This Capital Improvement Report is a living

document that envisions Miami University’s physical future through 2040 and beyond. Five years ago, with input from the entire university community, Miami undertook a participatory campus planning process that would ultimately yield the short- and long-term recommendations presented here. This report documents activity above and beyond the normal, ongoing work such as small projects and operations and maintenance (O&M).

These are exciting times at Miami. Midway through 2007, many of the capital projects we imagined are complete; others are under construction; still others are being designed or planned. To read about what we’ve accomplished so far, turn to Progress: 2002 to 2006. To see what's on the drawing board for the years ahead, turn to Planning Proposals. The section titled Funding Plan discusses our capital finance outlook. And, to read about how we developed this long-range capital plan from start to finish, see Our Planning Process.

November 2007

Published by the Physical Facilities Department

Capital Improvement Report 2007Long-Range Planning for the 21st Century

CONTENTSWhy a Master Plan Now? ........................ 2 Physical Profile and History .................... 4 Planning Principles .................................. 6Progress: 2002 to 2006 ........................... 8 Planning Proposals: 2006 to 2009 ......................................... 13 2009 and Beyond .................................. 14Utilities Infrastructure Plan ................... 19 Funding Plan ............................................... 22Our Planning Process .............................. 24

2 Miami University

To Prepare for the Known... and the Unknown.Early in the 20th century, Miami's enrollment hovered around 1,000 students, and the physical campus had grown modestly to accommodate them. In 1923, President Raymond Hughes proposed a campus master plan that took this growth into account. The plan predicted that enrollment would double within a decade, and double again over the next century — to 3,500 students by the year 2023.

President Hughes, who departed in 1927, might have been surprised to see Miami's enrollment grow to 5,000 students a mere 25 years later. And he could never have imagined that by 1972, the campus would nearly triple in size — with 14,000 students, more than 100 buildings, and roughly 5,000,000 gross square feet of space. Yet had there been no master plan in place in the years before, Miami might have been very poorly prepared to accommodate this growth.

A university campus is very much like a living organism in that it is continually changing. And like a living thing, a campus cannot remain the same no matter how much we value it at a particular moment in time. All of history tells us that change will come whether we plan for it or not. We believe having a plan for change is the better choice.

To Keep Miami, Miami.While recognizing that some physical change is both desirable and inevitable, we also acknowledge all that has been done well for nearly 200 years. We have inherited a magnificent institution and campus from those who lived and worked here before us. Writers regularly employ such adjectives as “stunning” and “serene” to describe the university setting; in an oft-cited quote, the poet Robert Frost called Miami “the prettiest campus ever there was.” Preserving this treasure is a key priority for the Board of Trustees and senior administration, who recognize the relationship between the qualities of the physical campus and the institution’s mission. The appearance of the campus is consistently listed as one of the top three reasons incoming students chose to attend Miami.

Because the Best Growth Can’t Be Measured in Numbers. In the modern era, Miami has consciously limited physical and enrollment growth while significantly raising its academic stature. Miami was one of the eight original “public ivies,” a designation conceived to describe schools similar to the Ivy League in academic quality and collegiate atmosphere. Miami also is consistently named a “best buy” in national rankings.

Our graduation and retention rates are some of the highest among NCAA Division I schools. As of Fall 2006, enrollment on the main campus in Oxford is 15,200 undergraduate and 1,700 graduate students. The Hamilton and Middletown regional campuses each enroll approximately 2,500 students.

Why a Master Plan Now?

To prepare for the known and the unknown.... to keep Miami, Miami... because the best growth can’t be measured in numbers... and to meet the challenges of the future

Capital Improvement Report 2007: Long-Range Planning for the 21st Century 3

How This Plan Got Started.Although our master planning meetings began in April 2001, the precursors to them began about three years earlier, when we developed a total landscape master plan for the campus’ outdoor spaces, pedestrian/vehicular circulation, site furnishings, and vegetation. When completed in 2000, this landscape master plan effectively analyzed the existing exterior spaces and proposed ways to enhance them, but the process brought to light another need — for a more comprehensive plan that would address anticipated new construction and the creation of new exterior spaces.

See Our Planning Process, p 24, for more.

And the university's European Center in Luxembourg provides a base for study abroad, which has helped Miami become a leader in international study opportunities. The undergraduate student-to-faculty ratio is 16:1, and the average class size is 22 (2005 enrollment figures).

Miami's residential programs involve students in life-enhancing activities that build leadership, character, and lifelong friendships. The university’s 135,000 alumni are located around the globe, serving as professional and community leaders. To an extent envied by most other universities, our alumni maintain ties with their alma mater and stand ready to assist students and young graduates as they join the “Miami Family.”

Long-range planning helps us keep our physical environment an ideal home for the high quality of scholarship, teaching, research, and other collegiate activity that surrounds us.

To Meet the Challenge of the Future. In February 2000, then-President James Garland presented his “First in 2009” strategic vision for Miami University. This initiative pledged that by the 200th anniversary of its 1809 founding, Miami would “be the leader in the nation among public universities having a primary emphasis on undergraduate education and also having significant graduate and research programs.” Eight goals were identified to support this vision; goal six was to “enhance campus facilities, buildings, systems, and technology.” A comprehensive plan is the right mechanism for continuously enhancing our campus in the years ahead.

4 Miami University

Physical Profile and History

Architecture and SurroundingsMiami University’s outstanding collection of predominantly Georgian architecture, coupled with the natural beauty of the Miami Valley region, makes for the outstanding campus image we value and seek to enhance. A number of landmark buildings are distinguished by their individual design qualities and placement within the overall campus organization. The diverse spaces on campus range from city streets and intimate quadrangles to the rolling topography and openness of Western Campus.

CirculationOur existing grid of campus streets provides an efficient and understandable circulation system for pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorists. The generally organized pattern of north–south and east–west circulation not only assists in wayfinding, but also strengthens the connection to the adjacent city neighborhoods. Future improvements to the street network should reinforce the character and functionality of these important circulation corridors.

The need for fully accessible facilities will continue to be a strong influence in campus planning and development. Many areas of conflict currently exist on campus, with pedestrians, bicycles, and motor vehicles traversing common routes. While priority should be given to the pedestrians, all vehicles must be safely and efficiently accommodated.

WayfindingOur cohesive architecture and commonality of building materials present a highly unified look throughout the campus. As a result, new students or first-time visitors are often disoriented

when searching for specific destinations. Our signage and support graphics are designed to communicate information in a concise manner, to minimize confusion. We anticipate completing an exterior graphic design master plan as a specialized part of our long-range planning process.

Planning AnalysisTo arrive at specific recommendations for new building sites and for relocation of functions into existing buildings, we undertook a comprehensive analysis of the existing campus organization that included:

Clarifying how and where the campus accommodates academic, residential, athletic, and social activities.

Identifying major circulation corridors that connect the various parts of campus.

In addition, we examined the role of our many open spaces. Green space can act as an organizing element in the campus fabric and enhance the level of visual connectivity from one space to another. Some spaces are important for their aesthetic value, while others serve primarily utilitarian needs. To bring order to these various spaces, we categorized them on the basis of similar function and spatial quality.

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By the Numbers2,368 Acres on the Oxford campus

54 Average age of campus buildings

38 Miles of sidewalks

187 Buildings

10,000 + Trees

6 Miles of utility tunnels

Capital Improvement Report 2007: Long-Range Planning for the 21st Century 5

Miami Firsts and Traditions1809: The Ohio General Assembly establishes Miami University as a men’s college for the purpose of fostering “good education, virtue, religion, and morality.” The college is named for the tribe that originally inhabited the Miami Valley region of Ohio; the site chosen for the college is named Oxford.

1816: Construction begins on the first permanent campus building.

1824: The first collegiate courses are offered to a student body of 20.

1825–1827: With the formation of two literary societies and publication of the first student newspaper in the United States, Miami's long tradition of student involvement in co-curricular activities begins.

1833–1855: Alpha Delta Phi, the first fraternity chapter west of the Allegheny Mountains, is founded in 1833. Despite an 1841 Board of Trustees resolution banning fraternities and other "secret" societies, Miamians establish the alpha, or inaugural, chapters of three fraternities now known as the "Miami triad." To this day, roughly one-third of Miami's student body belongs to a fraternity or sorority.

1853–1856: Oxford becomes the site of two institutions for women's education: Western Female Seminary (in 1853) and The Oxford Female College (in 1856). Western operates as an independent liberal arts college until 1974, when Miami purchases its buildings and establishes the School of Interdisciplinary Studies. In 2006, the School of Interdisciplinary Studies is integrated with the College of Arts and Sciences as a program.

1887: The first female students enroll at Miami.

1888: Miami plays the University of Cincinnati in Ohio’s first intercollegiate football game, which ends in a scoreless tie. Today the nickname "Cradle of Coaches" recognizes the Miami origins of many nationally successful coaches.

1902: The Ohio State Normal School, now the School of Education and Allied Professions, is founded. Miami's first African American student enrolls in the Normal School in 1903.

1927: School of Business opens. Today, it ranks among Business Week's top 25 undergrad business programs.

1929: School of Fine Arts opens. The program today promotes the connections among arts, cultural awareness, and civic engagement.

1947: Miami begins offering graduate programs. Today, some 1,700 graduate students are enrolled.

1959: School of Applied Science opens. Today it is the School of Engineering and Applied Science, one of Miami's fastest-growing academic programs.

1966: Miami University-Middletown opens. 1968: Miami University-Hamilton and the John E. Dolibois European Center in Luxembourg open.

The Miami campus in the 1870s.

6 Miami University

1 Our campus planning guidelines owe a substantial debt to A Pattern Language by Christopher Alexander, which was used in establishing desirable patterns for the Oxford campus.

Planning Principles

Miami’s current campus planning effort began in April 2001, when Planning and Construction, a

division of the Physical Facilities Department, invited a broad cross section of the university community to participate in a series of workshops. The intent was

to create an ongoing planning process and, as a product of that process, a dynamic master plan document (this Capital Improvement Report). Our planning principles statement (shown below) formed the foundation for the process and proposals described in this report.

Our Planning Principles Statement The Oxford Campus of Miami University is acclaimed as one of the most attractive in the United States. It is a campus with substantial coherence in terms of its architecture, arrangement of buildings, open spaces, and plantings. In the academic year 1989–1990, the Campus Planning Committee finalized and approved our Campus Planning Guidelines. These guidelines establish a broad framework to lead the physical development of the campus over time in terms of adherence and respect of the purity of the existing conditions.1 It is recognized that the campus provides an historical dimension unattained by many institutions of higher education. The campus has several historic buildings on the National Register that are of particular value to the campus fabric. They are an integral part of our tradition and contribute to our strong sense of place and community.

Respecting a heritage that strongly influences our future, our planning principles are generally defined in four goals:

1. To provide the best possible environment within which the academic mission of Miami University can be fulfilled.

2. To provide the best possible environment within which the other functions (residential, recreational, cultural, social) required in a large academic community located in a small town can be served.

3. To maintain and enhance the beauty and charm of the campus.

4. To recognize that Miami is an established campus and that it is the product of development decisions made over a long period of time; the qualities of the campus are closely linked to the history of the institution — future decisions must be made in that same context.

Capital Improvement Report 2007: Long-Range Planning for the 21st Century 7

Historic MiamiElliott Hall (above), Miami’s oldest dormitory and one of the oldest in the United States, is one of several campus buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Others include:

Stoddard Hall

Peabody Hall

Western College for Women Historic District

The McGuffey Museum is a National Historic Landmark.

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“The preservation of historic sites and structures has unquestioned educational values. Students absorb from their surroundings as well as from the

classroom, library and laboratory. It is immeasurably valuable for them to live, in their most impressionable and outreaching years, in a setting of grace and dignity, enriched by history and tradition. Teachers and students alike take attitudes and motivations from their campus background. Few universities have so ready an opportunity as does Miami to create and control the atmosphere in which the learning enterprise goes on.”

— Walter HavigHurst, in the 1978 report to President Shriver by the Select Committee on Historic Preservation

8 Miami University

As we publish our Capital Improvement Report, a

number of Master Plan projects undertaken shortly after the 2001 planning workshops are at or nearing completion. Here is a progress report on some of our new and upgraded facilities.

A New Academic Quadrangle

Academic needs were paramount when our planning process began. The growth in our School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) was a primary concern. With enrollment and programs in this school poised to expand — new majors and even a new department were in development — SEAS clearly would outgrow its home in Kreger and Gaskill halls. And should the school grow even beyond these expectations, how would Miami accommodate additional expansion? A new site was the only practical solution.

Elsewhere, in our psychology and biological sciences departments, inefficiencies in laboratory support

Miami's New North Academic Quad: The new School of Engineering and Applied Sciences will occupy the space between Pearson and Benton halls. In future years, Benton will be rehabilitated to become part of SEAS. North of Pearson Hall is the new Psychology building, which will include consolidated laboratory support facilities. At the center of the quadrangle is the site of the former Goggin Ice Arena, where an underground parking facility topped by landscaped open space will be developed. Sites for new buildings are set aside at the north and west boundaries of the new quad.

Progress: 2002 to 2006

Academic Facilities

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Capital Improvement Report 2007: Long-Range Planning for the 21st Century 9

functions were reaching critical proportions. Years of incremental changes had scattered our animal care facilities to various locations across campus. How could we reorganize our vivarium facilities to provide more efficiency?

The planning committee found the answers to these questions at, of all places, Goggin Ice Arena, a beloved venue whose capabilities could no longer meet the demands placed upon it. Relocating the ice facility from the north to the southwest part of campus offered several distinct advantages for academic and athletic priorities alike. A new ice center could be designed to suit present-day needs without the limitations Goggin’s original configuration imposed. The relocation would also give the ice facility proximity to the Recreational Sports Center and an area of campus that has become a student-services quadrangle.

Equally important, relocating the ice arena would open a space that could become the center of a new academic quadrangle touching High Street, Tallawanda Street, and Patterson Avenue on the north side of campus.

Why Build a New Quad? Creating a new academic quadrangle accomplishes several goals. First, it provides ideal sites for new SEAS and Psychology buildings. Second, the new quad establishes potential building sites close to existing academic structures, allowing students to walk from one location to another on a 10-minute class change schedule.

As a unifying framework, the traditional quadrangle design has served Miami well for decades. This new quad of existing, newly built, and future structures brings organization to an area of campus that had been a collection of leftover spaces and building backsides.

The new quad’s design deftly balances two traditionally competing needs: parking and green space. An underground parking structure, to be completed in 2008, is a natural fit for the site terrain, and the landscaped open space that will sit atop this new

facility will enhance the area’s beauty. Adding this new structure allows us to eliminate several surface lots and still gain greatly needed parking capacity.

Looking beyond the near term, the removal of Withrow Court (in the 2009–2020 time frame) will open the way for a potential new east-to-west vehicular route from the north side of the new quad to Withrow Street.

School of Engineering and Applied ScienceWest side open Fall 2006; east Spring 2007

This two-phase project relocates the school into two contiguous structures on the new North Quad: one a new building, and the other rehabilitated Benton Hall (phase 2, which began in late summer 2006). This approach keeps the academic unit together and contains the mass of the new building to a size appropriate for the campus. An underground, three-story parking facility also will be completed as part of the scope, by April 2008.

The new academic building also nears completion. Situated between Benton and Pearson halls on the north side of High Street, this 103,000-gsf structure includes space for offices, classrooms, and laboratories.

SEAS as of September 25, 2006.

10 Miami University

The west side of the building, which opened in the fall of 2006, becomes home to Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering (on the ground floor) and to Electrical and Computer Engineering (on the second floor). The east side houses Paper Science and Chemical Engineering on the ground floor and opened in the spring of 2007. Classrooms and laboratory space occupy the first floor.

Ultimately, the new building will be connected to the renovated Benton Hall, placing the entire School of Engineering and Applied Science (SEAS) under one roof.

The SEAS construction schedule will have an impact on a concurrent campus project. The school’s previous home in Kreger Hall will become temporary space for the Department of Student Affairs while Warfield Hall is being renovated.

Psychology Building Completed August 2006

Psychology has moved from its former home in Benton Hall to a new building on the west side of Patterson Avenue, north of and connected to Pearson Hall. This new component of the North Quad will also be home to Lab Animal Resources, a new animal care facility shared with Pearson. The new building also includes space for

Progress: 2002 to 2006 (Continued)

classrooms, offices, seminar rooms, computer labs, a departmental suite, research labs, and gathering areas.

Progress on Other Academic ProjectsOur recent accomplishments and immediate plans also include a number of total building rehabilitations. Experience has shown that a new building will need total rehabilitation approximately 47 years after construction. In a total rehab, the entire building “envelope” is repaired or replaced — the foundation, the roof, all exterior walls and windows, and waterproofing. The building’s heating, cooling, plumbing, fire protection, and life safety systems are either replaced or upgraded as necessary to employ current technologies.

McGuffey Hall rehabilitation. The School of Education and Allied Professions’ space was upgraded in two phases, the last of which was completed in Summer 2006.

King Library rehabilitation. We undertook three separate projects over 10 years to renovate Miami’s main library. The first floor (main lobby and entrance) was completed in 1997; in 2001, the second floor (administration and dean’s office) was rehabilitated. The final project renovates the ground and third floors.

Presser Hall rehabilitation. Presser’s redesign will transform it into a new home for the Department of Music. The renovated facility will include practice and storage space for the marching band. Music’s move from the current Center for Performing Arts (CPA) will make it possible to build a set-production workshop adjacent to Gates-Abegglen Theatre, thereby eliminating set construction on the stage itself and opening the possibility of additional performance dates at CPA. Completion of the Presser project is scheduled for the spring of 2008.

Warfield Hall rehabilitation. Warfield, home to the Student Affairs Division, is undergoing total rehabilitation which began in March 2007 and is scheduled for completion by August 2008.

The east side of the new Psychology Building.

Capital Improvement Report 2007: Long-Range Planning for the 21st Century 11

Student Life FacilitiesApartment-Style Housing Complexes Six new buildings in 2005

Changing student expectations and competition from other institutions told us that to keep more students living on campus, we would need to diversify our large stock of traditional dormitory-style residence halls. The best location for new apartment-style housing on campus turned out to be the former site of the Miami Manor housing units, built more than 50 years ago to replace the military housekeeping units known as “Vet Village.” The four Miami Manor buildings were an improvement over the “Vet Village,” but they did not meet the normal Miami standards of quality. They had served their purpose much longer than originally intended, and it was time for our ongoing capital renewal process to replace them.

Heritage Commons, Blanchard House, Pines Lodge, Tallawanda Hall, Fisher Hall, and Logan Lodge are the six new apartment buildings. In total, they provide 428 beds in 107 apartments; a seventh building provides community support facilities. The project is subdivided into three clusters of two buildings each, creating smaller-scale exterior spaces for its residences. Each apartment is provided with parking spaces on site — a first for Miami.

The Heritage Commons apartment complex.

Intercollegiate Athletics Facilities Goggin Ice Center Completed July 2006

The fondly remembered Goggin Ice Arena was not an old building by Miami standards, but over time a number of factors had nudged it toward obsolescence. The first Goggin was designed in the early 1970s — before Title IX, before the Americans with Disabilities Act, and before anyone at Miami could have envisioned the array of activities that would converge there.

At the time, hockey was a club sport; today it is one of the university’s most successful varsity sports, one whose facility must provide ample spectator seating, concessions, adequate restrooms, and ticketing space. And it isn’t just for hockey any more. The creation of a successful new varsity sport — synchronized skating — meant a need for more locker rooms, coaches’ offices, and restrooms.

An additional factor is the overwhelming popularity of our intramural broomball program, which was not anticipated in anyone’s wildest dreams. Nearly half our student population participates in this sport!

The new Goggin Ice Center sits on Oak Street between the Recreational Sports Center (RSC) and Phillips Hall. It features two full-size sheets of ice, a full complement of support facilities, and double the seating capacity of the former facility.

Goggin Ice Center, July 24, 2006.

12 Miami University

Progress: 2002 to 2006 (Continued)

This new location takes advantage of common administrative operations between the new facility and the RSC. It is also a convenient location for students, with its proximity to Health Services, Student Counseling Services, the Registrar’s Office, Student Financial Assistance, and the Bursar’s Office.

More Parking. To support the ice center and other new and existing facilities in the southwest part of campus, a three-story parking structure with capacity for 600 cars has been constructed along Campus Avenue. The new Goggin and the parking structure will complete the east and west sides of a new southwest campus student services quadrangle that also includes apartment-style student housing facilities.

Progress on Other Athletics ProjectsTo the far north end of campus, we have undertaken a variety of projects to meet the long-term needs of Intercollegiate Athletics.

With these projects we are taking the opportunity to introduce the traditional Miami “look” of brick, limestone, and landscaping to an area previously dominated by concrete, steel, and pavement.

Varsity Softball Field. The new field opened in 2006 on a site north of Millett Hall that mitigates the flooding risk experienced at the previous softball venue. The new facility includes a natural turf field with skinned infield, team dugouts with related storage and restrooms, batting cages, team bullpens, seating for 500 spectators, a press box, sound system, a picnic area, restrooms, a new scoreboard, and permanent field lighting.

Field hockey renovation. This project expands the field hockey playing surface to regulation size and also installs new artificial turf, relocates lighting and fences, and improves the drainage system.

Yager Stadium rehabilitation projects. The stadium has seen a number of key improvements in this time frame. Most recent was a total reconstruction of the east stands that increased seating in that area; this project also included the addition of restrooms and concession facilities.

The Cradle of Coaches Plaza, added in 2004, welcomes fans entering at the south end of the stadium. That project also included new lighting, a new scoreboard, and parking lot improvements. In 2003 the playing field got new artificial turf.

McKie Field at Hayden Park. Miami's new baseball field, formally dedicated in 2002, features a state-of-the-art playing surface, enhanced seating, and an improved press box.

Walter L. Gross Jr. Family Student Athlete Development Center. Located between Millett Hall and Yager Stadium, this facility addresses the academic and athletic needs of Miami’s student-athletes. The west wing is devoted to academic enrichment, while the east wing offers a 10,000-square foot physical fitness center. New varsity softball field.

The Cradle of Coaches Plaza.

Capital Improvement Report 2007: Long-Range Planning for the 21st Century 13

Planning Proposals: 2006 to 2009

Academic FacilitiesIn the 2006–2009 time frame, the Richard T. Farmer School of Business gets a new facility that will consolidate its six departments on a single new site. Meanwhile, with completion of the Benton Hall rehabilitation, SEAS gets full use of both its facilities, and the North Academic Quad continues to take shape. A new Center for the Arts will be built, and Kreger, Robinson, and Reid halls will be deconstructed.

Demolition vs. deconstruction. The di�erence is much more than semantics! In deconstruction, all usable building materials, including concrete, are recycled. When removing a building, Miami opts to deconstruct rather than demolish.

Richard T. Farmer School of Business Expected completion 2009

Through an era of signi�cant program growth, the School of Business has coped with the physical separation of its departments (three are in Laws Hall,

and three in Upham). Besides consolidation, the school needs purpose-designed space that accommodates current and future business-school teaching methods and integrated technologies. But �nding a suitable location would prove a challenge.

Completion of the new SEAS building and the subsequent deconstruction of Kreger and Robertson halls would leave the latter site available for new construction. But as the business school’s program of requirements gained de�nition, it became clear that the Kreger–Robertson site would be too small. The program ultimately called for a building measuring between 180,000 and 240,000 gross square feet.

An exhaustive study examined 12 alternative building sites that met this size requirement. Through considerable public debate, an East Quad site at the northeast corner of the Patterson Avenue/High Street intersection emerged as the optimal location. The area is the former site of Reid Hall, which was deconstructed in 2006.

East Quad site of the new Richard T. Farmer School of Business (in red).

14 Miami University

Student Life Facilities

New Student Center. The Board of Trustees has approved planning for the creation of a student center to be housed in a new building on the west central edge of campus, in an area bounded at the west by Campus Avenue, at the north by Spring Street, and at the east by Oak Street. This new student center building will not replace Shriver Center, which is a university center.

Martin Dining Hall rehabilitation. This rehab will update the configuration and operation of the dining facility and will include infrastructure and life safety upgrades, as well as new finishings and furnishings.

Residence hall rehabilitation process. A large block of our traditional residence halls will require

Planning Proposals: 2006 to 2009 (Continued)

rehabilitation between now and 2040. In the 2006–2009 time frame, we will begin this extensive process by rehabilitating two residence halls, which will be identified in the coming year.

Intercollegiate Athletics Facilities We are currently exploring the possibility of constructing an indoor practice facility somewhere in the vicinity of the Millett Hall–Yager Stadium complex that could potentially serve all varsity sports. Possible uses for recently purchased property northeast of Yager Stadium are also being explored.

Planning Proposals: 2009 and Beyond

Center for the ArtsPlanning for arts facilities at Miami must consider two constituencies: the School of Fine Arts, home of the university’s architecture, interior design, art, music, and theatre majors; and the university as a whole, which seeks “a richer cultural and intellectual life” and “arts for all” (participation by 100 percent of the student body) as ongoing goals. Both constituencies agree that a new performance hall placed within an integrated Center for the Arts will help bring their goals to life.

Visibility and convenience of access are critical to creating an arts program from which all Miami students benefit. With this in mind, the university undertook an extensive analysis of potential locations for a new Center for the Arts, ultimately deciding on the site directly south of the existing CPA. This choice is actually a reaffirmation of a master plan concept developed decades ago, when that part of campus was

first being planned. Although programmatic needs differ today, the site remains the best location for a Center for the Arts with a new, 1,400-seat, multi-purpose performance venue as the centerpiece.

With its exposure along Maple Street, the chosen site has a prominent visual connection to the rest of the campus. A new driveway south of the Center will link Patterson Avenue and Maple Street and will provide convenient vehicular access.

The new Center will enhance the other fine arts buildings in the immediate area: Hiestand and Presser halls (both currently undergoing renovation), and the Art Building. The Center will be convenient to existing music and theatre department academic spaces and will have a physical connection to the existing CPA building. The new performing arts building will sit on the north–south axis that already connects Hughes Hall,

Capital Improvement Report 2007: Long-Range Planning for the 21st Century 15

The new Center for the Performing Arts site.

Bishop Woods, Culler and Shideler halls, Shriver Center, the Fine Arts Plaza, the existing CPA, and, to the south, the residential quadrangle. The main lobby will take advantage of a formal vista to the south that will be enhanced with landscaping elements.

The Center’s new food service operation will further encourage participation by non-fine arts majors. The food service component, which will replace Scott Hall, will be a lively and highly visual area similar to the Bell Tower Place, but designed around a performing arts theme.

Long-range possibilities for this part of campus include transforming Morris, Emerson, and Tappan halls into a fine arts-themed residential community.

More parking. Two new parking structures, each providing space for 150 to 200 cars, are planned to support the new CPA and provide much-needed parking around Shriver Center. One would be adjacent to Morris Hall, along Maple Street, and the other north of the Art Building, adjacent to Shriver.

16 Miami University

2009 to 2014 Build A new Equestrian Center with an indoor riding facility

One or more new buildings on Tallawanda Street to replace Intercollegiate Athletics functions in Withrow Court, which will be deconstructed

An addition to Phillips Hall, to replace Withrow basketball courts

A connection from Withrow Street to Tallawanda Street

An indoor practice facility at Yager Stadium

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Rehabilitate Laws Hall

Upham Hall north wing (for lab space and reassignments from Bachelor)Hughes Hall, Building C (for new labs, and relocate Brill Science Library from Building C into Laws Hall)

Bachelor Hall

Gaskill Hall (for reassignment)

Residence and dining halls as determined by the new Long-Range Master Plan in progress for housing

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Our planning process identified many “next decade” planning objectives, as well as very long-term

objectives (through 2040 and even a bit beyond). Although we recognize that planning recommendations reaching more than 10 years into the future will likely change with evolving needs and new information, we still find it valuable to identify current needs and expectations for those coming years. Very long-range planning provides a comprehensive view of our campus

that is rarely considered. As we have tried to demonstrate throughout this report, eventually every building on campus today will require either rehabilitation or deconstruction. Developing a plan and schedule that recognize this fact is critical to maintaining the quality of our campus. More important, it provides the information necessary to develop a budgetary plan that supports the physical plan. The following section of this report was developed with this philosophy in mind.

Planning Proposals: 2009 and Beyond (Continued)

Capital Improvement Report 2007: Long-Range Planning for the 21st Century 17

2015 to 2020Build A new Honors Residence Hall

New student apartment housing at site(s) to be determined

An Academic Village for visiting scholars and distinguished professors

An addition to the new Center for the Arts

A new boiler plant

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Rehabilitate Harrison Hall (for reassignment)

Culler Hall (for reassignment)

Original Center for the Performing Arts building

Art Museum

Airport (or deconstruct for new building site)

Sesquicentennial Chapel

Marcum Conference Center

Miami Inn

Residence and dining halls as needed

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2021 to 2040Build A new academic building on the north side of Bicentennial

Quadrangle

A bridge across Ohio 73 to extend Marcum Drive to Western Campus

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Rehabilitate Hanna House (or deconstruct for new building site)

Glos Center

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18 Miami University

Planning Proposals: 2009 and Beyond (Continued)

2021 to 2040 (Continued)

Rehabilitate Millett Hall

Murstein Alumni Center/Panuska Development Center

Cook Place

Langstroth Cottage

Old Manse

Patterson Place

Kumler Chapel

Western Lodge (or deconstruct for new building site)

Lewis Place

Art Building

Pearson Hall

Williams Hall

Boyd Hall

Hall Auditorium

Hiestand Hall

Irvin Hall

Recreational Sports Center

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2040 and BeyondRehabilitate Campus Avenue Building (or deconstruct for new building site);

Peabody Hall; Alumni Hall; Sawyer Hall; Hoyt Hall; Cole Service Building (or deconstruct for new building site); Police Services Center; Advancement Services; Roudebush Hall; Phillips Hall; Health Services Center; Hughes Hall; Child Development Center; Culinary Support Center; Gross Student Athlete Development Center; McGuffey Museum; McKie Field; MacMillan Hall.

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Capital Improvement Report 2007: Long-Range Planning for the 21st Century 19

From the earliest point in our planning process, programming goals needed to look beyond buildings

and landscaping and consider the utility systems that provide our campus with heating, cooling, water, and electricity. Utility master planning must improve and expand systems so they can meet the present and future needs of campus buildings and also deliver enhanced reliability.

High-Voltage Electrical System The demand for electricity on our campus has been, well, surging. The information age brought the new reality that every student, instructor, and staff member will use at least one computer in daily life. Today’s college students bring to campus an amazing array of appliances and gadgets. Add to that the southern Ohio climate that makes air conditioning essential in the warmer months, and it becomes clear that the university needs a robust, reliable, and expandable electrical capacity.

Our recently completed high-voltage electrical system (12.47 kv) provides the electrical "backbone" for expansion to the entire campus in future years. As new structures are built and older ones undergo major renovations, the high-voltage system will be extended to serve these facilities.

Bringing the high-voltage system online

will extend the life of our older primary electric system (4.16 kv) by reducing the demands made upon it. For the foreseeable future the campus will have dual primary distribution systems, but as time passes, the 12.47 kv system will be extended to more buildings, and we will be able to phase out and eventually eliminate the 4.16 kv system.

To make the older system more reliable, modifications are ongoing to connect radial feeds, forming a loop. This improvement will allow buildings to be served from either of two directions, so that in the event an underground cable or switch fails, power to a building can be restored from the other

Utilities Infrastructure Plan

December 2004: Work proceeds on the new high‑voltage electrical system, completed in summer 2006.

To improve the reliability of utility systems, engineers often create loops by connecting radial feeds. These loops build redundancy into the system, allowing a facility to be served from either of two directions. Future plans for Miami's electrical, steam, and chilled/domestic water systems all include creating new loops.

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direction. Also, we are automating the various switches around campus to enable remote actuation from a central location; this will allow faster restoration of electric service in the event of a system failure.

A peaking engine plant consisting of two 5.7-mw natural gas engine generators was completed in 2005. At full capacity, the plant will be able to generate up to two-thirds (11.4 mw) of our present campus electricity requirements and, at the same time, reduce the amount of electricity purchased from Duke Energy. After completion of an automated system for controlling the high-voltage distribution system (in 2007–2008), the generators will be able to carry part of the total campus load in the event of a complete loss of power from Duke.

Another long-term goal is to phase out Switch House No. 1, located in Gaskill Hall. This switchgear is the oldest part of the 4.16-kv system, and it is located in a building that is being considered for deconstruction in the 2020–2040 time frame. To phase out this switchgear, we will either convert the buildings currently served from this switch house to the 12.47-kv system or construct a new switch house in another location.

Steam SystemA primary objective for any steam system is to construct loop feeds such that a main-line failure will have minimal effect on the balance of the service area. Future plans for the steam system involve closing the radial feeds on campus as follows:

· Connecting the main steam plant to the main campus via Western Campus through Bachelor Hall tunnel;

· Extending the Western Campus loop to the existing East Quad steam line;

· Extending the Bunger Field utility tunnel steam line north, crossing Spring Street, and eventually connecting into the steam line

Utilities Infrastructure Plan (Continued)

serving King Library; and

· Connecting the steam line serving Psychology north, past The Inn, and then west to connect into the Tallawanda tunnel steam line.

An ongoing replacement program for underground pipes is helping to ensure the future integrity of the steam system. Also, to serve the future development of the East Quad area, a utility tunnel project presently under construction will extend the tunnel from Pearson Hall to the northeast corner of the new School of Business. Extension of the tunnel to Fisher Drive is planned in the future.

Immediate plans for the main Steam Plant involve implementing the necessary control equipment to ensure the continued ability to burn coal as the primary fuel, with natural gas as a back-up fuel. Longer-term plans include eventually replacing the existing boilers (within the next 20 to 30 years) and relocating the coal and ash silos to the south of the plant. This relocation would allow direct coal truck access from Patterson Avenue south of the Art Museum and eliminate heavy truck traffic through Western Campus. The replacement boilers would be designed for higher pressure (600 psi)

July 2006: A worker examines a section of steam line near Minnich Hall.

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so that steam turbine electric generators could be used to provide campus power.

Chilled Water System As with the other utility systems, providing loops to all parts of the campus will improve reliability. Future plans for this system include connecting the radial feeds to certain parts of campus. These loop connections include the following:

· Extending the Bunger Field chilled water line north, across Spring Street, and connecting to the chilled water lines serving King Library; and

· Installing chilled water lines from the North Chiller Plant to the east, to north Patterson Avenue, and eventually connecting into the lines serving Psychology.

As future growth demands, additional chillers and auxiliary equipment will be installed at the north and south chiller plants. Longer-term plans include constructing a third chiller plant adjacent to the Steam Plant. This plant would serve the buildings on Western Campus, but would also be connected into the existing chilled water loop west of Patterson Avenue to help support buildings in that loop as well. Depending on the results of a life-cycle cost analysis, this plant could use steam turbine, steam absorption, or electric-driven chillers.

To minimize the need to expand the chilled water system’s capacity, we will implement a continuous process to increase the efficiency of chiller operations and improve the efficiency of chilled water use in our buildings. Ongoing projects will replace pumps and cooling coils in building air conditioning units, and controls upgrades will optimize the use of chilled water.

Water, Sanitary Sewer, and Storm Sewer Systems These three utilities on campus are intertwined with the main piping systems owned and operated by the City of Oxford, so the planning of future improvements must be closely coordinated with city officials.

Goals for future improvements include the following:

· Relocating main city water and sanitary sewers off university property and into the city rights-of-way;

· Providing looping of water systems for more reliability;

· Improving water quantity and pressure available to supply building fire protection systems;

· Planning for sanitary and storm sewer improvements to extend these systems into newly developed academic or residential quads; and

· Planning for improved storm sewers to prevent flooding along Spring and High streets.

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Funding Plan

The capital projects planned for the 2002 to 2020 time frame are backed by an integrated,

comprehensive financial plan. As we launched the long-range master planning process described in this report, we also began developing a financial master plan to confirm the availability of funding for these important projects.

Planning for Block ObsolescenceTo meet the needs of growing student populations in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s, Miami increased its total square footage significantly during this period (see illustration below). Now or in the very near future, the structures that were part of this “building boom” must

be renovated or replaced. Thus Miami faces the approach of classic block obsolescence, or the simultaneous aging of a large number of facilities in a relatively short time frame.

In the mid-20th century, state and federal money made much of this new construction possible. A different reality prevails today, with state support to public universities in steady decline for more than two decades. If we attempted to address block obsolescence using only state funding, we would have to accept that over time, the quality and condition of our prized campus would deteriorate. Instead, we have chosen to pursue additional sources to bring in the funds needed at the appropriate time.

Block Obsolescence: Miami Buildings Coming of Age

Miami’s total square footage grew at a fairly even pace from our founding year, 1809, up to the mid-20th century. Then, as happened at many universities, the rate of new construction accelerated as we prepared for the Baby Boomers’ college years. Between 1955 and 1975, some 3,000,000 square feet of new education and general space was added. With the typical time from construction to major rehabilitation averaging 47 years, the block obsolescence of Miami’s mid-20th century growth spurt is now at hand. The rate and funding level experienced for capital improvements in the past 20 to 30 years will not begin to address the needs of the next 15 years.

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What Are the Funding Sources?As an Ohio public university, Miami has four potential sources of funding when considering capital improvements:

State appropriations

Local funds

Proceeds from the sale of bonds

Gifts from alumni and friends

With state funding playing a smaller role, the university increasingly looks to gifts and bond sales to support capital improvements.

State Funding LimitationsTo some extent, a building’s type and function determine what method(s) we can use to fund it. Education and General (E&G) facilities house academic or administrative functions. Auxiliary buildings include dining and residence halls, athletic venues, and any facilities used for student activities. At present, auxiliary buildings are ineligible to receive state capital funding, and therefore must be self-supporting (from student fees, operational surpluses, and bookstore revenues, among other sources).

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And there is more to consider. All debt issuance must allow the university to maintain its desired bond ratings with the Standard & Poor's and Moody's agencies. Debt is issued only if it will not impact negatively upon these ratings. The university strives to keep its viability ratio (expendable fund balances divided by total debt) above 1.0 and its debt burden ratio (debt payments as a percentage of total annual expenditures) below 7%.

What's the Bottom Line? Planning for capital improvements in the 21st century is a process of comparing academic and other institutional priorities against the projected availability of sustainable funding, and sequencing projects in a way that balances our institutional and financial responsibilities.

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During the months that followed the launch of our current master plan effort in April 2001, four workshops brought together representatives from a broad cross section of the university.

Workshop No. 1The first session was used as an opportunity to:

• Review the capital planning process as established by the Ohio Board of Regents for state capital funding.

• Review previous planning documents and reference materials.

• Establish the parameters and expectations of the planning exercise.

• Offer an open forum for all to express their ideas concerning future needs and wants, as well as issues related to existing campus conditions.

We encouraged participants to look at the “big picture” and to think in unusually long terms — 30 to 40 years. All areas of functional or programmatic needs were on the table, including academic instruction and research, housing and dining, health and fitness, social needs,

spiritual concerns, intramural and intercollegiate athletics, administration, vehicular and pedestrian circulation, parking, special events, wayfinding, and our relationship to the surrounding Oxford community. We emphasized the importance of operational and maintenance cost on planning considerations and discussed the emergence of new trends affecting all elements of campus activity.

Workshop No. 2The first planning session identified a need to collect specific building and campus data. These data, along with planning criteria, were presented at the second planning session in July 2001. On the basis of known projects and the existing data, we drafted comprehensive cost projections for various potential projects. At this meeting we reached the following conclusions, which enabled our planning efforts to take a more focused direction:

Kreger Hall and portions of Gaskill Hall would not suffice as the long-term home for the School of Engineering and Applied Science (SEAS). We would need to investigate building sites to accommodate a new facility with potential for long-term growth and expansion.

A building site for a new performance hall would be considered in the southeast area of campus.

The School of Business needed upgraded facilities to improve the proximity of departments within the school and update its image. This project could include additions to Laws Hall and/or relocation of departments from Upham to the west wing of Hughes Hall. The school was being targeted to account for 25% of the university enrollment, a reduction from approximately 33% at that time.

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Our Planning Process

An early campus planning workshop.

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Long-range organization of academic units and campus composition.

Long-term growth potential and campus development concepts.

Circulation and parking improvements.

Sequencing of work.

At the conclusion of this meeting, participants unanimously agreed to focus planning efforts on the recommendations then identified as Scenario 2B. This scenario eventually became the initial plans included in this document. As discussed in Progress: 2002 to 2006, this scenario included the development of a new academic quadrangle with Pearson Hall at its southeast corner. It also included the relocation of all functions in Goggin Ice Arena to a new facility to be located elsewhere on campus, as well as a proposal to build an underground parking structure in the place of Goggin Ice Arena.

Workshop No. 4The fourth and final of the initial planning workshops was held in September of 2001. It provided additional planning alternatives needed as a result of the decisions made at the August session. Planning direction agreed upon in this meeting included:

A site for a new ice arena.

Sites for apartment complexes.

A site for a new parking garage in the southwest area of campus.

Upon completion of the new SEAS facility, deconstruction of Kreger and Gaskill Halls.

Upon completion of the new ice arena, the deconstruction of Goggin Ice Arena.

A proposal to build a new School of Business building at the Kreger Hall site. The School of Business would vacate Laws Hall and the north wing of Upham Hall.

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Crowding in Bachelor Hall needed to be relieved. Consideration would be given to relocating one or more departments out of Bachelor Hall; Mathematics and Statistics was identified as a potential candidate.

We would pursue ways to consolidate our animal care facilities, improving their efficiency and proximity to their most frequent users.

Additional parking space would be planned — either new surface lots or the introduction of parking structure(s) to campus.

We would revisit earlier feasibility studies that investigated adding on to Goggin Ice Arena to meet present-day needs of intramural and intercollegiate sports teams, and to satisfy new building code regulations.

We would identify potential sites for three or four apartment-style housing complexes at various locations on campus.

Workshop No. 3The third planning workshop became a major turning point in the development of the long-range plan. Five campus plan scenarios, selected from numerous plans developed and explored by Planning and Construction, were presented to the planning group. Each of these scenarios offered varying solutions to the following items:

Potential sites for SEAS.

Recommendations for improved animal care operations.

Options for the School of Business.

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Relocation of some College of Arts and Science departments from Bachelor to Upham Hall.

Addition of new laboratories in Upham Hall.

Rehabilitation of Brill Science Library in its existing location within Hughes Hall.

Specific sequencing of projects in the master plan.

Continued development of a long-range funding plan.

These planning recommendations were first presented to the Board of Trustees at their December 2001 meeting. The Board supported the concepts presented in the planning recommendations. They directed the university administration to proceed with the continued development of our long-range master plan with the understanding that each individual project would be brought to the Board at the appropriate time for specific approval to proceed. The planning process has become more defined and formalized as the plan has been implemented.

We have purposely developed a campus planning process that is ongoing in nature. Although work on our master plan began at a specific time, no end date or deadline for completion has been established. This process creates a “master plan” that is not a static document or colored campus map, but rather a document that is continuously being reviewed and updated. A group of representatives from across the university come together twice a year as the Long-Range Master Plan Steering Committee.

There are three standing agenda items for these meetings. First, Planning and Construction provides updates regarding the implementation of the current plan and new developments affecting design or construction at the federal, state, and local levels. Secondly, we present any planning proposals that resulted from decisions made at the previous planning meeting and in response to changes that may have occurred or been identified within the university. Finally, direction, input, and assignments are established for the next six-month planning period. This cycle is ongoing for the foreseeable future.

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Our Planning Process (Continued)

As this process has continued, we have developed certain planning tools and objectives. We now have a listing of every structure on campus and an anticipated schedule for rehabilitation or deconstruction of that structure. This tool forces us to consider very long-term funding issues related to specific goals and expectations for the continued renewal and development of our campus, to maintain the high quality we’ve inherited.

The purpose of this report is to share our progress in implementing specific projects and campus-wide planning proposals with the entire Miami community. The Physical Facilities Department plans to publish this report periodically as new proposals are developed and various aspects of the plan are realized with the construction of facilities. But perhaps the best way to experience these exciting changes is to walk the campus, to see and feel the reshaped interior and exterior space firsthand. To visit familiar places and discover new ones at Miami. To experience our prized campus at a unique moment in time as we enter our third century of existence.

The Long-Range Master Plan Steering Committee

Provost and Executive Vice PresidentVice President of Finance & Business Services and TreasurerVice President for University AdvancementVice President for Student AffairsVice President for ITAssociate ProvostDirector of Institutional RelationsDirector of Intercollegiate AthleticsSenior Associate Vice President of Auxiliary ServicesAssociate Vice President - FacilitiesAssistant Vice President for Finance & Business ServicesAssistant Vice President of Auxiliary ServicesUniversity EngineerFacility PlannerUniversity Architect and Campus Planner

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