& */ /%))on *o */ Cour*o A''/a(. Ho7/+/r, */ a''/a( 7a )&)/ or a)(ur/ *o 'ay*/ r/u)r/ o%/* // 7)*)n */ r/(/&/n*ary '/r)o /')*/no*)%/.

!n 23 !%*o/r 15 %o&'(a)nan* ?(/ )n C)+)( Ca/ No. O-3-15052 a &o*)on or */ )uan%/ o an a()a 7r)* o /D/%u*)on,

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#n */ 8Jo)n* A;a+)*8 o r/'on/n* an ) 7)/ ?(/ 7)* */!;%/ o */ Bro/%u*or, Ou/Mon C)*y, r/'on/n* a&)**/ a+)nra7n an )u/ a) our 'o*a*/ %/% )n a+or o %o&'(a)nan*. A((//(y /()/+)n )n oo a)* *a* a) %/% aa(r/ay //n /n%a/ y %o&'(a)nan*, / u/u/n*(y %(o/) %/%)n a%%oun* )n C)na an)n Cor'ora*)on, /aM') C)*y,ro& 7)% a) our %/% 7/r/ ra7n. H/ 7a no* no*)?/ *a**/ %/% 7/r/ )onor/. Ha / //n no*)?/, / 7ou( a+/&a/ */ n/%/ary arran/&/n* 7)* */ an.

W/ r/u)r/ r/'on/n* *o %o&&/n* on */ %o&'(a)n*. u* /n/+/r ) /')*/ our a+ora(/ a%*)on on ) *r// &o*)on or/D*/n)on o *)&/ *o ?(/ */ %o&&/n*. H) a)(ur/ *o o o%o&'/((/ %o&'(a)nan* *o ?(/ on 10 ar% 2000 a &o*)on *o %)*/r/'on/n* )n %on*/&'* on */ roun *a* ) *ra*/y *o ?(/')/%/&/a( &o*)on or /D*/n)on o *)&/ *o u&)* */ %o&&/n*8&a% o a /(ay)n *a%*)% %/&/ *a* ) un7or*y o a &/&/ro */ ar an a (a7 /an.8

#n our r/o(u*)on o 14 Jun/ 2000, 7/ no*/ */ &o*)on or%on*/&'* %on)/r/ r/'on/n* *o a+/ 7a)+/ */ ?()n o a%o&&/n* an r//rr/ *) %a/ *o */ #n*/ra*/ ar o */B)()'')n/ K#BL or )n+/*)a*)on, r/'or* an r/%o&&/na*)on or/%))on 7)*)n n)n/*y ay ro& no*)%/ o */ r/o(u*)on.

#n /r "/'or* an "/%o&&/na*)on a*/ 12 S/'*/&/r 2000,

#n+/*)a*)n Co&&))on/r A**y. )(aro <. San Juan %on%(u/*a* r/'on/n* a no )n*/n*)on *o 8onor8 */ &on/y u&/n*aa)n* )& )n C)+)( Ca/ No. O-3-15052 a %an / (/an/ ro&) K1L )uan%/ o 'o*a*/ %/% K2L %(o)n o */ a%%oun*aa)n* 7)% a) %/% 7/r/ ra7n an K3L %on*)nu/ a)(ur/ *o&a/ oo */ a&oun* o */ %/%. S/ */n r/%o&&/n *a*r/'on/n* / /%(ar/ 8u)(*y o &)%onu%* )n ) /a()n 7)*%o&'(a)nan*8 an / u'/n/ ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7 or a*(/a* on/ y/ar an 'ay */ a&oun* o */ %/% )u/ *o */%o&'(a)nan*.

#n )* "/o(u*)on No. P<-2001-244 o 2I !%*o/r 2001, */ oar o o+/rnor o */ #B a''ro+/ an ao'*/ A**y. San Juan@ "/'or*an "/%o&&/na*)on.

W/ %on%ur 7)* */ ?n)n o */ #n+/*)a*)n Co&&))on/r, aao'*/ an a''ro+/ y */ oar o o+/rnor o */ #B, *a*

r/'on/n* A**y. "o&u(o ")%aor* ) u)(*y o ra+/ &)%onu%* )n) /a()n 7)* %o&'(a)nan*. #n//, */ r/%or o7r/'on/n*@ ra+/ &)%onu%* an no*or)ou )on/*y.

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A(( */ or/o)n %on*)*u*/ ra+/ an ro &)%onu%* )n (a*an*+)o(a*)on o "u(/ 101 o Canon 1 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona("/'on))()*y 7)% 'ro+)/

A (a7y/r a(( no* /na/ )n un(a7u(, )on/* an )&&ora( or/%/)*u( %onu%*.

"/'on/n*@ %(a)& o oo a)* )n %(o)n ) a%%oun* /%au/ /*ou* %o&'(a)nan* a a(r/ay /n%a/ a(( %/% )'r/'o*/rou. T/ a%%oun* 7a %(o/ on or /or/ 26 F/ruary16. H/ n/7 *a* */r/ 7/r/ *)(( o*/r %/% u/ on 2F/ruary 16 an 15 ar% 16 7)% %ou( no* / /n%a//or/ */)r &a*ur)*y a*/.

y +)o(a*)n "u(/ 101 o Canon 1 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona(

"/'on))()*y, r/'on/n* )&)n)/ 'u()% %on?/n%/ )n */ (a7an */ (a7y/r Ku)o +. ")%aor*, 23 SC"A 40I [1I] $u%a*+. <)((a(on, 33I SC"A 622 [2000]L. #n*/a o 'ro&o*)n u%%on?/n%/ an r/'/%*, / &)/ra(y a)(/ *o ()+/ u' *o */*anar o */ (/a( 'ro/)on Kona*o +. AaMa, 32 SC"A 64[2000] $u%a* +. <)((a(on, u'raL.

"/'on/n*@ a%* o )u)n a %/% )n a*)a%*)on o */ a()a 7r)* o /D/%u*)on or &on/y u&/n* r/n/r/ y */*r)a( %our* 7a a %(/ar a**/&'* *o //a* */ /n o u*)%/. H)a)(ur/ *o &a/ oo */ %/% /')*/ /&an an */ %r)&)na(%a/ or +)o(a*)on o .B. (. 22 o7/ ) %on*)nu/ /?an%/ o

u)%)a( 'ro%//, 7)% /, a an o;%/r o */ %our*, 7a un/r%on*)nu)n u*y *o u'o(.

To ur*/r /&on*ra*/ ) +/ry (o7 r/ar or */ %our* an u)%)a( 'ro%//, r/'on/n* /+/n a */ */&/r)*y o &a)n a

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&o%/ry o our /n/ro)*y *o )&. W/ ran*/ ) *r// &o*)on or/D*/n)on o *)&/ *o ?(/ ) %o&&/n* on */ %o&'(a)n* )n *) %a/.

Y/*, no* on(y ) / a)( *o ?(/ */ %o&&/n*, / a 7/(( ) no*/+/n o*/r *o /D'(a)n u% a)(ur/ no*7)**an)n our r/o(u*)on/%(ar)n )& a a+)n 7a)+/ */ ?()n o */ %o&&/n*. To */H)/* Cour* o */ (an, r/'on/n* o'/n(y o7/ a )/r// o )rr/'on))()*y a&oun*)n *o 7)((u( )o/)/n%/ *o )*(a7u( or/r KT/r&o%/& #n%or'ora*/ +. Na+a(, 344 SC"A I6,2 [2000] S)')n-Naor +. A**y. a*/r)na, A&. Ca/ No. 40I3, 2

Jun/ 2001L.

"/'on/n* */n no7)n(y an 7)((u((y +)o(a*/ "u(/ 1204 an1203 o Canon 12 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y, 7)%r/'/%*)+/(y 'ro+)/ *a* (a7y/r ou( a+o) any a%*)on *a*7ou( unu(y /(ay a %a/, )&'// */ /D/%u*)on o a u&/n* or&)u/ %our* 'ro%// an *a* (a7y/r, a*/r o*a)n)n/D*/n)on o *)&/ *o ?(/ '(/a)n, &/&orana or r)/, ou(no* (/* */ '/r)o (a'/ 7)*ou* u&)**)n */ a&/ or oG/r)n an/D'(ana*)on or */)r a)(ur/ *o o o.

T/ '/na(*y o u'/n)on 8or a* (/a* on/ K1L y/ar8 )&'o/ y*/ oar o o+/rnor o */ #B ) o* +au/ an )na/ua*/. Au'/n)on &ay /)*/r / )n/?n)*/ or or a '/%)?% ura*)on./)/, un/r */ %)r%u&*an%/ o *) %a/ a u'/n)on or ay/ar ) '(a)n(y +/ry ()* an )na/ua*/. For ) /()/ra*/+)o(a*)on or /?an%/ o "u(/ 101 o Canon 1 an "u(/ 1203 an1204 o Canon 12 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y,%ou'(/ 7)* ) 'a('a(/ a a)* an )on/*y )n ) /a()n7)* */ %o&'(a)nan*, r/'on/n* //r+/ a ra+/r '/na(*y. Ta*ra+/r '/na(*y ) )n/?n)*/ u'/n)on ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7.

#N <#EW !F A THE F!"E!#N, r/'on/n* A**y. "o&u(o ")%aor*) /r/y #N$EF#N#TEY SUSBEN$E$ ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7, an) )r/%*/ *o 'ay %o&'(a)nan* So(/a Nu/M */ a&oun* o B13,00 7)*)n */n K10L ay ro& no*)%/ o *) r/o(u*)on. %CaSHA

T) r/o(u*)on a(( *a/ /G/%* )&&/)a*/(y. Co')/ */r/o a((/ urn)/ */ !;%/ o */ ar Con?an*, *o / a''/n/ *or/'on/n*@ '/rona( r/%or */ !;%/ o */ Br/)/n* */$/'ar*&/n* o Ju*)%/ */ Cour* o A''/a( */ San)anayanan */ #n*/ra*/ ar o */ B)()'')n/. T/ Cour* A&)n)*ra*ora(( a(o urn) a(( (o7/r %our* 7)* %o')/ o *) "/o(u*)on.

S! !"$E"E$.

KNu/M +. ")%aor*, A.C. No. 5054 K"/o(u*)onL, ay 2, 2002L

[A.C. No. 6252. !%*o/r 5, 2004.]

J!NA" SANT#A!, %o&'(a)nan*, +. A**y. E$#S!N <."AFANAN, r/'on/n*.

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no* /)*a*/ *o &/*/ ou* a''ro'r)a*/ an%*)on *o *o/ 7o+)o(a*/ )* or n/(/%* o/r+an%/ */r/o.

T/ Ca/ an */ Fa%*

/or/ u ) a +/r)?/ Co&'(a)n* 1 ?(/ y Jonar San*)ao, an/&'(oy// o */ ur/au o Ja)( ana/&/n* an B/no(oy KJBL,or */ )ar&/n* o A**y. E)on <. "aanan. T/ Co&'(a)n* 7a?(/ 7)* */ Co&&))on on ar $)%)'()n/ KC$L o */ #n*/ra*/ar o */ B)()'')n/ K#BL on January 16, 2001. #* %ar/ A**y."aanan 7)* /%/)* &a('ra%*)%/ or o*/r ro &)%onu%* )no;%/ un/r S/%*)on 2I o "u(/ 13 2 o */ "u(/ o Cour* an+)o(a*)on o Canon 1.01, 1.02 an 1.03 3 , Canon 5 4 , an Canon12.0I 5 an 12.0 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y KCB"L.

#n ) "/'or*, #B #n+/*)a*)n Co&&))on/r /(an ". <)((ao() Jr.u&&ar)M/ */ a((/a*)on o */ %o&'(a)nan* )n *) 7)/

8. . . #n ) /**/r-Co&'(a)n*, Co&'(a)nan* a((//, a&on o*/r,*a* "/'on/n* )n no*ar)M)n /+/ra( o%u&/n* on )G/r/n*a*/ a)(/ an:or r/u/ *o aL &a/ */ 'ro'/r no*a*)onr/ar)n */ %/u(a or %o&&un)*y *aD %/r*)?%a*/ o */ a;an*L /n*/r */ /*a)( o */ no*ar)M/ o%u&/n* )n */ no*ar)a(r/)*/r an %L &a/ an /D/%u*/ */ %/r*)?%a*)on an /n*/r )BT" an #B nu&/r )n */ o%u&/n* / a no*ar)M/, a(( )n+)o(a*)on o */ no*ar)a( 'ro+))on o */ "/+)/ A&)n)*ra*)+/

Co/. #aHSC%

8Co&'(a)nan* ()/7)/ a((// *a* "/'on/n* /D/%u*/ anA;a+)* )n a+or o ) %()/n* an oG/r/ */ a&/ a /+)/n%/ )n*/ %a/ 7/r/)n / 7a a%*)+/(y r/'r//n*)n ) %()/n*. F)na((y,Co&'(a)nan* a((// *a* on a %/r*a)n a*/, "/'on/n*a%%o&'an)/ y /+/ra( '/ron 7a)*/ or Co&'(a)nan* a*/r *//ar)n an a*/r %onron*)n */ (a**/r )ar&/ )& o ))/ar& an */r/a*/r u**/r/ )nu(*)n 7or an +/)(/*r/a*.8 6

!n ar% 23, 2001, 'uruan* *o */ January 1, 2001 !r/r o */C$, I A**y. "aanan ?(/ ) +/r)?/ An7/r. H/ a&)**/a+)n a&)n)*/r/ */ oa* *o */ a;an* 7o/ A;a+)* 7/r/a**a%/ *o */ +/r)?/ Co&'(a)n*. H/ /()/+/, o7/+/r, *a* */non-no*a*)on o */)r "/)/n%/ C/r*)?%a*/ )n */ A;a+)* an*/ Coun*/r-a;a+)* 7a a((o7/.

H/ o')n/ *a* */ no*a*)on o r/)/n%/ %/r*)?%a*/ a''()/ on(y*o o%u&/n* a%no7(// y a no*ary 'u()% an 7a no*&ana*ory or a;a+)* r/(a*/ *o %a/ '/n)n /or/ %our*an o*/r o+/rn&/n* o;%/. H/ 'o)n*/ ou* *a* )n */ (a**/r, */a;a+)*, 7)% 7/r/ 7orn *o /or/ o+/rn&/n* 'ro/%u*or,) no* a+/ *o )n)%a*/ */ r/)/n%/ %/r*)?%a*/ o */ a;an*.N/)*/r ) o*/r no*ar)/ 'u()% )n Nu/+a E%)a = o&/ o 7o&7/r/ o(/r 'ra%*)*)on/r = )n)%a*/ */ a;an*@ r/)/n%/%/r*)?%a*/ on */ o%u&/n* */y no*ar)M/, or a+/ /n*r)/ )n*/)r no*ar)a( r/)*/r or *// o%u&/n*.

A *o ) a((// a)(ur/ *o %o&'(y 7)* */ %/r*)?%a*)on r/u)r/ yS/%*)on 3 o "u(/ 112 o */ "u(/ o Cr)&)na( Bro%/ur/,r/'on/n* /D'(a)n/ *a* a %oun/( o */ a;an*, / a */o'*)on *o %o&'(y or no* 7)* */ %/r*)?%a*)on. To nu(()y */A;a+)*, )* 7a %o&'(a)nan* 7o 7a u*y-oun *o r)n */

a) non%o&'()an%/ *o */ a**/n*)on o */ 'ro/%u*or %onu%*)n*/ 'r/()&)nary )n+/*)a*)on.

A *o ) a((// +)o(a*)on o "u(/ 12.0 o */ CB", r/'on/n*aru/ *a* (a7y/r %ou( */*)y on /a( o */)r %()/n* 8onu*an*)a( &a**/r, )n %a/ 7/r/ [*/)r] */*)&ony ) //n*)a( *o*/ /n o u*)%/.8 Co&'(a)nan* %ar/ r/'on/n*@ %()/n*7)* a**/&'*/ &ur/r. "/'on/n* a+/rr/ *a* )n%/ */y 7/r/)n ) ou/ 7/n */ a((// %r)&/ o%%urr/, 8) */*)&ony )+/ry //n*)a( *o */ /n o u*)%/.8

"/'on/n* a((// *a* )* 7a %o&'(a)nan* 7o a *r/a*/n/an ara/ ) %()/n* a*/r */ /ar)n o */)r %a/ y */'ro+)n%)a( 'ro/%u*or on January 4, 2001. "/'on/n* r/u/*/*/ a)*an%/ o */ Caana*uan C)*y Bo()%/ */ o((o7)n ay,

January 5, 2001, 7)% 7a */ n/D* %/u(/ /ar)n, *o a+o) ar/'/*)*)on o */ )n%)/n* an *o a((ay */ /ar o ) %()/n*. #nu''or* o ) a((/a*)on, / u&)**/ C/r*)?%a*)on 10 ro& */Caana*uan C)*y Bo()%/ an */ Jo)n* A;a+)* 11 o */ *7o 'o()%/o;%/r 7o a a)*/ */&. $aEAT%

a*(y, / %on*/n/ *a* */ %a/ a //n )n)*)a*/ or no o*/r'ur'o/ *an *o ara )&, /%au/ / 7a */ %oun/( o aranay Ca'*a)n Ern/*o "a&o )n */ %a/ ?(/ y */ (a**/r/or/ */ o&u&an an */ JB aa)n* %o&'(a)nan*.

A*/r r/%/)'* o r/'on/n*@ An7/r, */ C$, *rouCo&&))on/r Tyron/ ". C)&aran%a, /* */ %a/ or /ar)n on

Jun/ 5, 2001, a* *7o o@%(o% )n */ a*/rnoon. No*)%/ 12 o *//ar)n 7/r/ /n* *o */ 'ar*)/ y r/)*/r/ &a)(. !n */%/u(/ a*/ an *)&/ o */ /ar)n, on(y %o&'(a)nan*a''/ar/. "/'on/n* 7a una(/ *o o o, a''ar/n*(y /%au/ /a r/%/)+/ */ No*)%/ on(y on Jun/ , 2001. 13 T/ /ar)n 7ar//* *o Ju(y 3, 2001 a* *7o o@% (o% )n */ a*/rnoon.

!n */ a&/ ay, Jun/ 5, 2001, %o&'(a)nan* ?(/ ) "/'(y 14 *o*/ +/r)?/ An7/r o r/'on/n*. T/ (a**/r@ "/o)n/r 7ar/%/)+/ y */ C$ on Ju(y 13, 2001. 15 #* a(o r/%/)+/%o&'(a)nan*@ /**/r-"/u/* 16 *o )'/n/ 7)* */ /ar)n.A%%or)n(y, )* ran*/ *a* r/u/* )n )* !r/r 1I a*/ Ju(y 24,2001, )u/ *rou Co&&))on/r C)&aran%a. #* */r/y)r/%*/ */ 'ar*)/ *o u&)* */)r r/'/%*)+/ &/&orana 7)*)n?*//n ay ro& r/%/)'* o */ !r/r, a*/r 7)% */ %a/ 7a *o

/ //&/ u&)**/ or r/o(u*)on.

T/ C$ r/%/)+/ %o&'(a)nan*@ /&oranu& 1 on S/'*/&/r26, 2001. "/'on/n* ) no* ?(/ any.

T/ #B@ "/%o&&/na*)on

!n S/'*/&/r 2I, 2003, */ #B oar o o+/rnor )u/"/o(u*)on No. P<#-2003-1I2 1 a''ro+)n an ao'*)n */#n+/*)a*)n Co&&))on/r@ "/'or* *a* r/'on/n* a +)o(a*/'/%)?% r/u)r/&/n* o */ No*ar)a( a7 on */ /D/%u*)on o a%/r*)?%a*)on, */ /n*ry o u% %/r*)?%a*)on )n */ no*ar)a( r/)*/r,an */ )n)%a*)on o */ a;an*@ r/)/n%/ %/r*)?%a*/. T/ #Boar o o+/rnor oun ) /D%u/ or */ +)o(a*)onuna%%/'*a(/. #* &o)?/, o7/+/r, */ r/%o&&/na*)on20 o */)n+/*)a*)n %o&&))on/r y )n%r/a)n */ ?n/ *o 8B3,000 7)*






































































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35

a 7arn)n *a* any r/'/*)*)on o */ +)o(a*)on 7)(( / /a(* 7)* a/a+)/r '/na(*y.8

T/ o*/r %ar/ = +)o(a*)on o S/%*)on 2I o "u(/ 13 o */"u(/ o Cour* an Canon 1.01 *o 1.03, 12.0I an 12.0 o */CB" = 7/r/ )&)/ or )nu;%)/n%y o /+)/n%/.

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T/ No*ar)a( a7 ) /D'()%)* on */ o()a*)on an u*)/ o no*ar)/ 'u()%. T/y ar/ r/u)r/ *o %/r*)y *a* */ 'ar*y *o /+/ryo%u&/n* a%no7(// /or/ */& a 'r//n*/ */ 'ro'/rr/)/n%/ %/r*)?%a*/ Kor /D/&'*)on ro& */ r/)/n%/ *aDL an *o/n*/r )* nu&/r, '(a%/ o )u/ an a*/ a 'ar* o u%%/r*)?%a*)on. 21 T/y ar/ a(o r/u)r/ *o &a)n*a)n an //' ano*ar)a( r/)*/r *o /n*/r */r/)n a(( )n*ru&/n* no*ar)M/ y*/& an *o 8)+/ *o /a% )n*ru&/n* /D/%u*/, 7orn *o, ora%no7(// /or/ [*/&] a nu&/r %orr/'on)n *o */ on/ )n[*/)r] r/)*/r [an *o *a*/ */r/)n] */ 'a/ or 'a/ o [*/)r]r/)*/r, on 7)% */ a&/ ) r/%or/.8 22 Fa)(ur/ *o '/ror&

*// u*)/ 7ou( r/u(* )n */ r/+o%a*)on o */)r %o&&))on ano*ar)/ 'u()%. 23

T// or&a()*)/ ar/ &ana*ory an %anno* / )&'(y n/(/%*/,%on)/r)n */ /r// o )&'or*an%/ an /+)/n*)ary 7/)*a**a%/ *o no*ar)M/ o%u&/n*. No*ar)/ 'u()% /n*/r)n )n*o*/)r %o&&))on ar/ 'r/u&/ *o / a7ar/ o *// /(/&/n*aryr/u)r/&/n*. SE#%A$

#n <a. / "oa(/ +. "a&o, 24 */ Cour* /D'(a)n/ */ +a(u/ an&/an)n o no*ar)Ma*)on a o((o7

8T/ )&'or*an%/ a**a%/ *o */ a%* o no*ar)Ma*)on %anno* /o+/r/&'a)M/. No*ar)Ma*)on ) no* an /&'*y, &/an)n(/,rou*)nary a%*. #* ) )n+/*/ 7)* u*an*)+/ 'u()% )n*/r/*, u%*a* on(y *o/ 7o ar/ ua()?/ or au*or)M/ &ay a%* a no*ar)/'u()%. No*ar)Ma*)on %on+/r* a 'r)+a*/ o%u&/n* )n*o a 'u()%

o%u&/n* *u &a)n *a* o%u&/n* a&))(/ )n /+)/n%/7)*ou* ur*/r 'roo o )* au*/n*)%)*y. A no*ar)a( o%u&/n* ) y(a7 /n*)*(/ *o u(( a)* an %r/)* u'on )* a%/. Cour*,a&)n)*ra*)+/ a/n%)/ an */ 'u()% a* (ar/ &u* / a(/ *or/(y u'on */ a%no7(/&/n* /D/%u*/ y a no*ary 'u()% ana''/n/ *o a 'r)+a*/ ) n*ru&/n*.8

For *) r/aon, no*ar)/ 'u()% ou( no* *a/ or ran*/ */o(/&n u*)/ '/r*a)n)n *o */)r o;%/. S()'o &/*o )n */)r'/ror&an%/ o */ no*ar)a( a%* ar/ n/+/r *o / %oun*/nan%/.

T/y ar/ /D'/%*/ *o /D/r* u*&o* %ar/ )n */ '/ror&an%/ o */)ru*)/, 25 7)% ar/ )%*a*/ y 'u()% 'o()%y an ar/ )&'r//7)* 'u()% )n*/r/*.

#* ) %(/ar ro& */ '(/a)n /or/ u = an r/'on/n* ar/a)(y a&)**/ = *a* / +)o(a*/ */ No*ar)a( a7 y a)()n *o

/n*/r )n */ o%u&/n* no*a*)on o */ r/)/n%/ %/r*)?%a*/, a7/(( a */ /n*ry nu&/r an */ 'a/ o */ no*ar)a( r/)*ry.

"/'on/n* /()/+/, o7/+/r, *a* non%o&'()an%/ 7)* *o/r/u)r/&/n* ) no* &ana*ory or a;a+)* r/(a*)+/ *o %a/'/n)n /or/ */ %our* an o+/rn&/n* a/n%)/. H/ 'o)n* *o)&)(ar 'ra%*)%/ o o(/r no*ar)/ )n Nu/+a E%)a.

W/ %anno* )+/ %r//n%/ *o, &u% (/ onor, ) %(a)&. H) /()/ *a* */ r/u)r/&/n* o no* a''(y *o a;a+)* ) 'a*/n*(y)rr/(/+an*. No (a7 )'/n/ 7)* *// or&a()*)/. Au %on*ra)r/,*/ No*ar)a( a7 &a/ no ua()?%a*)on or /D%/'*)on. #* ) a''a(()nan )n/D%ua(/ *a* / ) a7ay 7)* */ a)% o no*ar)a('ro%/ur/ a((//(y /%au/ o*/r 7/r/ o)n o. /)n 7ay/y */ a /Da&'(/ o o*/r ) no* an a%%/'*a(/ u*)?%a*)on orr/a)n */ (a7.

W/ no*/ ur*/r *a* */ o%u&/n* a**a%/ *o */ +/r)?/Co&'(a)n* ar/ */ Jo)n* Coun*/r-A;a+)* o r/'on/n*@ %()/n*Ern/*o "a&o an "/y /ron)&o, a 7/(( a */)r 7)*n//@A;a+)* r/(a*)+/ *o Cr)&)na( Ca/ No. 6-2000 or a**/&'*/&ur/r, ?(/ y %o&'(a)nan*@ ro*/r aa)n* */ aor/&/n*)on/%()/n*. T// o%u&/n* /%a&/ */ a) o */ 'r//n*Co&'(a)n*.

A %orr/%*(y 'o)n*/ ou* y */ )n+/*)a*)n %o&&))on/r,S/%*)on 3 o "u(/ 112 o */ "u(/ o Cr)&)na( Bro%/ur/ /D'r/(yr/u)r/ r/'on/n* a no*ary = )n */ a/n%/ o any ?%a(, *a*/'ro/%u*or or o+/rn&/n* o;%)a( au*or)M/ *o a&)n)*/r */oa* = *o 8%/r*)y *a* / a '/rona((y /Da&)n/ */ a;an* an*a* / ) a*)?/ *a* */y +o(un*ar)(y /D/%u*/ an un/r*oo*/)r a;a+)*.8 "/'on/n* a)(/ *o o o 7)* r/'/%* *o */u/%* A;a+)* an Coun*/r-A;a+)* )n */ /()/ *a* = a%oun/( or */ a;an* = / 7a no* r/u)r/ *o %o&'(y 7)* */%/r*)?%a*)on r/u)r/&/n*. CaA%SE

#* &u* / /&'a)M/ *a* */ 'r)&ary u*y o (a7y/r ) *o o/y*/ (a7 o */ (an an 'ro&o*/ r/'/%* or */ (a7 an (/a('ro%//. 26 T/y ar/ /D'/%*/ *o / )n */ or/ron* )n */o/r+an%/ an &a)n*/nan%/ o */ ru(/ o (a7. T) u*y %arr)/7)* )* */ o()a*)on *o / 7/((-)nor&/ o */ /D)*)n (a7 an

*o //' ar/a* 7)* (/a( /+/(o'&/n*, r/%/n* /na%*&/n* an ur)'ru/n%/. 2I #* ) )&'/ra*)+/ *a* */y / %on+/ran* 7)*a)% (/a( 'r)n%)'(/. Un(/ */y a)*u((y %o&'(y 7)* u% u*y,*/y &ay no* / a(/ *o )%ar/ %o&'/*/n*(y an )()/n*(y */)ro()a*)on a &/&/r o */ ar. Wor/, */y &ay /%o&/u%/'*)(/ *o %o&&)**)n &)*a/.

W/r/ no*ar)/ 'u()% ar/ (a7y/r, a ra+/r r/'on))()*y ) '(a%/u'on */& y r/aon o */)r o(/&n oa* *o o/y */(a7. 2 No %u*o& or a/-o( 'ra%*)%/ 'ro+)/ u;%)/n* /D%u/or u*)?%a*)on or */)r a)(ur/ *o a/r/ *o */ 'ro+))on o */(a7. #n *) %a/, */ /D%u/ )+/n y r/'on/n* /D))*/ )%(/ar )noran%/ o */ No*ar)a( a7, */ "u(/ o Cr)&)na(Bro%/ur/, an */ )&'or*an%/ o ) o;%/ a a no*ary 'u()%.

Non/*/(/, 7/ o no* ar// 7)* %o&'(a)nan*@ '(/a *o )arr/'on/n* ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7. T/ 'o7/r *o )ar &u* /

/D/r%)/ 7)* r/a* %au*)on. 2$)ar&/n* 7)(( / )&'o/ a a'/na(*y on(y )n a %(/ar %a/ o &)%onu%* *a* /r)ou(y aG/%**/ *an)n an */ %ara%*/r o */ (a7y/r a an o;%/r o */%our* an a &/&/r o */ ar. W/r/ any (//r '/na(*y %ana%%o&'() */ /n /)r/, )ar&/n* ou( no* //%r//. 30 Con)/r)n */ na*ur/ o */ )nra%*)on an */a/n%/ o /%/)* on */ 'ar* o r/'on/n*, 7/ /()/+/ *a* */'/na(*y r/%o&&/n/ y */ #B oar o o+/rnor ) a u;%)/n*)%)'()nary &/aur/ )n *) %a/.

a7y/r a W)*n/ or C()/n*

Co&'(a)nan* ur*/r au(* r/'on/n* or /D/%u*)n /or/Bro/%u*or /onaro Bao()na an a;a+)* %orroora*)n *///n/ o a()) 'roG/r/ y r/'on/n*@ %()/n*, a((//(y )n+)o(a*)on o "u(/ 12.0 o */ CB" 8A (a7y/r a(( a+o) */*)y)n)n /a( o ) %()/n*.8

"u(/ 12.0 o Canon 12 o */ CB" *a*/

8"u(/ 12.0 = A (a7y/r a(( a+o) */*)y)n )n /a( o ) %()/n*,/D%/'*

aL on or&a( &a**/r, u% a */ &a)()n, au*/n*)%a*)on or%u*oy o an )n*ru&/n* an */ ()/

L on u*an*)a( &a**/r, )n %a/ 7/r/ ) */*)&ony ) //n*)a(*o */ /n o u*)%/, )n 7)% /+/n* / &u*, ur)n )*/*)&ony, /n*ru* */ *r)a( o */ %a/ *o ano*/r %oun/(.8

Bar/n*/*)%a((y, un/r */ (a7, a (a7y/r ) no* )ua()?/ ro&/)n a 7)*n/, 31 /D%/'* on(y )n %/r*a)n %a/ '/r*a)n)n *o'r)+)(// %o&&un)%a*)on ar))n ro& an a**orn/y-%()/n*r/(a*)on)'. 32

T/ r/aon /)n u% ru(/ ) */ );%u(*y 'o/ u'on (a7y/r y*/ *a o )o%)a*)n */)r r/(a*)on *o */)r %()/n* a 7)*n//ro& *a* a a+o%a*/. W)*n// ar/ /D'/%*/ *o */(( */ a%* a*/y r/%a(( */&. #n %on*ra)*)n%*)on, a+o%a*/ ar/ 'ar*)an =*o/ 7o a%*)+/(y '(/a an //n */ %au/ o o*/r. #* ));%u(* *o )*)nu) */ a)rn/ an )&'ar*)a()*y o a))n*/r/*/ 7)*n/ ro& */ M/a( o an a+o%a*/. T/ u/*)on )on/ o 'ro'r)/*y ra*/r *an o %o&'/*/n%y o */ (a7y/r 7o

*/*)y or */)r %()/n*. T#%AaH

8A%*)n or a''/ar)n *o a%* )n */ ou(/ %a'a%)*y o (a7y/r an7)*n/ or */ %()/n* 7)(( 'ro+o/ un)n %r)*)%)& an (/a+/ &any'/o'(/ *o u'/%* */ *ru*u(n/ o */ (a7y/r /%au/ */y%anno* /()/+/ */ (a7y/r a ))n*/r/*/. T/ '/o'(/ 7)(( a+/ a'(au)(/ r/aon or *)n)n, an ) */)r y&'a*)/ ar/ aa)n**/ (a7y/r@ %()/n*, */y 7)(( a+/ an o''or*un)*y, no* ()/(y *o /n/(/%*/, or %ar)n, *a* a a 7)*n/ / or*)?/ )* 7)* )o7n */*)&ony. T/ */*)&ony o */ (a7y/r /%o&/ ou*/ an) (oo/ u'on a 'ar*)a( an un*ru*u(.8 33

Tu, a(*ou */ (a7 o/ no* or) (a7y/r ro& /)n7)*n// an a* */ a&/ *)&/ %oun/( or a %au/, */'r//r/n%/ ) or */& *o r/ra)n ro& */*)y)n a 7)*n//,un(/ */y ao(u*/(y a+/ *o an ou( */y o o, *o 7)*ra7ro& a%*)+/ &ana/&/n* o */ %a/. 34










































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36

No*7)**an)n *) u)/()n/ an */ /D)*/n%/ o */ A;a+)*/D/%u*/ y A**y. "aanan )n a+or o ) %() /n*, 7/ %anno* a*)(y&a/ )& a&)n)*ra*)+/(y ()a(/ or */ o((o7)n r/aon

F)r*, 7/ %on)/r )* */ u*y o a (a7y/r *o a/r* /+/ry r/&/yan //n/ *a* ) au*or)M/ y (a7 or */ /n/?* o */ %()/n*,/'/%)a((y )n a %r)&)na( a%*)on )n 7)% */ (a**/r@ ()/ an ()/r*yar/ a* *a/. 35 #* ) */ una&/n*a( r)* o */ a%%u/ *o /aGor/ u(( o''or*un)*y *o r/u* */ %ar/ aa)n* */&. T/yar/ /n*)*(/ *o u/* a(( *o/ r/aona(/ ou* *a* &ay ar)/ro& */ /+)/n%/ a *o */)r u)(* an *o /nur/ *a* ) */y ar/%on+)%*/, u% %on+)%*)on ) a%%or)n *o ( a7.

Ha+)n un/r*a/n */ //n/ o */ a%%u/, r/'on/n*, a//n/ %oun/(, 7a *u /D'/%*/ *o 'ar/ no /Gor* *o a+/ )%()/n* ro& a 7ron %on+)%*)on. H/ a */ u*y *o 'r//n* = ya(( a)r an onora(/ &/an = /+/ry //n/ an &)*)a*)n%)r%u&*an%/ *a* */ (a7 '/r&)**/, *o */ /n *a* ) %()/n*7ou( no* / /'r)+/ o ()/, ()/r*y or 'ro'/r*y, /D%/'* y u/'ro%/ o (a7. 36

T/ A;a+)* /D/%u*/ y A**y. "aanan 7a % (/ar(y n/%/ary or*/ //n/ o ) %()/n*, )n%/ )* 'o)n*/ ou* */ a%* *a* on */a((// a*/ an *)&/ o */ )n%)/n*, ) %()/n* 7/r/ a* )r/)/n%/ an %ou( no* a+/ 'o)(y %o&&)**/ */ %r)&/%ar/ aa)n* */&. No*a(y, )n ) A;a+)*, %o&'(a)nan* o/

no* )'u*/ */ *a*/&/n* o r/'on/n* or u/* */ a()*y o )* %on*/n*.

S/%on, 'arara' KL o "u(/ 12.0 %on*/&'(a*/ a )*ua*)on )n7)% (a7y/r )+/ */)r */*)&on)/ ur)n */ *r)a(. #n *))n*an%/, */ A;a+)* 7a u&)**/ ur)n */ 'r/()&)nary)n+/*)a*)on 7)%, a u%, 7a &/r/(y )nu))*or)a(. 3I No* /)na *r)a( o */ %a/ on */ &/r)*, a 'r/()&)nary )n+/*)a*)on a*/ o*-r/'/a*/ 'ur'o/ o /%ur)n )nno%/n* '/ron aa)n*a*y, &a()%)ou an o''r/)+/ 'ro/%u*)on 'ro*/%*)n */&ro& o'/n an 'u()% a%%ua*)on o %r)&/ an ro& */ *rou(/ a7/(( a /D'/n/ an anD)/*y o a 'u()% *r)a( an 'ro*/%*)n */S*a*/ ro& u/(/ an /D'/n)+/ 'ro/%u*)on. 3 T/)n+/*)a*)on ) a+)/(y %a((/ 'r/()&)nary, a )* ) y/* *o /o((o7/ y */ *r)a( 'ro'/r. a$ATHC

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r/'on/n* *o r/ra)n ro& a%%/'*)n /&'(oy&/n* )n any &a**/r )n7)% / no7 or a r/aon *o /()/+/ *a* / &ay / an//n*)a( 7)*n/ or */ 'ro'/%*)+/ %()/n*. Fur*/r&or/, )n u*ur/%a/ )n 7)% ) */*)&ony &ay /%o&/ //n*)a( *o /r+/ */8/n o u*)%/,8 */ %anon o */ 'ro/)on r/u)r/ )& *o7)*ra7 ro& */ a%*)+/ 'ro/%u*)on o *// %a/.

No Broo o Hara&/n*

T/ %ar/ *a* r/'on/n* ara/ %o&'(a)nan* an u**/r/)nu(*)n 7or an +/)(/ *r/a* ) no* u''or*/ y /+)/n%/.A((/a*)on ) n/+/r /u)+a(/n* *o 'roo, an a ar/ %ar/ %anno*/ /ua*/ 7)* ()a)()*y. 3 #* ) no* */ /(-/r+)n %(a)& o %o&'(a)nan* u* */ +/r)on o r/'on/n* *a* ) &or/ %r/)(/,%on)/r)n *a* */ (a**/r@ a((/a*)on ar/ %orroora*/ y */A;a+)* o */ 'o()%/ o;%/r an */ C/r*)?%a*)on o */Caana*uan C)*y Bo()%/.

WHE"EF!"E, A**y. E)on <. "aanan ) oun u)(*y o +)o(a*)n */No*ar)a( a7 an Canon 5 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona("/'on))()*y an ) /r/y F#NE$ B3,000 7)* a 7arn)n *a*)&)(ar )nra%*)on )n */ u*ur/ 7)(( / /a(* 7)* &or/ /+/r/(y.

S! !"$E"E$.

KSan*)ao +. "aanan, A.C. No. 6252, !%*o/r 05, 2004L

SEC!N$ $#<#S#!N

[A.C. No. 1I6. Jun/ , 12.]

CESA" . ANT!"#A, %o&'(a)nan*, +. ATTY. #"#NE! .UNY#, r/'on/n*.

SYAUS

1. EA AN$ JU$#C#A ETH#CS A$#N#ST"AT#<E B"!CEE$#NSAA#NST E""#N AWYE" AY B"!CEE$ N!TW#THSTAN$#NC!BA#NT@S W#TH$"AWA !F C!BA#NT. = T/ /*/r&)na*)ono */ &/r)* o */ )n*an* %a/ ou( 'ro%// no*7)**an)n%o&'(a)nan*@ 7)*ra7a( o ) %o&'(a)n* )n */ %a/, */r/'on/n* )&/( a+)n a&)**/ *a* */ (/**/r )n u/*)on*ru(y /D)*, an *a* / /+/n a/ or an a'o(oy ro& */ Cour*,or 7a*/+/r /G/%* u% (/**/r &ay a+/ a on ) u*y a a

(a7y/r.

2. #$. CAN!NS !F B"!FESS#!NA ETH#CS ATTEBTS T! EPE"TBE"S!NA #NFUENCE !N THE C!U"T WA""ANT SUSBENS#!NF"! THE B"ACT#CE !F AW. = W/ ?n &/r)* )n */r/%o&&/na*)on o */ So()%)*or /n/ra( *a* r/'on/n*, y 7ayo )%)'()nary a%*)on, //r+/ u'/n)on ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7. T/ u/%* (/**/r )n// )n)%a*/ *a* r/'on/n* a'r/+)ou %o&&un)%a*)on 7)* Ju/ a()%)a r/ar)n */'r/'ara*)on o */ ra* /%))on )n C)+)( Ca/ No. 1, 3, an ,an 7)% / )n a%* 'r/'ar/. A(*ou no*)n )n */ r/%or7ou( o7 *a* r/'on/n* o* */ *r)a( %our* u/@ %on/n* *o*/ a) 'r/'ara*)on, or a a+or or %on)/ra*)on, */ a%* o r/'on/n* n/+/r*/(/ a&oun* *o %onu%* un/%o&)n o a(a7y/r an an o;%/r o */ Cour*. "/'on/n* +)o(a*/ Canon No.3 o */ Canon o Bro/)ona( E*)% K7)% 7/r/ /nor%/ a* */*)&/ r/'on/n* %o&&)**/ */ a%* a&)**/ y )&L, 7)%

'ro+)/ a o((o7 83. A**/&'* *o /D/r* '/rona( )n9u/n%/ on */%our*. ar/ a**/n*)on an unuua( o')*a()*y on */ 'ar* o a(a7y/r *o a u/, un%a((/ or y */ '/rona( r/(a*)on o */'ar*)/, u/%* o* */ u/ an */ (a7y/r *o &)%on*ru%*)ono &o*)+/ an ou( / a+o)/. A (a7y/r ou( no*%o&&un)%a*/ or aru/ 'r)+a*/(y 7)* */ u/ a *o */ &/r)* o a '/n)n %au/ an //r+/ r/u/ an /nun%)a*)on or any/+)%/ or a**/&'* *o a)n ro& a u/ '/%)a( '/rona(%on)/ra*)on or a+or. A /(-r/'/%*)n )n/'/n/n%/ )n */)%ar/ o 'ro/)ona( u*y, 7)*ou* /n)a( or )&)nu*)on o */%our*/y an r/'/%* u/ */ u/@ *a*)on, ) */ on(y 'ro'/rouna*)on or %or)a( '/rona( an o;%)a( r/(a*)on /*7//n/n% an ar.8 #n */ n/7 Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y 16 a(a7y/r@ a**/&'* *o )n9u/n%/ */ %our* ) r/u/, a o7n )nCanon No. 13 an "u(/ 13.01, 7)% r/a 8CAN!N 13 = A (a7y/ra(( r/(y u'on */ &/r)* o ) %au/ an r/ra)n ro& any)&'ro'r)/*y 7)% */n *o )n9u/n%/, or )+/ */ a''/aran%/ o

)n9u/n%)n */ %our*. "u(/ 13.01 = A (a7y/r a(( no* /D*/n/D*raor)nary a**/n*)on or o')*a()*y *o, nor // o''or*un)*y or,%u(*)+a*)n a&)()ar)*y 7)* u/.8 T/r/or/, *) Cour* ?nr/'on/n* u)(*y o un/*)%a( 'ra%*)%/ )n a**/&'*)n *o )n9u/n%/*/ %our* 7/r/ / a '/n)n %)+)( %a/.

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a''/ar *a* */ %o&'(a)n* )n C)+)( Ca/ No. 1, 3 an ou**o //%* */ ua**/r ro& */ aor/&/n*)on/ ar&. 3 T//%a/ 7/r/ a)n/ *o */ un)%)'a( Cour* o E'/ranMa, Auan/( Sur, */ a%*)n &un)%)'a( u/ o 7)% 7a */ Honora(/<)%/n*/ a()%)a K7o 7a a* */ a&/ *)&/ */ r/u(ar u/ o */&un)%)'a( %our* o ayuan, Auan /( SurL. 4 T/ //nan* )n*/ &/n*)on/ %)+)( %a/ 7/r/, )n u/ %our/, /%(ar/ )n /au(*.

#n r/(a*)on *o */ a&/ *r// K3L %)+)( %a/, */ r/%or o */'r//n* %a/ o7 *a* %o&'(a)nan* an*or)a 7ro*/ a (/**/r *or/'on/n* uny), a*/ 23 A'r)( 1I4, 7)% r/a a o((o7

8u*uan C)*y23 A'r)( 1I4.

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U'on )nor&)n )& o your 7)(()nn/ *o 'r/'ar/ */%orr/'on)n u/&/n* K)%L on */ 3 /au(*/ %a/ / a)/ a no o/%*)on )n a%* / ) a''y an r/%o&&/n/ *a* you&a)( */ a) /%))on )n u/ *)&/ *ru &/ *o / /()+/r/ *o )&.

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# 7)(( %o&&un)%a*/ 7)* you ro& *)&/ *o *)&/ or any u*ur//+/(o'&/n*.

































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A* (a*, # &ay ay *a* # a+/ *r)/ &y /* *o r/'on *o */ %a(( )nyour /+/ra( (/**/r r/%/)+/, 7)% ) aou* */ 'r/'ara*)on o */*r// K3L $/%))on a7a)*/ y Ju/ a()%)a. T/ /(ay ) *a* #a+/ //n *oo &u% o%%u')/ 7)* &y %a/ an o*/r'ro/)ona( %o&&)*&/n* /r/ )n an)(a an n/ary 'ro+)n%/.No* on(y *o r. a%ar)na # 7ou( ay *a* # a& o orry u* a(o*o you. r. a%ar)na a //n r/&)n)n &/ u* # a(7ay ?n&y/( a* a (o *o 'r/'ar/ *// $/%))on a* an /ar(y a*/ a K)%L'o)(/. So a(o 7)* &y %a(/nar a *o */ a*/ or */ n/D*/ar)n o */ r/&a)n)n %a/ o+/r */r/. ')(

H/r/7)* no7, you 7)(( ?n /n%(o/ */ *r// K3L $/%))onaa)n* */ K3L /au(*/ //nan*. # a& no* ur/ ) */y 7)(( u)**o a*)y Ju/ a()%)a *o )n */& a* on%/. Ho7/+/r, )* ) &yr/u/* *o Ju/ a()%)a, *ru your )n &/)a*)on, *a* ) */'r/'ara*)on o *// $/%))on o no* u)* ) %on)/ra*)on, */n #a& r/ay an 7)(()n *o a%%/'* ) u/*)on or %orr/%*)on *o%an/ or &o)y */& or */ /**/r. An *o *) /G/%*, )n(yr/(ay a* on%/ 7a* / ) o)n *o ay or *)n ) / )n */&r/a)(y an '(/a/ r/u/* or /a% %o'y or our o(.

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B(/a/ /D%u/ *) /(ay, an *an or your )n a)*an%/ )na**/n)n *o our %a/ */r/. "/ar *o you an a&)(y an 'ray/ror your &or/ +)or an u%%/.

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#* a(o a''/ar *a* r/'on/n* uny) 7ro*/ an /ar()/r (/**/r *o%o&'(a)nan* an*or)a, a*/ 04 ar% 1I4, */ %on*/n* o 7)%r/a a o((o7

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$/%))on an !r/r, 7)% / *o( &/ *o 'r/'ar/ an / ) o)n*o )n */&. # you '(/a/, /()+/r */ /n+/(o'/ *o )& a ) youa+/ no no7(// an )nor&a*)on an *a* you a+/ no* o'/n/)*. Un(/, o %our/, ) */ )nor&a*)on %o&/ ro& )&. u*, you%an )nu)r/ ro& )& ) */r/ ) a n// *o 7a)* ro& ) 7or aou**/&, or %o')/ *o / urn)/ &/, a*/r / )n */&, )* %ou(/ &a/ *ru you '/rona((y, *o /D'/)*/ r/%/)+)n *o/ %o')/or our o(. A%%or)n *o )&, *) /n+/(o'/ %ou( / /()+/r/ *o)& a* ) r/)/n%/ a* No. 345 . Ca(o S*., u*uan C)*y, ur)n7// /n. !r, a* ayuan ) you a''/n *o o */r/, ) / ) no* )nu*uan C)*y.

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Tr// y/ar a*/r, *a* ), on 11 A'r)( 1II, %o&'(a)nan* ?(/ 7)**) Cour* */ 'r//n* a&)n)*ra*)+/ %a/ aa)n* r/'on/n*uny), 'r/)%a*/ &a)n(y on */ ao+/-uo*/ *r// K3L (/**/ra*/ 04 ar%, 23 A'r)( an 01 Jun/, 1I4. Co&'(a)nan* %on*/n*a* r/'on/n* 7on */ a) *r// K3L %a/ /%au/ /Kr/'on/n*L 7a */ on/ 7o un/*)%a((y 'r/'ar/ */ /%))onr/n/r/ */r/)n, an *a* */ 'r/'ara*)on y r/'on/n* o a)/%))on 7arran*/ )%)'()nary a%*)on aa)n* )&.

y 7ay o an7/r *o */ %o&'(a)n*, r/'on/n*, )n a &o*)on *o)&) */ a&)n)*ra*)+/ %o&'(a)n*, a&)**/ */ /D)*/n%/ o */ (/**/r o 01 Jun/ 1I4, u* /D'(a)n/ */ %on*/n* */r/o ao((o7

DDD DDD DDD

L #n */ /%on '(a%/, */ a) (/**/r o Jun/ 1, 1I4, ) /(-/D'(ana*ory an '/a or )*/(, *a* ) /+/r */ a&/ 7a 7r)**/ny */ "/'on/n*, )* 7a u/ *o */ )n)*/n%/ o */ Co&'(a)nan**ru ) /+/ra( (/**/r r/%/)+/, *a* */ /%))on )n u/*)on /ra*/ or 'r/'ar/ or Ju/ a()%)a, 7o %on)/r/ u%'r/'ara*)on a a ) /(' *o )&, /%au/ / 7a a* *a* *)&/o()n *7o K2L a(a = on/ a /)n */ r/u(ar un)%)'a( Ju/ o ayuan, an */ o*/r, a */ a%*)n Ju/ o E'/ranMa, o* o Auan /( Sur, 7)* &any '/n)n %a/ an )* 7a *o */ /n/?*

o */ Co&'(a)nan* *a* */ /ar(y )'o)*)on o */ %a/ )n+o(+/7ou( no* uG/r )n%on)/ra(/ /(ay. u*, */ )n*/n*)on *o ra* or'r/'ar/ */ /%))on )n u/*)on 7a n/+/r 'a7n/ y */"/'on/n*. #n*/a, )* %a&/ ro& */ un/r*an)n /*7//n */

Ju/ an */ %o&'(a)nan* 7o, ro& ) /+/ra( (/**/r, a/&on*ra*/ o &u% )n*/r/* *o //%* a* on%/ */ ua**/r ro&*/ ar& / 7a /n*ru*/ *o &ana/. Fur*/r&or/, */Co&'(a)nan*@ %on%(u)on *a* */ a) /%))on 7/r/ (u*on&a%ao ) 'ur/(y non-/n/ a )* ) 7)*ou* any a%*ua( or (/a(a). H/ )&/( n/7 *a* Ju/ a()%)a a/ or /(' )n */ra*)n o a) /%))on a a* any ra*/ */y 7/r/ u&/n* y/au(*, */ //nan* (o* */)r *an)n )n %our* 7/n */y 7/r//%(ar/ )n /au(* or a)(ur/ *o ?(/ */)r an7/r an *o a''/ar a**/ '(a%/ an *)&/ /* or /ar)n */r/o KS// ?r* 'arara',(/**/r o Jun/ 1, 1I4L

%L T)r(y, )n */ a&/ (/**/r, */ /%))on a 'r/'ar/ 7/r/ )n */or& o ra*, a )n a%*, */ (/**/r &/n*)on/ - u/%* *ou/*)on or %orr/%*)on *o %an/ or &o)y or */ /**/r y

Ju/ a()%)a KS/%on 'arara', #)L

L Four*(y, )n */ a&/ (/**/r, "/'on)n K)%L /+/n a'o(o)M/or */ /(ay )n /n)n */ a&/ *o */ Co&'(a)nan* an/D'r// ) ra*)*u/ or ) a)*an%/ )n a**/n)n *o */ %a/)n+o(+/ Ka* 'arara', #).L8

#n )* r/o(u*)on a*/ 2 No+/&/r 1II, *) Cour* r//rr/ */%a/ *o */ So()%)*or /n/ra( or )n+/*)a*)on, r/'or* anr/%o&&/na*)on. !n 21 Ju(y 10, */ So()%)*or /n/ra(u&)**/ ) r/'or* *o */ Cour*, 7)* */ o((o7)n a+/r&/n*, *o7)* 1L *a* */ %a/ 7a /* or /ar)n on A'r)( 12, S/'*/&/r 2,an $/%/&/r 1, 1I, u* )n a(( a) %/u(/ /ar)n on(yr/'on/n* uny) a''/ar/ 2L *a* )n */ /ar)n o 16 January1I, o* r/'on/n* an %o&'(a)nan* a''/ar/ 3L *a* a* */a&/ /ar)n, */ So()%)*or /n/ra( r/'or*/ */ o((o7)n/+/(o'&/n* =

8A**y. /r%ao u&)**/ a (/**/r o %o&'(a)nan* a*/ January 16,1I, 7orn *o /or/ */ )n+/*)a*)n So()%)*or, 'ray)n *a**/ %o&'(a)n* / %on)/r/ 7)*ra7n, ro''/ or )&)/ on*/ roun *a* %o&'(a)nan* @%ou( ar(y u*an*)a*/@ )%ar/ an *a* / ) @no (on/r )n*/r/*/ *o 'ro/%u*/@ */

a&/. For ) 'ar*, r/'on/n* &an)/*/ *a* / a no o/%*)on*o */ 7)*ra7a( o */ %o&'(a)n* aa)n* )&. A* */ a&/ *)&/,/ 'r//n*/ %o&'(a)nan* an*or)a a a 7)*n/ an /()%)*/*/*)&ony *o */ /G/%* *a* %o&'(a)nan* no (on/r a )n )'o/)on */ or))na( o */ (/**/r a**a%/ *o ) a)%%o&'(a)n*, an /n%/, / 7a no* 'r/'ar/ *o 'ro+/ )%ar/.8 10 K/&'a) u''()/L

#n ) aor/a) r/'or*, */ So()%)*or /n/ra( oun a o((o7 aL*a* */ (/**/r o r/'on/n* uny) Ka*/ 4 ar% an 1 Jun/1I4L, ar// *o %o&'(a)nan*, o7/ *a* r/'on/n* a)n// 'r/'ar/ */ ra* o */ /%))on )n C)+)( Ca/ No. 1, 3an o */ un)%)'a( Cour* o E'/ranMa, Auan /( Sur, 7)%/ u&)**/ *o Ju/ <)%/n*/ a()%)a *ru */ %o&'(a)nan* L *a**o/ (/**/r )n)%a*/ *a* r/'on/n* a 'r/+)ou%o&&un)%a*)on 7)* Ju/ a()%)a r/ar)n */ 'r/'ara*)on o */ /%))on %L *a* */ */*)&ony o %o&'(a)nan* *o */ /G/%*

*a* / a (o* */ or))na( o a) (/**/r, an %o&'(a)nan*@7)*ra7a( o */ %o&'(a)n* )n */ %a/ a* ar ar/ o no &o&/n*,a r/'on/n* uny), )n ) &o*)on *o )&) ?(/ 7)* */Su'r/&/ Cour*, a&)**/ *a* / 'r/'ar/ */ ra* o *//%))on )n */ a) %)+)( %a/, an / a;r&/ */ /D)*/n%/ o */ (/**/r.

H/n%/, )n ) r/'or*, */ So()%)*or /n/ra( oun *a* r/'on/n* )u)(*y o )(y un/*)%a( an un'ro/)ona( %onu%* or a)(ur/ *o'/ror& ) u*y, a an o;%/r o */ %our*, *o /(' 'ro&o*/ */)n/'/n/n%/ o */ u)%)ary an *o r/ra)n ro& /na)n )n a%*7)% 7ou( )n9u/n%/ u)%)a( /*/r&)na*)on o a ()*)a*)on )n 7)%/ ) %oun/(. 11 T/ So()%)*or /n/ra( r/%o&&/n/ *a*r/'on/n* / u'/n/ ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7 or a '/r)o o on/ K1L y/ar. H/ ?(/ 7)* */ Cour* */ %orr/'on)n %o&'(a)n*aa)n* r/'on/n*. ((%























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3

#n ) an7/r 12 *o */ %o&'(a)n* ?(/ y */ So()%)*or /n/ra(,r/'on/n* &an)/*/ *a* )n */ u*ur/ / 7ou( / &or/ %ar/u()n o/r+)n ) u*)/ a a (a7y/r, an )n u'o()n */ 'ro+))ono */ %anon o 'ro/)ona( /*)%.

!n 10 $/%/&/r 10, */ a*/ /* y *) Cour* or */ /ar)no *) %a/, */ /ar)n 7a 'o*'on/ un*)( ur*/r no*)%/. !n ar% 11, r/'on/n* ?(/ a &an)/*a*)on 13 a((/)n*a* no /ar)n 7a a y/* /* )n */ %a/ )n%/ */ (a* /**)n on10 $/%/&/r 10, an / r/u/*/ *a* */ n/D* /ar)n / no*/* un*)( a*/r )D K6L &on* 7/n / /D'/%*/ *o r/*urn ro& */Un)*/ S*a*/ o A&/r)%a 7/r/ / 7ou( +))* ) %)(r/n an a**/ a&/ *)&/ a+/ a &/)%a( %/%-u'.

!n 2 !%*o/r 11, */ a*/ /* y *) Cour* or /ar)n )n *)%a/, r/'on/n* uny) an */ So()%)*or /n/ra( a''/ar/, anr/'on/n* 7a )r/%*/ *o u&)* ) &/&oranu&. "/'on/n*uny) ?(/ ) &/&oranu& on 16 No+/&/r 11. #n a)&/&oranu&, 14 r/'on/n* u&)**/ *a* a(*ou /'r/'ar/ */ ra* o */ /%))on )n */ %)+)( %a/, / ) no*oG/r Ju/ a()%)a any )* or %on)/ra*)on *o )n9u/n%/ */ Ju/)n a((o7)n )& *o 'r/'ar/ */ ra* /%))on. 15 H/ a(o oG/r/) a'o(oy *o */ Cour* or a(( */ )&'ro'r)/*)/ 7)% &ay a+/r/u(*/ ro& ) 'r/'ara*)on o */ ra* /%))on.

W/ ar// 7)* */ o/r+a*)on o */ So()%)*or /n/ra( *a* */

/*/r&)na*)on o */ &/r)* o */ )n*an* %a/ ou( 'ro%//no*7)**an)n %o&'(a)nan*@ 7)*ra7a( o ) %o&'(a)n* )n */%a/, */ r/'on/n* )&/( a+)n a&)**/ *a* */ (/**/r )nu/*)on *ru(y /D)*, an *a* / /+/n a/ or an a'o(oy ro&*/ Cour*, or 7a*/+/r /G/%* u% (/**/r &ay a+/ a on )u*y a a (a7y/r.

W)* */ a&))on y r/'on/n* o */ /D)*/n%/ o */ (/**/ru'on 7)% */ 'r//n* a&)n)*ra*)+/ %o&'(a)n* ) a/, */r/&a)n)n )u/ *o / r/o(+/ ) */ /G/%* o */ a%* %o&'(a)n/o on r/'on/n*@ u*y o* a a (a7y/r an an o;%/r o */Cour*.

W/ ?n &/r)* )n */ r/%o&&/na*)on o */ So()%)*or /n/ra( *a*r/'on/n*, y 7ay o )%)'()nary a%*)on, //r+/ u'/n)onro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7.

T/ u/%* (/**/r ) n// )n)%a*/ *a* r/'on/n* a 'r/+)ou%o&&un)%a*)on 7)* Ju/ a()%)a r/ar)n */ 'r/'ara*)on o */ra* /%))on )n C)+)( Ca/ No. 1, 3, an , an 7)% / )na%* 'r/'ar/. A(*ou no*)n )n */ r/%or 7ou( o7 *a*r/'on/n* o* */ *r)a( %our* u/@ %on/n* *o */ a)'r/'ara*)on, or a a+or or %on)/ra*)on, */ a%* o r/'on/n*n/+/r*/(/ a&oun* *o %onu%* un/%o&)n o a (a7y/r an ano;%/r o */ Cour*.

C(/ar(y, r/'on/n* +)o(a*/ Canon No. 3 o */ Canon o Bro/)ona( E*)% K7)% 7/r/ /nor%/ a* */ *)&/ r/'on/n*%o&&)**/ */ a%* a&)**/ y )&L, 7)% 'ro+)/ a o((o7

83. A**/&'* *o /D/r* '/rona( )n9u/n%/ on */ %our*.

ar/ a**/n*)on an unuua( o')*a()*y on */ 'ar* o a (a7y/r *oa u/, un%a((/ or y */ '/rona( r/(a*)on o */ 'ar*)/,

u/%* o* */ u/ an */ (a7y/r *o &)%on*ru%*)on o &o*)+/ an ou( / a+o)/. A (a7y/r ou( no* %o&&un)%a*/or aru/ 'r)+a*/(y 7)* */ u/ a *o */ &/r)* o a '/n)n%au/ an //r+/ r/u/ an /nun%)a*)on or any /+)%/ ora**/&'* *o a)n ro& a u/ '/%)a( '/rona( %on)/ra*)on ora+or. A /(-r/'/%*)n )n/'/n/n%/ )n */ )%ar/ o 'ro/)ona( u*y, 7)*ou* /n)a( or )&)nu*)on o */ %our*/y anr/'/%* u/ */ u/@ *a*)on, ) */ on(y 'ro'/r ouna*)on or%or)a( '/rona( an o;%)a( r/(a*)on /*7//n /n% anar.8 %')(

#n */ n/7 Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y 16 a (a7y/r@a**/&'* *o )n9u/n%/ */ %our* ) r/u/, a o7n )n Canon No.13 an "u(/ 13.01, 7)% r/a

8CAN!N 13 = A (a7y/r a(( r/(y u'on */ &/r)* o ) %au/ anr/ra)n ro& any )&'ro'r)/*y 7)% */n *o )n9u/n%/, or )+/ */a''/aran%/ o )n9u/n%)n */ %our*.

"u(/ 13.01 = A (a7y/r a(( no* /D*/n /D*raor)nary a**/n*)on oro')*a()*y *o, nor // o''or*un)*y or, %u(*)+a*)n a&)()ar)*y 7)*

u/.8

T/r/or/, *) Cour* ?n r/'on/n* u)(*y o un/*)%a( 'ra%*)%/)n a**/&'*)n *o )n9u/n%/ */ %our* 7/r/ / a '/n)n %)+)(%a/. 1I

WHE"EF!"E, r/'on/n* A**y. #r)n/o . uny) ) /r/ySUSBEN$E$ ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7 or a '/r)o o on/ K1L y/arro& */ a*/ o no*)%/ /r/o. /* *) /%))on / /n*/r/ )n */ar r/%or o */ r/'on/n* an */ Cour* A&)n)*ra*or ))r/%*/ *o )nor& */ )G/r/n* %our* o *) u'/n)on.

S! !"$E"E$.

Kan*or)a +. uny), A.C. No. 1I6, Jun/ 0, 12L

[.". No. 1546-. No+/&/r 25, 2003.]

B"ES#$ENT J!SEBH EJE"C#T! EST"A$A, '/*)*)on/r, +. THEH!N!"AE SAN$#ANAYAN [SBEC#A $#<#S#!N], H!N. #N#TACH#C!-NAQA"#!, H!N. E$#E"T! SAN$!<A, H!N. TE"ES#TAE!NA"$!-$E CAST"!, an THE BE!BE !F THE BH##BB#NES !F

THE BH##BB#NES, r/'on/n*.

A((an F. Bau)a or Br/. J.E. E*raa.

T/ So()%)*or /n/ra( or r/'on/n*, /* a(.

SYN!BS#S

#n */ '/*)*)on or %/r*)orar) ?(/ y Jo/' E/r%)*o E*raa,*rou ) %oun/( A**orn/y A((an F. Bau)a, 7)% 7a )&)/y *) Honora(/ Cour*, */ Cour* ru(/ *a* A**y. Bau)a a no*()&)*/ ) )%u)on *o */ &/r)* o ) %()/n*@ %a/ 7)*)n */

u)%)a( oru& )n//, / a r/'/a*/ ) aau(* on */ Cour* )no* roa%a* an 'r)n* &/)a. "u(/ 13.02 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y 'ro))* a &/&/r o */ ar ro&&a)n u% 'u()% *a*/&/n* on any '/n)n %a/ */n)n *oarou/ 'u()% o')n)on or or aa)n* a 'ar*y. y ) a%*, A**y.

Bau)a &ay a+/ *o/ */ ?r/ o 'u()% )/n)on an 'o/ a'o*/n*)a((y an/rou *r/a* *o */ a&)n)*ra*)on o u*)%/. Tu,*/ Cour* or/r/ A**y. Bau)a *o o7 %au/, 7) *)n */n ay ro&no*)%/, 7y / ou( no* / an%*)on/ or %onu%* un/%o&)n a(a7y/r an an o;%/r o */ Cour*. #n ) %o&'()an%/, A**y. Bau)a,)n an o*)na*/ )'(ay o /?an%/, r/'/a*/ ) /ar()/r %(a)& o 'o()*)%a( 'ar*)an)' aa)n* */ &/&/r o */ Cour*.

T/ Cour* ru(/ *a* Canon 11 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona("/'on))()*y &ana*/ *a* */ (a7y/r ou( o/r+/ an&a)n*a)n */ r/'/%* u/ *o */ %our* an u)%)a( o;%/r an,)n//, ou( )n)* on )&)(ar %onu%* y o*/r. #n ()/ra((y)&'u*)n )n)*/r an /+)ou &o*)+/ an u/*)on)n */)&'ar*)a()*y, )n*/r)*y, an au*or)*y o */ &/&/r o */ Cour*,A**y. Bau)a a on(y u%%/// )n //)n *o )&'//, o*ru%* an'/r+/r* */ )'/na*)on o u*)%/. T/ Cour* a a(r/ay 7arn/A**y. Bau)a, on 'a)n o )%)'()nary an%*)on, *o /%o&/ &)nu( o ) ra+/ r/'on))()*)/ a a (a7y/r an a an o;%/r o */ Cour*.A''ar/n*(y, / a %o/n no* *o a* a(( *a/ //. A%%or)n(y, /7a )n/?n)*/(y u'/n/ ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7 or %onu%*un/%o&)n a (a7y/r an an o;%/r o */ Cour*.

SYAUS

(. B!#T#CA AW C!NST#TUT#!NA AW SUB"EE C!U"TBA"T#SAN B!#T#CA ACT#<#T#ES, C!NST"UE$ TA>#N !F AN !ATH

!F !FF#CE Y ANY #NC!#N B"ES#$ENT !F THE "EBU#C #S A T"A$#T#!NA !FF#C#A FUNCT#!N !F THE H#HEST A#ST"ATE.= #* ou( / %(/ar *a* */ 'ra/ 8'ar*)an 'o()*)%a( a%*)+)*)/,8)n )* *a*u*ory %on*/D*, r/(a*/ *o a%* /)n/ *o %au/ */u%%/ or */ //a* o a 'ar*)%u(ar %an)a*/ or %an)a*/ 7oa+/ ?(/ %/r*)?%a*/ o %an)a%y *o a 'u()% o;%/ )n an /(/%*)on.

T/ *a)n o an oa* o o;%/ y any )n%o&)n Br/)/n* o */"/'u()% /or/ */ C)/ Ju*)%/ o */ B)()'')n/ ) a *ra)*)ona(o;%)a( un%*)on o */ H)/* a)*ra*/. T/ aa)(/ 'r//n%/ o o*/r u*)%/ o */ Cour* a* u% an /+/n* %ou( / no )G/r/n*ro& */)r a''/aran%/ )n u% o*/r o;%)a( un%*)on a a**/n)n*/ Annua( S*a*/ o */ Na*)on Ar/ y */ Br/)/n* o */B)()'')n/ /or/ */ /)(a*)+/ $/'ar*&/n*.

2. #$. #$. #$. THE SUB"EE C!U"T W# N!T C!UNTENANCE ANYW"!N$!#N N!" A!W THE E"!S#!N !F !U" BE!BE@S FA#TH#N THE JU$#C#A SYSTE. = T/ Su'r/&/ Cour* o/ no* %(a)&

)na(())()*y )* 7)(( no* /noun%/ %r)*)%)& &a/ y anyon/ aa)n**/ Cour* or, ) 7/((-oun/, %an *ru(y a+/ %on*ru%*)+/ /G/%* )n*/ *a o */ Cour*, u* )* 7)(( no* %oun*/nan%/ any 7rono)nnor a((o7 */ /ro)on o our '/o'(/@ a)* )n */ u)%)a( y*/&, (/*a(on/, y *o/ 7o a+/ //n 'r)+)(// y )* *o 'ra%*)%/ (a7 )n*/ B)()'')n/.

3. EA ETH#CS C!$E !F B"!FESS#!NA "ESB!NS###TY AAWYE" SH!U$ !SE"<E AN$ A#NTA#N THE "ESBECT $UE T!

THE C!U"TS AN$ JU$#C#A !FF#CE"S <#!ATE$ #N CASE AT A"= .Canon 11 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y &ana*/*a* */ (a7y/r ou( o/r+/ an &a)n*a)n */ r/'/%* u/ *o*/ %our* an u)%)a( o;%/r an, )n//, ou( )n)* on )&)(ar%onu%* y o*/r. #n ()/ra((y )&'u*)n )n)*/r an /+)ou&o*)+/ an u/*)on)n */ )&'ar*)a()*y, )n*/r)*y, an au*or)*yo */ &/&/r o */ Cour*, A**y. Bau)a a on(y u%%/// )n























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3

//)n *o )&'//, o*ru%* an '/r+/r* */ )'/na*)on o u*)%/.

4. #$. #$. EE"S !F THE A" A"E B"!H##TE$ F"! A>#NBU#C STATEENTS #N THE E$#A !N A CASE THAT AY TEN$ T!A"!USE BU#C !B#N#!N F!" !" AA#NST A BA"TY. = T/a**/n*)on o A**y. Bau)a a a(o //n %a((/ *o */ &ana*/ o "u(/ 13.02 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y 'ro))*)n a&/&/r o */ ar ro& &a)n u% 'u()% *a*/&/n* on a %a/*a* &ay */n *o arou/ 'u()% o')n)on or or aa)n* a 'ar*y."/r/**a(y, A**y. Bau)a a '/r)*/ )n )nor)n */ Cour*@ 7/((-&/an* a&on)*)on.

5. #$. ATT!"NEYS SUSBENS#!N AWYE" SUSBEN$E$ F!"C!N$UCT UNEC!#N !F A AWYE" = A**orn/y A(an Bau)a )/r/y )n/?n)*/(y u'/n/ ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7, /G/%*)+/u'on ) r/%/)'* /r/o, or %onu%* un/%o&)n a (a7y/r an ano;%/r o */ Cour*.

" E S ! U T # ! N

BE" CU"#A '

!n 23 S/'*/&/r 2003, *) Cour* )u/ )* r/o(u*)on )n */ao+/-nu&/r/ %a/ )* r/a

8T/ %a/ or %on)/ra*)on a //n rou* *o *) Cour* +)a aB/*)*)on or C/r*)orar) un/r "u(/ 65 o */ "u(/ o Cour* ?(/ y

Jo/' E/r%)*o E*raa, a%*)n *rou ) %oun/( A**orn/y A(an F.Bau)a, aa)n* */ San)anayan, /* a*. T/ B/*)*)on 'ray =

81. Ta* C)/ Ju*)%/ $a+)/ an */ r/* o */ &/&/r o */Honora(/ Cour* )ua()y */&/(+/ ro& /ar)n an /%))n*) '/*)*)on

82. Ta* */ aa)(/ r/o(u*)on o */ San)anayan / +a%a*/an /* a)/ an

83. Ta* Cr)&)na( Ca/ No. 2655, No. 26565 an No. 2605'/n)n /or/ */ San)anayan / )&)/ or (a% o

ur))%*)on.

8A**orn/y A(an F. Bau)a, '/a)n or '/*)*)on/r, a/r* *a* */

)n))*)on o */ &/&/r o */ Su'r/&/ Cour* ro& /ar)n */'/*)*)on ) %a((/ or un/r "u(/ 5.10 o */ Co/ o Ju)%)a(Conu%* 'ro))*)n u*)%/ or u/ ro& 'ar*)%)'a*)n )n any'ar*)an 'o()*)%a( a%*)+)*y 7)% 'ro%r)'*)on, a%%or)n *o )&, */

u*)%/ a+/ +)o(a*/ y a**/n)n */ @E$SA 2 "a((y@ an yau*or)M)n */ au&'*)on o <)%/-Br/)/n* (or)a a%a'aa(Arroyo *o */ Br/)/n%y )n +)o(a*)on o */ 1I Con*)*u*)on.B/*)*)on/r %on*/n *a* */ u*)%/ a+/ */r/y 'r/u/ a%a/ *a* 7ou( aa)( */ (/a()*y o */ a%* *a/n y Br/)/n*Arroyo. T/ u/u/n* /%))on o */ Cour* )n E*raa+. Arroyo K353 SC"A 452 an 356 SC"A 10L ), '/*)*)on/r *a*/, a'a*/n* &o%/ry o u*)%/ an u/ 'ro%/.

8A**orn/y Bau)a ?r* &a/ ) a''/aran%/ or '/*)*)on/r 7/n /?(/ an !&n)u o*)on on 1 ay 2003, /or/ */San)anayan, a)n *a* @*/ a''o)n*&/n* o %oun/( /o;%)o K)%L / /%(ar/ un%*u o;%)o@ an *a*, /)n */ no7

%oun/( / 'ar*/, / / no*)?/ o a(( u/u/n* 'ro%//)n )nCr)&)na( Ca/ No. 2655, No. 26565 an No. 2605 '/n)n*/r/)n. F)na((y, A**orn/y Bau)a a/ *a* a(( */ or/o)n%r)&)na( %a/ aa)n* ) %()/n* / )&)/.

8$ur)n */ /ar)n o */ !&n)u o*)on on 30 ay 2003,'/*)*)on/r 'r//n*/ *o */ %our* /+/ra( 'or*)on o */ oo,/n*)*(/ @"/or&)n */ Ju)%)ary,@ 7r)**/n y Ju*)%/ Ar*/&)oBanan)an, *o / 'ar* o */ /+)/n%/ or */ //n/. !n Jun/2003, '/*)*)on/r ?(/ a &o*)on '(/a)n, a&on o*/r *)n, *a*=

8aL . . . Br/)/n* E*raa / ran*/ */ o''or*un)*y *o 'ro+/ */@*ru*@ o */ *a*/&/n* %on*a)n/ )n Ju*)%/ Ar*/&)o Banan)an@oo, @"EF!"#N THE JU$#C#A"Y,@ )n r/(a*)on *o */ 'r/u&/n*%o&&)**/ y */ Su'r/&/ Cour* u*)%/ aa)n* Br/)/n*E*raa )n */ u/%* %a/: o E*raa +. Arroyo, 353 SC"A 452an 356 SC"A 10 an,

8L A u'o/na a */*)?%anu& an u%/ */%u& / )u/ *o Ju*)%/ Ar*/&)o Banan)an, Ju*)%/ An*on)o Car')o, Ju*)%/ "/na*oCorona, S/%r/*ary An/(o "/y/ o */ $/'ar*&/n* o Na*)ona($//n/, <)%/ Br/)/n* (or)a a%a'aa(-Arroyo, S/na*or Au)()noB)&/n*/(, Jr., an C)/ Ju*)%/ H)(ar)o $a+)/, Jr. or */& *o */*)yan r)n 7a*/+/r u''or*)n o%u&/n* */y &ay a+/ )nr/(a*)on *o */)r )r/%* an )n)r/%* 'ar*)%)'a*)on )n */

'ro%(a&a*)on o <)%/ Br/)/n* (or)a a%a'aa(-Arroyo on January20, 2001, a %)*/ )n */ oo o Ju*)%/ Banan)an, )n%(u)n */&a*/r)a( /+/n* *a* (/ *o *a* 'ro%(a&a*)on an */ ru()n: )n*/ E*raa +. Arroyo, u'ra.@ K"o((o, ''. 6I.L

8T/ @*ru*@ r//rr/ *o )n 'arara' aL o */ r/()/ ou* )n */&o*)on o '/*)*)on/r '/r*a)n *o 7a* / %(a)& ou( a+/ //n)n%(u/ )n */ r/o(u*)on o */ San)anayan +)M

@T/ r/u/* o */ &o+an* ) )&'(y or */ Cour* *o )n%(u/ )n )* Jo)n* "/o(u*)on */ T"UTH o */ a%* o C)/ Ju*)%/ $a+)/, /*a(., (a* January 20, 2001 )n

@aL o)n *o E$SA 2

@L au*or)M)n */ 'ro%(a&a*)on o <)%/-Br/)/n* Arroyo aBr/)/n* on */ roun o @'/r&an/n* )a)()*y@ /+/n 7)*ou*

'roo o %o&'()an%/ 7)* */ %orr/'on)n %on*)*u*)ona(%on)*)on, /.., 7r)**/n /%(ara*)on y /)*/r */ Br/)/n* or&aor)*y o ) %a)n/* an

@%L a%*ua((y 'ro%(a)&)n <)%/-Br/)/n* Arroyo on *a* a&/ rouno '/r&an/n* )a)()*y.

@#* ) 'a*/n*(y unr/aona(/ or */ Cour* *o r/u/ *o )n%(u/ *//&a*/r)a( a%* 7)% ar/ o+)ou(y un/n)a(/. /)/, )* ) */on(y //n/ o Br/)/n* E*raa.@ KB/*)*)on, "o((o, ''. 1314.L

8!n 2 Ju(y 2003, */ San)anayan )u/ an or/r /ny)n */or/o)n &o*)on, a 7/(( a */ &o*)on *o )&), ?(/ y'/* )* )on/r. For*7)*, '/* )* )on/r ?(/ a @oyonBanr/on)/rayon@ o */ or/o)n or/r. A%%or)n *o A**orn/yBau)a, ur)n */ /ar)n o ) @oyonBanr/on)/rayon@ on 11 Jun/ 2003, */ *r// u*)%/ o */

S'/%)a( $)+))on o */ San)anayan &a/ &an)/* */)r )aan 'ar*)a()*y aa)n* ) %()/n*. Tu, / a+/rr/, Br/))n Ju*)%/)n)*a <. C)%o-NaMar)o u''o/(y /&'(oy/ ou( an)r/'/%*u( (anua/ 7/n / (ur*/ ou*, @a&u&uana&an a&)n ao,@ K"o((o, '. 13.L an Ju*)%/ T/r/)*a /onaro-$/ Ca*ro %ara%*/r)M/ */ &o*)on a )n)n)?%an* /+/n /or/*/ 'ro/%u*)on %ou( ?(/ )* %o&&/n* or o''o)*)on */r/*o,K"o((o, '. 12.L r/&ar)n )n o'/n %our* *a* *o ran* E*raa@&o*)on 7ou( r/u(* )n %ao an )or/r. K#).L Bro&'*/ y */a((// @)a an 'ar*)a( a**)*u/@ o */ San)anayan u*)%/,A**orn/y Bau)a ?(/, on 14 Ju(y 2003, a &o*)on or */)r)ua()?%a*)on. !n 31 Ju(y 2003, '/*)*)on/r r/%/)+/ */ *7oaa)(/ r/o(u*)on, )./., */ r/o(u*)on KBro&u(a*/ on 30 Ju(y2003.L o 2 Ju(y 2003, /ny)n '/*)*)on/r@ &o*)on orr/%on)/ra*)on o 6 Ju(y 2003 +)M $%TaEH

@WHE"EF!"E, 'r/&)/ %on)/r/, a%%u/-&o+an* Jo/'E/r%)*o E*raa@ @oyon Banr/on)/rayon@ KNa *u&u*uoya Jo)n* "/o(u*)on n Hu(yo 2, 2003L a*/ Ju(y 6, 2003 ) $EN#E$or (a% o &/r)*.@ K"o((o, '. 3I.L

8an */ r/o(u*)on KBro&u(a*/ on 30 Ju(y 2003.L o 25 Ju(y 2003,/ny)n '/*)*)on/r@ &o*)on or )ua()?%a*)on o 14 Ju(y 2003 +)M

@WHE"EF!"E, 'r/%)n)n ro& a(( */ or/o)n, */ Cour*, or7an* o &/r)*, /r/y $EN#ES */ o*)on or $)ua()?%a*)on.@K"o((o, '. 4.L

8T/ )n*an* '/*)*)on aa)()n */ or/o)n or/r &u* /$#S#SSE$ or ro )nu;%)/n%y )n u*an%/ an or u**/r (a% o &/r)*. T/ San)anayan %o&&)**/ no ra+/ au/ o )%r/*)on, an )n)'/na(/ r/u)r/&/n* *o 7arran* a r/%our/ *o*/ /D*raor)nary r/()/ o '/*)*)on or %/r*)orar) un/r "u(/ 65 o */ "/+)/ "u(/ o C)+)( Bro%/ur/. !n */ on/ an, '/*)*)on/r7ou( )%(a)& */ au*or)*y an ur))%*)on o */ &/&/r o *) *r)una( an, on */ o*/r an, / 7ou( /(/+a*/ */ '/*)*)onno7 /or/ )* *o %a((/n/ */ *7o r/o(u*)on o */San)anayan. H/ /noun%/ */ /%))on a /)n a 'a*/n*&o%/ry o u*)%/ an u/ 'ro%/. A**orn/y Bau)a 7/n* on *o*a*/ *a* =

@T/ a%* o */ 'u()% o;%/r, ) AWFU, ) */ a%* o */ 'u()%o;%/. u* */ a%* o */ 'u()% o;%/r, ) UNAWFU, ) no* */ a%*o */ 'u()% o;%/. Con/u/n*(y, */ a%* o */ u*)%/, ) AWFU, ) */ a%* o */ Su'r/&/ Cour*. u* */ a%* o */

u*)%/, ) UNAWFU, ) no* */ a%* o */ Su'r/&/ Cour*. #* )u&)**/ *a* */ $/%))on )n EST"A$A +. A""!Y! /)n'a*/n*(y un(a7u( )n +)/7 o "u(/ 5.10 o */ C!$E !F JU$#C#AC!N$UCT, ) no* */ a%* o */ Su'r/&/ Cour* u* ) &/r/(y */7ron or *r/'a o *o/ )n)+)ua( Ju*)%/ 7o a(/(y 'o/an a%*/ )n */ na&/ o */ Su'r/&/ Cour*. KUrano +.Ca+/M,13 SC"A [34I]L. Fur*/r&or/, )* 7ou( //& aur *o a((o7 */

Ju*)%/ *o u/ */ na&/ o */ Su'r/&/ Cour* a a )/( or */)rUNAWFU a%*.@ KB/*)*)on, "o((o, '. 11.L

8Cr)*)%)& or %o&&/n* &a/ )n oo a)* on */ %orr/%*n/ or7ronn/, ounn/ or unounn/, o a /%))on o */ Cour*7ou( / 7/(%o&/ or, ) 7/((-oun/, u% r/a%*)on %an /n()*/n

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40

*/ %our* an %on*r)u*/ *o */ %orr/%*)on o an /rror ) %o&&)**/.K#n "/ So**o, 2 B)(. 55.L

8T/ ru()n )n E*raa +. Arroyo, /)n a ?na( u&/n*, a (on'u* *o /n any u/*)on '/r*a)n)n *o */ (/a()*y o */ a%/n)ono Arroyo )n*o */ 'r/)/n%y. y r/+)+)n */ )u/ on */ +a())*yo */ au&'*)on o &/. (or)a a%a'aa(-Arroyo *o */'r/)/n%y, A**orn/y Bau)a ) +a)n(y //)n *o r/a*/ ()/ )n*o*/ %ar%a o a (on /a )u/.

8A**orn/y Bau)a a no* ()&)*/ ) )%u)on *o */ &/r)* o )%()/n*@ %a/ 7)*)n */ u)%)a( oru& )n//, / a r/'/a*/ )aau(* on */ Cour* )n o* roa%a* an 'r)n* &/)a. "u(/ 13.02o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y 'ro))* a &/&/r o */ ar ro& &a)n u% 'u()% *a*/&/n* on any '/n)n %a/*/n)n *o arou/ 'u()% o')n)on or or aa)n* a 'ar*y. y ) a%*,A**orn/y Bau)a &ay a+/ *o/ */ ?r/ o 'u()% )/n)on an'o/ a 'o*/n*)a((y an/rou *r/a* *o */ a&)n)*ra*)on o

u*)%/.

8#* ) no* */ ?r* *)&/ *a* A**orn/y Bau)a a /D))*/ )&)(ar%onu%* *o7ar */ Su'r/&/ Cour*. #n a (/**/r, a*/ 30 Jun/2003, ar// *o C)/ Ju*)%/ H)(ar)o . $a+)/, Jr., anAo%)a*/ Ju*)%/ Ar*/&)o <. Banan)an, / a /&an/, )n a%(/ar(y )u)/ or& o oru& o'')n, or /+/ra( a+)oryo')n)on on &a**/r '/n)n /or/ */ San)anayan. #n a

r/o(u*)on, a*/ 0 Ju(y 2003, *) Cour* a *ron(y 7arn/A**orn/y A(an Bau)a, on 'a)n o )%)'()nary an%*)on, *o /)*ro& ur*/r &a)n, )r/%*(y or )n)r/%*(y, )&)(ar u&))on *o*) Cour* or *o )* /&/r. u*, un&)nu( o */ 7/((-&/an*a&on)*)on *o )& y */ Cour*, A**orn/y Bau)a a''/ar *o '/r)*on /n.

8WHE"EF!"E, */ )n*an* '/*)*)on or %/r*)orar) ) $#S#SSE$, an*/ Cour* /r/y or/r A**orn/y A(an Bau)a, %oun/( or'/*)*)on/r Jo/' E/r%)*o E*raa, *o SH!W CAUSE, 7 )*)n */n ayro& no*)%/ /r/o, 7y / ou( no* / an%*)on/ or %onu%*un/%o&)n a (a7y/r an an o;%/r o */ Cour*.8

!n 10 !%*o/r 2003, A**y. Bau)a u&)**/ ) %o&'()an%/ 7)**/ o7-%au/ or/r. #n a *r//-'a/ '(/a)n, A**y. Bau)a, )n ano*)na*/ )'(ay o /?an%/, r/'/a*/ ) /ar()/r %(a)& o 'o()*)%a('ar*)an)' aa)n* */ &/&/r o */ Cour*.

Canon 5.10 o */ Co/ o Ju)%)a( Conu%*, 7)% A**y. Bau)a a*)r/(/(y uo*/ *o )+/ o&/ /&(an%/ o +a())*y or )roun(/ a**a% on */ Cour* an )* &/&/r, 'ro+)/ =

8"u(/ 5.10. A u/ ) /n*)*(/ *o /n*/r*a)n '/rona( +)/7 on'o()*)%a( u/*)on. u* *o a+o) u')%)on o 'o()*)%a( 'ar*)an)',

a u/ a(( no* &a/ 'o()*)%a( '//%/, %on*r)u*/ *o 'ar*yun, 'u()%(y /nor/ %an)a*/ or 'o()*)%a( o;%/ or 'ar*)%)'a*/)n o*/r 'ar*)an 'o()*)%a( a%*)+)*)/.8

S/%*)on IKL o */ !&n)u E(/%*)on Co/ /?n/ */ */r&8'ar*)an 'o()*)%a( a%*)+)*)/8 */ (a7 *a*/

8T/ */r& @/(/%*)on %a&'a)n@ or @'ar*)an 'o()*)%a( a%*)+)*y@ r//r*o an a%* /)n/ *o 'ro&o*/ */ /(/%*)on or //a* o a 'ar*)%u(ar%an)a*/ or %an)a*/ *o a 'u()% o;%/ 7)% a(( )n%(u/

8K1L For&)n oran)Ma*)on, ao%)a*)on, %(u, %o&&)**// oro*/r rou' o '/ron or */ 'ur'o/ o o()%)*)n +o*/ an:orun/r*a)n any %a&'a)n or or aa)n* a %an)a*/

8K2L Ho()n 'o()*)%a( %au%u/, %on/r/n%/, &//*)n, ra(()/,'ara/, or o*/r )&)(ar a/&()/, or */ 'ur'o/ o o()%)*)n+o*/ an:or un/r*a)n any %a&'a)n or 'ro'aana or oraa)n* a %an)a*/.

8K3L a)n '//%/, announ%/&/n* or %o&&/n*ar)/, oro()n )n*/r+)/7 or or aa)n* */ /(/%*)on o any %an)a*/ or'u()% o;%/

8K4L Bu())n or )*r)u*)n %a&'a)n ()*/ra*ur/ or &a*/r)a(/)n/ *o u''or* or o''o/ */ /(/%*)on o any %an)a*/ or

8K5L $)r/%*(y or )n)r/%*(y o()%)*)n +o*/, '(// or u''or* or oraa)n* a %an)a*/.8

#* ou( / %(/ar *a* */ 'ra/ 8'ar*)an 'o()*)%a( a%*)+)*)/,8 )n)* *a*u*ory %on*/D*, r/(a*/ *o a%* /)n/ *o %au/ */ u%%/or */ //a* o a 'ar*)%u(ar %an)a*/ or %an)a*/ 7o a+/?(/ %/r*)?%a*/ o %an)a%y *o a 'u()% o;%/ )n an /(/%*)on. T/*a)n o an oa* o o;%/ y any )n%o&)n Br/)/n* o */"/'u()% /or/ */ C)/ Ju*)%/ o */ B)()'')n/ ) a *ra)*)ona(o;%)a( un%*)on o */ H)/* a)*ra*/. T/ aa)(/ 'r//n%/ o o*/r u*)%/ o */ Cour* a* u% an /+/n* %ou( / no )G/r/n*ro& */)r a''/aran%/ )n u% o*/r o;%)a( un%*)on a a**/n)n*/ Annua( S*a*/ o */ Na*)on Ar/ y */ Br/)/n* o */B)()'')n/ /or/ */ /)(a*)+/ $/'ar*&/n*.

T/ Su'r/&/ Cour* o/ no* %(a)& )na(())()*y )* 7)(( no* /noun%/

%r)*)%)& &a/ y anyon/ aa)n* */ Cour* or, ) 7/((-oun/,%an *ru(y a+/ %on*ru%*)+/ /G/%* )n */ *a o */ Cour*, u* )*7)(( no* %oun*/nan%/ any 7rono)n nor a((o7 */ /ro)on o our'/o'(/\ a)* )n */ u)%)a( y*/&, (/* a(on/, y *o/ 7o a+///n 'r)+)(// y )* *o 'ra%*)%/ (a7 )n */ B)()'')n/.

Canon 11 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y &ana*/ *a**/ (a7y/r ou( o/r+/ an &a)n*a)n */ r/'/%* u/ *o */

%our* an u)%)a( o;%/r an, )n//, ou( )n)* on )&)(ar%onu%* y o*/r. #n ()/ra((y )&'u*)n )n)*/r an /+)ou&o*)+/ an u/*)on)n */ )&'ar*)a()*y, )n*/r)*y, an au*or)*yo */ &/&/r o */ Cour*, A**y. Bau)a a on(y u%%/// )n//)n *o )&'//, o*ru%* an '/r+/r* */ )'/na*)on o

u*)%/.

T/ a**/n*)on o A**y. Bau)a a a(o //n %a((/ *o */ &ana*/o "u(/ 13.02 o */ Co/ o Bro/)ona( "/'on))()*y 'ro))*)na &/&/r o */ ar ro& &a)n u% 'u()% *a*/&/n* on a%a/ *a* &ay */n *o arou/ 'u()% o')n)on or or aa)n* a 'ar*y."/r/**a(y, A**y. Bau)a a '/r)*/ )n )nor)n */ Cour*\ 7/((-&/an* a&on)*)on.

!n */ I* S/'*/&/r 2003 )u/ o */ $a)(y Tr)un/, A**y. Bau)a7ro*/ *o ay =

8Wa* ) */ (/a( /G/%* o *a* +)o(a*)on o Br/)/n* E*raa@r)* *o u/ 'ro%/ o (a7 #* r/n/r */ /%))on )n E*raa +.Arroyo un%on*)*u*)ona( an +o). T/ ru)&/n* o a)r '(ay 7/r/no* o/r+/. T/r/ 7a no a)r '(ay )n%/ )* a''/ar *a* 7/nBr/)/n* E*raa ?(/ ) '/*)*)on, C)/ Ju*)%/ $a+)/ an )/((o7 u*)%/ a a(r/ay %o&&)**/ *o */ o*/r 'ar*y = A =7)* a u&/n* a(r/ay &a/ an 7a)*)n *o / or&a()M/ a*/r*/ ()*)an* a(( a+/ un/ron/ */ %ara/ o a or&a( /ar)n.A*/r */ u*)%/ a au*or)M/ */ 'ro%(a&a*)on o A a

'r/)/n*, %an */y / /D'/%*/ *o +o(un*ar)(y a&)* */un%on*)*u*)ona()*y o */)r o7n a%*8

Unr/(/n*)n(y, A**y. Bau)a a %on*)nu/ *o &a/ 'u()%*a*/&/n* o ()/ na*ur/.

T/ Cour* a a(r/ay 7arn/ A**y. Bau)a, on 'a)n o )%)'()naryan%*)on, *o /%o&/ &)nu( o ) ra+/ r/'on))()*)/ a a(a7y/r an a an o;%/r o */ Cour*. A''ar/n*(y, / a %o/nno* *o a* a(( *a/ //.

WHE"EF!"E, A**orn/y A(an Bau)a ) /r/y )n/?n)*/(yu'/n/ ro& */ 'ra%*)%/ o (a7, /G/%*)+/ u'on ) r/%/)'*/r/o, or %onu%* un/%o&)n a (a7y/r an an o;%/r o */Cour*.

/* %o')/ o *) r/o(u*)on / urn)/ */ !;%/ o */ ar

Con?an*, */ #n*/ra*/ ar o */ B)()'')n/ an a(( %our* o */ (an *rou */ !;%/ o */ Cour* A&)n)*ra*or.

S! !"$E"E$

KE*raa +. San)anayan, .". No. 1546-, No+/&/r 25,2003L

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